Solution Manual 6th Ed

Solutions Manual For Students 6th Edition
Contents
Chapter
2.
Properties of Reinforced Concrete
3.
Flexural Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beams
4.
Flexural Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams
5.
Shear and Diagonal Tension
6.
Deflection and Control of Cracking
7.
Development Length of Reinforcing Bars
8.
Design of Deep Beams by the Strut-and Tie Method
9.
One Way Slabs
10.
Axially Loaded Columns
11.
Members in Compression and Bending
12.
Slender Columns
13.
Footings
14.
Retaining Walls
15.
Design for Torsion
16.
Continuous Beams and Frames
17.
Design of Two-Way Slabs
18.
Stairs
19.
Introduction to Prestressed Concrete
20.
Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures
21.
Beams curved in Plan
CHAPTER 2
PROPERTIES OF REINFORCED CONCRETE
Problem 2.1- 2.8: Refer to the relative section in text
Problem 2.3
Ec= 4.07x106 psi
Gc= 1.72x106 psi
Problem 2.9: Calculate the modulus of elasticity; Ec (see the table below)
Density
fc
Ec
160 pcf
5000 psi
4,723,000 psi
145 pcf
4000 psi
3,644,000 psi
125 pcf
2500 psi
2,306,000 psi
2400 kg/m3
35 MPa
29,910 MPa
2300 kg/m3
30 MPa
25,980 MPa
2100 kg/m3
25 MPa
20,690 MPa
Problem 2.10:Calculate the modular ratio; n and the modulus of rupture; fr:
Density
fc
Ec
fr
160 pcf
5000 psi
4,723,000 psi
6.14
530.3 psi
145 pcf
4000 psi
3,644,000 psi
7.96
474.3 psi
125 pcf
2500 psi
2,306,000 psi
12.58
375.0 psi
2400 kg/m3
35 MPa
29,910 MPa
6.69
3.668 MPa
2300 kg/m3
30 MPa
25,980 MPa
7.70
3.396 MPa
2100 kg/m3
25 MPa
20,690 MPa
9.67
3.10 MPa
Problem 2.11:
a) See figure below:
b) Secant modulus (at fc/2 = 1910 psi)
Ec = 1910 / 6.1010-4 = 3130 ksi
Approximate Initial Modulus = 2.6(ksi) / 5.4510-4 = 4771 ksi
(Possible range 4600 5200)
c) Ec = 57000 f c ' = 57000 3820 = 3523 ksi.
Problem 2.12:
!! , ! = !
! =
.
.
! !.!"
== .
10 + ! !.!" !" !! !" !"
, ! =
1 + ! ()
= = . ! !
!"!!
Problem 2.13:
! = !!! ! = !
, ! = . ! !
Problem 2.14:
! , ! = !
, ! = .
.
.
.
.
Problem 2.15:
Part a
ACI 209R-92 model:
For t = 14 days
Cc (t ) =
(t t0 )0.60
(14 7)0.60
C
K
K
K
=
2.35 0.935 0.994 1.076 = 0.572
cu ch ca cs
10 + (t t0 )0.60
10 + (14 7)0.60
1 + Cc (t ) 1 + 0.572
=
= 68.0 106 MPa 1
Ecmt 0
23,113.9
fib MC 2010:
J (t , t0 ) =
For t = 14 days
J (t , t0 ) =
=
Eci ( t0 )
(t , t0 )
Eci
1
1.757
+
= 89.5x106 MPa -1
28,502.6 32, 297.7
Problem 2.16:
B3:
For t = 118 days:

S (t ) = tanh
t tc
118 28
= tanh
= 0.776
Tsh
84.0
s (t ) = ( shu )( K h ) S (t ) = (804.9 106 )(0.875)(0.776) = 546.5 106 mm/mm
GL 2000:
For t = 41 days:
1/ 2
1/ 2
t tc
41 28
(t tc ) =
=
= 0.3779
2
2
41 28 + 0.12(25.5)
t tc + 0.12(V /S )
s (t ) = shu (h) (t tc ) = (1, 213.6 106 )(0.926)(0.3779) = 424.7 106 mm/mm
CHAPTER 3
FLEXURAL ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS
Problem 3.1:
Variables
No.a
No.b
No.c
No.d
No.e
No.f
No.g
No.h
a(in.)
14
22.5
4#10
5.08
6.4
18
28.5
6#10
7.62
7.47
12
23.5
4#9
4.00
5.88
12
18.5
4#8
3.16
4.65
16
24.5
5#10
6.35
7.00
14
26.5
5#9
5.00
6.3
10
17.5
3#9
3.00
5.29
20
31.5
4#9
4.00
3.53
Mn(kip.ft)
441.2
849.1
370.1
230.0
600.0
525.3
200.5
535.2
0.0161
0.0149
0.0142
0.0142
0.0162
0.0135
0.0171
0.0063
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
b (in.)
d (in.)
As (in.2)
max<<min
Problem 3.2:
Variables
No.a
b (in.)
15
d (in.)
22.5
8#9
As (in.2)
8.00
2#9
As(in.2)
2.0
0.0237
0.0059
0.0178
-
k
0.0172
a (in.)
7.06
692.2
Mn
A
B
C
c
a
fs
C1
C2
As1
1
1max
Mn
No.b
17
24.5
8#10
10.08
2#10
2.54
0.0242
0.0061
0.0181
0.0158
7.83
950
No.c
13
22
7#9
7.00
3#7
1.8
0.0245
0.0063
0.0182
0.0176
7.06
590.2
No.d
10
21.5
4#10
5.08
2#7
1.2
0.0236
0.0056
0.0180
0.0180
6.85
418.2
No.e
14
20.5
6#10
7.62
2#10
2.54
0.0266
0.0089
0.0177
0.0189
No.f
16
20.5
9#9
9.00
4#9
4.0
0.0274
0.0122
0.0152
0.0189
No.g
20
18
12#9
12.00
6#9
6.0
0.0333
0.0167
0.0167
0.0216
No.h
18
20.5
8#10
10.16
4#10
5.08
0.0275
0.0138
0.0137
0.0189
40.46
-244.9
-552.45
7.8
6.63
59.1
315.7
141.5
5.26
0.0183
Yes
597.9
46.24
-205.6
-870
7.097
6.033
56.36
328.2
211.8
5.47
0.0167
Yes
716.3
57.8
-218.4
-1305
7.0
5.95
55.94
504.8
315.2
6.75
0.0187
Yes
822.5
52.02
-184.9
-1104.9
6.7
5.72
54.54
348.84
259.8
5.814
0.0158
Yes
812.2
Problem 3.3:
DIM.
b (in.)
bw (in.)
t (in.)
d (in.)
As (in.2)
a (in.)
Rect. or T
Mn (kip.ft)
Asmin< As < Asmax
Asf (in.2)
a (in.)
Mn (kip.ft)
Asmin< As < Asmax
Problem 3.4:
DIM.
fc
fy
b
d
As
(in.2)
(mm2)
1
No.a
No.b
No.c
No.d
.No.e
No.f
No.g
No.h
54
14
3
17.5
4#10
5.08
2.213
R
374.7
Yes
48
14
4
16.5
4#9
4.00
1.961
R
279.4
Yes
72
16
4
18.5
8#10
10.16
3.32
R
769.9
Yes
32
16
3
15.5
6#9
6.00
4.41
T
44
12
4
20.5
8#9
8.00
4.27
T
50
14
3
16.5
7#9
7.00
3.29
T
40
16
3
16.5
5#10
6.35
3.74
T
42
12
3
17.5
6#9
6.00
3.36
T
2.04
4.94
293.4
No
5.44
5.02
660.1
Yes
4.59
4.05
466.8
Yes
3.06
4.84
415
Yes
3.83
4.25
425.9
Yes
No.a
3 ksi
40 ksi
12 in.
20 in.
4#8
No.b
4 ksi
60 ksi
12 in.
20 in.
4#7
No.c
4 ksi
75 ksi
12 in.
20 in.
4#9
No.d
5 ksi
60 ksi
12 in.
20 in.
4#9
No.e
30 MPa
400 MPa
300 mm
500 mm
3*30 mm
No.f
20 MPa
300 MPa
300 mm
500 mm
3*25 mm
No.g
30 MPa
500 MPa
300 mm
500 mm
4*25 mm
No.h
25 MPa
300 MPa
300 mm
500 mm
4*20 mm
3.14
0.85
2.41
0.85
0.028
5
0.018
1
0.821
ksi
0.010
0
0.494
2 ksi
0.177
2
0.319
4
Yes
4.00
0.85
4.00
0.8
2121mm2
0.85
1473
0.85
1963
0.85
1257
0.85
0.0207
0.0335
0.0325
0.0321
0.0236
0.04
0.0145
0.0212
0.0203
0.01805
0.0162
0.0225
0.822
ksi
0.973
ksi
6.14
MPa
4.11
MPa
6.13
MPa
5.11
MPa
0.0167
0.0167
0.01414
0.00982
0.01309
0.0084
0.9182
ksi
0.7941
ksi
4.52
MPa
2.42
MPa
5.13
MPa
2.13
MPa
0.3676
0.2353
0.2218
0.1732
0.2567
0.118
0.3199
0.2993
0.3184
0.3194
0.3176
0.3176
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
0.037
max
0.020
Rumax
0.614
ksi
0.013
Ru
0.4227
ksi
a/d ratio
0.205
(a/d) max
0.318
min<<max
Yes
Problem 3.5:
3.5a:
As = 1256.6mm2 = 1.946 in.2 ; = 0.00914 =0.0089 ; Ru = 3.6 MPa ; Mn = 272.3 kN.m
=172.15 kip-ft.
b = 0.02024 ; max = 0.6375b = 0.0129
Ok
3.5b:
As = 1472 mm2 ; = 0.0107 ; Ru = 3.51 MPa ; Mn = 265.4 kN.m
b = 0.02024 ; max = 0.6375b = 0.0129
< max
Ok
3.5c:
As = 2827 mm2
= 0.02056 ; max = 0.0129 < ; N.G. , Section does not meet ACI code, reduce steel.
Ru(max) = 4.1 MPa ; Mn = 310 kN.m
3.5d:
= 0.0091 ; b = 0.0214 ; max = 0.01356 ; min < < max
Ok
Ru = 0.439 ksi ; Mn = 177 kip.ft
3.5e:
= 0.02727 ; max = 0.01356 < ; N.G. , Section does not meet ACI code, reduce steel.
Ru(max) = 0.615 ksi ; Mn = 248.1 kip.ft
Problem 3.6:
y = 0.00172 > s = 0.0015
This section is over- reinforced.
cb = 11.44 in.; ab = 9.725 in. ; Asb = 3.97 in.2
c = 12 in. ; a = 10.2 in. ; fs = Ess = 43.5 ksi ; As = 4.783 in.2 ; Mn = 145.4 kip.ft
max = 0.01628 ; As max = 2.34 in.2 ; a = 5.74 in. ; (max) Mn = 132.8 kip.ft
(max) Mn allowed by ACI code is less than Mn of the section = 145.4 kip.ft
= 0.014 < max ; As = 2.016 ; a = 4.941 in. ; Mn = 117.4 kip.ft
Problem 3.7:
a = 7.706 in.; Mn = 356.3 kip.ft ; Wl = 3.94 k/ft
Problem 3.8:
a = 5.537 in. ; Mn = 230.1 kip.ft ; Pl = 17.6 k
Problem 3.9:
3.9a:
(1) At balanced condition: cb = 11.834 in. ; ab = 10.059 in. ; Asb = 5.48 in.2
Asmax = 0.63375Asb = 3.473 in.2 ; As < Asmax
(2) T = 188.4 kip; a = 6.618 in. ; C1= 81.6 kip ; C2= 106.8 kip; Mn = 227.83 kip.ft
3.9b:
(1) At balanced condition: cb = 9.467 in. ; ab = 8.047 in. ; Asb = 3.89 in.2
Asmax = 2.465 in.2 ; As > Asmax , N.G. ; Section does not meet ACI code, reduce steel.
(2) Use As = As max = 2.465 in.2 ; T = 147.9 kip; a = 5.96 in. ; C1= 68 kip; C2= 79.97 kip
Mn = 137.5 kip.ft
Problem 3.10
3.10a:
= 0.011157 ; = 0.00556 ; - = 0.005597 < max = 0.0203
- < k = 0.0139, Compression steel doesnt yield.
c = 3.07 in. ; a = 1c = 6.61 in. ; fs= 16.15 ksi fy
C1 = 79.85 k ; C2 = 16.32 k ; As1 = 1.996 in.2 ; 1 = 0.009242 < max ; Mn = 119 kip.ft
3.10b:
= 0.0223 ; = 0.00556 ; - = 0.0167 > k = 0.0139, Compression steel yields.
- < max = 0.0203 ; Ok ; a = 4.73 in. ; Mn = 225.6 kip.ft
Problem 3.11:
(1) At balanced condition: cb = 13.02 in. ; ab = 11.07 in.
fs = 70.3 > 60 ; Compression steel yields, fs = 60 ksi
C1 = 451.66 k ; C2 = 79.2 k ; T = 530.86 k ; As1b = 7.53 in.2
As max = 0.63375As1b + As= 6.09 in.2
(2) = 0.02307 ; = 0.005 ; - = 0.01807 > k, Compression steel yields.
- = max ; Ok ; a = 7.01 in. ; Mn = 512.8 kip.ft ; Wl = 8.516 k/ft
Problem 3.12:
= 0.01805 ; = 0.0031 ; - = 0.015 < max = 0.01806
- < k = 0.0194 , Compression steel doesnt yield.
c = 6.44 in. ; a = 5.47 in. ; fs= 53.23 ksi < fy
C1 = 186 k ; C2 = 30.4 k ; As1 = 3.1 in.2; 1 = 0.0155 < max ; Mn = 280.7 kip.ft
WD = 2.208 k/ft ; WL = 1.25 k /ft ; Mu = 232.5 kip.ft ; the section is adequate.
Problem 3.13:
(1) be = 54 in.
(2) a = 0.98 in. < t ; Rectangular Section
(3) Mn = 236.4 kip.ft ; Asmin = 0.6 in2 < As< Asmax = 13.23 in.2
Problem 3.14:
(1) a = 3.69 in. > t ; T section ; Asmax = 4.99 in.2 > As
(2) Asf = 2.55 in.2 ; a = 5.08 in. ; Mn = 339.6 kip.ft
Ok
Ok
Problem 3.15:
a = 3.69 in. > t, T-section, Asf = 2.55 in.2, Asw = 2.16 in.2, As(max) = 5.80 in.2,
a = 5.08 in., Mu = 466.78 kip-ft
Problem 3.16:
Same analysis and answer as 3.14
CHAPTER 4
DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS
Problem 4.1:
Variables
Mu (kip.ft)
No.a No.b
No.c
No.d
No.e
No.f
No.g
No.h
272.7 969.2
816
657
559.4
254.5
451.4
832
b (in.)
12
18
16
16
14
10
14
18
d (in.)
21.5
32
29.52
26.5
24.5
21.5
21.75
28
589.9 631
780
700
799
660.7
818
708
1.168 1.206
1.7
1.5
1.75
1.115
1.8
1.27
Ru psi
(%)
AS (in.2)
3.013 6.947 8.029
6.36
6.0
2.39
5.48
6.42
Bars
rows
h (in.)
5#7
One
24
7#10
two
32
5#10
one
29
6#9
two
28
6#6
one
24
6#9
two
25
8#9
two
32
7#9
two
36
Variables
No.i
No.j
No.k
No.l
Mu (kip.ft)
345
510
720
605
b (in.)
15
12
12
16
d (in.)
18.5
24.9
29.67
23.6
1.77
1.81
1.8
1.8
AS (in.)2
4.91
5.4
6.4
6.8
Bars
rows
5#9
one
6#9
two
5#10
two
7#9
two
h (in.)
21
29
33
28
(%)
Problem 4.2:
Assume c/dt = 0.375 for fy = 60 ksi (all problem)
dt = (d + 1) in. for 2 rows of bars; d = 2.5 in.
Variables
Prob. Prob. Prob. Prob. Prob. Prob. Prob. Prob. Prob.

