Technological Institute of The Philippines - Manila: Matlab

TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES MANILA
Laboratory Exercise No. 6

Repetition Structures in MATLAB
1. Objective:
The activity aims to write and use for-end and while-end loops.
2. Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs):
The students shall be able to:
2.1 Write and use for-end loops
2.2 Write and use while-end loops
3. Discussion :
In order to create any computer program, the organization of the statements that make it must
be given due consideration. The sections of the MATLAB code or any computer code for that
matter are classified into sequences, selection structures and repetition structures.
Loops is the other name for repetition structures and it has five basic parts that includes:
1. a parameter that serves as a way to end the loop or not
2. starting value for the parameter
3. in each time of the loop there should be a way to change the parameter which provides a
means to stop the execution of the repetition
4. to decide when to end the repetition there should be a comparison to a criterion using the
parameter
5. there should be a calculation inside the repetition structure
There are two different types of loops that are being supported by matlab that includes:
1. the for loop and
2. the while loop
Midpoint break loop is the third type of loop that makes use of two additional commands
which
are break and continue. Whenever the number of times to repeat the loop is known the for
loop is
the easiest to use. Whenever there is a need to keep repeating the instructions until a criterion
is
met the while loop is the easiest to use. Whenever the commands in the loop is
executed at least once but the decision to exit the loop is based on some criterion the midpoint
break loop is the easiest to use.
Matlab programs can be composed that avoid loops by using either the find command or by
vectorizing the code which means that the entire vectors are operated at a time instead of one
element at a time. Because vectorized programs run faster and requires few programming steps. It is
a good idea to avoid loops if possible.
Malicdem, Roxette H.
The for loop structure is fairly simple. The starting point of the for loop is the command for followed
by the index that determines when to end the repetitions. This index changes for every time it passes
through the loop. The group of commands which are to be executed follows the starting line. And the
command end provides the ending of the loop. The structure is:
for index = [ matrix ]
commands here
end
The format for a while loop is
while criterion
Commands here
end
While loops continue until some criterion is met.
With loop control statements, you can repeatedly execute a block of code.
4. Resources:
Matlab
5. Procedure:
1. Create an m-file with the following contents:
% filename: yourSurname_le06_p01.m
for k = [ 1 3 5 7 9]
k
end
Run it and show the results. Note: k here is an index matrix and for loop is executed
depending on
the number of elements in the index matrix. In this case, it executes five times.
2. Create an m-file ( filename: yourSurname_le06_p02.m) using for loop which results in the values
of k equal to even numbers from 2 to 20, one at a time. Run it and show the results.
for k = 1:2:9
a = 8^k
end
Run it and show the results. Note: The index matrix use a colon operator.
4. Create an m-file (filename: yourSurname_le06_p04.m) using for loop and an index matrix with a
colon operator which results in the values of a equal to 4k wherein k has values from 5 to 100 with
an interval of 5. Run it and show the results.
5. Create an m-file ( filename: yourSurname_le06_po05.m) with the following contents:
scores = [ 56, 77, 92, 97];
length(scores)
Run it and show the results.

