I

?D

'?0

'uf*^ Ctt,

I number ctfprotohsthe same as the total number of

1. In whichof the followingronsis the
neutrons.but the totalnumber
s is more than the total number of electrons?
[1/2000]
D. OHE. OD'
B H.o.
A. H-

1a.,.'LbSl

g'tlb'
rB + 1A' --)

( '

/
'6":::T"2

9. Boron has two

completelywith

e-ry+

ffi

Y,iy'-

=i
h(u)
n(n,}{r)'=

regardto thenumberof electrons

andnumberof neutrons
l1t2o02l
Numberof electrons Number
of neutrons
44 v/
34

2. Which of the
rn the particles

19

k=#
L

ir

l=

{f '")
,qt,nj"

10

by magnesitrmoxidereactscompletelywith 22.0
t3 At {y'ample
of magnesiumwhichis contaminated
',
dcidtcievolvd448 cirl" of hydtogehgas at S.t.p.What is the
cm' $f 2.0 mol dm-' hydrochlorlc
pert'ntage by mass of magnesiumoxidein the sdfiple?
_[19/2003]
IRe/ativeatomic masses O = 16 Mg = Z4; 1 inol of gas 0ccupiesa volume of 22.4 dm" at s.t.pl
l6e,ifatrve
B. 16.67
C. s000
D.83.33

10. An elerhiitX wiih the electionicconfiqurationol 1s22s22o

'X
hevb 38 and 40 neijhons respectively.Whdt
and
A 35.0
B. 45.5
C. 54.5

4. An aro^>I*i,n , nucleonnumberof 1I forms X2-ion which is rsoelectronicwitn ,','lNeatom.

11

"r::4i?"

9^'::.'
AtomX h73

Neutron

c
'

5.

8
'10
12
l)/'

ano

isotopes?
A. Stability

10
8
o

C. Nucleonnumber

[1/2006]
D. Relativeisotooicmass

'as
s ih the manufactuieof nitricacid by the Ostwald process
follows:4NH3+5O2)4NO+6HzO
2NO+Oz)2NO2
3NO2+H2O)2HNO3+NO
What is the theoreticalpercentageyield of nitricacid obtained
mol of NH3?
127t20O61
A. 24o/a
B. 31o/o
c. s0%
67%
6. The rea

7. Tritium, I, is a radioactiveisotopeof hydrogen;slowly tur

a heliumisotope,He. Which
r-,r , t[1l2oo7l
statementis true of the two isotopes?
? =
ll'tand He have the same nuclearcharge. \rrI.{A/oA
.\f
1 | i
)EfX anOHe have the same number of neutralsub-atomicparticles.
(Q)YHe- are
pointIn
and ne
ate oerlecleo
deflectedto tne
the same pornt
in a magnetrc
magneticfteld
fieldwhose
whosestrength
strengthis not varied.
varied.
9/ r - ano
D f and He- have the same number of chargedsub-atomicparticles.
B. The percentageof ironin a haemoglobin
moleculeis 0.33%. lfa
ccnsrstsof four iron(ll)ions,what is the relativemolecularmass of
[Relativeatomicmass of Fe is 55.8]
A . 6 . 6 6x 1 0 2
B . 4 . 1 6x 1 0 3
C . 1 . 6 7x 1 0 4
6 . 6 6x 1 0 4

molecule
11/20081

23dto4ptexistsas isotopes
abundanceof'X?
[1/2009]

the laboratory.A 2 0 0 g o f
which is used as a fertilizercan be
What is the volume ammonragas
chloridereactswith 2.00 g of calcium hydroxide.
at roomtemperature?
l24t2o09l
molecull mEssof NHaCIis 53.5and Ca(OH)zis 74.0;molar
of gas at room

temperature
is 24
A. 329cmo

^d^t ^,u isotopes

of carbon.Which of the followingis the same for the
uclearcharge

?=31

l4t2004l

Proton
10
8
10
12

r v\.r

}-1 lvrq/

Withrelativeisotopicmassesof 10 and 11. when 1.00g of boronreacts

ride,
t,i:;.f,jlgi"ed. whichs,unh'hofi"lztl8at
1.2789of boronhyd

cm3

eNHa6l
t Cc(od)z
-r-NLls-

12cm3

C. 678 cm3

12
to
3 : 1. Which statementaboutthe mass soectrum
A.
base peak correspondsto N'ion
B . The m/e value for the last oeak is 123.

'

-+

zt/ro

35Cl
The relativeabundanceof
1 6*q1
sistrue?
I1l2O10l

The numberof peaksfor NCls*ion is 4.

The relativeabundanceof N3sCls.ion to N37Clg*
ion is 3 : 1
13. Urea, (NH2)2CO,is a chemicalfertiliserwhich decomposes
carbon dioxide and ammonia
gas in the presenceof water. Calculatethe nurnberof gas
releasedwhen 5.0 g of urea
decomposescompletelyin water.
l2t2o11l
'14.0
and 16.0 respectively;Avogadro
[The relativeatomicmassesof H, C, N and O are 1.0, 1
constantis 6.0 x 1023mol'l.'l
A.
5.0 x 1023
6.
1.o x 1023
1.5 x 't023
D.
3.0 x 1023
1 4 .C

isotopeis used as a standardto determinethe atomic mass of an element.Which

carbon-12
is true?
isotopic
massis 12.01

A Its
B It

11t2O121

under normal conditions

the most stable isotooeof carbon
f lt has differentnumber of electron,proton and neutron

15. Sodium reactswith oxygento form sodium peroxide.What is the mass of sodium peroxide
formed when 0.50 g of sodium is completelyoxidised?
[Relativeatomismass of Na and O are 23.0 and 16.0 respectively.]
l2ot2o12l

-lNcr*0z-?Nqt0z
t

4U'

A. 0.67 g

859

C . 1 . 4g

D . 1 . 7g

16. Tetraethyllea9l{V),(CH:CHz)+Pb,is added to petroteumas an anti-knockagent, (CHgCHe)apb

is
preparedfrom.e{hene,CHzCHz, accordingto the followingreactions:
a1la113l
+HCl
CHzCHz+Clz)CHsCHzCl
4CH1CH2Q!/ + 4NaPb
)
(CHgCHz)aPb + 3pb
+ 4NaCl
Which saterlent about the reactionsis not true?
/
A. One m/e ot Clz producesone mole of CH3CH2C|.

ofCl2produce
onemoteot <Ci"cirlrpn./

AFour
\C/ Ond

its nucleonnumberis
charge of ion Y?
C. +1

18. An elementX with a

percentageabundanceof

scheme
n"t"' "*1ogl,f therorrowins
:"9fiT"
-or"-z
-,
Y';'
- { - ;f
x
v

the followingstatementsare correctregardingthe disintegrationabove?

Y havethe same nucleonnumbery'
fV, X, V andZ arefrom differentgroups in the Periodicf ade. /
The numberof neutronsin Y is the same as the numberof neutronsin Z.

[46/19e9]

2. The mass spectrumof an elementX is shown below. From the sDectrumshown. rt can be
concludedthat

(CH3CHz)4Pb
of HCI is formed for each mole off (CH3CHz)oPb
produced.S(
produced.5(
,/
is required
mole of (CHsCHz)rPbproduced.
? lgA, molesof CH2CH2
"/
The proton number of ion Y is

and it has the same number of

D. +2

l1t2014l

atomicmass 0f 28.1
of isotopes28X,2ex and 3ox.lf the
and 3oXare the sgqre, at is the percentageabundanceof 28X?

g7

A. 0.32

D. 96.7

I2t2O14l

30
1 9 . 2 8 ' , o Sai n d

are two isotopesof

relativeatomicmass ot Si is 28.1 Which
these isotopes?
11t201sj
2ErqSi
is
A.
than ^Si
14Siare radioactive.
./
3o,osi/
e abundantthan
number of sub-atomicparticlesin 281aSi
and 301osiis the same.X
D. The

statementis

&il;8ll

14 15
mass/charge
consistsof two isotopeswith relativeisotopicmass of 14 and '15

2. thenucleon
numberof X is 14.5.f/number
3. the

3.A

of protonsd
[46/2000]
Ifiand
'-W
of nitrogengas containsthe
i"otopes. Which of the follorving
r_atios
correspond(s)to N2' speciesthat could be found in the nrass spectrum of the
of X have a different

2. 29 ,/r/

mass spectrumof an element is shown below.

:: :.

Which statementis true about the element?

A. The element has two isotopes. . _
B. Peak X is due to a dipositivergD(

/ ,/
/delementx

.^

d,rn"
n

141t20051

, tq-/

statement(s)is/aretrue of the nuclidesof silicon, ;lSi and ilsi ?

The mass spectrumshows two peaks.
i:SiCl.and ;lSiCl.moleculeshavedifferentshapes.
lsotopejlsi is more reactivethan isotope;.Si.
5. The mass spectrumfor a diatomicgas W2 is givenbelow

[41/2O101

[41t2012]

12t20151

is a diatomic molecule
relativeatomic mass of the element is 38.

AbundanceiTo

and carbondioxideexhaledby astronauts

21. Lithiumoxideis usedto removewater
aboard a soace shuttle.The chemicaleoualionfor the reactionsinvolvedare shown below
2LiOH(s)
Li2O(s) + H2O(9) )

tt-iot-t(s) + lcoz(9) ) zLiHco3(s)

lf 50.0 kg of lithiumoxide is available,what is the maximum number of carbon dioxide

ttr
t!l
which can be removed?
16.0
respectively;
1.0,
12.0
and
masses
of
H,
Li,
C
and
O
are
6.9,
atomic
lRelative
tonstant is 6.02 x 1023mol''.1
2.02 x'1o27
c. 1.01 x 1027
B-.2.o2x1o2a
A. 1.0'1x 1024

L----- A--.--I---__

-e--*-*-j----

r58

ichstatemerit(s)
is/aretrueof thegas?
Therelativeatomicmassof W is 80

11
t I

160

162

tn/e

The elementW has two isotopeswith an abundancethat is almostth9 same

e'W ioD,/
The peak at the mass/chargeratio of 162 is producedby
2'

- -c---:I

L_1 9dv is_c9ll99-Ile!-Q-z- e!jv-er9-ciqgg--l-?-e-!gl 9!''!v9!e.-ctreg

lo*'
C0.*3
1. At
lemperature
andvolume,an idealgasX exertsa pressureof P atm whilehydrogen
D
- gas constant
exertsa pressureof 1.01Patm. Whichof thefollowingbestexplainsthisdifference'ipn691
A. Themovement
molecules
are random.
I hydrogen
j
B. lntermolecu
lq.vAttractiveforces
existbetweenhydrogen
molecules.

16[

l^,

'A-6J

fi The collisjs'nsbetweenhydrogenmoleculesand the walls of the containerare not elastic.

(Ql The tW( volume of the hydrogenmoleculescannot be ignoredwhen comparedwith the r
of th6 container
e. ?6e
E.
*(e kinetic
kinetic energy
enerov of the
the hydrogen
hvdrooenmolecules
moleculesis higher
hiohercompgred
comoared tg
to the
the kinqtF
kinerh energy
cnerov qf.tle
6'

molecules
of the idealgas.

= y1

6. The diagram below shows the crystallinelatticestructureof a compound Which of the following
types of unit cells representsthe latticestructure?
t13/20051

= _?!___
"h

or,B.0s
oramonoatomicsasX
andan
unknow"
n"#*f,)
C z lrnixture
o#.,nr-fuffi|
13 {
vvolume
o | u m of
e oVf Vm'at
m 3 as.t.p.
t s . t .When
p . W h20.0
e n ' 2g 0of0gas
s ^ oXI sis? added
: X i s a to
d dlhe
e dmixturelffi
,.tothemixture]-rjffinditions,\/.-gx
Y

gaEY in the mixture.

ihe volumeof the mixtureis 2V m". Calculate
thequantity'o\

[Relativeatomicmass: X =A Y =1. Assumingthat gas

A.1s
B2g
D5g

not react with gas Yl

?V-n &T

12t20001

*t
k,
#,
k=+ o v

Qss

Ammoniais an exampleof a non-idealgas

its moleculeis small.
the in
arestrong
c. the volume
by ammoniacan be ignored.
D . ammonrars
compressedat low temperatureand high pressure.

B 3A.

dtP/ftgo'

A. Monoclinic

12t20011

iiiloia $*'t

v
q

Pressure/ kPa

-- ,llVll-

Which of the followingstatementsis true of water and iodine?

- A. rWater and iodineare solidsat a temperatureof-0oCand a pressureof 12.0kPa.7
tce melts and subljnresat a temperaiureof Oof and a pressureof 0.66 kPa.X
f\/
fr6'iiil? when heated at atmosphericpressure. X
[d\efiniodine
-@
pressurqpf12.0
iodine
meltsar
r 14u-u
rr.u KHa
kPa.
ne merrs
at a remperarure
temperatureaoove
above 114
OoCano
and a pressur?
S\rio loof
u, solfo

l\

II

fV=nRT

,A -lo(
'1bv
500

L l-1' t I q
r.
r
r, I \ ?
,,'rov
O,t6l
:
"t-

c
yr.0
:

,'rJr.,',
A. 95 cm3

B . 1 1 ' 1c m 3

266 cm3

-q

1 , 1 3 vl a)

i\a.

),

t 7 3 rri6r*B

best describesthe mixtureof gases formed?