No.a No.b No.c No.d No.e No.f No.g No.h No.i
Prob.
No.j
Prob.
No.k
Prob.
No.l
Mu (kip.ft)
554
790
448
520
765
855
555
300
400
280
290
400
b (in.)
14
16
12
12
16
18
16
12
16
12
14
14
d (in.)
20.5
24.5
18.5
20.5
20.5
22
18.5
16.5
16.5
16.5
14.5
17.5
c (in.)
8.39
9.156
6.91
7.66
7.66
8.22
3.258 6.166 6.166 6.187
5.41
6.54
a (in.)
7.13
7.78
5.87
6.511 6.512 6.988 2.769
4.606
5.56
Mu1 (kip.ft) 402
656.3 280.6 344.6 459.5 595.3 374.2 223.2 297.7 223.2 201.1
293.0
Mu2 (kip.ft) 152
133.7 167.4 175.4 305.5 259.7 180.8 76.76 102.3 56.76 88.86 107.02
As1 (in. )
5.24
5.241
5.26
5.44
7.37
3.996 4.428 5.904 7.128 5.328 3.564
4.75
3.576 3.654
4.41
1.68
1.13
2.324 2.165
3.77
1.62
1.35
1.645
1.585
As (in. )
7.12
8.50
6.38
6.66
9.674 10.09 7.839 4.784 6.376 4.925 5.299
5.995
fs (ksi)
60
60
55.52
58.6
58.6
60
46.8
53.74
As (in.2)
1.68
1.35
2.51
2.22
3.862
2.96
7.44
1.413
1.88 1.0425 2.12
1.77
Tension
bars
Rows
6#10
2#8
2#10
2#10
9#6
10#5
6#10
5#5
10#4
2#7
7#5
4#6
Two
Two
Two
Two
Two
Two
Two
Two
Two
Two
Two
Two
Comp. bars 1#9
2#7
2#10
2#9
4#9
3#9
3#8
2#9
2#8
2#6
2#9
2#8
28
22
24
24
26
22
20
20
20
18
21
As2 (in. )
2
h (in.)
24
2.959 2.511
1.22
20.24 51.73 51.73 51.84
Problems 4.3:
DIM.
No.a
No.b
No.c
No.d
No.e
No.f
No.g
No.h
Mu (ft)
394
800
250
327
577
559
388
380
b (in.)
48
60
44
50
54
48
44
46
bw (in.)
14
16
15
14
16
14
12
14
t (in.)
d (in.)
18.5
19.5
15
13
18.5
17.5
16
15
Mn(kip.ft)
468.2
803.3
340.8
329.9
681.6
569.2
366
356.3
R or T
Ru (psi)
288
421
303
464
375
456
0.0063
0.769
0.646
0.558
0.76
0.804
AS (in. )
5.577
9.006
4.264
3.631
7.59
6.754
Bars
rows
10#7
two
4#14
one
4#9
one
12#5
two
6#10
two
3#14
one
6#9
two
5#10
two
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Cf (k)
244.8
244.8
ASf (in.2)
4.08
4.08
Muf (ft)
266.2
247.9
Muw (ft)
121.8
132.1
Ru (web) (psi)
476
503
w(%)
1.0
1.07
ASw (in.2)
1.92
2.25
AS (in.2)
6.0
6.33
(%)
2
c/dt 0.375
AS (max) (in.2)
7.85
11.7
6.75
7.06
10.50
9.10
6.68
6.93
h (in.)
21
23
18
18
22
21
20
19
Problems 4.3: (continued)
DIM.
No.i
No .j
No.k
No.l
No.m
No.n
No.o
No.p
Mu (ft)
537
515
361
405
378
440
567
507
b (in.)
60
54
44
50
44
36
48
46
bw (in.)
16
16
15
14
16
16
12
14
t (in.)
d (in.)
16.5
17.5
15
15.5
13.5
18
22.5
18
Mn(kip.ft
)
R or_T
516.4
495.7
340.8
401.6
452
5#10
one
280
6#9
two
7#9
two
Ru (psi)
Bars
rows
8#9
two
6#10
two
6#9
two
7#9
two
379
6#9
two
c/dt 0.375
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Cf (k)
336.6
290.7
221.9
275.4
ASf (in.2)
5.61
4.85
3.7
4.59
Muf (ft)
378.7
348.8
224.6
289.2
Muw (ft)
158.3
166.2
136.44
115.8
Ru (web) (psi)
436.12
407
485
413
w (%)
0.9
0.84
1.02
0.85
ASw (in.2)
2.38
2.35
2.3
1.84
AS (in.2)
7.99
7.2
6.0
6.43
AS (max) (in.2)
9.19
8.64
6.75
7.53
6.49
7.30
8.25
3.58
h (in.)
20
21
19
19
20
21
26
22
Problem 4.4:
(a) = max , d = 18.4 in. ; AS = 3.31 in.2 ; Use 4#9 bars (two rows. AS = 4.0 in.2);
h = 22 in. ; a = 5.84 in.; c = 6.87 in.; dt = 19.5 in. => c / dt =0.352 < 0.375 ; OK
(b) =0.016, d = 19.4 in. ; AS = 3.1 in.2 ; Use 4#8 bars (two rows. AS = 3.16 in.2);
(c) = 0.012, d = 21.9 in. ; AS = 2.63 in.2 ; Use 3#9 bars (AS = 3 in.2);
Problem 4.5:
Ru = 465 psi; =0.0146; As = 3.5 in.2; Use 3# 10 bars (As = 3.79 in.2)
Problem 4.6:
= 0.0094 ; Ru = 465 psi ; As = 2.27 in.2 ; Use 2#10 bars (AS = 2.53 in.2)
Problem 4.7:
Assume a total depth = L / 15 = 2012 / 15 =16 in.
Mu = 132 kip.ft
(a) Using max = 0.01806, Ru (max) = 820 psi ; d = 12.7 in. ; AS = 2.75 in.2 ; Use 3#9;
h =16 in. ; min < = max , t = 0.005
(b) Using s = 0.014, Ru = 662 psi ; d = 14.2 in. ; AS = 2.38 in.2 ; Use 4#7 bars (As = 2.41 in.2).
h= 17 in. ; min < < max , t > 0.005 OK
Problem 4.8:
Case 1:
(1) D.L. on ABC, L.L. on AB for maximum positive B.M. ; U = 4.84 k/ft
(2) Positive ultimate B.M. = 305.15 kip.ft; Let =0.015, Ru = 700 psi, d = 20.88 in.
(3) AS = 3.76 in.2 ; use 4#9 bars in. one row.; bmin= 11.625 in.< 12 in. ; h = 24 in.
Case 2:
D.L. on ABC, L.L. on BC only for maximum negative B.M.
d = 21.5 in. ; Mu = 154.88 kip.ft ; Ru = 335 psi
= 0.00674; min < < max , t > 0.005 ; AS = 1.74 in.2 ; Use 2#9 bars or 3#7
Problem 4.9:
Mu = 317 kip.ft ; Ru = 622 psi, min < < max , t > 0.005 ; d = 20.27 in.
AS= 3.97 in.2 ; Use 4#9 bars (AS = 4.0 in.2) in one row. ; h = 23 in.
Problem 4.10:
Mu = 151.6 kip.ft ; Ru = 476 psi, min < < max , t > 0.005
; d = 17.8 in.
AS= 3.2 in.2 ; Use 3#10 bars (AS = 3.79 in.2) in one row. ; h = 21 in.
Problem 4.11:
Mn = Rumaxbd2 = 222 kip.ft < Mu ; Compression steel is needed.
Mu1 = 222 kip.ft ; Mu2 = 68 kip.ft ; AS1= 3.10 in.2 ; AS2 = 0.92 in.2 ; AS = 4.02 i n . 2 ; Use 4 # 9
a = 6.08 in. ; c = 7.15 in.; dt = 20.5 in.; t =0.0056 > 0.005;
OK
A S' = 0.98 in.2 ; AS(max)= 5.27 in2 > As = 4.02 in2 ; h = 23 in.
OK.
Problem 4.12:
a)d = 22.5 in. and AS = 3.05 in.2 ;Use 3#9 bars in one row (AS = 3.0 in.2) ; h =26 in.
Mu = 269.6 kip.ft; a = 7.06 in.; c = 8.3 in.; dt = 23.5 in.; t =0.0055>0.005;
b) Mu1 = 195 kip.ft, M u 2 = 65 kip.ft
For Mu1 = 195 kip.ft ; d = 19.5 in. and AS1 = 2.64 in.2 ;Let h = 23 in. and d = 2.5 in.
For M u 2 = 65 kip.ft ; As= AS2 = 0.85 in.2 ; AS = 3.49 i n . 2 Use 5 # 8
c) Mu = 260 kip.ft
1) For two rows of steel h = 26 in., d =22.5 in. and dt = 23.5 in.
2) Section behaves as a T-section.
ASf = 1.28 in.2 ; M u2 = 120.5 kip.ft ; Mu1 = 139.5 kip.ft ; AS1 = 1.53 in.2
AS(max)= 4.33 in.2 > Total As = 2.81 in.2 ; OK ; Choose 3#9 bars, (A S = 3.0 in.2)
Problem 4.13:
d = 19.8 in.; As = 6.8 in.2 ; Use 7#9 bars (two rows. AS = 7.0 in.2)
if d = 22 in. is used; a=3.53 in. < 4 in. ; h = 26 in.
AS(min.) = 0.86 in.2 < AS < AS(max) = 7.78 in.2
OK
Problem 4.14:
Ultimate load W = 7.9 k/ft
MB (maximum negative) = -395 kip.ft
M Dmax = 270.8 kip.ft
b) Mn = 344.6 kip.ft < Mu Compression steel is needed.
AS = 5.04 i n . 2
Use 7 # 8 (two rows)
A S' = 0.64 in.2 ; AS1 = 3.12 in.2 ;Use 4#8 bars in one row, (A S = 3.16 in.2)
Problem 4.15:
a) W = 8.56 k/ft ; H A = H D = 34.24 k ; R A = R D = 154.08 k
M B = M C = - 616.32 kip.ft ; MBC (midspan) = 770.4 kip.ft
Design beam BC for positive moment,
AS = 8.86 in.2 Use 9#9 bars (two rows, As = 9.0 in.2)
ASmax = 26.65 in.2 ; AS(min.)= mi n b w d = 1 . 0 9 in.2
AS(min.) < AS < AS(max)
OK
Design beam BC for negative moment,
Mu =616.32 kip.ft
Compression steel is needed.
AS = 7.93 in.2 Use 8 # 9 in two rows, (A S = 8 in.2)
A S' = 1.99 in.2
Use 2 # 9 in one row, (A S = 2 in.2)
CHAPTER 5
SHEAR AND DIAGONAL TENSION
Problem 5.1:
a) Use #3 stirrups spaced at 8.5 in.
b) Use #3 @ 5.0 in.
c) Use #4 @ 6.5 in.
Problem 5.2:
a) Use #3 @ 11.5 in.
b) Use #3 @11 in.
c) Use #3 @6.5 in.
Problem 5.3:
a) Use #3 @13.5 in.
b) Use #4 @ 7 in.
c) Use #4 @ 4.5 in.
Problem 5.4:
1. Vu = 83.25 kip; Vu @ d = 64.29 kip
2. Vc = 0.7535.93 = 26.95 kip < Vu @ d.; Vs = 49.79 kip < Vc1 ,
3. Use #3 @ 6 in.
4. Vs = 20.3 kip
X = 6.29 ft. = 75 in.
5. Distribution of stirrups
1st stirrup @ S/2 =3.0 in.
6 stirrup @6 in. = 39 in. 39 in. > 38.9 in.
4 stirrup @10 in. = 44 in. 79 in. > 75 in.
Problem 5.5:
1. Wu = 7.2 k/ft; Vu = 64.8 kip; Vu @ d = 50.4 kip
2. Nominal shear provided by concrete
Vc = 23.66 kip < Vu @ d; Vs = 35.65 kip
3. Use #3 @ 7 in.
4. For Smax = 12 in., Vs = 13.2 in.
X at Vc/2 = 88 in.
5. Distribution of stirrups:
Use 1 stirrup @ 2.5 in.
6 stirrup @ 7.0 in. = 42 in. 45.5 > 41.07 in.
4 stirrup @ 12 in. = 48 in. 93.5 > 88.22 in.
Problem 5.6:
1. Vu at support = 82 kip, Vu @ d = 68.25 kip
2. Vc = 21.91 kip; Vs = 61.78 kip; Then S2 = d/2 = 8.25 in.
3. Use #3 stirrup @ 3.5 in.
4. For Smax = 4 in.; Vs = 34.04 kip; X = 72.77 in.
5. Distribution of stirrups:
1 stirrup@ 2 in. = 2 in.
8-stirrup @ 3.5 in. = 28 in. 30 in. > 26.7 in.
12-stirrup @ 4 in. = 48 in. 74.7 in.>72.77 in.
Problem 5.7:
1. Mu = 168.5 kip-ft ; Use d = 18.6 in.
As = 2.33 in2; Use 3 #9, As = 3.0 in2 and h = 21.5 in.
2. Design for shear Vu = 51.02 kip; Vu @ d = 46.27 kip; Vc = 18.75 kip; Vs = 36.69 kip
3. Use #3 @ 5.5 in.
4. Vu = 13.2 kip < Vc = 17.25 kip but > Vc/2 = 8.63 kip, Vs = 0
Therefore, use #3 stirrup, 2 legs, at maximum spacing of 6.5 in.; X (at Vc/2) = 72.47 in.
5. Distribution of stirrups (from A):
1st stirrup @ S/2 = 3.0 in.
6 stirrup @ 6.5 in. = 39 in. 42 in. > 36 in.
4 stirrup @ 9.5 in. = 38 in. 80.0 in. > 72.47 in.
Problem 5.8:
1. Mu = 91.5 kip-ft; Use d = 12 in.; Use 2 #9, As = 2 in2 and h = 14.5 in. (15 in.)
2. Wu = 5.5 k/ft; Vu = 30.25 kip, Vu @ d = 24.75 kip; Vc = 13.15 kip ; Vs = 19.9 kip
Therefore, use Smax = 6.0 in. all over with first stirrup at 3 in. from the face of the support.
Problem 5.9:
1. Use #3 stirrups, 2 legs, Av = 0.22 in2; let S = S3 = 11 in.
2. h = 37.9 in., say 38 in., d = 35.5 in.
Use 16 38 in. section, with #3 stirrups @ 11 in.
3. Vc = 53.89 kip, Vs = 21.4 kip
Problem 5.10:
1. Wu = 7.2 k/ft; Vu = 64.8 kip; Vu @ d = 50.4 kip
2. Vc = 23.66 kip < Vu @ d; Vs = 35.65 kip
Use stirrup #3, Av = 0.22 in.2; s = 8.5 in.
3. Use #3 @ 8.5 in.
4. For Smax =12 in.; Vs = 19.8 kip; X = 88 in. at Vc /2
5. Distribution of stirrup:
1st stirrup @ 4 in. = 4.0 in.
4 stirrup @ 8.5 in. = 38 in. 42 in. > 35.5 in.
5 stirrup @ 12 in. = 48 in. 90 in. > 88 in.
Problem 5.11:
1. Vu at support = 66 kip; Vu @C.L. = 12 kip; Vu @ d = 55.4 kip
2. Vc = 21.91 kip, Vs = 54.65 kip
3. Use #4 Stirrups; Smax = 4 in. (Controls)
4. Vs = 27.2 kip. for Smax = 8 in.; X1 = 28 in.
5. Distribution of stirrup:
Use 1-stirrup @ 2 in. = 2 in.
17-stirrup @ 4 in. = 68 in. 70 in. > 70 in.
Problem 5.12:
1. Mmax = 1296 kip-in.; As = 2.22 in.2
Use 3 #8, As = 2.35 in.2 ; Use h = 15.5 in., d = 13 in.
2. Check at 2 ft from support: W2 = 6.22 k/ft, Mu= 609.8 kip-in.; As = 2.08 in.2, use 3 #8
3. ld = 48 in. = 4 ft from the support.
4. a) At support: Vu = 288 psi
b) At free end Vu = 0
c) Max d = 13 in., for d = 12.5 in.; Vu = 240 psi
d) At midspan Vu = 97 psi
e) Vus = 161.5 psi
f) Choose #3 stirrup@ 5 in.
g) Distribution of stirrups from the support
first stirrup at 2 in. = 2 in
21-stirrup at 5.0 in. = 105 in
Total = 107 in. < 108 in.
CHAPTER 6
DEFLECTION AND CONTROL OF CRACKING
Problem 6.1(a)-6.1(f):
Description
Prob. (a)
Prob. (b)
Prob. (c)
Prob. (d)
Prob. (e)
Prob. (f)
b (in.)
14
20
12
18
16
14
d (in.)
17.5
27.5
19.5
20.5
22.5
20.5
h (in.)
20
30
23
24
26
24
As (in2)
7.59
4.71
7.59
9.37
As (in2)
2.53
Wd (kip/ft)
2.2
3.8
Wl (kip/ft)
1.8
3.6
1.5
3.2
2.8
Pd (kip)
12
Pl (kip)
10
Ig (in.4)
9333.3
45000
12167
20736
23434.7
16128
x (in.)
7.543
10.238
8.363
Icr (in.4)
5968.5
25247.2
7013.2
x (in.)
8.475
10.017
9.377
Icr (in.4)
12932.3
18042
12427.9
Mcr ( kip-ft)
36.89
118.59
41.82
68.31
71.26
53.13
Ma ( kip-ft)
200
530
225
400
520
400
Ie (in.4)
5989.6
25468.5
7046.3
12971.1
18055.8
12436.6
I (in.)
0.667
0.416
0.638
0.616
0.551
0.62
1.57
1.48
1.48
I (in.)
0.397
0.289
0.447
0.478
0.352
0.384
a (in.)
0.794
0.577
0.893
0.751
0.521
0.568
T = I + a (in.)
1.46
0.99
1.53
1.37
1.07
1.19
18
Problem 6.2(a)-6.2(d):
Description
Prob. (a)
Prob. (b)
Prob. (c)
Prob. (d)
b (in.)
15
18
12
14
d (in.)
20.5
22.5
19.5
20.5
h (in.)
24
26
23
24
As (in.2)
7.59
6.28
As (in.2)
1.57
Wd (kip/ft)
3.5
2.4
Wl (kip/ft)
1.5
1.6
1.1
Pd (kip)
7.4
5.5
Pl (kip)
Ig (in.4)
17280
26364
12167
16128
x (in.)
9.175
9.401
8.822
9.377
12693.9
1540.3
8914
12427.9
x (in.)
Icr (in.4)
Mcr ( kip-ft)
56.92
80.16
41.82
53.13
Ma ( kip-ft)
396
381
288
393
Ie (in.4)
12707.5
15505.9
8923.9
12437.1
I (in.)
0.538
0.457
0.558
0.577
1.51
1.5
1.48
I (in.)
0.342
0.29
0.33
0.42
a (in.)
0.516
0.58
0.5
0.63
T = I + a (in.)
1.05
1.042
1.06
1.203
Icr (in.4)
19
Problem 6.3:
1) d = 23.27 in. ; As = 5.0 in.2use 5 #9 ; say h = 27 in.
2) Ig = 19683 in.4; Ma = 3916 kip.in. ; Mcr = 691.1 kip.in.
I cr = 11268 in.4 ; I e = 11217 in.4 < I g