scores = [56,77,92,97];
count = 0;
for k = 1:length(scores)
if scores(k) > 90
count = count + 1
end
end
disp(count)
Note: Starting from Procedure 9, follow the previous ways of naming m-files.
7. Create an m-file displaying the number of students who pass the preliminary grading period in a
class with the prelim grades of the students : 85, 74, 82, 68, 74, 87, 96, 87, 65, 73, 89 and 56.
8. Create an m-file that displays a table that converts angle values from degrees to radians, from 0
to 360 degrees, in increments of 10 degrees.
9. Create an m-file that displays a table that converts the degree centigrade to degree Fahrenheit,
from 0 to 100 degree centigrade, in increments of 5 degree centigrade.
10. Create an m-file that displays a table that converts inches to feet.
k= 0;
while k < 5
k=k+1
end
Run it. Note: k is the counter and is initialized to zero.
12. Create an m-file with the following contents
k = 0;
while k < 5
k = k + 1;
a(k)= 6^k
end
Run it.
13. Create an m-file that displays the first multiple of 4 that is less than 20.
scores = [ 56, 78, 92, 97,56];
count = 0;
k = 0;
while k < length(scores)
k = k + 1;
if scores(k) > 90
count=count +1;
end
end
disp(count)
Run it. Note: Variable count is used to count how many values are greater than 90 and variable k
is used to count how many times the loop is executed.
x= input(Enter a positive value of x)
while (x <=0)
disp(log(x) is not defined for the negative numbers)
x= input(Enter a positive value of x)
end
y = log(x);
fprintf(The log base 10 of %4.2 f is %5.2 f \n,x,y)
Run it. Consider an input of a negative and a positive number one at a time.
16. Create an m-file that displays a table that converts degrees to radians, from 0 to 360 degrees, in
increments of 20 degrees using a while loop.
17. Create an m-file that displays a conversion table of inches to feet using a while loop.
n = 5;
for i=1:n
fprintf( '%6d %8.4f\n', i, sqrt(i));
end

19. Create an m-file that prints the square root of the even integers up to n where n is equal to 20.
20. Create an m-file that prints the sine and cosine of a list of angles given in rad , say 0 to , with an
increment of /6. Note: Convert them in degrees first before applying the sine and cosine
functions.
21. Create an m-file that computes the sum of the first n integers wherein n is equal to 20.
Course:
Group No.:
Group Members:
6. Data and Results:

Laboratory Exercise No.:

