Compatibility Test

Pertamina In House Method

PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT- September 2014

What is Compatibility Test

Compatibility test is a test to determine compatibility
between two different lubricant brand name with
same type of oils when subjected to be mixed.
Compatibility test is needed when two different
lubricants are to be mixed, or the replacement of
existing oil with new brand of oil can not be
supported with sufficient flushing.

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Standard Test Method For

Compatibility Test
ASTM D7155 : Standard Practice for Evaluating
Compatibility of Mixtures of Turbine
Lubricating Oils
Pertamina Adopting ASTM D 7155 in evaluating
compatibility test with modification to increase
the severity of the test.

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How Important Compatibility Test Is?

The compatibility testing is necessary because
the new oils currently available on the market
may have been formulated with different
additives, which may not be fully compatible
with additives of the in-service oils.
Only oils found to be compatible shall be
mixed with in-service oil or used as
replacement oil.

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What Happened If We Mix

Incompatible Oil?
Precipitation.
plug filters and oil passageways, lead to catastrophic
equipment failures
When there is no precipitation, further test (bench test) are
still needed to confirm that there is no additive reaction that
may lead to performance degradation.

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Incompatibility is Chemistry
Difference
Incompatibility is chemistry reason, not brand reason

http://www.machinerylubrication.com/Read/235/mixing-lubricating-oils
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Chemistry Classification Of Oil

http://www.machinerylubrication.com/Read/235/mixing-lubricating-oils
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Is mixing two oil dangerous?

1. Definitely Yes, especially if two different class of oil are
mixed
Turbine oil and Zn based hydraulic oil
Turbine oil and engine oil
2. Not always, especially if the same class of oil are mixed
Engine oil A and engine oil B
Hydraulic A and hydraulic B
Compatibility test is one of the way to understand the
possibility of point 2

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Compatibility Test
1. Residual formation
2. Bench test evaluation
Added test to indicate additive performance after mixing.
Mostly, other lab do not use this in compatibility test (they
use residual formation test only), but Pertamina use these
test to assure that there is no performance changes.
The test design is depend on the oil class. For engine oil,
we check oxidation stability, deposit tendency, and water
separation performance.

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Typical Characteristic Competitor

Oils vs Pertamina Turbine Oils
(Fresh Oil)

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Physical And Chemical Properties

(Used Oil Ex. IP Grati)

Notes :
MI 130790 : Used Oil Competitor Oils Ex. Equipment Gas Turbine MHI 62-12 M
701 D, Dec. 2007 IP-Grati
MI 130791 : Used Oil Competitor Oils Ex. Equipment Steam Turbine MHI ST-1
TC2F-33-5, Dec. 2012 IP-Grati
MI 130402 : Fresh Oil Turbolube XT 32
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Compatibility Test
MI 130790
vs
MI 130402
Notes :
MI 130790 : Used Oil Competitor Oils Ex. Equipment Gas Turbine
MHI 62-12 M 701 D, Dec. 2007 IP-Grati
MI 130402 : Fresh Oil Turbolube XT 32
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Compatibility Test Recommendation

Competitor Oils

Competitor Oils

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FTIR Spectrum

99,1 %
sample are
identic

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Compatibility Test Data

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Compatibility Test (Residue Appearance)

Before

Nil

Nil

Nil

After

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

No Precipitation occur after lubricant have been mixed

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Nil

Nil

Nil

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Residue Appearance (In House)

Scope
This test method can be used to determine the interaction between two different
additives

Summary
Sample is placed in 50 ml glass tube by volume in particular mixing composition.
After that stored in the oven for 7 days at particular test temperature. After 7 days
examine the appearance of samples.

Test Condition
Test Temperature : 80/100 oC
Test Duration : 7 days
Sample Volume : 50 mL

Interpretation
Appearance of residue indicate mixing different oil have negative effect. Residue
could come from either contaminant or additive incompatibility

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Filtration Time (In House)

Scope
This test method can be used to determine the ability of fluids to flow within
specified filter paper

Summary
50 ml sample was poured into milipore filter apparatus. glass tube by volume in
particular mixing composition. After that stored in the oven for 7 days at particular
test temperature. After 7 days examine the appearance of samples.

Test Condition
Filter Paper : 3 L
Sample Volume : 50 mL

Interpretation
Lower filtration time indicate ease flow

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Microoxidation (ASTM Draft)

Scope
This test method can be used to determine the deposit
tendency of lubricating oils.