= 1.12 in.
Problem 6.4:
1) Mu = 444 kip.ft
d = 20.82 in. ; Total As = 5.57 in.2 Use 6 #9, As = 6.0 in.2
Compression steel, fs = 59 ksi
h = 24.32 in., say 25 in. ; d = 21.5 in. ; For comp. steel, use 2 #7, As = 1.2 in.2
2) Ig = 15625 in.4; Ma = 3916 kip.in. ; Mcr = 592.93 kip.in.
I cr = 10750 in.4 ; I e = 10767in.4 < I g

= 1.17 in.
Additional long-term deflection = 1.29 in.

Total deflection = 2.46 in.
Problem 6.5:
a) S = 10.31 in. less than 12 in.; provided spacing = 3.5 in., OK.
W=0.0121 in.
b) W = 0.011 in.
c) W = 0.0103 in.
d) W = 0.011 in.
Problem 6.6:
As (min.) = 0.126 in2 /ft/side.; Max. spacing = 6.75 in., say 6.5 in.
As/side = (0.12640.5) / (212) = 0.212 in.2 ; Choose 3 #3 bars each side.
20
CHAPTER 7
DEVELOPMENT LENGTH OF REINFORCING BARS
Problems 7.1(a) - 7.1(j):
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
fc(ksi)
fy (ksi)
60
60
60
40
60
60
60
40
60
60
Bar No.
10
11
db (in.)
0.625
0.75
0.875
1.0
1.128
1.27
1.41
1.128
1.0
0.75
Clear
Cover (in.)
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.5
1.5
2.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
1.5
Clear
Spacing (in.)
2.25
2.5
2.13
2.3
1.5
2.5
3.0
1.5
1.75
1.65
Cond. met
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.3
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.3
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.0
1.5
1.0
0.75
1.0
0.75
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
t e 1.7
28
38
56
64
81
54
60
93
48
49
fc '
<100
ld (in.)
Problem 7.2:
(a): ldc = 21.9 in. 18 in.; Use ld = 22 in.
(b): ldc = 21.4 in. 20.3 in.; Use ld = 22 in.
(c): ldc = 16.06 in. 15.24 in.,use ld = 17 in.
(d): ldc = 23.93 in. 25.38 in., ld = 0.8(25.38) = 20.3 in., use 21 in.
(e): ldc = 13.55 in. 15.75 in., ld = 0.9(15.75) = 14.12 in., use 15 in.
(f): ldc = 19.1 in. 20.25 in., ld = 0.75(20.25) = 15.2 in., use 16 in.
21
Problem 7.3:
a) ld = 69.56 in., use 70 in.
b) Bars with 90 hook, db = 1.128 in.; lhb = 21.4 in. Use 22 in.
c) Bars with 180 hook, db = 1.128 in.; lhb = 22 in.
Problem 7.4:
a) ld = 0.875(61.66) = 53.96 in., use 54 in.
b) Bars with 90 hook, db = 0.875 in.; lhb = 16.6 in. Use 17 in. > 8 db
c) Bars with 180 hook, db = 1.128 in.; Basic lhb = 17 in. > 8 db
Problem 7.5:
a) ld = 1.128(47.47) = 53.54 in., use 54 in.
c) Bars with 180 hook, db = 1.128 in.; Basic lhb = 17 in.
Problem 7.6:
a) ld = 1.27(61.66) = 78.3 in., use 79 in.
c) Bars with 180 hook, db = 1.27 in.; Basic lhb = 24 in.
Problem 7.7:
a) When 50% of bars are spliced; ld = 80.3 in., use 81 in., lst = ldc = 81 in. Class A splice.
b) When 75% of bars are spliced; Class B splice, lst = 104.3 in., use 105 in.
c) All bars are spliced, Rs = 2.0, Class B splice, lst = 105 in.
d) When all bars are spliced, Rs = 1.3, Class B splice, lst = 105 in.
Problem 7.8:
a) When 50% of bars are spliced, ld = 92.7 in., use 93 in. Class A splice, lst = ldc = 93 in.
b) When 75% of bars are spliced; Class B splice, ld = 93 in., lst = 121 in.
c) All bars are spliced, Rs = 2.0, Class B splice, lst = 121 in.
d) When all bars are spliced, Rs = 1.3, Class B splice, lst = 121 in.> 12 in.
Problem 7.9:
ldc = 19.14 in. 3.84 in. ; Use lsc = ldc = 34 in. Controls
Problem 7.10:
ldc = 23.9 in. 42.3 in. ; Use lsc = ldc = 43 in. Controls
Problem 7.11:
ldc = 25.52 in. 54.14 in; lsc = 54.14 in., use lsc = 55 in. Controls
Problem 7.12:
ldc = 21.4 in. 33.84 in.; Use lsc = 34 in. Controls
22
Problem 7.13:
1) Let d = 18 in; Development length of X1 = 62 in.
2) X2 = 18 in.
3) 4#8 bars are extended beyond point of inflection. Total length = 66 in.
4) X3 = 18 in.
5) X4 = 4 ft = 48 in.
6) X5 = 19 in.
7) X6 = 6 ft = 48 in. ; X7 = 18 in.
Problem 7.14:
As max = 3.9 in.2 Use 5#8 bars in two rows, (As = 3.93 in.2)
Use h = 22 in. total length; Actual d = 18.5 in.
Mur (one bar) = 663 kip.in. = 55.3kip.ft
Extend bars 1 and 2 20 ft, 1/3 of total bars, which meets code requirement.
Length of bar 3 = 21.5 ft, i.e. span length = 20 ft
Length of bar 4 = 17.8 ft
Length of bar 5 = 15.1 ft (for #8 bars, ld = 48 in.)
Problem 7.15:
d = 33.6 in.; As = 4.314 in.2 Use 6#8 bars in two rows, (As = 4.72 in.2)
Use h = 38 in.; Actual d = 34.5 in.
Mur (one bar) = 107.6kip.ft; For 6 bars, Mu = 645kip.ft
Length of bar # 1 = 7.5 + 3 = 10.5 ft
Length of bar # 2 = 5.5 + 3 = 8.5 ft
Length of bar # 3 = 3.75 + 3 = 6.75 ft
ldh = 22 in.
ld = 55 in., For top bars, ld = 1.3(55) = 71.5 in., or 72 in. = 6 ft
Problem 7.16:
1) Maximum positive moment M u = 574kip.ft
Maximum negative moment M u = 435.2kip.ft
2) Section at B:
d = 23.04 in.; As max = 4.99 in.2 Use 5#9 bars in two rows, (As = 5 in.2)
h = 26.54 ; use 27 in. total length; Actual d = 23.5 in.
Mur (one bar) = 88.9 kip.ft/ bar; For 5 bars, Mu = 444 kip.ft
3) Section within AB, (positive moment):
Mu = 574 > 44, need compression steel
Use 2 # 9 bars; As = 2.0 in.2
Use 7 # 9 bars; As = 7.0 in.2
Actual Mu = 633.4 kip.ft
4) ld (bottom bars) = 70 in. = X1
ld (top bars) = 54 in. = X2
23
CHAPTER 8
Design of deep Beams by the Strut-and-Tie Method
Problems 8.1
Problem 8.2
24
Problem 8.3
Member
Length
Identification
In.
AB
25.1
BC
26.9
CD
56.0
DE
26.9
EF
25.1
AF
136.0
BE
92.0
25
P
Kip
-334.1
-215.3
-144.0
-215.3
-334.1
293.3
-149.3
CHAPTER 9
ONE-WAY SLABS
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
fc (ksi)
h (in.)
5.5
7.5
d (in.)
4.9
5.9
6.75
4.44
4.8
6.38
6.75
3.94
4.94
As (in2)
0.39
0.46
0.59
0.78
0.37
0.6
0.88
0.79
0.37
0.46
a (in.)
0.76
0.91
1.16
1.53
0.78
1.17
1.72
1.55
0.73
0.90
Mn
(kip.ft)
8.03
9.3
11.46
14.51
7.55
11.65
16.0
14.66
7.55
9.21