[812007]
oxygenthan nitrogenmoleculesare foundin the mixture.*
averagevelocitiesof nitrogenand oxygenmoleculesare the same./
The averagekineticenergiesof nitrogenand oxygenmoleculesare the sarne
Thereis no transferof kineticenergywhen nitrogenand oxygenmoleculescollide.X
A phasediagramof water is shownbelow.

,'t

hat can be deducedfrom the phasediagram?

9n increasein pressurewill decreasethe freezingpoint of water./
B.'An increasein pressurewill decreasethe boilingpointof water.r
C. lce sublimesat a pressurehigherthan 611 Pa.

12t20091

101kPal

ii;;
',t1 i,

lO0 mm

D. Rhombohedral

-'z

tr
gas pressure.A sampleof r$(ogengal is ptaoeofi aO
is a devicefor measuring
5. A manometer
in its ma-f,ffie diagrambelow
manometer
at 25oCuntilthereis an increaseof 0.100g.
close-end
showsthe heightof mercuryin the manometer.Whatis tliFfiluimeof nitrogengas in the
manometer?
17t2oosl
760mm Hg =
[Relativeatomicmass: N = 14.0;molargas constant= 8.31JK'1mol-1;

C. Orthorhombic

7.

&,

iodine are two examplesof simple covalentmolecules. The data on temperatures

ures at triplepointfor waterand iodineare given in the tablebelow

,L-

Triclinic

?,={1,r?!'

4. Water
and

l)q

ry

't+..:lf]."

1r

'10.When a
52 g# tlasXis filled with a gas at 200oC,the pressureproducedis 1.29 x 1OsPa. lf the
to 3.68 x 1OsPa. which statement
temperature ihen increasedto 400"C;thepressureincre'ases
explains
observations?
17t2o101
[Gas constant,R,, is 8.31J K-' mol'']
as obeys Boyle's Law
oas existsas a dimerat 200oC
The number of gas moleculesincreasesby 2.85 times at 400'C
D. The numberof collisionsbetweengas moleculesand the Wallof the flaskdoublesat 400oC

P r ' T?"
2.
-a,

_3

(
./n

'11. A mixtureof hydfogen ga*6d nitrogengas in a containeris maintainedat a pressureof-200

.
.-!tr and a temperatL'rtof 450"C. Which factor contributesto the deviationfrom an ideal gas
b e h a v i o uur n d e rI
11t2o11
(.
Molecularpolarisability
A,
forces
interaction
D
Kineticenergy

18. The phase diagramof substanceX is given below

-'r"
PrBsurc/nrn'
""1

tl

it

12. lffil gas obeys the followinglalvs except

B. Charles'slaw
A. Avogadro'slarv

C. Boyle's laur-

14. Gas X is colleclec uta 25O"rf\olrmetri" ftask atZ5o{until the pressureof the gas is /S.S
'1
kPa.The mass of ii in the flask is 0.118g at 25'C. What is the mass of mol of X ?
ef2o13)
py'=nRT.
r . isB 31J K'1mol-'.]
I T h e g a r sc o r ) s t a nR
A. 7.42 g
B 1 1 . : jg
C . 1 4 . 6g

@r

p for one mole of gases L a

15.The graphcf p\r/RTaoaii"rst

lli ,l-----t' ./

l2t2o12l

13. Dianrond,graohiteancjfullerenesare allotropesof carbon.Which statementis true of the three

allotrooesof carbon?
A. Theyare good
conduclors
droxider..'ncclmoletecombustion
hybril;5s6 orbitalsof their carbon atoms
C. They lr
D. They l;
str.rngcovalentbondingand weak van der Waalsforces.
17t2o12l

"-"-'-'..-""""/
/

_il

about the above phase dragramis true?

Which sl

17t2O14l

X existsas a solidat stp

lX sublimesat temperature
belowts triplepoint
increases{as pressure
freezingpointof liquidX clecreases
above31.1"C
X existsas a supercritical
fluidat temperatures
Substance
is the

1 9 . G a s X o f m a s s0 . 1 1 8g w a s f i l l e di n t oa 2 5 0 c m 3 f l a s k a t 2 9 8K a n d 7 3 . 5
mass of 1 mol of the gas? [Universalgas constantis 8.31J K-' nrol''.i
n
1 5 . 9g
g
A. 7.42g
B . 1 1 . 3g
c. '14.6

[st2o15)

20. The phasediagramofsubstanceX is shown below

111t20151

at 298 K is shown below

lrt
I .i

:00
Prssule/kPa

I )-/

100

-r00

t-

Which staterneritis ir ue ofr6ses L and M ?

(712013)
A The compressibility,/fgss M is more than that of gas L at pressureslower than x atm.
O f ne rep,lsiveyr6es betv;eenL moleculesexist at pressuresgreaterthan x ?tnt.z
C. The colliqffi beiu,eenl- moleculesare elasticat pressureslower than x atm
D. The atlracti'ycforces between M moleculesare sionificant
16. Fullerence,
Coo, ls one of car'ironallotropesfound in soot.Whch statementaboutfullerenceis

true?
A. lts carbonatomhas
)lts nrolecuiehas
17. Equai

pressure
A.
B.

Pruz
Pr'r:

trybridorbitals.
electrons.

What could be deducedfrom the phase diagram?

A. The meltingpoint of X
when the oressureincreases.

higherthanthe densityof its liquid

$r fne densityof
C. X existsas a gg,4t standard
temperature
andpressuref,
D. X condensgxffhen
the pressureincreases
at 3OO"C\

(8/2013)
C. ltsbondangleis smaller
thanthatof

graphite.
D. lts densityis
that of diamond.
s cf 1..|2.
NH3 and N2Oare injectedinto a vacuum
to produce a total
atm Which of the followingis true of the partial
of Nz , NHgand NzO ?
=
= Pru:o
PnHg
.
g,
Pruz <
PNzo
p,ur,s
.
< przo
a
<
Prz
PNna
(_y

0 100 100 300

l'mperatur.j"c

6peerrgd
i"-1".dr.dv

*;*! 1-,".

t;*

-o----l
llZt;daareagrrgq]

21. The table below shows the changes In pressurewith temperatureat constantvolume for three
gasesP, Q and R.

Pressureiatm
at 350K
at 400K

Gas

I.JJ

m5\4

L_
Whichqa

h'r

--

1.00

1.51

l _* _ 1 . 0 0

1.87

2.10
2.35

144/20031

show deviationfrom the ideal behavior?

s' R

at 450K
1.50
2.32
2.93

fl/--nK

+=+

(t;

Lqu
il*s
v-'
,1
Lb > 3

144t2o061

=t
?

, /s,)rt),Jfus"
)ez)sa2pL'

,K;;:f,9,",i",ff:',"1lffJ::ft"&tfl:T:';li$*v
(6)t{z{zpuls23pu3d

rundamentar
uncharged
o'ni3)!30?,'''

c.-1*2s22pu3.sr3p63d+d
B. 1*2s22p63s23p63d4s1
D. 1s22s22p63s23p63d104d
has the electronicconfigurationts22s22p"3s23p6g&J.wnicn ion does not exist?
-

'/ J,/\,/4nadium
0J voo'

At temperatureTl,
1.
the activationenergyis lower*
more moleculeshave lower energy,,/
fA
the totalnumberof moleculesremainsconstant.,/
[g J

7 a],
1-'
>a

A.
A

D.

D.vo'z-

(4t2ool)

B v. .

+-+

coppe(r)ionll surphide
ionll'
3d
4s and 3d

l F - )7J'o
.

I,rl?sr^|f
r-Lr- V?- .1,

,lflyL

3sand
3p

;:

rs"Is, \fL ?527y*

3s and 3p

_'_ ' ,, : s
---

-----. - .

t1

. ' , t , ,i *, , '
i

[jncr ts]

-""al

.:'*."

r l -"r t '

. " ,,

- i .
I

"""
ti'i *';ttt,"';r'3'"'
t ',i-S, ..,+;
.,a-"--..'

_L",

,;

3
,, _. 2

[3/2001]

I*-

3p

gy'ransitionof electronsbetweenenergylevelsin an atomwill causean absorptionor emissionof

,/Snt. Which energy level diagramshows the transitronof electronsthat emits lightwith the sLor-iest
(3/2009)
wavelength?

1An edment Z forms the Z2* ion with the electron configurationof 1f 2s2 2p6 3s23p6 3d. lf tne
ulelalive atomic mass of Z is given by the expression2x + 3, where x is its proton nugber, calculate
the numberof neutronsin the nucleusof the atom of elementZ.
g= W
I1l20O1)
I
8.28
c 29
A. 26
9gr

(.

c. vor.

of chalcociteore which is one of the sourcesof copper

/Copper(l)
t/ metal. In whichorbitalsare vSlenceelectronso{ goppe(l) ion and sulphideronfound? 'r+e'
t4120101

'.

. )1 Whal is the maximumnumber of emission lines possiblefor a hydrogenatom with electronic

energy levelsol n = 1. n = 2, and n =X
(3/1999)
A
1
8.2
D.4
E 5
(91 3

hichgraphshowsthat the element,X , is in GrogqlS of the PerioidicTable?

At(9

B.I'ot

*s
tF
sulphideis a component

__t_,_,

---

tt

',

.:\,

+"t.

D
Cncrgy

,,v,V"l

Whichof the
+.7Tneprotonnumbersof the elementsX, Y andZ are 14, 19 and 26 respectively.
(3l2OO2)
is truewithreqardtQX, Y AnC'7?
Jdlowing statements

A. Xisa d-brock
lii iia'tpC *
"r"'"'rragent. (
B. Yis a strongoxidizing

)5L Sole

C. Z exhibitsonly one oxidationstate in its compounds.d

with the formula of Xoa- exists as a polymer.
@ me oxide of i
(8/2005)
s/nnicn of the followingstatementsis true of the hydrogenline spectrum?
<-/ e. The number of lines in each series is the same.)<
y'
@ fne first line in each series has the lowest frequency.
C. The lines in a series become closer when the frequencydecreases.f,
D. The ionizationenergy of hydrogen can be calculatedfrom the frequency of the first line of
the Lymanseries.
X

Eleclronsmay fill s, p, dind f orbitals. Which statementis true of p orbitals?

@ o orbitjtscan form o and n bonds.
X
El 2p orbitalshavethe same energyas 2s orbitals.
C. The principalquantumnumbersof p orbitalsstartwith n = 3 X
D. p orbitalsare filledwith electronsaccordingto the Aufbau principle.

(3t2011)

FTrrr.r.fi

,'11. Somecompoundsof transitionelementsare paramagnetic

due to the presenceof unpaired
/ efectrons.Which ion has the most number of unpairedelectronsin its d orbitals? ,1 ^ (Q!2O11)
' Il9'
[The protonnumberJrfTi, V, Mn and Co are22,23.25 and27 respectivej;\ 7al
^^ -

torzsltle
+rJ)*flrw'

Yo'-o

"7rt7\\o4r"6

(!

tJd.'<n'o't'-.

1?/Ai atomM 6assevenvalenceelectronsand fdrmsa stableM2*ion rn an aqueoussolution.

(3/2013)
- configuration
- '- -' of atom M? - - ffin.tis the electronic
,-

i. ;;rrliJ3s,'i;1

B. 1s22s22p63s'3pu3du

lu
s,2pu3s23pu3dl+r'^

D. 1s22s22p63s'3pu3dt4s'14^,

t-?f

9l d

(
or!
''wt'i*'

,/
quantum
n - 3 ? [3t/2012]
number
r/what ,stheroral.umberorotitarstr4 hasih. pindpal

rv"'"rrl';
orn" torr*ine
"r"t"'""t"
lryf""g;Ll

tQ4r/2006)

Kj",.-";':..-'1";*"a;;,;;i;i.i,-;1';:a!1'.,'".'..'i'i"'|i':ii'.1!:#li!i::fr'l]
3. f1and fsare u*d io cal(l)lett the d

14 The proronnumberof eteoeds x and y is 19 and29 r,;pcll/etyi I en be deducedthar

5"1'-:::
l: : 118Y1:.Y-i:-"-1:1-i::11'-"^"
*",gv
; ;"-".-*niii,Li".r- -""-.,
?iti
i:;;ffil;i

6 i ;;j'i;;;i;; ;;;;;-il;;;;;;;;;;ffi...
,ln'"n
/^-t

oanr,o'"n,"t

's zr zp Js J,, '

confisulatron1i2d2pt3.*-3p63d4J
an ectronrc
erctEnic connsuralon
x $rth
with an
abouircnEnt
aboui
rcnEnr
staremnr(s)
slalemnr(s)
32,,which
3-,.which

basedonHundsrul?
of eleclron(s)
"novtsthenlling
- ra1-71n

z xtons *. ana)e ions.,.,t

ion3 x fomsa complex
"/

B/20141
r'

bond,allmetalsa. solid
-. Dueto rhemotarric

--i

1i
!'tL.-

f i

,'

--i.-

enersv.
hishionizstion
haverlatively
merars
a.eromedbecaus
E. rhe motaicbonds
fttesel
t(
l'
p,oprrie',- D r- a tf I moreclre
x% hastherorrow,ns
2. rh6@varenr
'
t
'3.
t'
f3l .
Vtb
9b'
py,"-,oarsr,.p..
3
lili
ili'"t"]"j*",""
tte!.
V
iiit
T_
iiiit rHormsioo,o.ate"*..lond gilbthe{Qrontnftuoidemolcut6.. .^

