Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Operating Systems
Topic: Operating System Definition & its functions
ANIL SAROLIYA
Reference Books:
Stallings W., Operating System, 6th ed. (2009), Pearson
Gary N., Operating System, A Modern Perspection,3rd ed.(2000), Pearson Edu.
Tanenbaum A. S., Modern Operating System, 5th ed.(2006), PHI.
Batch
Interactive,
multiprogramming,
Time Sharing and Real Time System,
multiprocessor system,
Distributed system,
System protection.
Unix,
Linux,
Solaris,
Apple-Mac, etc.
5
Operating system
Controls and coordinates use of hardware among various
applications and users
Users
People, machines, other computers
7
User 2
User 3
Compiler
assembler
Text editor
User N
Database
System
Operating System
Computer
Hardware
8
Technical definition of OS
Resource allocator manages and allocates
resources.
Control program controls the execution of user
programs and operations of I/O devices .
10
11
Important Term:
Kernel
It is a program which runs every time till the machine(mostly in
computers) is in active mode
As compare to other application programs, kernel always lies inside the
Memory(RAM).
Interrupt
It is the signal to a processor indicating that an asynchronous event has
occurred. Here the current sequence of instructions is temporarily
suspended, and a sequence related to the interruption is started in its place.
or
Its purpose is to alert the operating system when any special event occurs so
that it can suspend its current activity and deal appropriately with the new
situation
12
Main Functions of an OS
Command
Interpretation
or
User Interface
Protection
and Security
Process
Management
OS
Device
Management
Memory
Management
File
Management
14
Process Management
As we know OS controls the execution of applications.
Application (software) is made up by set of programs.
A process (also called job) is a program in execution.
OS manages the processes (which are submitted to a computer
system) in a manner to minimize idle time of processors (CPUs,
I/O processors, etc.) of the system
Create, execute, delete process
Cancel or resume process, schedule process
Synchronization,
Communication,
Deadlock handling
15
Memory Management
Memory is important resource of a computer system that
must be properly managed for the overall system
performance.
Memory management module:
Keeps the track of parts of memory in use and parts not in use
Allocates(provides) memory to processes as needed and deallocates when no longer needed
16
17
File management module of an operating system takes care of filerelated activities such as:
18
Device Controller
Operates port, bus, device. Bridge between device and OS
Complexity of handling devices is abstracted and hidden in device
drivers of device
19
Back-up of data : Took the extra copy of essential data on another place of
same or other storage device or media.
20
21
Thanks
22