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
fc (ksi)
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
5.0
5.0
Mu (kip.ft)
5.4
13.8
24.4
8.1
22.6
13.9
13.0
11.2
20.0
10.6
h (in.)
6.0
7.5
9.0
5.0
7.5
8.5
6.0
7.5
9.0
6.0
d (in.)
4.9
6.375
6.7
3.87
6.3
7.375
4.875
4.5
7.8
4.875
(%)
0.43
0.685
0.85
1.11
1.18
0.495
1.10
0.51
0.637
0.9
As (in2)
0.252
0.524
0.95
0.526
0.89
0.438
0.67
0.64
0.59
0.52
Bars No.
Spacing (in.)
10
12
7.5
5.5
12
10
As (Tran)*
0.13
0.162
0.194
0.108
0.162
0.184
0.13
0.162
0.168
0.13
Bars No.
10
10
Spacing (in.)
10
8
12
12
8
* Transverse bars (shrinkage and temperature steel).
26
Problem 9.3:
1. M(D.L) = 9.2 kip.ft; = 0.015
2. Mu = 24.25 kip.ft; W L = 0.258 kip/ft = 258 psf
Problem 9.4:
1. M u = 170.2 kip.ft
2. d = 8 in.; A s = 1.44 in. 2 ;Use #7 bars spaced at 5 in.
3. V u at support = 5.24 kip. ; V u at distance d = 5.09K.
4. Minimum d for deflection checking = L / 10 = 12 in.
h used = 10 in. < 12 in., therefore deflection should be checked.
5. Use #3 bars spaced at 6 in. (As = 0.22 in. 2 ) for shear
Problem 9.5:
1. Mu = 6.41 kip.ft /ft; Let d = 5 in.
2. A s = 0.36 in. 2 ;Use # 4 bars spaced at 6 in. (A s = 0.39 in. 2 )
3. Shrinkage reinforcement: A s = 0.144 in. 2 ;Use #3 bars spaced at 9 in. (A s = 0.15
in. 2 )
Problem 9.6:
1. M u (at support) = 42.2 kip.ft; A s = 1.44 in. 2
2. Check section at mid-span:
External M u = 18.55 kip.ft
Internal moment = Moment capacity = M u = 30.8 kip.ft
Use 10 in. depth at fixed end, 4 in. at free end and # 7 bars spaced at 5in. at the top of
slab.
Problem 9.7:
1. Minimum depth = L / 30 = 5.2 in
For interior spans, minimum depth = L/35 = 4.5 in.
Assume a uniform thickness of 5.0 in.
2. Mu = 5.81 kip.ft; U = 0.344 kip/ft .
3. Assume = 0.014 < max = 0.023; d = 3.6 in.
As = 0.60 in.2, choose #5 bars.
h = 4.66 in.; Use h = 5 in., d = 3.94 in.
4. Moments and As required at other locations:
Location
Moment
Mu
(See example 9.5)
Coeff.
kip.ft
A
- 1/24
2.42
B
+ 1/14
4.15
C
- 1/10
5.81
D
- 1/11
5.29
E
+ 1/16
3.63
5. Shear is adequate.
Ru
psi
187
320
448
408
280
27
As(in.2)
0.54
0.96
1.39
1.26
0.83
0.30
0.54
0.77
0.705
0.46
# 5 bars
Spaced at (in.)
12
7
5
5
8
Problem 9.8:
L/28 = 5.57 in., use 5 in. and check deflection, or use 5.5 in.
1. Mu = 5.81 kip.ft, Wu = 0.344 kip/ft, Use h = 5 in., and assume #4 bars.
Then d = 4.0 in.
2. Moments, As and bars.
Location
Moment
Coeff.
A
- 1/24
B
+ 1/14
C
- 1/10
D
- 1/11
E
+ 1/16
3. Shear is adequate.
Mu
kip.ft
1.43
2.45
3.43
3.12
2.14
Ru
psi
89
153
214
195
134
%
0.14
0.250
0.42
0.38
0.26
As(in. )
0.16
0.16
0.20
0.182
0.16
# 4 bars
spaced at (in.)
15
15
12
13
15
Problem 9.9:
1. Mu = 5.81 kip.ft; W u = 0.344 kip/ft
Use h = 5 in. and assume # 4 bars are used then d = 4.0 in.
2. Moments, A s , and bars.
Location
Mu
(See example 9.5)
kip.ft
3.
A
B
C
D
E
Shear is adequate.
2.42
4.15
5.81
5.29
3.63
Ru
Psi
As
(in. 2 )
#4 bars
spacing (in.)
151
259
363
331
227
0.33
0.50
0.73
0.66
0.45
0.16
0.24
0.36
0.33
0.22
12
9
6
6
10
Problem 9.10:
1.a. Design of slab: Assume top slab thickness = 2 in.
Own weight of slab = 25 psf; D.L. = 55 psf, W u = 226 psf
1.a M u = 1.41 kip.in.
1.b. Assuming that moment is resisted by plain concrete only,
M = 1.42 kip.in. > Applied moment of 1.41kip.in.
1.c. Shrinkage reinforcement, A s = 0.0432 in. 2
Use #3 bars spaced at 12 in. laid normal to the direction of ribs. Similar bars are
used parallel to ribs.
2. Assume h = 12 in. (including 2 in. slab)
U = 713 lb/ft; Mu = 346.5 kip.in.
3. Mu (flange) = 1541 kip.in.; Choose 2#5 bars
(As = 0.62 in.2)
4. Shear in rib; Vu (at d distance) = 5771 lb <Vc
Use min. stirrups, # 3 spaced at 5 in.
28
Problem 9.11:
1. 2 in. slab reinforced with #3 bars spaced at 12 in.
2. Use h = 12 in., rib height = 10 in.
U = 525 lb/ft; Mu = 255 kip.in.
Choose 2#5 bars (As = 0.62 in.2)
3. Shear is adequate
Problem 9.12:
1. Design of slab: same as in Problem 9.10
2. Choose h = 12 in., U = 713 lb/ft
Calculate M u and As:
For positive moment b = 34 in., and for negative moment, b = 4 in., d = 10.875 in.
Location
A
B
C
D
Moment
Coeff.
- 1/24
+ 1/4
- 1/10
+ 1/16
Mu
kip.ft
9.62
16.50
23.10
14.43
Ru
psi
As
in.2
bars
244
49
586
43
0.50
1.30
-
0.22
0.35
0.57
0.35
2#3
2#4
2#5
2#4
Use 2#4 bars at the bottom of ribs to resist the positive moments, and 2#5 bars at the top of ribs
to resist the negative moments at the interior supports.
2 # 3 bars are used at the top of the ribs only at the exterior supports.
29
CHAPTER 10
AXIALLY LOADED COLUMNS
Problems 10.1(a)-10.1(j):
Given: = 0.65, K = 0.8, g (max) = 8%, g (min.) = 1%
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
fc(ksi)
As (in.2)
25
6.28
15.2
10
5.06
15.2
12.5
10.12
7.59
g (%)
3.13
6.25
4.36
5.28
5.1
1.98
4.18
2.17
3.95
3.16
Pn( kip)
688
1442
439
955
722
712
1244
1634
968
852
Problems 10.2(a)-10.2(e):
Given: = 0.75, K = 0.85, g (max) = 8%, g (min.) = 1%
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
fc (ksi)
Ag (in.2)
153.9
201.1
254.5
314.2
176.7
As (in.2)
7.59
10.12
15.2
g (%)
5.2
3.77
3.97
4.84
4.53
Pn (kip)
622
710
1049
1391
855
Problem 10.3(a) - 10.3(h): Square and Rectangular Columns.

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
fc(ksi)
Pu (kip)
560
1546
528
764
500
840
492
1564
Ag (in.2)
190
552
138
249
213
272
186
561
Cross section
(in. x in.)
14x14
24x24
12x12
16x16
12x18
14x20
12x16
18x32
Ast (in.2)
7.25
17.93
9.3
6.84
4.01
11.72
5.18
10.1
Bars
8#9
16#10
8#10
8#9
6#8
10#10
6#9
8#10
Ties #
Spacing (in.)
14
18
12
16
12
14
12
18
Add. Ties
NO
#3@18
NO
NO
NO
#3@14
NO
#3@18
30
Problem 10.3(i) 10.3(L): Spiral Columns.

(i)
(j)
(k)
(L)
fc(ksi)
Pu (kip)
628
922
896
662
Ag (in.2)
174
276
226
157
Diameter (in.)
16
20
18
15
Ast (in.2)
5.33
6.68
9.54
5.16
Bars
6#9
6#10
8#10
6#9
Spiral bar #
Pitch (in.)
31
CHAPTER 11
MEMBERS IN COMPRESSION AND BENDING
Problem 11-1-a to 11-1-l. Balanced condition (12 Problems).
Rectangular sections
Problem 11-1-a
Prob. 11-1-b
Balanced condition
162, 146.7
Pb (kip), Mb ( kip Pb = 372, Mb = 541
ft)
Prob. 11-1-c
550.9, 922.3
Prob. 11-1-d
Prob. 11-1-e
Prob. 11-1-f
Prob. 11-1-g
Prob. 11-1-h
453.5, 781.2
197.9, 252.12
230.1, 310.3
264.1, 330.9
351.1, 365.9
Prob.11-1-i
Prob. 11-1-j
Prob. 11-1-k
Prob. 11-1-l
390.4, 344.5
394.1, 486.7
485.2, 679.2
347.2, 370.4
11-2-a to 11-2-l. Compression controls:

e = 6 in.
Prob. 11-2-a
Compression controls
Refer to prob. 11-1-a
Pn (kip), Mn (k.-ft)
Pn = 775.4, Mn = 387.7
(12 Problems); = 0.65

Prob. 11-2-b
Prob. 11-2-c
Refer to 11-1-b Refer to 11-1-c
264.6, 132.3
1208.6, 604.3
Prob. 11-2-d
Refer to 11-1-d
Prob. 11-2-e
Refer to 11-1-e
Prob. 11-2-f
Refer to 11-1-f
Prob. 11-2-g
Refer to 11-1-g
Prob. 11-2-h
Refer to 11-1-h
993.2, 496.6
384.6, 192.3
465, 232.5
524.9, 262.4
604.6, 302.3
Prob. 11-2-i
Refer to11-1-i
551.0, 275.5
Prob. 11-2-j
Refer to 11-1-j
741, 370.5
Prob. 11-2-k
Refer to 11-1-k
994.6, 497.32
11-3-a to 11-3-l. Tension controls: e = 24 in. (12 Problems)