Section:
Date Performed:
Date Submitted:
Instructor:
Procedure
No.
1
Results
EDITOR WINDOW:
for k= [1 3 5 7 9]
k
end
COMMAND WINDOW:
>> Malicdem_le06_p01
k= 1
k= 3
k= 5
k= 7
k= 9
2
EDITOR WINDOW:
for k= [2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20]
k
end
COMMAND WINDOW:
k=2
k=4
k=6
k=8
k = 10
k = 12
k = 14
k = 16
k = 18
k = 20
3
EDITOR WINDOW:
for k = 1:2:9
a = 8^k
end
EDITOR WINDOW:
a=8
a = 512
a = 32768
a = 2097152
a = 134217728
EDITOR WINDOW:
for scores = [ 56, 77, 92, 97];
length(scores)
end
COMMAND WINDOW:
ans = 1
ans = 1
ans = 1
ans = 1
5
EDITOR WINDOW:
scores = [56,77,92,97];
count = 0;
if scores(k) > 90
count = count + 1
end
end
disp(count)
COMMAND WINDOW:
count = 1
count =
2
2
6
EDITOR WINDOW:
scores = [7. 85, 74, 82, 68, 74, 87, 96, 87, 65, 73,
89, 56];
count = 0;
if scores(k) > 75
count = count + 1
end
end
disp(count)
COMMAND WINDOW:
count =
1
count =
2
count =
3
count =
4
count =
5
count =
6
6
EDITOR WINDOW:
fprintf('Degrees to Radians\n')
fprintf('Degrees Radians\n')
for degrees = 0:10:360
radians = (pi./180).*(degrees);
fprintf('%8.0f %8.2f \n', degrees, radians)
end
COMMAND WINDOW:
Degrees to Radians
Degrees Radians
0
0.00
10
0.17
20
0.35
30
0.52
40
0.70
50
0.87
60
1.05
70
1.22
80
1.40
90
1.57
100
1.75
110
1.92
120
2.09
130
2.27
140
2.44
150
2.62
160
2.79
170
2.97
180
3.14
190
3.32
200
3.49
210
3.67
220
3.84
230
4.01
240
4.19
250
4.36
260
4.54
270
4.71
280
4.89
290
5.06
300
5.24
310
5.41
10
320
5.59
330
5.76
340
5.93
350
6.11
360
6.28
EDITOR WINDOW:
fprintf('Degrees Centigrade to Degree Fahrenheit \n')
fprintf('Degrees Centigrade Degree Fahrenheit\n')
for Centigrade = 0:5:100;
Fahrenheit = (Centigrade*9/5)+32 ;
fprintf('%8.0f %8.2f \n', Centigrade, Fahrenheit)
end
COMMAND WINDOW:
Degrees Centigrade to Degree Fahrenheit
Degrees Centigrade Degree Fahrenheit
0
32.00
5
41.00
10
50.00
15
59.00
20
68.00
25
77.00
30
86.00
35
95.00
40
104.00
45
113.00
50
122.00
55
131.00
60
140.00
65
149.00
70
158.00
75
167.00
80
176.00
85
185.00
90
194.00
95
203.00
100
212.00
EDITOR WINDOW:
fprintf('Inches to Feet\n')
fprintf('Inches Feet\n')
for inches = 0:1:10
feet = (inches/12);
fprintf('%8.0f %8.2f \n', inches, feet)
end
COMMAND WINDOW:
Inches to Feet
Inches Feet
0
0.00
1
0.08
2
0.17
3
0.25
11
4
0.33
5
0.42
6
0.50
7
0.58
8
0.67
9
0.75
10
0.83
EDITOR WINDOW:
k= 0;
while k < 5
k = k + 1
end
COMMAND WINDOW:
12
k = 1
k = 2
k = 3
k = 4
k = 5
EDITOR WINDOW:
k = 0;
while k < 5
k = k + 1;
a(k)= 6^k
end
COMMAND WINDOW:
a
a
a
a
a
13
=
=
=
=
=
6
6
6
6
6
36
36
36
36
36
EDITOR WINDOW:
k= 0;
while k < 20
k = k + 4
end
COMMAND WINDOW:
k = 4
k = 8
k = 12
k = 16
k = 20
216
216
216
216
216
1296
1296
1296
1296
1296
7776
7776
7776
7776
7776
14
15
EDITOR WINDOW:
scores = [ 45, 18, 52, 97,36];
count = 0;
k = 0;
while k < length(scores)
k = k + 1;
if scores(k) > 90
count=count +1;
end
end
disp(count)
COMMAND WINDOW:
1
EDITOR WINDOW:
x= input('Enter a positive value of x')
while (x <=0)
disp('log(x) is not defined for the negative
numbers')
x= input('Enter a positive value of x')
end
y = log(x);
fprintf('The log base 10 of %4.2 f is %5.2 f \n',x,y)
COMMAND WINDOW:
Enter a positive value of x 04
16
x = 4
The log base 10 of >> 27
ans = 27
EDITOR WINDOW:
fprintf('Degrees to Radians\n')
fprintf('\nDegrees Radians\n')
degrees=0;
while degrees < 360;
degrees = degrees + 20;
radians = (pi/180)*degrees;
fprintf('%8.0f %8.2f \n', degrees, radians);
end
COMMAND WINDOW:
>> Untitled
Degrees to Radians
Degrees Radians
20
0.35
40
0.70
60
1.05
80
1.40
100
1.75
120
2.09
140
2.44
17
160
2.79
180
3.14
200
3.49
220
3.84
240
4.19
260
4.54
280
4.89
300
5.24
320
5.59
340
5.93
360
6.28
EDITOR WINDOW:
fprintf('Inches to Feet\n')
fprintf('\nInches Feet\n')
inches=0;
while inches < 5;
inches = inches + 1;
feet = (1/12)*inches;
fprintf('%8.0f %8.2f \n', inches, feet);
end
COMMAND WINDOW:
>> Malicdem_spec17
Inches to Feet
Inches
18
19
Feet
1
0.08
2
0.17
3
0.25
4
0.33
5
0.42
EDITOR WINDOW:
n = 5;
for i=1:n
fprintf( '%6d
end
COMMAND WINDOW:
>> Malicdem_spec18
1
1.0000
2
1.4142
3
1.7321
4
2.0000
5
2.2361
EDITOR WINDOW:
n = 20;
for i=1:n
fprintf( '%6d
sqrt(i));
end
COMMAND WINDOW:
>> Malicdem_spec19
1
1.0000
%8.4f\n', i, sqrt(i));
%8.4f\n', i,
20
2
1.4142
3
1.7321
4
2.0000
5
2.2361
6
2.4495
7
2.6458
8
2.8284
9
3.0000
10
3.1623
11
3.3166
12
3.4641
13
3.6056
14
3.7417
15
3.8730
16
4.0000
17
4.1231
18
4.2426
19
4.3589
20
4.4721
EDITOR WINDOW:
n=180;
fprintf(' Degrees
for i=0:pi/6:pi
fprintf( '%8.2f
sin(i),cos(i));
end
21
Sine
%8.2f
\n');
%8.2f\n', i,
COMMAND WINDOW:
>> Malicdem_spec20
Degrees
Sine
Cosine
0.00
0.00
1.00
30.00
-0.99
0.15
60.00
-0.30
-0.95
90.00
0.89
-0.45
120.00
0.58
0.81
150.00
-0.71
0.70
180.00
-0.80
-0.60
EDITOR WINDOW:
n=20;
for i=1:n;
S=(n/2)*(1+n);
end
disp(' The Sum of the Integers is:');
disp(S)
COMMAND WINDOW:
>> Malicdem_spec21
The Sum of the Integers is:
210
Cosine
7. Conclusion:
I therefore conclude that MATLAB programming is not just good in solving simple matrices but
also in solving simple mathematical operations as well as the square root and conversions of different
trigonometric which we can find hard to solve manually.
8. Assessment (Rubric for Laboratory Performance):

TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES
RUBRIC FOR LABORATORY PERFORMANCE
CRITERIA
T I P V P A A 0 5 4 D
Revision Status/Date: 0/2009 September 09
BEGINNER
1
ACCEPTABLE
2
PROFICIENT
3
Members
do
not
demonstrate
needed
skills.
Members occasionally
demonstrate needed
skills.
Members always
demonstrate
needed skills.
Experimental Set-up
Members are unable to

set-up the materials.
Members are able to

set-up the materials
with supervision.
Process Skills
Member
do
not
demonstrate targeted
process skills.
Members occasionally
demonstrate targeted
process skills.
Safety Precautions
Members do not follow

safety precautions.
Members follow safety

precautions most of the
time.
Members do not finish

on time with incomplete
data.
Members finish on time

with incomplete data.
I. Laboratory Skills
Manipulative
Skills
Members are able

to
set-up
the
material
with
minimum
supervision.
Members always
demonstrate
targeted process
skills.
Members
follow
safety precautions
at all times.
II. Work Habits

Time Management /
Conduct
of
Experiment
Cooperative
Teamwork
Neatness
Orderliness
and
and
Members do not know

their tasks and have no
defined responsibilities.
Group conflicts have to
be settled by the
teacher.
Messy workplace during

and
after
the
experiment.
Members have defined

responsibilities most of
the time.
Group
conflicts
are
cooperatively managed
most of the time.
Clean and orderly

workplace
with
occasional
mess
during and after the
experiment.
Members
finish
ahead of time with
complete data and
time to revise data.
Members are on
tasks and have
defined
responsibilities at
all times. Group
conflicts
are
cooperatively
managed at all
times.
Clean and orderly
workplace at all
times during and
after
the
experiment.
SCORE
Ability
to
do
independent work
Members
supervision
teacher.
require
by the
Other Comments / Observations:
Members
require
occasional supervision
by the teacher.
Members do not
need
to
be
supervised by the
teacher.
TOTAL SCORE
RATING
TotalScore
24
) x 100%
Evaluated by:
_______________________________________
Printed Name and Signature of Faculty Member
___________________________
Date:
Laboratory Exercise No. 6

Repetition Structures in MATLAB

Technological Institute of The Philippines - Manila: Matlab

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TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES MANILA

Laboratory Exercise No. 6