6

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1. Understanding various forms and sources of

energy.
2. Understanding renewable and nonrenewable energy.
3. Realising the importance of conserving
energy sources.

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6.1 Various fo
Energy
Listing various forms and sources of energy
on Earth
Identify energy changes
Explaining the main source of energy

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6.1 Variou
Energy

Energy is defined as the ability to

do work and is measured in joules
(J)
All living things need energy to
conduct their daily activities.

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6.1 Variou
Energy

Forms of Energy

Kinetic

Chemical Electrical

Potential

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6.1 Variou
Energy

Forms of Energy

Light

Sound

Heat

Nuclear

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6.1 Variou
Energy

Kinetic Energy
1. energy possessed by a moving object
2. the kinetic energy depend on:
the mass of object(mass increase, kinetic increase)
the velocity of object(velocity increase, kinetic increase)

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6.1 Variou
Energy

Potential Energy
1. Energy stored in an object.

a. position - gravitational force energy

i. Coconut on tree

b. condition - elastic potential energy

i. spring, stretch rubber band.

6.1 Variou
Energy

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Potentia

Look at the diagram

carefully. Identify the
following:
Maximum potential
energy
Maximum kinetic energy
Minimum potential
energy
Minimum kinetic energy

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6.1 Variou
Energy

Chemical Energy
stored in chemical substances such as fuel,
food and electrochemical cell.

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6.1 Variou
Energy

Heat Energy
1. stored in hot object (Sun, fire, boiling
water)
2. heat energy depend on
a. temperature
b. volume

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6.1 Variou
Energy

Light Energy
1. energy produced by an object that emits
light.
a. Ex. Lamp, fire, lightning, bulb, candle

2. can detect by eye.

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6.1 Variou
Energy

Sound Energy
1. produced by a vibrating object.
2. sound can transferred by gases,liquid and
solid.
3. sound CANNOT travel in a vacuum.

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6.1 Variou
Energy

Electrical Energy
1. produced by the electric
charges that flow.
2. sources of electrical energy
are dynamos, batteries,
solar panel/cell and
generator.

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6.1 Variou
Energy

Nuclear Energy
1. Released from fission or fusion
reactions which occur in atomic nuclei
2. Obtained from elements such as plutonium and
uranium
3. Mostly used to generate electricity.
4. Some ships and submarines are powered by nuclear
energy

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Energy
Geothermal
energy is heat
from within the
earth.
We can use the
steam and hot
water generate
electricity

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forms and s

Various
sources of
energy.

Water (hydro)
The kinetic energy of water
can be used to generate
hydroelectric energy.
The production and use of
hydroelectric energy does
not pollute the environment

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6.1 Variou
Energy
Various
Biomass is organic
material made from
plants and animals.
Methane is used as
fuel to heat water
and produce
electrical energy

sources of
energy.

Environmental Benefits
(Biomass)
no net increase in
atmospheric carbon
dioxide.
restore and ensure soil
stability and health
along with minimizing
chemical residues and
habitat destruction.

6.1 Variou
Energy
What is coal?
Coal is a combustible black or
brownish-black sedimentary
rock composed mostly of
carbon and hydrocarbons

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Various
sources of
energy. from
fossil fuels

FOR ELECTRIC POWER

Power plants burn
coal to make steam.
The steam turns
turbines which
generate electricity.
FOR MAKING STEEL
Coal is baked in hot
furnaces to make
coke, which is used
to smelt iron ore into
iron needed for
making steel

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Various

6.1
Energy

Various sources of
energy. from fossil
fuels
Diesel can only be used in a
diesel engine, a type of
internal combustion engine
used in many cars, boats,
trucks, trains, buses, and
construction vehicles.

Petrol (Gasoline)
Uses as fuel for car engines
Liquefied petroleum (LPG)

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Various

6.1
Energy

Various sources of
energy

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Radioactive substances
uranium and plutonium
are used to produce nuclear
energy for
generating electrical
energy
supplying energy for
submarines and ships
producing atomic or
hydrogen bombs
supplying energy for
satellites, meteorological
stations and light houses.

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Various

6.1
Energy

Various sources of
energy
Solar Power is energy
obtained from the sun in
the form of light
heating water for
homes
producing electrical
energy

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Solar energy can be collected

by using various devices:
Solar cells: Used in calculators,
watches and satellites.
Solar panels: Absorb heat
energy from the Sun to heat
the water under the panel.
Solar furnaces.Generate
electrical energy.

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Various

6.1
Energy

Various sources
of energy

Waves are caused by the wind blowing over the

surface of the ocean.
Waves have potential and kinetic energy.
Waves can produce electrical energy through the
movements of the floats connected to the power
station.

Tides are caused by the

gravitational pull the moon and
sun, and the rotation of the earth.
There are two-way systems that
generate electricity on both the
incoming and outgoing tides

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6.1 Variou
Energy

Wind energy is used for:

generating electricity
moving sailing ships at sea
non-polluting energy because it
does not produce any greenhouse
effect gases

Various sources of
energy

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Various

6.1
Energy
Law of Conservation of Energy
The law of conservation of energy
says that energy is neither created
nor destroyed.
When we use energy, it doesnt
disappear.
We change it from one form of
energy into another.

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Energy
1. Define renewable and non-renewable sources of
energy
2. Group the various sources of energy into
renewable and non-renewable energy
3. Explain why we need to conserve energy
4. Suggest ways to use energy efficiently

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Energy

Non-Renewable
Energy

Renewable Energy

The sources of energy

The sources of energy
that cannot be
that can be
replenished after use
replenished after
They are used up much
they have been used
faster than they can be
and will never run
replaced
out.
Free and clean

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Energy

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Energ

fossil fuels is limited and it will be completely

used up
How to solve this problem?

replacement of non-renewable resources

with renewable energy

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6.3 The Im
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1. To conserve sources of firewood, trees must be
replanted to replace those that have been cut
down.
2. Energy conservation is any behavior that
results in the use of less energy.
3. Energy efficiency is the use of technology
that requires less energy to perform the same
action

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A bulb changes only 5% of the

electrical energy that is supplied
to it to light energy. 95% of the
electrical energy is lost as heat
energy