Prob. 11-3-a
Prob. 11-3-b
tension controls
refer to prob. 11-1-a
refer to 11-1-b
61.4, 122.8
Pb (kip), Mb ( kip-ft)
Pb = 258.8, Mb = 517.6
Prob. 11-3-d
Refer to 11-1-d
384.7, 769.5
Step
11
Prob. 11-3-e
Refer to 11-1-e
116.8, 233.7
Prob. 11-3-i
Refer to 11-1-i
146.26, 292.53
Prob. 11-3-f
Refer to 11-1-f
146.2, 292.4
Prob. 11-3-j
Refer to 11-1-j
215.09, 430.18
32
Prob. 11-3-g
Refer to 11-1-g
152.12, 304.24
Prob. 11-3-k
Refer to 11-1-k
309.47, 618.93
Prob. 11-2-l
Refer to 11-1-l
613, 306.6
Prob. 11-3-c
Refer to 11-1-c
452.5, 904.9
Prob. 11-3-h
Refer to 11-1-h
152.71, 305.43
Prob. 11-3-l
Refer to 11-1-l
149.20, 298.40
Problem 11.4:
Balanced condition: cb = 12.72 in., ab = 10.82 in.
Cc = 588.38kip; Cs1 = 286.4 kip; Cs2 = 58.94 kip
Tension zone: = 0.65; s2 = 5.7510-4, fs3 = 16.69 ksi
Pb = 587.73kip; Mb = 816.97 kip.ft
e = 8in., e < eb compression controls. Assume c = 16.43 in., a = 13.96 in.
Cc = 783.4 kip, Cs1 = 286.4kip, Cs2 = 97.17 kip, Cs3 = 14.60 kip
Tension zone: = 0.65; s = 9.2610-4, fs = 26.85 ksi,
Pn = 1063 kip; Mn = 708.71 kip.ft
Check: take moment about As
e/ = 17.5 in.; Pn = 1026.7 kip very close to Pn OK
Problem 11.5:
Balanced condition: cb = 10.36 in., a = 8.81in.,
Cc = 599.08 kip; Cs1 = 358.28 kip; Cs2 = 79.02 kip; Cs3 = 1 in. -0.97 in.= Zero
Tension zone: s4 = 9.8210-4, fs = 28.47 ksi,
Pb = 584.27 kip; Mb = 788.16 kip.ft; eb = 16.19 in.
e = 8in., e < eb compression controls.
Assume c = 12.77 in., a = 10.8 in.
Cc = 734.4 kip, Cs1 = 358.28 kip, Cs2 = 104.19 kip, Cs3 = 39.29 kip
Tension zone: s4 = 2.310-4, fs = 6.68 ksi, s5 = 0.0011, fs = 32.22 ksi,
Pn = 1014.93kip, Mn = 676.62 kip.ft; e = 15.5 in.
Problem 11.6:
Balanced condition: cb = 10.36 in., a = 8.8 in.,
Pb = 408.68 kip; Mb = 414.1 kip.ft, eb = 12.16 in.
Compression controls: e = 8 < eb comp. controls.
Assume c = 12.09in., a = 10.28in.
Cc = 489.33 kip; Cs1/ = 169.8 kip, Cs2/ = 23.28 kip
Tension zone: s = 0.0013, Pn = 565.62 kip, Mn = 377.08 kip.ft; e/ = 15.5 in.
Problem 11.7:
Balanced condition: cb = 12.72 in., ab = 10.82 in.,
Cc = 735.76 kip; Cs1 = 283 kip; Cs2 = 68.03 kip; Cs3 = 3.05 kip
Tension zone: s4 = 9.510-4, fs = 27.56ksi,
Pn = 734.27 kip, Mb = 914.52 kip.ft, eb = 14.95 in.
Compression controls: e = 8 < eb comp. controls.
Assume c = 15.98 in., a = 13.58 in.
Cc = 923.44 kip; Cs1 = 283 kip, Cs2 = 88.26 kip, Cs3 = 36.54 kip
Tension zone: s4 = 1.4310-4, fs = 4.19 ksi, s5 = 0.001, fs = 30.05 ksi
Pn = 1172.6 kip, Mn = 781.73 kip.ft
33
Problem 11.8:
a: Choose #4 ties spaced at 18in.
Pn = 821.23 kip; Mn = 403.1 kip.ft OK
b:As = 3.68 in.2 use 5#8 (As = 3.93 in.2)
Pn = 643.1 kip, Mn = 669.65 kip.ft
c: As = As = 7.56in.2, use 6#10
Pn = 756.25 kip, Mn = 1608 kip.ft
d: As = As= 4.73 in.2, use 6#9
Pn = 682.7 kip, Pn = 443.8 kip > Pu, OK
e: As = As= 7.59 in.2, use 6#10
Pn = 1 753.93 kip
f: As = As = 0.031824/2 = 6.48in.2, Use 5#10
Pn = 1114.26 kip, Pn = 724.3 kip > Pn OK
g: As = As= 0.021420/2 = 2.8 in.2, Use 3#9
Pn = 453.12 kip, Pn = 317.2 kip; OK section is adequate.
h: As = As = 6.57 in.2, use 6#10
Pn = 1617.7 kip, Pn = 1051.5 kip > Pu, OK Section is adequate.
i: As = As= 0.02 20 14/2 = 2.8 in.2, Use 2#10
Pn = 923.93 kip, Pn = 600.5 kip > Pu ; OK section is adequate.
j: As = As = 2.64 in.2, Use 4#9
Pn = 1037.86 kip, Pn = 674.6 kip > Pu, OK section is adequate.
Problem 11.9:
a: Pn = 265 kip compared to 265 kip by calculation.
b: Pn = 991 kip compared to 993.2 kip by calculation.
c: Pn = 462.9 kip compared to 465 kip by calculation.
d: As = As= 5.8 in.2, Use 5#10, As = 6.33 in.2
e: As = As = 6.48 in.2, Use 6#10, As = 7.59 in.2
f: As = As= 8.4 in.2, Use 7#10, As = 8.86 in.2
Problem 11.10:
Pb = 67.11 kip, Pb = 43.62 kip
Mb = 86.9 kip.ft, Mb = 56.5 kip.ft, e = 15.54 in.
Problem 11.11:
Pb = 222.33 kip, Pb = 144.5 kip
Mb = 229.61 kip.ft; Mb = 149.3 kip.ft, eb = 10.5 in.
Problem 11.12:
Pb = 427.85 kip, Pb = 278.1 kip
Mb = 420 kip.ft; Mb = 273 kip.ft, eb = 11.78 in.
34
Problem 11.13:
Pb = 677.6 kip, Pb = 440.4 kip
Mb = 655.7 kip.ft, Mb = 425.8 kip.ft, eb = 11.6 in.
Problem 11.14:
a: Pn = 108 kip (tied); Mn = 53.9 kip.ft (tied)
b: Pn = 271.4 kip (tied); Mn = 135.5 kip.ft (tied)
c: Pn = 495 kip (tied); Mn = 247.7 kip.ft (tied)
d: Pn = 731.8 kip (tied); Mn = 366.3 kip.ft (tied)
Problem 11.15:
a: Pbx = 572.5 kip, Mbx = 790.9 kip.ft; eb = 16.58in.
Pby = 536 kip, Mby = 482 kip.ft; eby = 10.79in.
Pny = 833.55, Mny = 416.77 kip.ft
Pn = 559 kip, Pn = 363.3 kip
b: Pbx = 576.88 kip; Mbx = 740.55 kip.ft; ebx = 15.4 in.
Pnx = 929.82 kip, Mnx = 619.88 kip.ft
Pny = 1107 kip, Mny = 553.6 kip.ft
Pn = 633 kip, Pn = 411.5 kip
c:
Pbx = 408.68 kip; Mbx = 414.1 kip.ft; eb = 12.16 in.
Pby = 368.7 kip, Mby = 260.3 kip.ft; eb = 8.47 in.
Pny = 496.8 kip, Mny = 248.4 kip.ft
Pn = 323 kip, Pn = 210 kip
d:
Pbx = 718.7 kip; Mbx = 865.6 kip.ft, ebx = 14.5in.
Pnx = 1 093.6 kip, Mnx = 729.1 kip.ft
Pby = 701.9 kip, Mby = 699.6 kip.ft, eby = 12 in.
Pny = 1145.3 kip, Mny = 572.65 kip.ft
Pn = 717.6 kip, Pn = 466 kip
Problem 11.16:
a: Pn = 566.34 kip, Pn = 368 kip
b: Pn = 674.3 kip, Pn = 438.3 kip
c: Pn = 335 kip, Pn = 218 kip
d: Pn = 732.24 kip, Pn = 476 kip
Problem 11.17:
a: Pn = 645 kip, Pn = 419 kip
b: Pn = 749 kip, Pn = 487 kip
c: Pn = 355 kip, Pn = 231 kip
d: Pn = 817 kip, Pn = 531 kip
35
Problem 11.18:
X-axis: Pn = 1113.4 kip, Pu = 723.5 kip; Mn = 556.7 kip.ft, Mu = 362 kip.ft
Y-axis: Pn = 833.65 kip, Pu = 542 kip; Mn = 416.8 kip.ft, Mu = 271 kip.ft
Biaxial load: Bresler method; Pu = 397 kip, Pn = 611.3 kip
Hsu method; Pu = 455 kip, Pn = 701 kip
Problem 11.19:
X-axis: Pn = 1107 kip, Pu = 720 kip; Mn = 553.56 kip.ft, Mu = 360 kip.ft
Y-axis: Pn = 1107 kip, Pu = 720 kip; Mn = 553.56 kip.ft, Mu = 360 kip.ft
Biaxial load: Bresler method: Pu = 462 kip, Pn = 710.6 kip
Hsu method: Pu = 549 kip, Pn = 845 kip
Problem 11.20:
X-axis: Pn = 674.1 kip, Pu = 438 kip; Mn = 337.1 kip.ft, Mu = 219 kip.ft
Y-axis: Pn = 494.9 kip, Pu = 322 kip; Mn = 247.45 kip.ft, Mu = 160.8 kip.ft
Biaxial load: Bresler method: Pu = 232.7 kip, Pn = 358.1 kip
Problem 11.21:
X-axis: Pn = 1289.7 kip, Pu = 838.3 kip; Mn = 644.86 kip.ft, Mu = 419.1 kip.ft
Y-axis: Pn = 1145.2 kip, Pu = 744.4 kip; Mn = 572.6 kip.ft, Mu = 372.2 kip.ft
Biaxial load: Bresler method: Pu = 518.1 kip, Pn = 797.13 kip
36
CHAPTER 12
SLENDER COLUMNS
Problem 12.1:
1) Pu = 306 kip; Mu = 300.4 kip-ft; e = 11.8 in.
2) (Klu) /r = 37.5 34-12(M1 / M2) = 22; NO; Consider the slenderness effect.
3) EI = 15341171 kip-in.2
4) Pc = 3245.269 kip
5) Cm = 1.0
6) ns = 1.144
7) Pn = 470.8 kip; Mn = 462.2 kip-ft; Mc = 528.76 kip-ft; e = 13.48 in.
8) Pn = 345.787 kip > Pu = 306 kip
Problem 12.2:
1) Pu = 306 kip, Mu = 300.4 kip-ft; e = 11.8 in.
2) Consider the slenderness effect.
3) EI = 15341171 kip-in.2
4) Pc = 7301,856 kip
5) Cm = 1.0
6) ns = 1.06
8) Pn = 366.52 kip > Pu
Problem 12.3:
1) Pu = 306 kip; Mu = 300.4 kip-ft; e = 11.8 in.
3) EI = 15341171 kip-in.2
4) Pc = 3915.788 kip
5) Cm = 1.0
6) ns = 1.116
8) Pn = 352.6 kip > Pu
Problem 12.4:
3) EI = 38374084.45 kip-in.2
4) Pc = 7085.45 kip
5) Cm = 0.8667 > 0.40
6) ns = 0.934 < 1.0 , use 1.0
7) Pn = 589.23 kip;
Mn = 394.462 kip-ft; Mc = 394.462 kip-ft; e = 8.03 in.
8) Pn = 933.6 kip > Pu
37
Problem 12.5:
3) EI = 38374084.45 kip-in.2
4) Pc = 9254.463 kip
5) Cm = 0.8667 > 0.40
6) ns = 0.917 < 1.0 use 1.0
7) Pn = 589.23 kip, Mn = 394.462 kip-ft; Mc = 394.462 kip-ft; e = 8.03 in.
8) Pn = 933.6 kip > Pu
Problem12.6:
3) EI = 38374084.45 kip-in.2
4) Pc = 10273.9 kip
5) Cm = 1
6) ns = 1.052
7) Pn = 589.23 kip, Mn = 394.462 kip-ft; Mc = 414.974 kip-ft; e = 8.45 in.
8) Pn = 904.283 kip > Pu
Problem 12.7:
3) EI = 37.084 106 kip-in.2
4) Pc = 4722.24 kip
5) Cm = 0.867
6) s = 1.12 < 1; use 1.0
7) Pn = 589.23 kip, Mn = 394.462 kip-ft; Mc = 441.797 kip-ft, e = 9.0 in.
8) Pn = 1217.7 kip > Pu
Problem 12.8:
1) Pu = 449.4 kip, Mu = 141 kip-ft; e = 3.765 in.
3) EI = 9685418 kip-in.2
4) Pc = 1659.6 kip
5) Cm = 1.0
6) s = 1.565
8) Pn = 512.911 kip > Pu
38
Problem 12.9:
3) EI = 9685418 kip-in.2
4) Pc = 6638.28 kip
5) Cm = 1.0
6) s = 1.1
8) Pn = (0.65) (968.710) = 629.66 kip > Pu
Problem 12.10:
3) EI = 18255749 kip-in.2
4) Pc = 1285.37 kip
5) Cm = 1.0
6) s = 1.872
7) Pn = 953 kip, Mn = 216.92 kip-ft; Mc = 309.33 kip-ft, e = 5.37 in.
8) Pn = 619.54 kip > Pu
39
CHAPTER 13
FOOTINGS
Problem 13.1: Wall Footings:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
h (in.)
19
17
20
27
23
19
19
21
14
16
d (in.)
15.5
13.5
16.5
23.5
19.5
15.5
15.5
17.5
10.5
12.5
L (ft)
10
7.5
8.5
15.0
11
11.5 11.0
Pu (kip)
45.6
44
59.2
69.6
64
60.8
52.8
65.6
44
51.2
qu (ksf)
4.56
5.87
6.96
4.8
5.82
6.76
4.59
5.96
7.33
7.31
Vu1 (kip)
14.6
3
12.47
15.95
23.00
18.67
17.18 17.41 20.63
11.91
13.71
Mu (kip.ft)
46.1
7
31.00
46.79
111.00
67.96
49.67 59.32 72.09
22.91
31.09
As (in.2)
0.7
0.54
0.66
1.10
0.83
0.77
0.92
0.98
0.54
0.59
Bar No.
Spacing (in.)
7.5
10
ld (in.)
48
28
33
55
55
42
55
42
24
29
ldav (in.)
51
36
41
77
55
43
59
53
27
32
Ash (in.2)
0.41
0.367
0.43
0.58
0.5
0.41
0.41
0.45
0.3
0.346
Bar No.
Spacing (in.)
10
10
12
10
40
Problem 13.2: Square Footings.
AF (ft )
h (in.)
d (in.)
L (ft)
Pu (kip)
qu (ksf)
Vu1 (kip)
Vu2 (kip)
Mu
(kip.ft)
As (in.2)
Bars
ld (in.)
ldav (in.)
N1 (kip)
x
Ads (in.2)
Ldd (in.)
(a)
61.38
20
15.5
8
364
5.7
23.1
325.5
253.3
(b)
47.9
19
14.5
7
352
7.2
77.7
300
190.6
(c)
77.1
23
18.5
9
548.4
6.8
130.1
480.8
411.4
(d)
77.5
24
19.5
9
440
5.4
115.4
400.2
388.8
(e)
69.1
21
16.5
8.5
424
5.9
114.9
388.2
337.2
(f)
95.4
21
16.5
10
452
4.5
113.1
417
422.5
(g)
61.5
20
15.5
8
432
6.8
106.5
382.2
287.3
(h)
95.1
22
17.5
10
546
5.5
148.96
426.3
477.4
(i)
46.6
16
11.5
7
280
5.7
68.2
240.0
141.9
(j)
60.4
18
13.5
8
276
4.3
75.97
249.2
191.1
3.75
3.0
5.1
4.6
4.7
5.9
4.3
6.24
2.9
3.3
10#6
33
37
424.3
8#6
33
30
537
13#6
33
41
663
12#6
33
45
238.6
12#6
29
41
433.2
11#7
42
49
565.5
11#6
29
36
716
9#8
48
47
884
8#6
29
30
696.4
9#6
33
38
334.2
4
1.28
22
4
1.62
22
4
2.0
24.7
7
5.54
22
4
0.98
21.4
4
1.28
21.4
4
1.62
19
4
2.0
21.4
4
1.57
21.4
4
1.0
22
41
Problem 13.3: Rectangular Footings:
AF (ft )
L (ft)
B (ft)
h (in.)
d (in.)
Pu (kip)
qu (ksf)
Vu1 (kip)
Vu2 (kip)
MuL (kip.ft)
MuS (kip.ft)
AsL (in.2)
Bars
AsS (in.2)
Bars
AsB (in.2)
Bars
AsE (in.2)
Bars
ldL (in.)
ldaL (in.)
lds (in.)
ldas (in.)
N1 (kip)
Ads (in.2)
x
ldd (in.)
(a)
61.4
10.5
6
23
18.5
364
5.78
105.5
316.4
363.7
165.2
4.52
9#7
5.22
12#6
3.79
9#6
1.8
4#6
48
52
28
25*
424.3
1.28
4
22
(b)
47.9
8
6
20
15.5
352
7.33
56.2
294.7
232.3
148.4
3.47
10#6
3.46
8#6
2.98
7#6
0.87
4#6
33
36
33
24*
537
1.62
4
25
(c)
77.6
10
8
23
18.5
548.4
6.86
111.5
478.2
476.4
344
5.92
11#7
4.95
11#6
4.42
10#6
0.8
2#6
48
47
33
35
663
2.0
4
25
(d)
78
10
8
24
19.5
440
5.5
103.1
402.1
445.5
336.9
5.25
10#7
5.18
12#6
4.61
11#6
0.84
2#6
48
51
33
39
238.6
5.55
7
22
42
(e)
69.6
10
7
21
16.5
424
6.06
93.4
385.1
413.7
257.8
5.79
9#8
4.54
8#7
3.7
6#7
1.09
2#7
48
50
42
32*
433.2
1.0
4
22
(f)
96.7
12.5
8
21
16.5
452
4.52
110.6
418.8
563.62
313.9
7.9
9#9
5.7
10#7
4.44
8#7
1.6
4#7
54
64
42
37*
565.5
1.28
4
22
(g)
61.5
10.5
6
23
18.5
432
6.86
51
368.7
416.7
182.3
5.2
10#7
5.22
9#7
3.76
7#7
1.77
4#7
42
51
42
24*
716
1.62
4
19
(h)
95
11
9
22
17.5
546
5.52
134.1
492.6
540.96
408.2
7.12
8#9
5.23
10#7
5.28
9#7
0.76
2#7
54
53
42
41
884
2.0
4
22
Problem 13.4: Rectangular footings.
AF (ft2)
L (ft)
B (ft)
h (in.)
d (in.)
Pu (kip)
qu (ksf)
Vu1 (kip)
Vu2 (kip)
MuL (kip.ft)
MuS (kip.ft)
AsL (in.2)
Bars
AsS (in.2)
Bars
AsB (in.2)
Bars
AsE (in.2)
Bars
ldL (in.)
ldaL (in.)
lds (in.)
ldas (in.)
N1 (kip)
Ads (in.2)
x
ldd (in.)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
61.4
9.5
6.5
20
15.5
364
5.9
110.26
321.05
294.15
199.29
4.43
9#7
4.10
11#6
3.59
8.#6
1.02
4#6
48
44*
33
29*
464.3
1.4
4
22
47.9
8.5
5.75
21
16.5
352
7.2
91.43
292.39
241.64
149.23
3.38
9#6
3.86
9#6
3.2
8#6
1.0
4#6
33
38
33
24*
530.2
1.6
4
25
77.6
11
7.25
26
21.5
548.4
6.88
151.72
466.4
505.04
331.17
5.44
10#7
6.18
10#7
4.9
8#7
1.77
4#7
48
51
48
33*
636.1
1.92
4
25
78
11
7.25
24
19.5
440
5.52
135.07
394.6
451.48
296.48
5.42
10#7
5.70
10#7
4.49
8#7
1.57
4#6
48
54
48
35*
357.5
2.49
4
22
43
Problem 13.5: Plain concrete wall footings:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
D.L. (kip)
11
14
13
L.L. (kip)
12
B (ft)
7.5
h (in.)
22
20
22
34
d (in.)
19
22.8
17
22
19
29.6
31
34.8
qu (ksf)
4.56
5.5
7.4
4.64
Mu (kip.ft)
9.12
6.19
7.43
23.27
Ig (in.4)
6859
152
4913
129
6859
124
29791
145
178
1.9
178
0.46
178
0
178
2.71
18.75
16.76
21.85
35.66
Pu (kip)
ft (psi)
fta (psi)
Vu (kip)
Vc (kip)
Problem 13.6:
1. Pe = 300 kip; Pi = 390 kip; L = 18 ft
2. Use 9 18 ft
3. Pu = 944 kip; Pue= 416 kip, Pui= 528 kip; q u = 5.83 ksf; q u= 52.5 kip/ft length.
a) Shearing forces = 13.125 kip
Shear at right side of Pe = 324.125 kip
Shear at right side of Pi = 113.7 kip
Shear at left side of Pi = 326.7 kip
b) Bending moment:
At right of interior column: Mu = 123.04 kip.ft; At left of interior column: Mu = 54.82 kip.ft
Max. moment at zero shear; from left hand side, Mmax = 1232.14 kip.ft
4.a) Vu(max) = 366.7 kip; VU @ d = 215.14 kip
b) Check depth for two-way shear: (a + d) = 45.5 in;b0 = 111 in.
5. Design for bending moment in the longitudinal direction:
Use 12 #9 bars, (As = 12 in.2). Spacing = 9.3 in.
6. Design for beading moment in the short direction:
Use 9 #7 bars-(AS = 5.41 in.2), Spacing = 12.75 in.
44
Problem 13.7:
Footing No.
D.L. (kip)
L.L. (kip)
L.L. / D.L.
Usual Load (kip)
Area = (Usual Load/2.81)
Max. Soil Pressure (ksf)
1
130
160
1.23
170
60.5
4.8
2
220
220
1.00
275
97.9
4.5
3
150
210
1.40
202.5
72.0
5.0
4
180
180
1.00
225
80.1
4.5
5
200
220
1.10
255
90.7
4.6
6
240
200
0.83
290
103.2
4.3
Problem 13.8:
1. P = 360 kip; M= 230 kip.ft, e = 7.67 in., say 8 in.
2. a)Assume total depth = 2 ft, and assume the weight of the soil is 100 pcf
Net upward pressure = 3.5ksf; Choose a footing (11 x 10) ft
b) P u = 496 kip; q u = 4.51 ksf
Max. Moment in the long direction, M u = 640.62 kip.ft
Max. Moment in the short direction, M u = 502.30 kip.ft
3. V u = 167.25kip
4. Two way shear: b0 = 142 in.; A0 = 1244.25 in.2; V u = 457.03kip.
5. Reinforcement in the long direction:
Use 9 #10 (11.39in. 2 ) spaced at 14.25in., provided l d > required 32 in.
6. Reinforcement in the short direction:
Use 9 #9 (9 in. 2 ) spaced at 15.75 in., provided l d > required 28 in.
7.Long direction, ld = 53 in. > required ld = 32 in.
Short direction, ld = 49 in. > required ld = 25 in.
8. Bearing stress at column base:
N1 = 530.1 kip > Pu = 496 kip
Problem 13.9:
1. Assume a total footing depth = 28 in.,
Allowable upward pressure = q net = 3488 psf
P = 360 kip; M = 230 kip.ft; e = 7.67 in. Choose a footing 8 x 16 ft
2. Pu = 496 kip;
Mu = 320 kip.ft
3. Distance from edge of footing = 5.29 ft; V u = 190.3 kip.
4. bo = 154 in.; q at center of column = 3.88 ksf; V u = 456.5 kip.
5. Reinforcement in the long direction:
Choose 15 #9 bars (A s = 15 in. 2 ); Spacing = 6.4 in.
6. Reinforcement in the short direction:
Use 20 #8 bars (As = 15.7 in.2) ; Spacing = 9.8 in.
7. Development lengths ld in both directions for #9 and #8 bars are adequate.
Problem 13.10:
1. Assume total depth = 27 in; q net = 3488 psf; P = 360 kip, M = 230 kip, e = 7.67 in.
2. Choose a square footing 12 x 12 ft
3. qmax < q (allowable)
45
CHAPTER 14
RETAINING WALLS
Problem 14.1:
1. Using Rankine formula: Ca = 1/3 and Cp = 3.0; Ha = 1833 lbs., acting at 3.33 ft from base.
Overturning moment Mo = 6.10 kip.ft
2. Calculate the balancing moment taken about toe O.
W1 = 7250 lbs., arm = 2.5 ft, Ml = 18.125 kip.ft
-W2 = -1305, arm = 1.0 ft, -M2 = -1.305 kip.ft
R = W = 5945 lb.,
M b = 16.82 kip.ft
Factor of safety against overturning = 2.76 > 2.0
3. Force resisting sliding, F = 2.97 kip.; Factor of safety against sliding = 1.62 > 1.5
4. q(max) = 2.19 ksf < 3.5 ksf; q(min.) = 0.19 ksf
Problem 14.2:
1. Using Rankine formula, Ca = 1/3 and Cp = 3.0; Ha = 4125 lbs., acting at 15/3 = 5 ft from base.
Overturning moment M o = 20.625 kip.ft
2. Calculate the balancing moment taken about the toe O:
Weight lb
W1 = 3770
W2 = 3770
W3 = 2320
W4 = 2860
W5 = 1430
Total W = R = 14.150 kip.
arm (ft)
2.00
4.33
4.00
5.67
7.5
Moment
7.54
16.32
9.28
16.22
10.72
Mb = 60.08