I
I
lj
enersy
eneEv
chanse?
chnge?
with
wilh
the
the
smatresr
smalbsr
ere..onttns,lion
tnsition
l4no15)
repsenrc
anered'onic
an
w1,4h
linerepsenE
whichline
A - I4t2o15)
A
c |
E q
A p
(y"
$,,or vue abours.Prnd d orb'tars?/
_ y'vJhrcl sraremenr
(,za
TnGe?! crbilalshavelhe sameshap3.d -enelsv/
/
a Theszor1so'bt is smallerrhantharof 2p obnars /

foiich of rhorori@.ns sraremnF(6not tru-l4rh,egard lo th6 xYl moleuul?

ii Ei!*"ix 1".",E a"a,"nesalvFri#-etemenri.
B. EtenEntxis ir Group15 ofth3 pedoorcTaote.
- -tormairon
--' sih Y atoms.
durinqoond
a ;; i ;i.-" ,
*" h"bddisation
"d"d ji#!;;i
$til-Xii,i!i"1iii"l"l',iiiiJ
-@

152015)

isdned'onar',/
$heas
2p^o,bnar
c. 2soti,alisnon-d{ed,ona
avacnr
46orbiiar.r(
rowe,enedy
reve|lhan
a
v"""nr:o
o,o,r"r"
@
"," "r
"

t, ' t IJ:! l It I|, i II tll

l_.J
i l-TIJ'il1r

(-

\,>F

r-a r.--t
lLL
l
Ilt lltlll'.
l(l ll
r
|
1r
T-aI-fiI-T--_l
f1
lil
_ l _ 1 i - l _ Trr
_l
i _ 1 _ ll
r__L'_
J
Ii i Tr._
r _ri r _ Tr_r
L__L

,,.lt

_-.=

|1i i1i1]llfl-il
'-',l
'

=___j

.,1. . .. ...
:1. *-atom?
".1r rslrLeorlecllon!
o6upying
i^tf chofrhe{ollosi.sslare,nents
basedonths aurbaupincipr;.
r/ .+. etearcnsocc,tpyolbirars

''t

*tjol5t
tq @-o
,,Jff_!.151

"

riq"i<"t z .tatesel
t'q"r
iJio"ji"
'Ji"j
inu'i
u'.
'tiii"-'n'pvorconbu
ts/1esel
ili-d;;fiil;;:(a;"d"I"
-fYi;fydliifnil,T'qffi'.li,il;i;'iilii;i'
-,zd;!siil;&;ilid;;fiil]ill10;"d"lo
-,zd;!Jlil;,"os;;
"'t'"

lE'51'7!
.'
tlgr}s,2pn
7 c.
4
t
f

c. lswith2p D.lswith3p E2swrth3p

tdtl:;?,"r'iTto%oi3*nnr.
ejrrswm rs
b.,swmz
prcpertie.
x a.d Y havel!|sfollowins
5. cornpounds

(2nOO4)

with
:ral electronic.
electronic
transitions
wlth
energy-leveidiagram for. a hydrogen
hydtogen atom
alom shows
shows several
svetal
eleclronic transitions
traNiiionE wtth
z/The enegylevel
2nhe
. frequencies h, fz, ft, fa and fs
t
W
i
---'---"=-

a.2

Ygoiringpoj;i.

;il;;i_,ffi;";";t.

.^_a

y-'q.
,/
lomsthestronsest
whenovappd
wthoneanother
v ' rhe
r " violowing
' v " v " " ' pai's
v
ofolbiists,
4tr
h. \ A. which6
_ ^ ^ | 1 r,v t. r ,tO
\ ' t / q't3/20001
.,-"o(2,11.64/
srnole
covab
bonds?-Y

lii

T:':ffi[i;#T"T"Y,i""#11"
? fi:'il:':':5fl
,:T
't=3

P/19991

pii,or.e"t-".

ilxt;;;C;il;llin"

18'Acoppelatonrhas29e|ecj@ns'Whicho!bna|diagramsho$/5lheaangmeItofiheva|eice

ion
coppe(rr)
ereclrcniio,a

in
D. The metallicbond is iormed from the attractionbetweenthe electronsand the nucleus the
atom.

ty'tne linesin the Lymanseriesof an emissionspectrumof a hydrogenatom is shownbelow.

J

A Thest.glh o{thefiatallicbonddopendson lhe sizeortheatomol Inemelar''

<iiiiiii'"tiii"u""J"""oiesmertstoreagoooconouclororhsst.
at roomternporature
X

1l1l1l1
@tVITIlJjlU

" F ln

(Q41/2oos)

^,rr*:.,i":
-,^",rabre.
2ofrhPenodi.
1;?.
1 x is^"
snualed
in-c.ouD
-'"

r5t2o12t

;: i:H i:a;'fi,#i;:i:iji!'n'iril'i,li"iiJi;;.

f"'?

t6/20001

orintermor*ura,:rmaive rorce.

3:n if":ffi'::L
"pe

Th;.ompoundsi andY re

,,,..rii,..:;i
y
'i,*Ji '3

i, ",'.'""';;-'i:,,'..i,"'i"
rl
to.

.' ,l t: ;
ll--. ' .
''1:-*'ri " -.
..:, ' oI '
ri"*'
$ i
r'r(!i:

,l!
l3l

HzO

,/
y

ffi:
,li]I

cHr

,i u
U J
.
fA
u'',rV/'I

\r'1I

F\}>v

r. .. fiil^'

(,

[h^s Lo*

6 which of the followla{ propertiesbest characterizesmetalswith metallicbonds?

A High density ,/
B. High mej\ng point
C. Low etectronegativity
D High solubiligy'rn
(e\etectric conductorin the solid state.
water

17t2000)

\-/

-/

v ehliyc.h o f t h e f o l l o w i n g
7 - T h e b o i l . i r g p o i n t s o f w a t e r a n d a m m o n i a a r e 3 T 3 K a n d 2 4 0 K r e s p e c t iW
statemer*(bestexplainswhy the boilingpointof water is higherthan ttre boilingpointof ammoniai
A. Oy{gen is more electronegativethan nitrogen.
B Vh" bond between oxygen and hydrogenis strongerthanthe bond between nitrogen and
p( hydrogen.
.;p) The hydrogenbonds betweenwater moleculesare strongerthan the hydrogenbonds between
the ammoniamolecules.
D. Thereare van der Waalsforcesbetweenwater moleculesbut not betweenammoniamolecules.
E. The molecularsize of water is largerthan that of ammonia.
[g/2000]

13. The energyband diagramof a substanceis shownas follows,Whichstatementabout the

substancesis true?
[5/2003]

Energy
I

'rs
8. Which of the followingexplainswhy magnesiumis a conductorof electricity
whereasdiamond

an insulator?

lB/20011

A. The conduciionband of diamond is not filled with electrons.

q The valencebandof magnesiumis filledwith electrons.
'U1 f he valence
bandand the conductionband in magnesiumoverlapwith one another.
-E[ Tne differencein energy betweenthe conduction
band and the valence band in diamond is small.
9. Which of the followingis true about dip{y$en tetraoxide,N2O4?
A. polarized
.t$Produced from NOz
B- V-shaped
" D Containsone unpairedelectron

oFd"

10. The nitrateion has three resonancestructuresas shownbelow.

io:

b'!

:9!

II

,N.

,// \

15t2oo2l

iO:

ti

\.-ci

)ri:

't,/*\,ir I

,Naa

Which of the followingstatementsis correctwith regardto the nitrateion?

A. The nitrogenatom in the nitrateion undergoessp3hybridisation.
B. The nitrateion consistsof two co-ordinatebonds.
C. The nitrateion consistsof two o bonds and one n bond.

'/'

| |

'
:tii'
'":." +

iI ' \o. x, ', " ]I 'i

band
lconduction

Valenceband

is a mltattoid
G, rn. substance
B lts electricalconductivitydecreaseswith temperature.
C. The elecironsflow from the valencebandto the conductionbandat hioh oressui-e
D.
band comesintocontactwiththe conductionband at high"temperature.
Yialencc
y'
ne tablebelowshowsthe protonnumbersof fo.urelementsrepresented
by tetterswh ich are not
for the elements
/.,/ lhe us
r _ tl
Element
P,-of'-, Qr) z
K
S
Protonnumber
11
1e I
1, 7P'
,,, r.,,:.
Which element
element has the strongegl.metallic
strongeglmetallicbond?
bond?
l7t2}O3l
(C\N
:"':.n{\
A P
B.Q
B
.Q
D f,*
iI$\',
Q)R
Y,r ''
-qi!
15.The followingmoleculesundergqthqsame orbitalhybridization
except for
ij
[9/2003]
e
A water
'"'!f ,
B.
ethane
D. chloromethane
' ..1)-,'
( ->vv''""e
":"''""""
_p)ethene
gD)
1P
.il'
\n1-,
{cnL
.. -'

)e' hL \l\1b ld'

:r
-.) *: - : :

16.'What,.,n" ,rlpiof
B.4'
*-(43

other
C 5"*"r$,Nltonded
D.6

to onecarbcn
atominfuierene? I1ot2oo4l
g?'

17. The protonnumbersof four transitionelementsV. Cr. Fe and Co are shown

in the tablebelow. Which of the followingionsof transitionelementshas two unpairedelectrons?

l:il

The actualstructureof the nitrateion is |

lX
tlr
lft

e followingbest explainswhy the boilingpointof 2-nitrophenol

is lowerthan that of 4nitro$heryz(
[6t2O021
A7 fhV6ize of 2-nitrophenolis smallerthan the size of 4-nitrophenol
existsas a dimer
hitrophenolexistsas a monomerwhereas4-nitrophenol
forms intermolecular
2-nitrophenol
forms intramolecular
hydrogenbondingwhereas4-nitrophenol
hydrogenbonding
D. The van der Waalsforcesbetween2-nitrophenol
moleculesare weakerthan the van der Waals
forcesbetweenthe 4- nitrophenol
molecules.
1 1 . W h i c ho

c. v3'
112t2004)
,
"o^
7/"r.
18. W_hich
of the followingmoleculespossessespolarbondsbut its overallmoleculardipolemonrent
D. Fe3*

is zeio?

c ruH.

B. HzS

c. cHrcr

19. Which of the followinghas van der Waals forces?

B. Diamond
C. Sodiumchlorroe
1ft Sulphur
-<

sicr.
D. Magnesrumoxide

114t2004)
t4t2o05l

L1

ff

lft

lll

il

li

il

it"

20. The bond anglesof a 2-hydroxyethanamrde

moleculeare labeledas a, b, c and d as follows
Whichof the followingis the arrangementof bondanglesin ascendingorder?
[19i2005]
.4
H--I-O\-C\

A a,b,c c

HOH
L-b

)rt'

L-d
N \

\c
Cr

26. Which species is drawn with the correctshape?

- o

rP.*Kj(

--0

/J,
n

'{s}a.O,b,c

C b.d,c,a

\J

e.

n
k^^
v,v,u,o

27 llfil

prrintsof CHgOHand CHSH are 64.5oCand 5.8oCresoectively.What is the causeof

22. fhe boiiir.;g
tfreCiffererice
in ilrc boilingpoints?
[3/2006]
fhe O-l-lo,:ncj's -cr!cirger
tJi
tlranthe S-H bond.
I
*/(fl| Hydrogenbonosexjst betweenCH3OHmolecules.
C. CH3SHrriolt):-'.,r',,)
is biEgeithan CHrOI-lmolecure.
Ii
D. The electronegiji;vrry
01oxygenis higherthan that of sulphur.
lri
'
-lhe
"' -,,iu1,
23.
table beiowsilowsthe sizes and chargesof six ions.
i;' .
it'i
'

flt{

l;ii

ill

lt

:fi
;il|

2.,' |
--

n)T*-T

lfi

0.181
0 .r:s-o
135
OtSt

'
:---

',.

"

+1
+2
*z
+2

'''',irjj
'"ri

ll'.'t,
\'*$\*r\**

I:{

{:

I}

N z , N z H a ,N 2 ( C H 3 ) 2
N 2 , N 2 ( C H 3 ) 2N
, 2H4

c
D.

[7t20071

NzHn,Nz(CHs)2,
Nz
N2(CH3)2,
Nz,NzHa

e2R'

imi

,/

_s'

'

0.031

0.136

0.116

i'

,q, g

O(tt t

Whichioniccompoundhas bolQingwith tne greatestcovalentcharacter?

A. PR
B. PS
D. QS2
g OR,

[5i2008]

[6/2008]

rill

of the following
repieielGTnecorrectasienoingoroerorriatti""energy?
liiir A.which
tJX < UY < \il,/Z
uv<ux<wz

irli

l4t2o06)

B. UX<WZ<VY

i!!

ii!l

!til

xX

Y?0r

D. VY<UX<WZ

24

iii

}{

is the correctsequenceof N2,N2Haand Nz(CHr)z

accordingto the ascendingorder of their

29. The iolic -rag! -olfgr{&!r gle as_fqltorrys:

lon I
lonicradius/nm
I
P0.095
|

'

".

r''""--'-.

.--

t"

I'-.,r

28.\hfch statementexplainswhy nitrogenand oxygengasesdo not reactundei roonrconditionsbut

p6 nitrogenoxidesduring lightningand in the combustionengineof a car?
IZ3I2OO71
energyof nitrogenmoleculeis very high.
_7.2-\Bonding
B. Nitrogenand oxygenare inertdiatomicgases
C. Electronegativiiy
of nitrogenand oxygenelementsis high.
D. Nitrogenoxidesare not stableunderroom conditions.

lijl

l.