Summary
Sample is weight in a steel pan and placed in the test tube that has been heated at
225 o C. Air is then blown through the test tube at rate 20.67 mL/minutes. After 2
hours test, the sample pan is re-weight and cleaned with heptane solution. The
weight difference before and after heating condition is reported in mg as deposit
tendency of oil.

Test Condition
Test Temperature : 225 oC
Test Duration : 2 Hours
Sample Weight : 0.0335 mg
Air Flow Rate : 20.67 ml/min

Interpretation
The higher the weight point, the higher its deposit tendency.
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Four Ball Wear ASTM D 4172

Scope
This test method can be used to determine the relative wear
preventive properties of lubricating fluids in sliding contact
under the prescribed test conditions.

Summary
The test machine rotate a steel test ball against three stationary steel test balls
just covered with test oil. This test is run at a specified rpm, temperature, load,
and time. After the test, the scars on three stationary balls are measured, and the
average scar diameter, in mm, is reported.

Test Condition
Oil Temperature : 75 oC
Test Duration : 60 minutes
Rotation Speed : 1200 rpm
Load : 40 Kg

Interpretation
The higher the scar diameter the worst its wear preventive characteristics.

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RBOT ASTM D 2272

Scope
This test method utilizes an oxygen-pressured vessel to evaluate the
oxidation stability of new and in-service turbine oils having the same
composition (base stock and additives) in the presence of water and
a copper catalyst coil at 150C.

Summary
The test oil, water, and copper catalyst coil, contained in a covered glass
container, are placed in a vessel equipped with a pressure gage. The vessel is
charged with oxygen to a gage pressure of 620 kPa (90 psi, 6.2 bar), placed in a
constant-temperature oil bath set at 150C, and rotated axially at 100 rpm at an
angel of 30 from the horizontal. The number of minutes required to reach a
specific drop in gage pressure is the oxidation stability of the test sample.

Test Condition
Test Temperature : 150C
Gauge Pressure : 90 psi
Sample Mass : 50 g

Interpretation
The higher the end point values, shows better oxidation stability.
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PDSC ASTM D6186

Scope
This test method covers the determination of oxidation induction time of lubricating
oils subjected to oxygen at 3.5 MPa (500 psig) and temperatures between 130 and 210C.

Summary
A small quantity of oil is weighed into a sample pan and placed in a test cell. The cell is
heated to a specified temperature and then pressurized with oxygen. The cell is held
at a regulated temperature and pressure until an exothermic reaction occurs. The
extrapolated onset time is measured and reported as the oxidation induction time for the
lubricating oil at the specified test temperature.

Test Condition
Test Temperature : 200C
Gauge Pressure : 500 psi
Sample Mass : 0,0030 mg

Interpretation
The higher the oxidation induction time values, shows better oxidation stability.

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Water Separability ASTM D 1401

Scope
This test method covers measurement of the ability of
petroleum oils or synthetic fluids to separate from water.

Summary
Test specimen consisting of a 40-mL sample and a 40-mL quantity of distilled water are
stirred for 5 min in a graduated cylinder at 54C or 82C, depending upon the
viscosity of the test specimen or sample specification. The time required for the
separation of the emulsion thus formed is recorded either after every 5 min or at the
specification time limit. If complete separation or emulsion reduction to 3 mL or less
does not occur after standing for 30 min or some other specification time limit, the
volumes of oil (or fluid), water, and emulsion remaining at the time are reported.

Test Condition
Test Temperature : 54 or 82 C
Sample Volume : 40 mL
Stirring Time : 5 minutes
Rotation Speed : 1500 rpm

Interpretation
Test Result Example : 40/40/0 (10)
Complete separation, which mean no oil/water/emulsion layers, happened in 10
minutes.
The faster the time to show complete separation indicate that the oil have good
water separability characteristics.
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Air Release Properties ASTM D 3427

Scope
This test method covers the ability of turbine, hydraulic,
and gear oils to separate entrained air.

Summary
Compressed air is blown through the test oil, which has been heated to a
temperature of 25, 50, or 75C. After the air flow is stopped, the time required for
the air entrained in the oil to reduce in volume to 0.2 % is recorded as the air
release time.

Test Condition
Test Temperature : 25C (visc @ 40 below 9cSt), 50C (visc @ 40 : 9-90cSt), 75C
(visc @ 40 > 90 cSt)
Test Duration : 420 min
Sample Mass : 180 ml
Air Pressure : 20 kPa

Interpretation
The higher the value the worst its ability to separate entrained air. Entrained air
could induce cavitation problem and creates boundary lubrications.

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