3. Force resisting sliding: F = 7.08 kip; Factor of safety against sliding = 1.72 > 1.5
4. q(max) = 3.37 ksf < 3.5 ksf; q(min.) = 0.164 ksf
Problem 14.3: (a) to (j)
BALANCED FORCES AND MOMENTS:
ITEM
WEIGHT
ARM
(kip)
(ft)
RESULTANT
7.540
4.24
EARTH PRESSURE FORCES AND MOMENTS:
FORCE
ARM
(kip)
(ft)
TOTAL
2.146
4.00
FACTOR OF SAFETY AGAINST OVERTURNING = 3.73
FACTOR OF SAFETY AGAINST SLIDING
=
46
MOMENT
(kip.ft)
32.000
MOMENT
(kip.ft)
8.585
1.76
Problem 14.3 (e):

ITEM
WEIGHT
ARM
(kip)
(ft)
RESULTANT
12.604
5.72
MOMENT
(kip.ft)
72.139

FORCE
ARM
(kip)
(ft)
TOTAL
4.307
5.67
MOMENT
(kip.ft)
24.409
FACTOR OF SAFETY AGAINST OVERTURNING

FACTOR OF SAFETY AGAINST SLIDING
Problem 14.4 (e) :
1. Balanced forces and Moments:
W1 = 2.325 kip
arm
W2 = 0.581
arm
W3 = 2.025
arm
W4 = 7.673
arm
W6 = 1.35
arm
Total W = 13.964
= 4 ft
= 3.33
= 4.5
= 6.75
= 6.75
2. Earth pressure forces and moments:

PAH = 4.307 kip
arm = 5.67 ft
PH2 = 1.382
arm = 8.5 ft
Total P = 5.69
Overturning F.S. = 81.25/ 36.16 = 2.24
= 2.96
=1.63
M = 9.3 kip.ft
M = 1 .938
M = 9.113
M = 51.79
M = 9.113
Total M = 81.25
M = 24.41 kip.ft
M = 11.76 kip.ft
Total M = 36.16
OK
3. Sliding: F.S.= 1.23 less than 1.5, NO GOOD;

Key 1.5 x 1.5 ft is not adequate.
Increase length of footing L to 11 ft Shear in toe is not adequate and depth of footing hf to 21.
Problem 14.5 (e):
ITEM
WEIGHT ARM
MOMENT
(kip)
(ft)
(kip.ft)
RESULTANT 12.800
5.75
73.612
FORCE
ARM
MOMENT
(kip)
(ft)
(kip.ft)
TOTAL:
4.906
5.93
29.100
FACTOR OF SAFETY AGAINST OVERTURNING =
2.53
FACTOR OF SAFETY AGAINST SLIDING (Pp INCLUDED)= 2.05
47
Problem 14.6 (e) to (h):

All the steel areas are given at the last part of each problem of 14.3 (e) to (h).
Problem 14.7:
1. For = 33, C a = 0.295
Ha = 7.08 kip; Mo = 47.2 kip.ft
Weight
arm (ft)
W 1 = 2.4
4.50
W 2 = 1.2
3.67
W 3 = 3.6
6.00
W 4 = 13.44
8.50
W = R = 20.64
2. Check sliding condition: F = 9.29; F.S. = 1.31 < 1.5
F.S. (sliding) = 1.56 > 1.5
3. q 1 =0.83 = 2 .55 ksf; q 2 = 0.89 ksf
F = 1 1 . 3 1 kip; F. S . ( s l i d i n g ) = 1.6 > 1.5
Moment (kip.ft)
10.8
4.4
21.6
114.2
M = 151.0
Not good, use Key 1.5 x 1.5 ft
Problem 14.11:
1. For = 30, Ca = 0.333, hs (Surcharge) = 3.33 ft
pa (soil) = 0.5 ksf,
Ha = 3.125 kip
pw (water) = 0.78 ksf,
Hw = 4.875 kip
For intermittently wet ground,
Hw = 2.44 kip
Ps (surcharge) = 0.133 ksf,
Hs= 1.66 kip
2. Mu = 18.23 kip.ft; R (top) = 2.78 kip; R (bottom) = 8.8 kip
Mu(positive) = 7.77 kip.ft
3. Use #6 bars spaced at 6 in.
For Mu = 7.77 kip.ft; Use #5 bars spaced at 12 in.
For longitudinal reinforcement: use #4 bars spaced at 12 in. (As = 0.20 in.2)
48
CHAPTER 15
DESIGN FOR TORSION
Problem 15.1:
Tcr = 349.8 K .in.

Problem 15.2:
Tcr = 170.8 K .in.

Problem 15.3:
Acp = 428in.2 ;Pcp = 138 in.
Tn = 63 K .in.
Tcr = 251.9 K .in.

Problem 15.4:
Acp = 608in.2, Pcp = 156 in.
Tcr = 449.6 K .in.