,,, I\'-'.

Fut'

21. Nitroj.:ndioxjaeancjcjinitrogen
tetraoxideexist in equilibriumin gas phase.Which of the
follow,lrlq
statemenis rs tr-ue?
123t200sl
}(
e,'y{tO" ntoi""rL i". t*o dative bonds.
B,/l'tOzntolecllelrasone sigmaand one pi bonds.
N..
\'
C. The bond angtein r.iOzrnolecuteis 120bC.o(
/l
D. The hybridizJrio,r
of nitrogenatom in N2Oamoleculeis sp3o<
0
6

LI

a.

()---..4Lr1'
-i\|
04 -,rJ

have eithe|onic or covalentbondsor both. Which of the followingstatementsis

. .Cornpounds
,onrcbt)nds?
[9/2006]
:ot::{of Invorve
the transfei,)ione or more electronsfrom s, p or d orbitals.
a yy
strength
of
ronrc
proportional
bonds
is
to the size of the ions.
@ F"o
9/\n.V Invoiveronswith stableelectronicconfiguration.
b iney riisulrin the formarionct soii.Jcompourids.
25. which of ihe fcllowingspe9i.5s
has the nrostnumberof unpairedelectrons?
A. rN'

6 l ," JO r . '

tszs,)ys

vc

lsLrsL 4
|

,:1'Ig'

D.

2tSb

t 7s'
ls')s'?

[6t2007]

[16/2006]

4f 1'1,

L:

c
(i

J't

33 Polyatornic
moleculesand ions have varietjgeometries.Whichspeciesano gecmetry
correspondcorrectly?
rA/?n^cr
Species
^X
Geometry
- NNHzLinear'(
x^ I,t
n3u
TrigonalplanarL
sict4
Squareplanar
lClg
T-shaped
rh

b*

T
T

[7t20081

32 A gohpound X with a high melting point dissotvesIn water and conductseleclricitvin molten
ComOoundX most probabtycoutd be
[5/2009]
ffi..
carbonate B. magnesiumoxide C.Aluminiumchloride D. strontiumsulpirate
-ffJPotassium
-'

t(

i
\,.

, / i\

A. 2.51x 1023

. 5.02 x 1023

C. 2.sl x fi2a

D 3 . 0 1x ' 1 0 2 4

[7t20091

/ /' I

35. Two,l.iQuids
P and Q of the same volume are allowedto evaporate. lt is found that P evaporates
first b96re Q does. Which statementexplainsthis observation?
l2l2o1Tl
A,Phe vapour pressureof P is lower than that of Q.
@The intermolecularforces of P is weaker than that of Q.
C. The delslty of Q is higherthan that of P
D. Q is moreviscousthan P

hasan ionicbond?
..'--r.' 4
d.
f{ Wlrlcncompound
-C.
HCI
B.- BeCl2
AtBr:
(4t2013)
- 6F.J
\'/ (^r
L;
f t42.Tie Lewisstructurds
of molecules
HF,HrO , anciNH3are shown respectivelybelow

\a-lgh'yjr'-

z'

} I- F :

36.r7ft strengthof intermolecularforces determinesthe boilingpoint of a substance Which hydride

bds the lowest boilinqooint?
[6/2010]
pHs
B.'
NHs
Hzo
c.
D.
HF
,/@

I
H-T-H

H-O-H

Which statementabout the moleculesis not true?

(5/2013)
_4. HF and H2Omoleculesare planar. ' d cU o v
./
B.rtlrO moleculeis a strongerLewis baie tttan ttft, molecule./
\1me boilingporntsof the molfriG'ii-lrease in the order of H2O,HF, NH3 F
QlThe hydrogenbonds formed by the moleculesdecreasein the order of HF, HzO, NHr.

37. The structuralformulaof sucrose is as follows:

43. The atomic numberof severalelements representedby letterswhich are not the usual symbols
for the elementconcernedin the PeriodicTabie is shown in the table below
Delow.
, bt
1?

1f )ot
I

Sucrosereadilydissolvesin water because

A.it is a polar molecule.
B\it forms hydrogenbonds with water.

[8/2010]
C. it forms a stable complexwith water.
D. it dissociatesinto simple moleculesin water.

v:)

38. Which iF the correctsequencefor the compoundsarrangedin order of increasingboilingpoint? .,9

(cH3)3cH,cH3cH2cH2cH3,(cil3)2co, cHgcHzcHzoH
$
@r'
(CH3)3CH,(CH3)2CO,CHgCHzCHzOH
CHgCHzCHaCH3,
V
(cH3)2co, (cH3)3cH, cHgcHzcHecHg,cHgcHzcHzoH
{
(CH3)2CO
(CH3)3CH,CHaCHzCHaCHg,
CHgCHzCH2OH,
D.
[61201U
39. Which statJxient is not true of the formationof metallicbond?
[7120111
A. Ahe delocalisedvalence electronscan move over the whole of the metal lattice.
The valence orbital of a metal atom is superimposedto form a molecularorbital.
B"/
Metal atoms which are bigger in size foim a strongermetallicbond.
O
Atoms in a metalare arrangedclosely.
D.
40. The variationof boilingpointof halogensis shownin the graphbelow
Boiling
poinu"C

200

z -JtJ, A
'u--4
.;o.,/

,c6.$,{6rzotzl

44. Which propertyof a diatomicgas explainsits inertngqs?

14/2012)
A^pNo{'O\r;?
A. Smallsize
Q) Noblelas configuration
Strongcovalentbond
Dl Strongintermolecular
forces
CI
45. TheFometry of a speciescan be deduced from the type of hybridisationof the orbitals of its
X)ntyrfa|om. Whrchspecies has sp hybridisedorbitalsat its centralatom? f .+
- 1612914
-fJ
/

B sicrl X

91"*

c. so"

D..rg-

LI-

1 -

qA.Hydrides
of nrtrogenand oxygenare covaienlcompounds.The standardenrhalpiesof
vaporisationoj_loQlyqldes are shown below
[aazo12)

=--@-aH]";xLnrer---

23.40
40 67

explainsthe differencesbetweenthe two standardenthalpiesof vaporisation?

ivity of oxygen atom is higherthan that of the nitrogenatom
molecularmass of H2Ois greaterthan that of the NHgmolecule
B.
H2Omoleculehas a higherdipolemomentthanthat of the NH: molecule
The HzO
le has more hydrogenbonds per moleculethanthat of the NH: molecule.

Which sta
A. The

47.
A.

tementaccountsfor the inertnessof nitrogengas?

a linearmolecule

14/2014)

hasan octetstructure
It has a strongtriplebond
Nitrogenatom uses sp" hybridisedorbitalfor bonding
cl

Brt

,''
of the halogens? "o,,'rln.
Which propertyinfluencesthe variationof boiling^ggilnt
Covalentbond
Physicalstate
A.
ft
van der Waals forces
B.
Electronafiinity
P)

t8t20111

48. The propertiesof P, Q , R and S are given below.

(i) P and Q are conductorswhereas R and S are insulators
(ii) P has higherelectricalconductivity
than Q
(iii)R has lowerboilingpointthah S.
What could P, Q, R and S be?

/-J

./(

15t20141

,1

oO

L
/P
O/
B/
-,L
lJ

ts
Ar
K
Pb

?>u ) Rlr

Na
Na
Ca
Sr

Ne
HzO
Brz
HBr

Ar
NH:,X
Clzr(
HCI l.

*'$"%I$\"r^ltvb( \\an
!.

s Irij

50 \a/hichionic cogilQund has rhe highestcovalentcharacter?

,./@

evo,

c. MsF2

52 Whi-ch-cornpunci
has the blrorlqestio_nig
- - f cSgtd?

i r-qdy_Ll rqtgc!

\/
t-

nrr.
>(

o. xrlff'

I1Ot2O15l

//

.tt
,/

//

li

,,,,i\
,,,,
,,.
n
/i

ttti

.'

(/ /

\ ,) r

a//\

/ -/, \

II
I
(.)r

"6--\
i"\
/1tr;.1

{/

il

ll

N./

cl

V / h i c h o f t h e _ f o l l c w i n ga r e p o t a r i z e d m o l e c u t e s ?

l41l200lJ

I42t2OO2l
[43/2003]

I- (
il'iJtr""r,roro,.net'ane(
I

statementsis true of HF, HzO and NH3molecules?

Nr
hydrogenbonding.,,/
l \ 2 The polarisabilil
the moleculesincreasesin the orderNH:. HzOand HF
3 Theborling
increasein the order HF, H2Oand NHa.
;q

l43t2O04l

in the bondanglesin the,threemolecules

is dueto
ffi9-liferelce
1. the numberof lone
electrons
oair
in the centralatom
2. the hybridizationof the centralatom
3. the electroneqativitv
of the centralatom

ei^r

:Nv\a

tbO

11./Methane,ammoni-a
and waterare threeexamplesof covalenthydrides.Whichstatement(s)
a/out the bondingin the three moleculesis/arerrue?
n
l42lzAOgJ
of C, N and O atoms is sp3/
1)y' me hybridization
v 2 The bond lengthin descendingorderisC - H, N - H, O- H.
3 The 2umber of lone pair electronsat the centre of their atoms in an ascendingorclerrs C, N, O
l24$itrogen gas is inert. Which statement(s)account(s)for its inertness?
Nitrogenmoleculeis non-polar.
(/
!/2. Nitrogenmoleculehas a strongtriplebond.
3. )tr'trogenatom uses sp3 hybridorbitalfor bonding.
p

I47t201q\

'/s- gona angles may be deducedfrom the type of hybridisationof the centraratom Whichion(s)
has/havea greaterbond angle than that in a CHa molecule?
143t20111

D1Arcr2.2cos'tao.;'
./

14.)Vhichstatement(s)
is/aretrueof waterin a solidstate?
is bondedto fourotherhydrogqr/6ioms
71 l.TEachoxygenatomin the molecule
v 7. lt hasa covalent
bondanda hydrogen
bond
I t h a s a t e t r a h e ds rt a
r ul c t u r e
.'.1, '' - - ] , ; . . j i : a
''-':"i
,'i
"i:'
. ":: \?i
i',';.
./\

_
Y\

F)

'r^/-.

l44t2OO81

18120151

relJarotng
tetramethylam,ncn
rerrameltytam,n.nrum
ium ctitonde'1
cliloride?
^ ralgarding
1 Tetramethylarumonium
chtoridehas a high meltingpointand a high boilingpoint.
\ -)
2. The chemicy'bondinciudesccvalentbondsand ionicbonds.
3. The catrcfis retrairedral
in shape.
speciesjlg-not have a tetrahedralshape ?
^ 4 Which 9flthe follovr,rrrg
PH47
z. tcj;
3. XeFa
C1

,.

[41t2047]

bond angles in methane,ammoniaand water moleculesare shown betow.

I

t.tqA,netyrarnmoni,.inr
cano" okonnoush acytation
whenethanoric
"l'.13"1?"".,aNCr,
an:+noniais heaiedlvilh exccss
of ammonia in a closed tube. Which of the followingis correct

Which of the
All possess

-/fr.The

petr,

W n i c n o ft h e f o l l o v " r i n g s u b s t a n c e s c a n f o r m h y d r o g e n b o n d s w i -atnhdi tw
se
i tlhf w a t e r ?l 4 g l 2 } O 1 l
)V Z
'1. Ethanat
2. Ethanot
3.Elhanam|+
) V

143t20051

' c-- o'

l7t2115l

ta/

i t S1Q_4g!ly q.Le_lglfect I 2 and 3 only are c

_ 2. 3-hexene

\ \ 7 . Whichof the followingis/aretrue of carbondioxideand carbonmonoxidemorecules?

u 1 . The moleculesare oolar.
2 . Carbonatomsundergo sphybridizatiog,z'
(\d=
-, f
Therc atg o and n bonds between C and O aton{
L \- t<-

[42t20071

can be explarnedfrom the viewpointof intermolecular

forces
f, t Wnrcnof the followingobservatrons
2ntyI
l47t2001l
A
tne V(H2O)6:-coml:rlexion is vroletwhile the V(HzO)03*
complexion is green.
2. CO2is a gas whereasSiO2is a solid. /
3 Althcughthe size of the sulphuratom is smallerthan the size of the phosphorusatom,the boiling/,/
p o i n to f s u i p h u irs h i g h e ri h a nt h e b o i t i n gp o i n to f p h o s p h o r u s .

ts?)

*c\ "0:

tt=o

16t20't41

5'1 Which nl/iieculehas the weakpst inlermolecular force?

B M r 3 t/) i 2
6
v ) N a B\r' \\ q
l,V
r -.4P--"
f -

1L-

rt-

fp $ctt statementabout the Lewis strucrureof COg'- and NOs- ions is true?
lAl Foth ronsare trigonal-planar
in shape
Bz'Both ions havea iormalchargeon the centralatom
., ,,/C. Both ions form two double bonds and one single bondpu
D. Both ionshavecentralarom with one pair of unpairedelectrons.,{

A Mgo

,i'

'' i.;,.,.

::$t'

I43t2O12l

l. . i': ;' ;.

.sli=,"_i

,o

fhnsL* Lulb
TE

6- Chemical

Whichof the followinEis correctwith regardto the equilibrium

constani,K.
A. 'Both
Bothhavethe samevalueunderthe samepressure.
B.
gaseoussystemonly.
havethe samovalue"fqq
C. . Bothare constantunderall donditions.
changes.,
@ eotnwillchangewhen temperature
E. Bothwill changewhen.theconcentration
of the reactan

of a reversiblereaction?