Problem 15.5:
Acp = 336 in.2; Pcp = 76 in.2
If flanges are included, then Tcr = 390.5 kip.ft and Tn = 97.7 kip.ft
Problem 15.6:
Acp = 504 in.2, Pcp = 132 in.
Problem 15.7:
Vc = 25.9 K
Vu = 36 f
Vc
2
Pcp = 72 in.
Design for torsion: Assume 1.5in. cover concrete cover and #4 stirrups
Aoh = 194.25 in.2; Ao = 165.11 in.2, Pn = 58 in.
Use #4 stirrups, use S = 7 in.
Problem 15.8:
Total area of closed stirrups:
For one leg: Avt/S = 0.015+0.004 = 0.019in.2 (per one leg)
Use #4 stirrups, Use S = 7 in.
Problem 15.9:
Vc = 22.2 kip < Vu shear reinforcement required.
Acp = 264 in.2, Pcp = 68 in, Ta = 48.6 kip.in; Ta<Tu torsional reinforcement required.
Design for shear: Av/S = 0.043 in.2/in. (2 legs); Av/2S = 0.043/2 = 0.0215 in.2/in. (leg)
Design for torsion: Assume 1.5 in. cover and use # 4 stirrups @ S = 4 in.
LHS = 463Psi, RHS = 474.3Psi > LHS OK, Tn = 300/0.75 = 400 kip.in.
Distribution of longitudinal bars: Total = 1.35in.2, Al/3 = 0.45
49
Problem 15.10:
Ta = 61.5 kip.in. torsional reinforcement required.
Vc = 22.2 kip shear reinforcement required
Design for shear:
Av/S = 50.4/(6019.5) = 0.043in.2/in. (two legs)
Av/2S = 0.0215 in.2/in. (one leg)
Design for torsion:
Aoh = 197.3in2; Ao = 167.7 in.2; Ph = 91 in.
LHS = 485, RHS = 474.3 < LHS, section is not adequate.
Problem 15.11:
Design for moment: assume a = t = 6 in.
Mu = 3000 kip.in < Muft = 11181 kip.in., Then rectangular section
Use 4#9 bars; use one raw of bars
Vc = 31kip; Vu = 28 kip> Vc/2 shear reinforcement required.
Ta = 76.8 kip.in.
Torsional reinforcement required.
Design for shear:
Av/S = 0.006 in.2/in.(2 legs); Av/2S = 0.003 in.2/in(one leg)
Design for torsion:
LHS = 375.7, RHS = 474.4>LHS OK, Tn = 300/0.75 = 400 kip.in.
Use #3stirrups @ S = 5.5 in.
Problem 15.12:
Design for moment:
Mu = 4800 kip.in. < Muft then rectangular section; Use 5#9
Vc = 29.22 kip; Vu = 36 > Vc/2 shear reinforcement is required.
Pcp = 124in. Ta = 77 kip.in; Torsional reinforcement is required.
Design for shear: Av/S = 0.019in2/in. (2 legs), Av/2S = 0.0095in2/in. (one leg)
Design for torsion: Ao = 206.8in.2, Ph = 120 in.
LHS = 348.6, RHS = 474.2 > LHS OK, Tn = 480 kip.in.
At/S = 0.019in.2 (per one leg)
Longitudinal reinforcement:
Use #4 stirrups @ S = 8 in.
Distribution of longitudinal bars: Total 2.28in.2, Al/3 = 0.76 in.2
Problem 15.13:
Mu = 3000 kip.in. < Muft = 8386 kip.in. then rectangular section.
Use 4#9 bars in one row, bmin = 11.6 in.
Vc = 26.8 kip; Vu = 28 kip > Vc/2 shear reinforcement is required.
Acp = 448 in2, Pcp = 124in, Ta = 66.5 kip.in. Torsional reinforcement is required
Design for shear: Av/S = 0.01 in.2/in. (two legs); Av/2S = 0.005 in.2/in. (one leg)
Design for torsion: Aoh = 243.35 in.2, Ao = 206.8 in.2, Pn = 120 in.
LHS = 375.7, RHS = 410.7 > LHS OK, Tn = 400 kip.in, At/S = 0.016in2 (one leg)
Total area of closed stirrups: Use #3 stirrups @ S = 6 in.
Distribution of longitudinal bars: Total = 1.92 in.2, Al/3 = 0.64 in.2
50
Problem 15.14:
As = 3.3in2 use 4#9; Shear and torsional reinforcement are required.
Design for shear: Av/2S = 0.003 in.2/in. (one leg)
Design for torsion: Aoh = 243.25 in.2, Ao = 206.8 in.2
Pn = 120 in., Acp = 448in2, Pcp = 124 in.; Tcr = 307 kip.in. < Tu = 300 kip.in; At/S = 0.016 in.2 (one
leg)
Total area of stirrups: For one leg: Use #3 stirrups @ S = 6 in. c/c
Distribution of longitudinal bars: Total = 1.92in2, Avt/3 = 0.64 in.2
Problem 15.15:
Design for moment: As = 3.35in.2, Use 4#9 bars
Design for shear: Ao/2S = 0.005in.2/in. (one leg)
Design for torsion: Aoh = 243.25in.2, Ao = 206.8 in.2, Pn = 120 in.; Acp = 448 in.2, Pcp = 124 in.
Tcr = 226 kip.in. < Tu, Use Tu = 266 kip.in; At/S = 0.014 in.2 (one leg); Al = 0.014120 = 1.7 in.2
Total area of closed stirrups: For one leg: Use #3 stirrups; Use S = 6 in.
Distribution of longitudinal bars: Total = 1.7 in.2, Al/3 = 0.57 in.2
Problem 15.16:
Design for shear: Av/2S = 0.0058 in.2/in. (one leg)
Design for torsion: Aoh = 194.25, Ao = 165.11, Pn = 58, Acp = 308, Pcp = 72
Tcr = 216.5 kip.in. < Tu = 216.5 kip; Use #4 stirrups At 7in.
Problem 15.17:
1. Moy = 334 kip.ft, Mox = 248.5 kip.ft; mAsx = 4.86 in.2 , Asy = 5.04 in.2
2. Design for torsion and shear: Tu = 576 kip.in., Vu = 12 kip.
a) d = 17.5 in., fc = 4 ksi, fy = 60 ksi,
Vc = 2 f c 'bd = 26.6 k .
b) Acp = 320 in.2, Pcp = 72 in.; Tu = 576 > Ta = 67.5 kip.in. torsional reinforcement is needed.
3. Design for torsion: Assume 1.5 in. cover concrete cover and #4 stirrups.
a) Aoh = 206.25 in.2, Ph = 58 in.2, Ao = 175.3 in.2
b) LHS = 464.psi., RHS = 474.5 psi, RHS > LHS o.k. Section is adequate.
c) Al (min.) is not critical
d) For one-leg Use #4 stirrups @ 6 in.
e) Longitudinal bars: Use Al/4 = on all sides of beam = 0.53 in.2
f.) Choice of steel bars: Use 6 #9 bars (As = 9 in.2)
Problem 15.18:
1. Assume own weight of beam = 0.3 k/ft Uniform dead load = 1.1 kip/ft; U = 2.34 kip/ft
2. Bending moment at A, Mu = 49.9 kip.ft; Tu (at A) = 63.52 kip.ft, Vu (at A) = 18.7 kip
3. The section is L-section, but since Mu is small, rect. section is assumed to obtain min. steel.
4. U = 0.25 kip/ft, Mu = 8.0 kip.ft; Let t = 5.0 in. slab.
5. Design for shear and torsion: Tu = 591 kip.in., d = 21.5 in.; Vu = 14 < Vc /2
Acp = 336 in.2, Pcp = 76 in.; Tu > Ta torsional reinforcement is needed.
LHS = 467.4 psi, RHS = 474.5 psi., RHS > LHS o.k. Section is adequate.
Total area of closed stirrups: for one-leg: Use #4 stirrups, use S = 5 in.
51
CHAPTER 16
CONTINOUS BEAMS AND FRAMES
Problem 16.1:
1. One way slab; Wu = 268 psf
2. Loads on beam: Wu = 2845 lb/ft, Say 2.9 kip.ft
3. Design of moment:
Support:
A
B
C
Steel:
3#7 (1.8 in2)
4#7 (2.41 in2)
4#7 (2.41 in2)
4. Design for shear: Use #3 stirrups spaced at 6 in.
5. Deflection: = 0.06 in.; /L = 1/3990 which is very small.
Problem 16.2:
1.One way slab: W u = 268 psf ; Load on beam: W u = 2.92 kip/ft.
2. Design for moments:
Section
Support A Support B
Support C -Mid-span AB Mid-span BC or D
Bars
2#7
3#7
3#7
2#7
3#7
3. Design for shear: Use #3 stirrups spaced at 8.5 in.
Problem 16.3:
MA=MC= 0; MB = -387.2 kip.ft
RA = 55.87 kip.; RB = 192.33 kip.; RC = 55.8 kip
Section
AB
B
Bars
5#9
4#9+3#8(top)
2#9(bottom)
5. Design for shear: Use #4 stirrups spaced at 3.5 in.
Problem 16.4:
Section
AB
B
Bars
3#9
Design for shear: Use #4 stirrups at 3.5 in.
BC
3#9
BC
6#9
2#9+2#8
Problem 16.5:
1) Assume beam 16 x 34 in., and column 16 x 30 in.
Section
Supports B,C ,
Mid-span E
2
Bars
2#10 + 6#9(8.53 in )
(5#10 + 3#9)(As=9.33 in2)
Design for shear: Use #4 stirrups at 4 in., max spacing = 15 in.
2. Design of columns AB, DC;
a) Section B: Provided P n = 230.9 kip > 186.1 required
b) Section at mid height of column: Provided P n = 332.1 kip > 192 kip required.
c) Ties: choose #4 ties spaced at S = 16 in.
3. Use crossing bars 5#9 and 4#7; Use 4#4 ties within a length = a = 9 in.
4. Rectangular footing: use 7.5 x 4 ft
Longitudinal steel: Use 5#6 bars in the longitudinal direction (As = 2.21 in.2)
Transverse steel: Use 7#7 bars in the short direction.
52
Problem 16.7:
Mp = 494.2 kip.ft
Problem 16.8:
Mp = 300 kip.ft
Problem 16.9:
Mu = 171 kip.ft
Design critical sections: use 3#9 bars (As = 3.0 in.2)
Let h = 19 in., d = 16.5 in.
Fixed end moments at fixed ends using ultimate loads: M FA = MFB = -228 kip.ft; MA = 171 kip.ft
Rotation capacity provided: A = 0.0101 greater than the required of 0.0062.
Deflection: = 0.266 in.; /L = 1/902 which very small.
Shear: Use #4 stirrups spaced at 8 in.
Problem 16.10:
Final moments:
Section
Support
D.L.
moments
B
C
Mid-span
AB
BC
CD
*= Design Moments
Problem 16.11:
Final moments:
Moment due to
Section
DL
L.L.
max (-)
L.L.
max (+)
D.L.+L.L D.L.+L.L.
max (-)
max (+)
-311
-311
-302.4
-302.4
52.8
52.8
-613.4*
-613.4*
-258.2
-258.2
276.6
121.0
276.6
-79.2
-158.4
-79.2
280.8
201.6
280.8
197.4
-37.4
197.4
557.4*
322.6*
557.4
L.L.
L.L.
max ve max +ve
Support A
B
C
D
E
0
-333.3
-222.2
-333.3
0
0
-312.5
-277.7
-312.5
0
Mid-span AB
BC
CD
DE
+265.4
+154.3
+154.3
+265.4
-84.9
-141.5
-141.5
-84.9
0
0
+276.4
+218.6
+218.6
+276.4
53
Col.1+Co1.2
max -ve
0
-645.8*
-499.9*
-645.8*
0
+180.5
+12.8
+12.8
+180.5
Col. 1+Co1. 3
max +ve
0
-333.3
-222.2
-333.3
0
+541.8*
+372.9*
+372.9*
+541.8*
CHAPTER 17
DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS
Problem 17.1:
Prob.#
ln1
ln2
h = ln/30
h = ln/33
h (in.) Totol floor
18
18
7.27.5
6.547.0
7.5
22
22
8.89.0
8.0
9.0
24
24
9.610
8.739.0
10.0
18
14
7.27.5
6.547.0
7.5
22
18
8.89.0
8.0
9.0
24
20
9.610
8.739.0
10.0
28
22
11.211.5
10.1810.5
11.5
28
28
11.211.5
10.1810.5
11.5
Problem 17.2 (a):

Strip
Column strip
Middle Strip
Moment sign
Neg.
Pos.
Neg.
Pos.
Mu (kip.ft)
- 150.1
64.6
- 50.0
43.1
As = bd (in.2)
5.46
2.6
2.6
2.6
Min. As = 0.0018bhs (in.2)
1.73
1.73
1.73
1.73
Straight bars
18#5
9#5
9#5
9#5
Spacing = b/No.2hs18 in.
6.7
13
13
13
Problem 17.2(b):
Strip
Moment sign
Mu (kip.ft)
As = bd (in.2)
Min. As = 0.0018bhs (in.2)
Straight bars
Spacing = b/No.2hs 18 in.
Column strip
Neg.
Pos.
- 317.8
136.9
7.02
5.05
3.11
3.11
12#7
12#6
12
12
54
Middle Strip
Neg.
Pos.
- 105.9
91.3
5.05
5.05
3.11
3.11
12#6
12#6
12
12
Problem 17.2(c):
Strip
Moment sign
Mu (kip.ft)
As = bd (in.2)
Min. As = 0.0018bhs (in.2)
Straight bars
Spacing = b/No.2hs 18 in.
Problem 17.3(a):
Long Direction
Mu (kip.ft)
As = bd2 (in.2)
Min. As = 0.0018bhs (in.2)
Straight bars
Spacing = b/No.2hs = 18 in.
Problem 17.3(b):
Long Direction
Mu (kip.ft)
As = bd2 (in.2)
Min. As = 0.0018bhs (in.2)
Straight bars
Spacing = b/No.2hs = 18 in.
Column strip
Neg.
Pos.
- 411
177
8.49
5.66
3.51
3.51
14#7
13#6
11
12
Column strip
Ext.(a) Pos.(b)
- 80
96
2.80
3.35
1.73
1.73
9#5
12#5
13
12
Middle Strip
Neg.
Pos.
- 137
118
5.66
5.66
3.51
3.51
13#6
13#6
12
12
Int.(c)
161.6
5.90
1.73
10#7
12
Middle strip
Ext.(a) Pos.(b)
0
64
0
2.57
1.73
1.73
8#5
9#5
15
13
Int.(c)
- 53.9
2.57
1.73
9#5
13
Column strip
Ext.(a) Pos.(b)
Int.(c)
169.51 203.41 342.27
5.2
5.2
7.33
3.11
3.11
3.11
12#6
12#6
10#8
12
12
14.4
Middle strip
Ext.(a) Pos.(b)
0
135.61
0
5.2
3.11
3.11
10#6
12#6
14.4
12
Int.(c)
114.09
5.2
3.11
12#6
12
Problem 17.4:
Pro
b.#
ln1
(ft)
ln2
(ft)
h (in.)
Exterior
h (in.)
Interior
h (in.)
Totol floor
drop panel
(in.)
Total depth
drop
panel(in.)
Length of
drop panel
(ft)
18
18
6.547
6.0
7.0
6.676.67
22
22
8.0
7.338
8.0
10
88
24
24
8.29
7.278
9.0
2.25
11.5
8.678.67
18
14
6.547
5.455.5
7.0
1.75
6.675.33
22
18
8.0
6.677
8.0
10
86.67
24
20
8.729
8.0
9.0
2.25
11
8.667.33
55
28
22
10.1810.5
8.5
10.5
2.6
13
108
28
28
10.1811.5
10.5
10.5
2.6
13
1010
Problem 17.5(b):
Mo = 572 kip.ft
Mu (kip.ft)
As = bd2 (in.2)
Min. As = 0.0018bhs (in.2)
Straight bars
Long & Short Direction