( 11 / 1g e e )

2 . The graphbgl6wshowsthe variationof concentration

of substanceXwith pressure.

Pressure/atm

reactionscouldgivethe graphabovea constanttempera

Xf iqf'of the followingecluilibrium

y (s) + z (s)

Q51I tgl 2w (s)t6

B.

Es
.-2W
Wh( g
\ +) X
+ (Xo()9 ) =

w (g)+ 2x (g) -=-

2Y
Y ((og\)++7Z( (og\ ) "-

D,
F
E.

2Y (s) + Z (g)v

W(s\+ 2x (g) =::=

t / . (g)
/ / n+
\ +fY 19;
/ n \ -=.*
r/

3. A reversible
reactioncan be represented
by the followingequation.

+R+s
a
, , . f . of
g .the following
\- . .Which
statementsis correctwhen
A,
{
(Q
D.
E.

the systemis in equilibrium? /

Reactionsis in boththe directionsstopped.
/
The ratesof reactionfor boththe directions
are different.
/
The concentration
of P, Q, R and S are alwaysconstant./
/
The concentration
/
of P, Q, R and S are the same.
The massof P, Q, R and S are the same.

(10/2000)

4 . The partialpressuresof nitrogen,hydrogenand ammoniafor the reaction

Nz(g) + 3Hz(g) - -- lNHr (g) are a, b and c respectively.lf the pressureisinereescCto twice its originalvalue,
at constanttemperature,
the expressionfor the equilibrium
(11t2000]|
constant,Ko,is givenby

'------;
@ *o=

4ab' r'
^2

B. Ko=

,;F

./

K1=

2c2
D' Kp= ,,
aDqc'v\
EKp=u
ab

2|>"

^J'

".
ic.)n=
"

-ab'
\-/
'/
In whichof the followingequilibrium
pressureof the systemis
will the amountof product
increasedat conetanttemperature?
(13/2000)
+
A. CaCO3(s) CaO (s) + COz(9)
2Hzo(s)+ 2Cl(9).
-=- CO (g) + Clz(g) A
B . CaCl,(g)
E.4yfts) +5oz(e)
aNo (g)+ 6HzO(9)
H 2( g ) + 1 2( g ) - *
2 H t( g ) q
,
LO

!\

d;":,y,,(,':'

L.)

ln a chemicalprocess,XO3is producedaccordingto the foilowingequation

B
2Xo2(g) + oz (g) <=
2Xog (g)
aH = -198kJ
Whichof the followingcombination
will givethe highestyieldof XOg,atequi
Pressure
Temperature
Catalyst
A
Low
Low ''
Absence
Hinh
I vav, r^ , - , /
u
Absence

fffi1vr
=\semp11ryE
\+N--'4zi

r{cl
c,

bffit

Hish

*,y

- ('dS

Piesence

High

Low

Al

:0

-ratl)

(1t2oo1)

Kp=K.Er)_e,-

varue?
same
the
(?6-''3[
(g) +
Cl2ili'g'-'''%BliJiok[
2Cl(g) Kc= H='fi*#ve
- tYc
6 ' rp=?,erl
",A
(g)+
(9)

( E+=

- - - l

2No
clz
2Nocl(g)
=
(s)+ 4Hz{g)r X
Fe3Oa
) 3Fe(s)+ 4H2O(g) -=
(l)+ H20(i)
(l)+
(l)
cH3cooH
cHscF{zoH
<cH3coocHzcH3
.
x
/equitiorium
r equilibrium
constants,
at 823K, fortworeactions
aregivenbelovr.

(13/2001)
&z
K^
K.
' '. >, -'-t--

A,8-J9U8-9y-

t,

' m:l#^,
ll1dr' (Pv
tpt Az
{l:l:i9!91
((ji:Hi\i f'1u^7^^
i,:\!r,
ffilWn,
=
reaction.
Calculate
theequilibrium
Vr)
constant,
at 823K,forthefollowing
COz
--z (g)
\r/ * H,
"e (g)
\vi

tJ,,
Y
IJ

.y' v 1
o.tszKrxd'.t-

=::=

r*.r
L,-I

brzrz-'K,'t =

CO (g)
\v/ + HzO
\r/
" ' (g)

/tf ,.r1,

C0

('Dzh)u L0'
Lo'

t,

i'l\r-*

H,
,60 Fl>
,AO

e. 423

n4(
/ '

G C()"

(h

L0
U)

M
(2nonz)

D. 557

t+l

processfor the manufacturing

The industrial
by the equationbelow:
of ammoniais represented
-92kJ
=
(g)
Nz(g/+ 3Hz(g)
2NHs
LH
EWhichf the followingcan be deducedfor the followingreaction:

=-

Nz(g)+ 3Hz(g)

aAc

AH = r' tVQ- .

reactionis exothermic.
x
willincrease
the valueof the eouilibrium
X
constant.

B.

X
Theequilibrium
constant
increases
astemperature
decreases.

(13t2002)

Cn
124t2002)

A-

Crr Which
A.
B.

aboutthe effectof a catalvston a reversiblereactionsis true?

the rateof the forwardreactionmorethanthat of the reversereaction
reaction.
decreasesthe valueof the equilibrium
constantof the fonruard
It changesthe mechanismof the chemicalreaction.
It increasesthe ef.fective
collisionvelocitvof the particlesof the reactants.

(16/2003)

equilibrium?
reaction
reaches
statements
is truewhena reversible
I tz.24lnichDtl*rg:tg|U'wing
| \ Q! The'torwar8land
reversereactions
arethe same./

B. The concentration
of the reactantsand thatof the productsare the same.
The
activation
energy
of the forwardreactionand thatof the reversereaciionare the same.
A
fne
ratio
of
the
concentration
of the reactantsto thatof the productsis constant.
ffi

(15n0A4)

constant,
Kr,'forthedecomposition
carbonate,
of calcium
A ' 13 Theequiljbrium
Ca9O,(:) =*
CaO(s)* CQa(g)
l s 1 6. 611 1 0 -' "' "aat m
t maat 2
t 29988KKaanndd6x6. 3
.130 "- "aat m
t maat 5
t 50000KK. W
. Whhi ci cht hooef f o l [ q w i n g s t a t e m e n t s i tsht reu e o f
.^
L
|
, t.*,o,/.- ?
2'6rposition?
Thbforwardreactionisendothermic/F:|;/F.t,rhusol-0'Q9rlQO}t>
6'a b
Kodepends
on themassof CaCo3.
&-hV
-.
;: i i
ov{ u,2 ,
Therateoffonruard
reaction
o,QE ,
decreases
increases.
as thetem-pdrature
*'
The activation
energyof forwardreactionincreasesas the temperature
increases.
.

ur )-7 "''

nr rilihrir rn
raanrian
.a+r,aan
r,' ^^A
z nan
ka raaraaa**an
Frrr +ha aar ralian
reactionlbptween
X
and rYcan
by the equation
h'J r+, Theaequilibrium
[e represented

\,\9

2x (g)+ y (syo'rg

O'gq

(3/2005)

,.,

Thoanlirrafinnanar^r/nffnnrrare|raanlinninnraocacaclha*amnara}ttrainataaeoc

0 tq'

'

l'

ii @1o'wV

at T "C, it
leftto reachequilibrium
r!:r lf 1.6 mol of X and 1.0 mol of Y are placedin a coniainerof volu$e 2.0 Um,3'e1ld
is
found.that
the
concentration
K.
of
Z
at
is
0.45
iftiie
valle
of
the
constant
equilibrium
mol
dm-:lWhat
equilibrium
,:--)

C")'J;*'ctionattlttou, c22
\_-/

@.r

PrDbla^^

'

'rv--v'

'

(18/200s)

,U At 2.0 dm3stopperedflaskat T "C contains0.50rnolof SO2,0.010mol of 02 and 4,6 mol of SOeat equilibrium,
CalculateK" for the followingequllibriurn
(13/2006)
at T "C.
2 S O z( g ) + O z( 9 ) = =
2 S O r( g )
A . 5 . 9x 1 0 - ' m o l ' d m - '
1 0 3m o l 3d m - 1
B. 9.2 x 1A2mol3dm-1
1 0 4m o l 3d m - 1

,'$1,:
:

2 >uL.

l,l, t,

s, in moldm-",of hydrogen,iodine

16. Hydrogenand iodinevapourare mixedat 425'C, Whatare the

anOnyUrogen
iodideat equilibrium?
constant,
K",at 425'C is 57.71
[Theequilibrium

'A|

Hydrogen

0.030
B . 0.120
0.646
D. 0.893

ttl

lodine

Hydrogen iodide
0 . 18 6
0.761
0.041
0.010

0.020
0 . 11 0
0 . 15 0
0.646

(13t2007)

ydrideis hydrolysed
- r\'\//
Ethanoicanhydride
-'r":;';;-;'i_.;;:.;;;;"'"
hvdrolvsed
accordinq
according
to the equatio
equation
4(
-17) -'"-'::'*

'

. - 1q

l,

,r,,{lL

-' -ffi-t0.ot*:\
.I OA'J-

=r.0
i
"9((qtzOoz)
|
-11J,_,
+ H2o-----+2cH3cooH
..T_'. '
. .(gH3co)2o
0.0500moleof ethanoic
thesolution
anhydride
is addedto 1.00dm3of water.AftertherfJctionis cbmpleted,

fqrmedhas pH valueof 2.87.What'isthe valueof thlotd dissociation

constant,K^,
- of the solutionformed?

(a)stl x 104
I

a sJr4}
l,gr/toJ

(' c. jl#t'
, /
\ -/ 1,6>rro-s//

x 10-8
vfrgtl /,3juto-L^,

l:.
(l) ions,CIO-,arehydrdfsedaccording
solution,
chlorate
)v t A. tn aqueous
$r{heequation
|t ',f).K
- ^ ' tfrf ^ - r
J
c l o -( a q ) +H z o( 9 ) = - H C l o( a q ) +o H - ( a q )
,
,
1
,
,
,
\
r
,
_
A
,
n
1
^
r
6
^
^
X
Whatis thepHvatueof a z.dox to-zmotor:'rof rtionoi sodium
g(torate(l),NaClO,at25"C?
t -" t
ionicproduct
djssociationoconstant,
Ks,of CIO is 3.30x rc] rtl dm-3and
of water,
[At25 "C,base
A[)Yl\J")
'
K* is 1.00x '19-ra
molzdm-01
05120071_/
A. 4.09
B. 7.52
c. ,22
9.91
'C.lf 1 0 cim3of an
The equilibrium
constant
, K", for ,$rron betweenethanoland ethanoicacidis@pl25
"
g(ethanoland
g eetnanolc
aqueoussolution
rsoall?lne(
sr
solulron
llenlo
t i l l . ! ( J lreaerunlil
reaet/unfilequilibrium
edu-1 Ulltll E
equlllDnum
t { u l l l t J l l u l l l l D is
attgineQat
ttgrrlcY
containing
contarnlng
92.0gretnanol
92.u
is
l t left1o
dllul
iand
t l l U 12C.0
lzu.u
laU.|tJ g
ethanoic
UlallUlU
acid
cacro
l u l u lrs
ill

1f25"C,whatisthemasso'fethany(teft?

-)

2i-

CLll(0o14. )
fut[tE)U
b4AgOU
+ CLttrcoL(

.IRelative
molecularmasses
massesy'[dthanol
and ethanoic
,!(elative
Fthanoicacidare 46.0and 60.0 respectivelyl

$re +s,0,N
$te
iO'V

7sl 0.bU-\
,

I
,W30
20. ln whichit:?tio[\!" valileof &g.gpr9 thevalueof Kr?
Nro+L
-lc6tgl
2Noz(g)
@'
{
Cb-,*(d.C5=

c. 613s b"

(,Lt7tor{7114;Wzv
tt4ttocS2t!
(11l2q0g)
(1112909

g' /" 6
D zs.o

(12/2008;)

q':;i,3,'r';n,p,
nai *ffl;niil-#
,6'
,(.,(Qrf.a-nrum;
erYntuR:",?l^'':"n""1:?:,,hvdrosen
rerli:?iFti$"-"r,T:'
sases
y" -gu$rn''u
.t c,LlsL
c>Hb}l-ltcns%,
C>A60L|

zNH'
tgt'- au='L
which,*J;]".J"ri,liil?,"""1J,*/

,a-'-,

,.

tlLylooc>l.tg

'r,
[i!,nruy$,

is endothermic
N (\)f he reactron
reaction
occurs
throughthreesteps.
|,\ -E=Jhe
, \ (C 'fhe valueof theequilibrium
constant
is lowerat a temperature
morethan500oC.
'Olfne percentage
yieldof ammonia
increases
whenthepressure
is reduced.{

.i,: ,,-ffi !

#3,r*%

''-::.':-'.'-" ' \ 'U .

i23l20081

22, A mixtureof 0,60mol of carboxvlicacidX, 0 50 mol of alcoholy, 0.60mol of esterZ and 0,40mol of waterof total
volumeV dm3is refluredin the presenceof hydrochloric
acid.At equilibrium,
only0.40 mol of X remains.What is
f
\-.

+h6

^rra^.i^^t

.,^t,,^

^t

1^.lt-^,^^^r;^a

(i) Decreasing
pressureat a constanttemperature
(ii) lncreasingtemperature
at a constantpressure
Theequilibriumsystemwhose reactionploductwll_lrcrcase-inquantitywhen subjectedto the abovechangeis
A H = negative
A l-f = negative
4 11=positive../
A H = negative

'\'a)
'..,).-/'

(11/2009)

Ko.do not correspond

24. Whichequilibrium
of equilibrium
constant
of partialpressure,
systemandtheexpression
correctly?
Equilibrium
sysfem
Expressionof equilibriumconstantof paftialpressure

o
B.

p2
3Oz(g)*

l\'^ = ----;
pn"
"

2O.(g)

(/1

p2

2Hz(il + Oa(g) =-

2H2O(r)

J__

P 'u' 7'tP
n
'2

COz(g)+ Hr(g'=-

CHsoH(i)

p
'(:o

CO(g) + HzO(l)

Pr.u.xPr,.

K, = Pc,x Pr,' J

co(g) + 2Hz(9)

25.Thepercentage
volumesof a gas Z in the equilibrium
mixtureof the reactionX(g) + v1g;
the tablebelow:

111t20101
in
Z(g)areshown

volumeof

Pressure
/ atm
10
100
300
600

1.2
/0.6
24.4

14,7
52.5
71.0
84.2

42.2

reaction?
n Whichstatementis true of th'eeouilibrium
'
\2r/ fne reactionis exothermic.I
.
B. The production
of gas Z is followedby an increasein volume.
G. The.pfoduction
of gas Z iircreaseswhen 5 caialystis added.
D. The optimumconditionsfor the production
of gas Z are20A"C

600atm.

fi2t2A1Al

26.' Nitrogenmonoxideis producedin internalcombustion

to thefollowing
enginesand from lightni according
'equation;
Nz(g)+ oz(g) =2NO(g), 611= positive
Whichstatementis true aboutthe production
of nitrogenmonoxide?
A. The reactibnof formationof nitrooenmonoxidereleasesheat.

B^Highpressure
intheenginepromotes
theformation
of nitrogen
petrol
promr
temperature
due
to
in
the
engine
combustion
F,Figh
V/monoxide.

ir{a

production
of nitrogen

D. Highconcentrations
of nitrogenand oxygenare due to lightni
production
of nitrogenmonoxide.

whichoromotethe

P4t2A1Al

27. Forthe equilibrium

reaction
*,
C(g) + o(g)
E(s) + P(g)
percentage
yieldof F at pressurep atm are 88% at 200oCand
Whichstatementis true of the equilibrium?
The reactionshiftsto the rightwiththe releaseof heat.
The reactionshiftsto the leftwith the decreasein volume.
Thevaluesof K. and Koarethe sarne.I
D. The yieldof F can be increasedby the additionof a catalyst.l

_AH= *tu

112t20111

process
of thereactions
acidby Contact
is asfoliows:
in themanufacture
of sulphuric
f Zg. Oneof theequations
L-/
2soz(g)+ oz(g)::=2sos(g)

- **3F
)xroi"' f Xr-09'-"-.

Whena ratioof 2 . 1 of SOeand 02 at a

percentageof conversionof SO2into
A.
1.22x 10'5
B.
2 . 2 2x 1 O s

l":t,At

5m

: S02
L
Jx0tl
C,L

4i-t' ),1

r?)

)e of 3.00x 105Pa is passedovera cataivstat 400oC.the

E"ih^enffie;iE;l valuebt r, ior the equilibriumat 400oc?
9.00x 10-a
3
8 . 1 0x 1 0
[13/2011]

/.gvto9

.l*\* ? &or

D
:l

lAt

i-(rxo,9rf) o,1vL
Orl

/,V

,b
li.y-

f@

D )),1vl

4-

29. The reforming

eouation
for the
of methaneis the principalcommercial
sourceof hydrogengas
.
__endothermic
reactioninvolvedis as follows:
+ 3Hz(9)
CHq(g) +
Hzo(g) e;*
co(g)
At equilibrium,
the quantityof hydrobngas formedcan be increasedby
A. addinga suitablecatalyst
C. addinga dehydrating
agent
(12t2012M)
the temperature
D. reducingthe volumeof the
4) increa-sing
X
IJ
gasesis represented
30. The conversion
equation:
of coalto combustible
by
following
C(s) + HzO(g)

u.

J&

q*{*$#

co(g) + Hz(9)

AH=+131kJ

'N rt,l

.r

t.
K-l

^J,9lz\z

'

Whenthe temperature
of the reactionis increasedat equilibrium,
A. the valueof K. decreases
B. the valueof K^and K are the same
Q tne pressure6t tne systemincreases./
the increasein the valueof k-r is greaterthanthatof k1

t-3

0,b

tli

r'o;
I

l,v

l\l.
llJ

t.
lv'

l12t2o12l

N'

I
31. A mixtureof nitrogenand hydrogengasesin the moleratioof 1 : 3 is allowedto reactuntilequilibrium
is reached.
- At equilibrium,
50o/o
of the nitrogenhas reacted.lf the pressureof the gasesmixtureis 1.0 atm at equilibrium,

113t20121

Arecorrect _

rs correct

2 and 3 are correct

re correct

i 2 and

(43t2002)
32.Whichof the followi changeswill increasethe yieldof hydrogengas in the followingreaction?
Co (s)+ t'l g) <-AFf = -4i kJ
CO2+ l-1rig;
/
1. Increasing pressure
2. Decreasing
3. Additionof water vapaur,/
the temperalure

reached.lt is foundthat at equilibrium,

B0%of ethanoicacidhas reacted.When 0.5 mol of ethanoicacid is added
to the mixture,a new equilibrium
is reached
tl
t
At the newequilibrium,
-z1. the quantityof wateriri the containerincreases/
122. the valueof equilibrium
constantK" is 4.6 X
0,q .
(4sl2ooi)
3. the concentration
o.l
of ethanolis 0.48mo[dm-3
0,3h

-,\

t1 ) -

6
- [lltoop,
.' n
.^
0 r1-

:rymol

0.142
0.142
0.142
Basedon the abovedata,it can be concludedthat
/
1. the reactionhappenswithoutheatchanges"
energy
2. the forwardand reversereactionshavethe sameactivation
3. the fonruard
and reversereactionshavethe sameorder
zdJ
zvJ

ll,+

R (aq)+ S (aQ)determinedat vartous

34 The equilibrium
constantK" for the reactionP (aq).+Q (aq)
temperatures
are as follows.

oJ_'

0J

(:vqiltt /c{3f00(21'l

,-z^-

o,T
o,T

$iilt)

-taYE

n.9
0,v o,y
K.-'q,A
n {./

(45t2004)

The graphbelowshowsthe effectof temperaturef on the equilibrium

cOnstant,
K, for the reaction

x(g) + Y(g) ==>

t\ \,.
I

l\
t\
I

'=-I
T

z (s)

,,,?\

l7

lnk =

--AH

IC

AT
I

Whichof thefollowing
conclusions
t{out tn/gr aphis/arecorrect?
SrmicY{
/
of Z intheequilibrium
mixture
increases.
nt of Z in the equilibrium
mixtureincreases
36. In the

(43i2006)

reaction,the equilibrium
positionis unaffected
by the changein temperature.
Which statement(s)
--:.
the reactionislaretrue?

ttWalw

Kc doer, nvt
'- Jrrrttt,
-- '--' -J

"(
enthafpychangeof the reactionis negetive
;e"O

(44t2007)

37. A reversible
reactionat a cert'ain
temperature
canbe represented
by thefollowingequation:
, - tL\
A(g)+B(gI. <=> c(g) tf'f =negative
0
t.)-lv'v/
aboutthereaction
is/aretruewhenthetemperature
is increased? t{*
f/ Whichstatement(s)
?11.Theincreasesintheva|ueofk-1ismorethanthatofk1%,.n,(\

Z:+[:Y:iffiJ:il,'yr::Lryrq"r*.(
U(. U

{u,[r[K\)

tt, (g)+ oz (g) =.-

38.Theequitibrium6ifi;il".lion
in the graph below.

,43,200e)

2No(g)varies
withtemperature
ras shown

^ns'

r \ \ - k{ t-,

E-*t
'-.{

f:
::.4'
b l +ffi1"#ilij3::1i[J'r",:ff:?"^H:#ffiffia*k*,n0",'"
tu,"in",",(
3 The percentage
of the productNO incrciases
pressure
Whichstatement(s)
is/aretrueof the aboverpaction?

(a

./

whenthe

39. Threereactionsbelowhaveequilibrium
constant, Kr , Kzand K3.
Oz (g)
+ oz
(9)
Oz (9)

_W\gl g)
Zttolgl + !!to-zG)

-E.-_.*
:-.=----

/XO 191
zJ!Ot('g)
ffi1s1
-

)iNro,

(44t2OOg)

increases.

?N-t

K1
K2
K2

l(3

wouldbe the expression

for the equilibrium
constantK for the followingreaction,in termsof K1, K2and Ks ?
+

2 N 2 O 3( g )

A. 1 / (Kl K2K3)^

c r rtr,r,'(.'?1

.{0.

\ )
(
\-.

2Nz(g) +

3 O z( g ) K

q K',
'ir K, Kr, .-\

v :

N3

iiil x,k,'l

S
t t f n h r r r rdioxide
' l i n v i r { e rreacts
aan}c u
r i t l r oxygen
nvrrnan
n fform
nrm o
rrtnhrrr lriaviAa
n a ra,arair.t^
^^^ri^^
^^ J^r^,^,^.
Sulphur
with
sulphur
trioxideiin
a reversible:reaction
as
follows:
- lto

2sor1g;+ oz(g)
.a.-bc

=-

.L
u-/^
-*b

2sos(g)

a 2 dm'vessel,the numberof molesof sulphurdioxide,ilygin and sulphurtrioxidein an equilibrium

mixtureare a,
ln
b and c respectively.
The expression
for the equilibrium
constant,K"forthe abovereactionwill be:
/1
r
(
;
)
'
A.c2t4a2b
B.c2tza?b
D.2c2ta2b
G\rl"ro
\J
41. Methanereactswithwaterto form carbonmonoxideand hydrogenas shownbelow:
/ 9 lL/ h \
-(,Zl
C H q ( g )+ H z o ( 9 )
+ jHr(g)
co(s)
\1)

dr.
0,\

3.

When6.0 molesof methanereactwith 1.2molesof waterin a 1 dm3vessel,0.2 molesof waterare

constant,]G 2
eouilibrium. What is the valueof the equilibrium

B.

DA

B. Hz(g) + coz(s)
q2soz(g) +oz(g)
n'stgl i l2(s)
&

HzO(g)
2SOg(g)
+
S(
2Hl(g)

is decreasedat a constanttemperature?

co(s),
r

43. Equalmassesof Nz.NHgand NzOare injectedintoa vacuumcontainerto.

Whichof the followingis trueof the partialpressuresof Nz , NHsand NzO?
=
=
P N H3
C
PNHe
PNzO
A.
PNz
<
PNzO
PNH3
B.
PNz
PNHg

27

1A

19.

42. Whichof the followingreactionswill increasein yieldwhenthe

2NHg(g)
A. Nz(g) + 3Hz(g)

n
V

present
at

6)

'

.rb n Nilr

iil"

of 3 atm.
a totalpressure
<

PNz
.

PN2O
pNz

44. The equilibriumconstantl$ for the followingreactionis 319 Pay' 298 K and 1.8x 10" Pa at 5500K.

caco3(s)

rF-*

pao(s)

Fo, ( g ) A h = *

r Whigh.plthe followingstatementis correct? ,,/

'\
A. hme forwardreactionis endothermif
pressurewill increasethe yieldof CO2
)Bl lncreasing
r
C. The valuiof Kodependson the amountof CaCp
D. The amountof COzproducedis not affectedbyttdmperature

45. Considerthe followingreaction:

A H = -9.6KJ
2Hl (g)
Hz(g) + lz(g) =:
What is the effectof increasingpressure?
A. Increasesthe rateof the forwardreactiononly
B. lncreasesthe rateof the reversereactiononly
factor
by the
O\ Increasesthe rate of both fonryardand reversert
t/ ln"r""r"s the rateof forwardreactionmorethan e rate of t reversereacton.
that
2AzB,
46. In the reaction2Aq * B, +
= 0.54 moldm . Whatis I
0.0224moldm-"and [A2B]uo
[Az]"q=
' oldm-'
A . 7 . 9 1 x1 0 - ' m
A ) 2 . 1 2 x1 0 - 1 6m o l
D . 1 . 4 5x 10-8nrol
B
2 . 1 2x 1 0 t sm o ld m - 3

Giventhat
3,36x 1018.
2

47. A mixtureof nitrogenand chlorinegaseswas keptat a certain

2NClg(g)
Nz(g) + 3Cl2(g)
-mixturewas analysed,it contains0.0070mol
r Whenthe equilibrium
reaction
constant( for lbq
Calculatethe equilibrium
thr$reactron.
\ 2 a . 4 . 0x 1 0 1 m
4 . 0x 1 0 1 1d m 6
1 oldm-3
Q
dmomol-z
+.0
i
to'2
D.
moldm-3
B. 4.0x 1012

N2,0.0020mol of Clzand 0.95molof NCls.

in fn enclosedsystem:
48.Thefollowingreactionis allowedto attainequilibrium
AH=-17B,3kJmol-'
Coz(g)
CaO(s)
CaCOg(s)
-t