Column strip
Middle strip
Neg.
Pos.
Neg.
Pos.
280.3
120.1
91.5
80.1
7.76
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.11
3.11
3.11
3.11
14#7
11#5
11#5
11#5
Problem 17.6(b):
Column strip
Middle strip
Pos.
Int.
Ext.
Pos.
178.5
300
119
8.3
3.1
4.2
4.89
2.59
2.59
2.07
2.07
16#5
14#7
8#6
16#5
Mo = 572 kip.ft
Mu (kip.ft)
As = bd2 (in.2)
Min. As = 0.0018bhs (in.2)
Straight bars
Ext.
149
4.04
2.59
12#7
Int.
100
3.6
2.07
8#6
Problem 17.7(a):
Column strip
Neg.
Pos.
-20.6
11.1
Middle strip
Neg.
Pos.
-45.8
24.7
low
low
2.34
1.20
Steel bars
10#4
10#4
12#4
10#4
Spacing (in.)2hs 14 in.
12
12
10
12
Mu (kip.ft)
As = bd (in.2)
Problem 17.8(a):
Strip
Mu (kip.ft)
As = bd2 (in.2)
Min. As = 0.0018bhs (in.2)
As ( min.=0.0033)
Bars selected
Spacing 15 in.
Ext.(-)
-5.62
low
1.3
1.9
10#4
12
Column strip
Pos.
Int.(-)
18.1
-22.2
low
low
1.3
1.3
1.9
1.9
10#4
10#4
12
12
56
Middle strip
Ext.(-)
Pos.
Int.(-)
-7.7
40.2
49.4
low
2.10
2.40
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.9
1.9
1.9
10#4
14#4
14#4
12
8.5
8.5
Problem 17.9:
Waffle slab (Interior panel)
Problem 17.10:
Waffle slab (Exterior panel)
Exterior Slab:
Mni = 1370.74 kip.ft; Mne = 509.12 kip.ft; Mp= 1018.3 kip.ft
Strip
Mu (kip.ft)
As = bd2 (in.2)
Min. As = 0.0035bh (in.2)
Bars selected #8
Bars per rib #8
Column strip
Ext.(-)
Int.(-)
Pos.
509.12
1028.1
610.98
9.3
12.8
9.3
9.3
9.3
9.3
12
18
12
2
3
2
Middle strip
Ext.(-)
Int.(-)
Pos.
0
342.64
407.32
9.3
9.3
9.3
9.3
9.3
9.3
12
12
12
0
1
2
Interior Slab:
Mn = -1272.83 kip.ft; Mp= 685.37 kip.ft
Strip
Mu (kip.ft)
As = bd2 (in.2)
Min. As = 0.0035bh (in.2)
Bars selected #8
Spacing
Column strip
negative
-954.6
12
9.3
16
3
Middle strip
Positive Negative
411.22 -318.23
9.3
9.3
9.3
9.3
12
12
2
1
57
Positive
274.15
9.3
9.3
12
1
CHAPTER 18
STAIRS
Problem 18.1:
1) Wu (on stairs) = 386 lb/ft
Wu (on landing) = 326 lb/ft
2) Calculate the maximum bending moment and steel reinforcement
a) Mu = 13.37 kip.ft; Use #5 bars @ 7 in.; For 5.5 in. width stairs, use 10#5 bars
b) Transverse reinforcement for shrinkage: use #4 bars @ 12 in. (As = 0.2 in.2)
4) Design of landing: Use #4 bars @ 12 in. (As = 0.2 in.2)
5) Check shear (stairs): Vu = 2.4 kip < Vc/2 = 3.45 kip, no shear reinforcement required.
6) Check shear at loading: Vud = 1.2 kip < Vc/2 OK
Problem 18.4:
1) Wu (on stairs) = 252.2 lb./ft
Wu (on landing) = 194 lb./ft
2) Maximum bending moment and steel reinforcement:
Mu = 0.80 kip.ft; Use #3 bars @ 12 in. (As = 0.11 in.2)
3) Since Vu = 0.567 kip < Vc/2, no shear reinforcement is required. But it is recommended to
use stirrups #3 @ 4 in. to hold the main reinforcement.
4) Design of supporting beam: As = 1.5 in.2, use 3#7 (As = 1.8 in.2)
5) Check beam A for torsion when L.L. acts on one side of stairs.
Ta = 17.75 kip.in. < Tu = 38.4 kip.in.; Torsional reinforcement is needed and section is not
adequate. Use #3 closed stirrups @ 4 in.
58
CHAPTER 19
INTRODUCTION TO PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
Problem 19.1:
1. For the given section: top= 564 psi (Compression) ; bottom= +624 psi (tension)
Both stresses are less than the ACI allowable stresses at transfer.
Both stresses are less than the allowable stresses after all losses.
2. Allowable uniform live load after all losses:
a) based on top fibers stress: WL = 1.94 kip/ft
b) based on bottom fibers stress: WL = 1.35 kip/ft, controls.
Allowable live load = 1.35 kip/ft based on tensile stress controls.
Problem 19.2:
Loss from
Elastic shortening
Shrinkage
Creep of concrete
Relaxation of steel
Total losses =
Additional losses
Total =
Total F = 300.76 kip
Problem 19.3:
Loss from
Elastic shortening
Shrinkage
Creep of Concrete
Relaxation of steel
Friction
Total losses =
Total F = 415 kip.
stress ksi
12.3
8.4
15.29
4.24
40.23
3.39
43.62
Stress ksi
8.52
5.60
8.02
4.20
13.2
39.54
Problem 19.4:
a) Total moment, MT = 1339.5 kip.ft
MD = 320.26 kip.ft, and MT = 1339.5 kip.ft to get critical e's.
emax= 22.45 in. and emin = 15.78 in. e (used) = 17.24 in.
b) Section at 12 ft from midspan, (16 ft from support) :
MD = 261.44 kip.ft, ML = 512 kip.ft, MT = 1093. 44 kip.ft
e max = 21.15 in. , e min = 8.66 in. , e(used) = 14.1 in.
c) Section at 10 ft from the support (18 ft from midspan):
MD = 187.91 kip.ft, ML = 368 kip.ft, MT =785.9 kip.ft; e(used) = 10.12 in.
d) Section at 3 ft from the support (25 ft from midspan):
MD = 64.95 kip.ft, ML = 127.2 kip.ft, MT = 271.65 kip.ft
59
percentage
7.26
4.96
9.02
2.50
23.74
2.00
25.74
Percentage
4.87
3.36
4.80
2.50
7.93
23.46
Problem 19.5:
M D = 712.3 kip.ft (total D.L) and ML= 627.2 kip.ft; Fi used = 544 kip which is adequate.
If MD =320.26 kip.ft (self-weight) is used, then ML = MT - MD = 1019.24 kip.ft
Fi (min.) = 349.5 k and Fi (max) = 1616.6 kip
Problem 19.6:
1. MD (self-weight) = 349.7 kip.ft = 4196 kip.in.
2. Estimate prestress losses: F = 140.9 ksi, = 0.839
3. Limits of eccentricity at midspan:
MD (self-weight) = 349.7 kip.ft = 4196 kip.in. ; F = 487 kip.
e max = 19.7 in. , e min = 13.7 in.
4. Limits of eccentricity at 22 ft from support:
MD = 3787 kip.in., Ma = 9979 kip.in., MT = 13766 kip.in.
5. Limits of e at 11 ft from support.
MD = 2389 kip.in., Ma = 6296 kip.in., MT = 8685 kip.in.
6. Limits of e at 3 ft from support:
MD = 750 kip.in., Ma = 1976 kip.i n . , M T = 2726 kip.in.
7. Fi used = 580.6 ksi is adequate.
Problem 19.7:
1. Stresses at level of tendon due to D.L.
Fi = 165.16 ksi
2. Loss due to shrinkage = 8.4 ksi
3. Loss due to creep = 1.5; Elastic strain = 0.002414; Creep loss = 10.14 ksi
4. Loss due to relaxation of steel = 7 ksi
= 0.845 and F = 482.5 kip.
Total Mn = 2591.6 kip.ft, Mu = 2332.5 kip.ft.
1.2 Mcr = 1825.5 kip.ft. < Mn.
Section is adequate.
Problem 19.8:
a) Camber at transfer = -1.089 + 0.424 = -0.665 in. (upward).
b) Deflection at service load = 0.553 in. (downward)
Problem 19.9:
Wu = 3.22 kip/ft
Vu (at h/2 from support) = 96.6 kip
Mu (at h/2 from support) = 199.64
e at midspan = 18.5 in., e @ 2 ft from the support = 1.7 in.
Use #3 stirrups spaced at 14.5 in. all over.
Problem 19.10:
Beam acts as a T-section.
Mn = 1950.8 kip.ft; Mn = 1755.7 kip.ft
60
CHAPTER 20
SEISMIC DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES
Problem 20.1:
SMS = 1.64 g; SM1 = 0.496 g; SDS = 1.09 g; SD1 = 0.33 g
Seismic design category is D.
Problem 20.2:
SMS = 1.3 g; SM1 = 0.6 g; SDS = 0.87 g; SD1 = 0.40 g
SDC = D; V = 13.16 kip
Lateral seismic forces are: F1 = 5.98 k; F2 = 7.18 k
Problem 20.3:
SMS = 0.825 g; SM1 = 0.32 g; SDS = 0.55 g; SD1 = 0.21 g, SDC = D; CS = 0.066
N
Wi [kip]
hi (ft)
wihi
Cvx
Fx [kip]
5
1000
50
50000
0.333
110
4
1000
40
40000
0.267
88
3
1000
30
30000
0.2
66
2
1000
20
20000
0.133
44
1
1000
10
10000
0.067
22
150000
330
Problem 20.4:
Location Mu (kip.ft)
Support
-265.5
131
Mid-span 82.8
As (in.2)
3.6
1.8
1.2
Reinforcement
6No.7
3No.7
2No.7
Mn (kip.ft)
322.6
168
113
Problem 20.5:
For 5 No.8 bars; As = 3.95 in2; Wu = 4.35 kip/ft
Design shear = 105 kip; Earthquake induced force = 52.8 kip
Use No. 3 hoops
A 11 in. spacing started at 62 in. from the face of support will be sufficient.
Problem 20.6:
Ash = 0.636 in.2: Use 4 No. 4 ties
Shear strength: Vu =120 kip; Vc = 90 kip; Vs = 252 kip
Problem 20.7:
e = 115 in; Mn = 76923 kip.ft; Pn = 8000 kip
Rn = 0.132; Mn = 1995840 kip.ft > 76923 kip.ft (OK)
Special boundary elements are needed
Transverse reinforcement of the boundary element:
Use no.4 hoops and crossties; Smax = 6 in; Ash = 0.954 in2: Use 5 No.4 crossties
61
Vx [kip]
110
198
264
308
330
CHAPTER 21
BEAMS CURVED IN PLAN
Problem 21.1:
Moment
For the section at support, Mu = 187 kip-ft, As = 3.11 in 2
For the section at mid-span, M u = 94.52 k - ft. , As = 1.47 in 2
Maximum torsional moment, Tu = 18.90 k - ft.
Shear at the point of maximum torsional Moment = 60.55 kip
Stirrups #4 @ 5 in. c/c
Longitudinal Bars, Al = 0.81 in.2
Sectional Details
a) The total area of top bars is 3.11 + 0.27 = 3.38 in.2, use 4 # 9 bars (negative moment)
b) The total are of bottom bars is 1.47 + 0.27 = 1.74 in.2 , use 2 # 9 bars at the corner
c) At middepth, use 2 # 4 bars (0.4 in.2)
Problem 21.2:
V A = 1.57 Wu r = (1.57)(10.7)(6) = 100.8 kip

M A = -Wu r2 = -(10.7)(36)2 = -385.2 kip-ft, As = 3.3 in 2 (Top Steel)
T A = -0.3 Wu r2 = -0.3(10.7)(36)2 = 115.56 kip-ft
Mc = 0.273 Wu r2 = (0.273)(10.7)(36)2 = 105.2 kip-ft
TC = VC = 0
# 4 Stirrups, 2 braches, s = 3.89 in., use #4 @ 3.5 in.
Distribution bars:
Bottom bars = 3.15/3 = 1.05 in.2 , use 2 # 7 (1.21 in.2 )
Mid-depth bars , use 2 # 7 bars
Top bars = 3.3 + 1.05 = 4.35 in.2, use 6 # 8 bars in one row (4.71 in.2 )
Problem 21.3:
M C =134.11 kip-ft, TC =0
M D = -58.20 kip-ft, TD = 52.46 kip-ft
62
Problem 21.4:
Design for M A = -601.77 kip-ft As = 4.2 in 2
Vu = 103.6 k.ft., Tu = 281.1 k.ft

# 4 Stirrups, 4 braches, Av = 2(0.2) = 0.4 in 2 , Spacing; s = 6.31 in., use #4 @ 6 in.
Longitudinal reinforcement: Al = 6.19 in.2 Maximum spacing = Ph / 8 = 108 / 8 = 13.5 in.
Distribution of bars: Bottom bars = 4 # 7 ( As = 2.41 in.2 ), Mid-depth bars, use 2 # 9 bars, Top
bars = 6.3 in.2, use 5 # 10 bars in one row ( As = 6.33 in.2 )
Problem 21.5:
M C = 55.09 kip-ft, As = 0.0033 12 21.5 = 0.86 in 2

M A = - 296.91 kip-ft, As = 0.0150 12 21.5 = 4.2 in 2
TA = 31.81 kip-ft
TC = 31.81 kip-ft
Use # 4 Closed Stirrups, s = 0.2/0.0453 = 4.4 in., use #4 @ 4 in.
Longitudinal reinforcement: Al = 1.47 in.2 , Al / 3 = 0.50 in.2
For section at support;
Bottom bars, As = 0.5 in.2 , use 2 # 5 bars ( As = 0.61 in.2 )
Mid-depth bars, As = 0.5 in.2 , use 2 # 5 bars
Top bars = 3.87 + 0.5 = 4.37 in.2, use 6 #8 bars in two row ( As = 4.71 in.2 )
For section at mid-span
Bottom bars, = 0.86 + 0.5 = 1.36 in.2, use 2 #8 bars ( As = 1.57 in.2 )
Mid-depth bars, use 2 # 5 bars
Top bars, use 2 # 5 bars
63

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Solution Manual 6th Ed

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Solutions Manual For Students 6th Edition

Properties of Reinforced Concrete

Flexural Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beams

Flexural Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams

Shear and Diagonal Tension

Deflection and Control of Cracking

Development Length of Reinforcing Bars

Design of Deep Beams by the Strut-and Tie Method

One Way Slabs

Axially Loaded Columns

Members in Compression and Bending

Design for Torsion

Continuous Beams and Frames

Design of Two-Way Slabs

Introduction to Prestressed Concrete

Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures

Beams curved in Plan

For t = 118 days:

s (t ) = ( shu )( K h ) S (t ) = (804.9 106 )(0.875)(0.776) = 546.5 106 mm/mm

3.013 6.947 8.029

Prob. Prob. Prob. Prob. Prob. Prob. Prob. Prob. Prob.

3.258 6.166 6.166 6.187

6.511 6.512 6.988 2.769

Mu1 (kip.ft) 402

Mu2 (kip.ft) 152

3.996 4.428 5.904 7.128 5.328 3.564

9.674 10.09 7.839 4.784 6.376 4.925 5.299

1.88 1.0425 2.12

Comp. bars 1#9

20.24 51.73 51.73 51.84

Problems 4.3: (continued)

I cr = 11268 in.4 ; I e = 11217 in.4 < I g

I cr = 10750 in.4 ; I e = 10767in.4 < I g

Additional long-term deflection = 1.29 in.

Problems 9.2(a) - 9.2(j):

Problem 10.3(a) - 10.3(h): Square and Rectangular Columns.

Problem 10.3(i) 10.3(L): Spiral Columns.

11-2-a to 11-2-l. Compression controls:

(12 Problems); = 0.65

11-3-a to 11-3-l. Tension controls: e = 24 in. (12 Problems)

17.18 17.41 20.63

49.67 59.32 72.09

Problem 13.2: Square Footings.

Problem 13.3: Rectangular Footings:

Problem 13.4: Rectangular footings.

Problem 13.5: Plain concrete wall footings:

Factor of safety against overturning = 2.91 > 2.0

Problem 14.3 (e):

EARTH PRESSURE FORCES AND MOMENTS:

FACTOR OF SAFETY AGAINST OVERTURNING

2. Earth pressure forces and moments:

3. Sliding: F.S.= 1.23 less than 1.5, NO GOOD;

Problem 14.6 (e) to (h):

Tcr = 349.8 K .in.

Tcr = 170.8 K .in.

Tcr = 251.9 K .in.

Tcr = 449.6 K .in.

h (in.) Totol floor

Problem 17.2 (a):

Min. As = 0.0018bhs (in.2)

Spacing = b/No.2hs18 in.

Long & Short Direction

Spacing (in.)2hs 14 in.