A. twiceitsoriginalvalue.
naritsoriginalu.'r"
@
* nA

o,Fi"2-

\(/

lt c,,

l.p
I

A. the initialamountof CO2(g)

-A(g) +
49. In the system AB(s) of B to changeto
equilibrium
concentration

Ir

B(g),doubling

of A willcausethe
eouilibrimconcentration

one-th its originalvalue

h its originalvalue

.F

nN

o'0[ 0.0$
t4.I0rr tlKOH
( |
\-Z

,h

C)^s Lo-

7,/

A.L1jo
_, (

c. s.sl

B.6.88

D.12.60

E.13.30
,

f o .Dzr L

\ o1
-L J

.f
A. HS'(aq) + HzO0) t'

(fl13/1ess)

A. tH'l = toHl .
l{'l= ca,./
\
G) x"= co'

o.

looo
motdm3
t8

"=

tu

(Q14/2ool)

8. A6 aqueouS solution of ethanedioic acid contains H2C2O1,

HC2O4',C2O42',H3O' and HzO with different
q10/2002)
concentrations.Which of the followiqg\speciegis the strongest base?
(b)'croo''
A. Hrcroo
B. Hc2o1'
D. Hro

E . 6 -= [ H ' ] [ o H ]
,
[Hro]
"/

9. The ilensity of glacial ethanoic acid is 1.05 g cmo. What is the pH of the_solutiontofi-medilfre-n2.0'cm3of
(q14t2002)
th'eacid is dissolved in distilled water and tht volume made up to 200 cm3?
lRefative atomic mass: C,12,H,1, O.16;Theacid dissociation cons'tant,K",of ethanoic acid = 1.8x 1d'5mol dryrsl
Ne{g) + 3Hr (g)r--l
(g)
aH - 93 &J
}lHs
A. 0.76
B. 2.4s
2.7s
D. 2.s0

o,l
dm'3 ethanoic acid, CH3COOH,is

3. What is the pH of the buffer solution formed when 500 cm3 of .q.?-mol
a d d e d t o 5 0 0 c m 3 0 . 3 3 m o l d m 3 s o d i u m e t h a n o a t e , c H r c O O N0a. l?b b
[ A c i d d i s s o c i a t i o nc o n s t a n to f e t h a n o i c. y 4 , K ^ = 1 . 7 5 r 1 0 ' 5m o l d m i l
A. 4.00
B. 4.20
C. 4.sl
(g/ 4.97
E. 5.33

HzS(aq) + OH'(aq)

B. HSO3'(aq)+ HzO(l) . HzSOr(aq) + OH'(aQ)

+
OH-(aq)+ OH-(aq)
@ o'- ("q) HzO(D .
D . N H r ( a q )+ H 2 O( l ) . t N H i ( a q )+ O H - ( a q )

3J '

ionizes accordingto the equation

00;d'
Hzo (l) r=+
nt(rqi * orit ("q)
lf the concentration of water is c iihd its degree of dissociation is c, which of the following expression is
(Q14/1999)
not correct?

t. V*",

l,'1rO-bae

-ln
which of the following equation does the OH' ion act as a conjugateacid?.

I r l n a t i s t h e p H o f t h e s o l u t i o n o b t a i n e d w h e n 3 o 0 c m 30o.f2 m o ld m ' 3 s u l p h u r i c a c i d i s a d d e d t o 2 0 0 c m 3 o f
r0{mol dm'" aqueous potassium hydroxide?

(015/1999)

*ffit'

10. Barigfi.hiqtgxide iS a strong base. Which bdt chart representsthe presence of species in 0.1 mol dmJ
aqu6ouSbaridrhhydroxide?
[11/2OO3l

4 . T h e g r a p b b e l o w i s t h e t i t r e t i o n c u r v e o b t a i h e d . w h e h 5 0 b i r0i r. o
l oldm-3ethanoicacldlstitrEitedwithri
1m
0.1 mol dm"'sodium hydroxidd solutioh.
[bft. o] ethanoic acid = 4.8j
\-/"

nrolrln

'

{no{ lo ierlcl

.-';;it;'Tl:-.
!.-ir'jr.'i.

!atotl)z

//

/t':t
l : # "ir .. . "

' Ar\,
t.s'
,lrr
- , , ' *...r,,t ; ' j

'.r, .-r- t-

,t:

ii

, . 1 . , i r . . - . _ . e-Al
.j..:l
+ : ,
nrol rlm-r

:0s170&90

At what pH is the buffer capacitythe

A. At the neutralizationpoint, that is at pH = 7.0
f,E'l When the pH = pka,that is at pH = 4.8 -,
Y
B e f o r et h e a d d i t i o no f s o d i F m h y d r o x i d e t, h a t i s a t p H = 4 . 2
D . A f t e r t h e a d d i t i o no f 1 0 c m " o f s o d i u m h y d r o x i d e , t h a it s a t p H = 1 0 . 6
E. After the addition of excess sodium hydroxide,that is at pH = 10.6

,til(oil): uur' ot{-

11. In an acid-basetitration, a 1.0 inol dm{ solution of an acid. The graph below shows the variation of pH
value of the solution with the volume of the base added.
l4
tl
l2
ll
lo

l\

l'----

1){

n*---l;---T-

,l
tl

tt

i\

pH7

li

,-__l_____il.=
Volumc
ol llIO rtmr

6. What is the pH of the solution_formedwhen excess ammonium chloride is shaken with aqueous ammonia

of concentration
0.1 n/Slctmr?[The
basedigs4ciation
constantof ammoniais t.g xr0'3mliil1,i;;/r0i;1j
A.1to4
D .1 1 t o 1 4
,i-C..lztorr
! 4to7
I
r

\r!MJ'^n
=Fku*11
rol.i
tJ

(o14/2900)

5. Which of the following graphs correctly shows the variation of pH when 20.0 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm'3aoueous
sodiuin carbollate is titrated with a 0.2 mol dm{ of hitric acid using phenolphthaleinand methyl orange.
(o16/2000)

t-ll
.li

l.t'

Spccrcs

,q c'V

6
5
.l
l
2

o
Vbluure

of base aclcled./cml

sb*a.
what are the acid and base used in the titration which produced the above graph?
Acid
Base
HN03
KOH

B.
q.
A+.

(_/

HCI
cH3cooH
cH3cOoH

(Q14/2003)

NH.
NH;
NaoH

12,Hydrazine, Nz[r,
l2r,Aydrazine,
NzHr,i9
is a weak
weakbase.
base.The dissociation constant Kr ofthis base is 3.00 x 10 mol dmr. What is
the pH value of a 0.100mol dmr aqueous solution of hvdrazine?[1s/20031
A. 3.26
B. 7.50

,/.

c. s.46

rc]

13' Hydrogensutphide reacts with water according to the following equilibrium equation.
H2s(aq)+2Hzo(t)i--2t-t3o'(aq)+s2-(aq)
aH t+ EH tS
_,.
+
Which aqueous solutlon would rot influence the conc;ntration of 52- lons when added
to the above
e-quilibrlum.mixturgl
g"lvble
I1B/zoO3I
A. Am_rnonla
carbonate
D.
tead
(tt)
ethanoate
G)
lB.,Ammo"niirri'idlntrate
"ooirr
14. WSttchof the fottowing is not an acid-base reaction?
,/

"/

A. Ar(oH)3+oH-l-

Ar(oH)i

B. C6H5OH+ OH-f-

C6H5O-+ HrO v/

_C. [Fe(HrO)6]3'+HzO -r

/,/

Which of the following ls the

A. HCOO-

strongest
base? ,O*k -il

(o2/2006)

ts. cH3coo-

A\
(J
cL"
D' o>*-'
'19'.
r.futf9t solutions .ale u9y lmportant to chemical and biological systems. catcutate the pH of buffer
sglftion formed by mixing
ioo cm3 of 0.0s0 mor dmi ethanoic icio ariJ io cmt;i;rd
;;1 ;;.i'J;l;
+^
r-'/,,Cthanoate.[l(. for ethanoicacid ls 1.2 x 10-5mol dmil

+H|O.J
[Fe(H2O]5oHt2'

+ GHroH :
cH3coocH3 + H2o
(o9/2004)
""."oo"
graph
15. The
below shows the variation of pH forthe titration of 25.0 cm3of 0,2 mol dm-3aqueous ammonia
solution wlth 0.2 mol dm-3hydrochloric acid.
(e19/2004)
Q

/ /u\ /

i.-e.t

B. 4.s

O..t

70

D. s.4

19 .

z0.)xfihichunderlined_molecule
reacts as a Lewis base?

Kro+SQ!------'
!f9.
BF3!!!---+H3N.BF3

,4.
,-/ A,

g+
g-arrtftr

c.oH-+g1_-+ H6s,'
D.cH3cr_-1 E SL;

(e15/zoo6)

(a1o/2008)

Fectr.

21'An aquous solution of monobasic acid has pH 3.5. 25.00cm3volume of an aqueousffti"

sotution of the acid
4
i>^ompletely neutralizedby 27.50cmJ of a 0.10 mol dmr sodium hydroxidesolution. The value of the
acid
;
.
i
.
i
s
l
'
i
o
a
;
;
r
;
;
i
'
constant
of
the
acid
is
/,/dissociation

/
DLc'jf,J

,,

B.J.4ax 10's
moldm.

7 ordm.
@ r . o u' 1 0 'm
o. g.sg, ro. moiJ,n.

(otslzooai

ammonium chloride is added in excess to an aqueous sotution of ammonia containing

?-I["::?1i,9
(e14/2008t
fqenotp-hthatein,asan indicator.
toJutlon.isformed
c. the plnk colour of the sotution remains unchanged
-'//LL^)?b:!::
B. hyclrogenchloride gas is evolved
D. a solution with a pH less than Z is formed

oirori:bislor{4iio

23, The equilibrium constants of two equilibriumsystems are as follows:

Volume
ofHClodded,/cd

(CH3)rNH(aq) + H2O(t) :=

Which part of the graph shows the mixture of ammonia and hydrochloric acid that can be used as'buffer
solution?

(CH3)2NH2'(aq)
+ OH-(aq) Kb = S.4 x .tO{

NHrOH(aq) + HzO(l) iNH3OH'(aq)+ OH'(aq)

Ko = 9.1 x 10.e
about the spectesin the above reactionis true?
V
B'q
c'r
(a12/ZOO9)
OYll:1,:ld9r:"ts
(\c
0C.NH2OHls a stronger acid than H2O.
9t NH39H' is a stronger acid than (CH3)2NH2'.
B.NH2OHis a stronger base than (cHtrNH.
16. WhlcMf the following solutions can retain its pH when a few drops of aqueous sodium hydroxide is
D.(_cH3)lNHi::
base thanbH:troiger
?
,!
pair
24.
Which
of
solutions
yield
i. Aqueous 2-chloroethanoicacid
will
pH
a
buffer
solutions.with
a
value
of about i _wnen,th$sotutions
Qr Aqueous sodium ethanoate
of equal
.I
.,
f n$\ '
AD W a
-3.
volurrF and concentration with a pH value of about it-whert{heotutfons of equal volume and concentration
Aqueous amino-ethanoicacio
o
-1)a t ^,"o. Aqueous phenot
(e12/200s)"u
A ild
apillxedtogeth?.r?---...
fu
A. CH3COOHand CH3COONa
17. Hln is an acid-baseindicatorwhich is blue in the rnolecularform and yellowln the ionic form. The
C_. C2H5NH2
and HCI
_/
B. CH3COOHand NaOH
dlsg6ciation
constantof this indicatoris 1 x 10{ mol dm'3.Whatis the colourof this indicatorin a solution
Crgrruff,
and CzHsNH3rpt6)

added?

gilh pH 7?
$f,Yellow
Jiu.Thevaluesof

"'-- ll- "

B. Purple

' '-

C. Btue

oiil-,crNa

,Gof severat
substancesaregiveninthefouowingtabte.

Hln

b\.re
K=

In- + H+

$l\o'
t"- Ht

Frn'
k =.>
lr.- -_ trto-e
'A.
.-\.
I
H. I'lh
l{ro

a^25.#'tnixture

(1s/2005)

D. Green
v

ztooo'

Afin/L aiz- tvb

of citric acid and sodium citrate acts as a buffer in foodiiun. uitrictr statement is not true of the
rcy'ction of this mixture?
./
te13t211}l
A.
The dissociationmixture of citrlc acid increasesin the presenceof an alkali.r'
,/
B.
Citric acld reactswith OH' ions In the presenceof an alkali.r,/
C.
Citrate ions react with H* lons in the piesenceof an acld.y
q'
Na* ions react with OH' ions in the pr'esenceof an alkall,

R-coox
^Jd:ee+.t
RTCOONa

26. The pH of blood of a healthy person is in the range of 7.35 to 7.45.Which statementexplains how the
(O11/2013)
human blood system mdintains its FH within that range if t}{e ls an excess of H'ions?

(16/1999)
What is the solubility_product, Kspof silver ethaneqioate at thgrsame temPerature? ^
C . } 6 . 1x 1 0 ' ' ' m o l ' d m ' "
8 . 5 . 3x 1 0 ' m o l ' d m - '
A . 2 . 3x 1 0 { m o l d m '
x10'11mol3dm4
D. 1.2 x 10-1rmol3dm'e
\--l
Q.4.9
2. Silvgr sulphate, Ag2SOl, and strontium sulphate, SrSO4 are added to water. Which of the following
(15/2000)
sita{ementsis trtte regardingthe saturatedsolution obtained?
'tsotuUitity
=
=
x
10'7
mol2
dmr
at
298
Kl
product,
and
SrSOa
2.8
1.5
mol3
dm'e
Kse:
Ag2SO{
110
,,
SrSOnis more soluble than Ag2SOa./
--'4.
B. The sulphate ions in the saturatedsolution come from SrSOn.
C- The concentrationof the sulphate ions fiom Ag2SOlcan be ignored.l _
/
6J nddition of a little silver nitrate will decreasethe solubility of Ag2SOa.
| 6 /
i nicl lr e a s g o n t h e a d d i t i o n o f a q u e o u s s i l v e r n i t r a t e t o t h e
E tnesulphateionconcentrationatequilibriumw
saturated solution.
l.

t
@'frheydreneutralised

bysweatins.
A.rheyareeliminatad

are neutralised6f RSffi"J|Eg!99t.-)fneV

27, The buffdr capacity of a Solutionis a measure of the amount of acid or base that the solution can absorb
without a significant ihange in pH. Wnat are the concentrationsof NH.(aq)an-dNH4-(aq)that will produce the
(014/2013)
maximyrf buffer capacity?[Basedissociation constant, Kr, of NHr is 1.8 ; 10-"moldm']
B. They are neutralisedby H2CO3in the blood.

tNH3r

a./

o.s

-4.
D.

1.0
2.0

ili'l

kPL%kQnb '

rl

o . s4 t W .
2.0
1.0

28. The eduation for the autoionisationof methanol is shown below.

lQ'|4t20121
+ cH:oH
cH3o- + cHroH:.,4n,on
i"q,*:*
Whlr6 statement is true of the reaclion?
c. cH3o- ion is a weak conjugate base
A/cHtOH is a Lewis acid
D. CH.OHi ion is a weaker acid than CH3OH
@ CH,OU has an amphoteric behaviour
29. Pherrolphthaleinis a suitable indicator foi the titrdtlon of
c. NH3(aq)with cH3cooH(aq)
G, tyloxt"gl with Hcl(aq)
D. KMnO4(aq)with (COOH)r(aq)
with H2SO4(aq)
_pTf,lHdad

JVr.

l-

lo15/2012I

04(aq)

and NaHSOT (aq)

I,ffi

r'1--:'t1i"
$
,
I 1.I

NaOH(aq) and CH3COONa(aq)

CH:COOH(aq) and CHTCOONa(aq)

[x'-l

.,.

^.tt7- _1tffi'aroe
'qo
o - - 1 A 1 ) L U 3- ' / r .
z .
(, .1C
/ x lo-5rrroldm-r

FL(O+.

5, IW, MY, and MZ.ate sparingly soluble salts, When aqueous MNO3 is added dropwise to an aqueous
sglution containing X, Yand Z ions, MX is preclpitated.When aqueous NaZ is added to a small amount of My
_/recipitate, My dissolves and MZ is precipitated. The sequence of MX, MY and MZ according to the
descending order of their solubility product i\
(8/2006)
_,2
a. rltx, MY, Mz
B. Mx, Mz, My
MY, MZ, MX
D. MZ, My, MX
I
6 . t - e a d l l l )c h r o m a t e , P b C r O 4 , i s a y e l l o w p i g m e n t . T h e s o l u b i l i t y p r o d u c t o
Pfb C r O a a t 2 5 " C i s 2 . 8 x 1 0 - 1 3 m o l 2
dm''. What will happenif a few drops of an aqueous solution of lead (ll) nitrate is added to a saturatedsolution

2. Cprbonic acid, HzCOg,and hydrogen carbonate ion, HCO3',are agents of the buffer system in blood. Which
regttions bccur when the levei of acidity in blood increases?
f / 1. HCO3'-+ H- + COr''
z. Hco3-+ H'Hzcor
V
(Q41/2003)
3. H2co3 ----) co2+ H2o
, "

dm!
,M""x,o.rm.
M
.W
o
*

solubility product Kpof sitver cIrUon&e is 6.30 x 10'12rhol3dnr-sat 298 K. What is the concentration of
@,/nu
-7
(13/2003)
silver lons in a saturatedsolution of silver carbonateaLlhis temperature?
B. 1.16 x l0{ mol dm'3
mol dm'3
10" mol dm.
D.1]7 x 10{ mol dmn
.,-,/ A.fr{-xTdo
W,

1. The reaction betweenlactic acid, HOCH(CH3)COOH,

and the hydrogen phosphate ion, HPOr2',is simllar to
the reaction between lactic acid and ammonia. Befbie being transported to the kidney to be eliminated,the
A/t lactic acid produc-edin human tissue first reacts with the hydrogen phosphate ion in the blood. In this
reaction,the HPOr''ion
1. regcts as a base y'
A
f f
2. rg6ctswith lactic acid to produce the -OCH(CHs)COO'ion
HzPO4-ion
(046/2001)
l./eacts with lactic acid to produce the

-_/

2:
I.N

.\

Which of the followinq stater'lentsdsnot correct Wilh resoectto the qraoh above?
-.t
A. The solubility pioduct, K,ool\*)a*ffi7fo
mol2'dm6./ 7.^'!,p lu\Ll,,
t
\ rv
T h e solubilitv
s o l u b i l i t vof
o fMX
M X iin
n opure
urew
a t e r iis
s 22.0
. 0 x 10-'
1 0 - 'moldm'
mo
- 8 . The
water
ll
10-smol dm3.
r- c) rne solubility ot MXini solution containing 1.0 x 10'smol dm3 of f-ion is::d
\f
(1512002)
The 6haded area below the curvg Q represents the unsatdrated solution of /trlX.

114t20141

3 . A n i l i n e , C 6 H 5 N H 2 , i s a n o r g a n i c b a s e u s e d i n t h e m a n u f a c t u r edoyfe s . A s o l u t i o n o f 0 . l 5 m o l d m ' 3 C u H s N H ,
has pH 8.9. Which statement(s)is/aretrue of aniline?
1
l t i s a n A r r h e n i u sb a s e .
2
lJ
2
lts value of base dissociation constant,Ks, is 4.2 x 10'10mol dmr.
3
lts degree of dissociation,o, is 5.3 x 10'".
la,|4/20101

{al . ^f

together.Which pair of solutions will yield a buffer

32. An equal number of moles off two solutions

solution?
H3COOH(aq)
and NaOH(aq)

Irrrzot4
a

{\'

certaintem'erature'
sffi

30. WI'ich statementexplains why aminonla acts as a base?

1424t20121
C. lts molecule has a pyramidalshape
@ f6 molecule has one lone pair of bleclrons
D. lt dissolves easily in water
B, lt is made up of non-metallicelemdhts

C. A suitable indicator used i5 methyl orangef

(q A buffer solution is formed at ihe end point of the
vl

,nu graph below shows the concentration of the /l,f' and )f- ions in a saturated solutions of MX at a

j?f:"""i,t*=oridorpbcro4dissorves.

Pb Crg+ )

Pb++ Lt)t^

- -3:li:!311,"'1il[1''"1'"J,'J.;[:l,i;311""'i"rtl'.?ti;".
,,,"ioo'
fr6lfne concentrationof CrO4-ions is less than 5.29 x 10'7mol dmr.

7. The solubility of aluminium hydroxide,Al(OHh, is x mol dm3. What is the expressionof the solubility

nrodffi.p' ofA(OH)3?

1
D

--// \--'
'/

B.

*\{o$)l

[14/20101

3x'

3x2

kl9l
-t* +46VYf

+ lPLr"')o4,rt'
?b7(f04).

-,

g,1".ru,.t"o
orr""a1r,,
,no.Onr",
"o,u,ion
Pt,(Po.)n'o
r''TTiY'if*"
"oU-.U,"ofil"_P*

"'3:rubrritvre'T+"1or xro* @

f l"',,,)u-u
irirliiuror

er,ro-

W,

t'n'e"tut'
tr"' r'*
t

otc.tciudhyddrde,caloH):,ho ! pHvatu.ottz4. )t,iarbrhe nuncdcarEtu.

,,,1Xg.r.atutatearor'nron
or t

tntj\ = Gq+zo:H'
N-*
h(oill
/-v+rtt?'
r'o
/p;nUf'""tn:tff;lS:',"dil1",,.,'-;,,]'"Htz'hasapHvaTll"i,.{{iiil!e::"'':il,;;',ti'
vapourpressure/atrn
'',li;'
+'gs
xt[i"

:_ _:::

irr . c uor.?6- "

."

10. A small amount of selid silver chlorido is mixed with.an aqueous solution of potassium iodideAi test

S"'5y[#ii;{1"9:lii1*;rlo,2dm
i[",i1fl"1;H'i?i]3.S#-"
respect,";;
Aa-ci-trof d i ' J J .
S
o l i d s i l v e r c h l o rdrsds
i d e d i s s oInl vrh.
e s.qu.our
i n t h e a q.otu{on
u e o u sof
s opotr.Btum
t u t i o n o t---p o t a s s i u' lm)tza
sm.{Erchbnd.
\d,rl
todid..
,4
p.clpli.r.tom.darga*".r'cn aci,ei*!iii,i;ti;;;;;:
r'{
'\e, \ n6
ay.r* pr*rptt i. io.m.d.
n J ^ 6;;;idi;;i;;-Aq,t0S ,41,

,j,otb6onl

^ 4U'vwv-"'

KIA^[rH

*4It!\^)nsnorrru'-

./

,.//

.r'

I I

,4
|

u
\,/

tj

*n,* eqr"
.,s,"*or/n,." * *,r;;f.,.11"Ji5,i:';l"fo%
w ,n{Eybo
"u*nn ra.r6,np,.1ue,.
"
B MLIUG:lt r llquldtt l' atn'

tt lhe 3otubttttprcduct,
a:o r r o' mor!dn. at 206K wh.r t. t F
&, , ro
ot.flv.r
ta!. in not"ir*-t
dnr, ""ttonicli
br...tuEt d,ptlnionofr{v.r Erhonrt .t0Ett hpentuc?
/conc.nt60oG
"
"^
";";ti
Ji
"-;:1'jixloi.i';i;.
iiif
,Dt2.32xlo-

c Mliuc..:irb.! vlpour.tl0.h.
n at t mpedtuEt rh. vrpdr cdpqrton oth|nuE yot in! moEnt
2 w.t r ad rodlm.E two *.Dle
*.r.pr. enrc*.or*r...
rr,. dataon r*rE6tres
,."" mot2
-J-. dm4.what
*-,- is the
-^ mass
-"-- -.
-----,..12.rhesolubilityproductof masnesium-carboiaieis
i.oox 10'5
of masnesium
ijJ'iili,ii'iililliJr;"0:H,;:1;'&?"?,X[?i;ili:ilt;
c a r } o n a t e p r e c i p i t a t e d w h"e n 2 5 .".*"*t".-:-,
0cm,ofanaqueousso|utionofo.5oomo|dm{magnesiumnitrateisaddedtoffi

sodium
carbonate?
3r"T;?i":H,:::H;'i::"J;il!'c3il#\|iA.
gSScm"ofanaqueoussolutionof0.500moldm3sodiumcarbonate?

0.0s33s

B.0.250s

(SJr.oss

D.1.05s

-rr
lt
).^r,l*1.
lt,rlr*;
?.lbxro-'r

r----1x.-----i-r----___l--ii'o-_--l

Which of the following statemgdtsl:.true of water and iodine?

A W a t e r a n d i o d i n e f r e s o t i d s a t t e m p e r a t u r e o f 0 . C a n da p r e s s u r o o f 1 Z . 0 k p a .
'
B lce melts and sublimes at a temperatureof 0"C and a gdpsure of 0.66 kpa.
at atm
os pnerig./es!
n heated
ncw d
m6pmn
ure../
re3uE.y
!, lce ?iil' ioci ne iiffiwhen
Sofid iodine melts at a temperature
p.rttue.b@o
above114c9lnd.
1't4/nd
ptt.u4 of 12,0kP..
a pressurc
{D}

V
\ ;
_-/"

wten nir.d .t rem temD.6tuB?

,3. Whlch ol tn. followlng talr. ol lohnion! wlll fom . whtl. precrrittte
producror crsor, ar @m rMphtuE, t! 6 r lo I moi dn.l
trh6 3orubirrry
',/
-&\
' i.5ocm'gro.lnordn'r!:sorand5oc#ig.rmordmt.rrlH,li
z tm dt of o.oi nol dmr H,so. lnd too cnrot o,oi dot dm.cdNo.l, v
I
v

3 1socm'or
o'ot nordn'i*o' *a ieo
oooi'oia'tin-iiri'
"''"t

{ctexees)

fiiJ*ol?#"*

"<
-r.-shqln
/ - - - - lb.td.
s..F6cilon.ldi.till.tondr96mlttubr.rd.Yath.distirr'ret\''Y./

."]

-\\
--..\

It,r/201q ,:
//> :',....
/A
t::i;';.t,

|
I

//"=/.

li'"-/ \_L_

t
dr!d'r,.on.
" " "r".r

G ,,,v.p*,-o rro -.*ou-"

"*(fi30*::

./l
:'opononc.no
::
.._ Propanone
and ethyl
4nyrethanoate
Mrno4.Eare organic
are otS6
org.nrcliquids
||qurcwhich
wmcnrE
ot- i4 u'sed
At 30.C,
vapour
u..d..as solvents.
sotwni..ar
!0.c, the
thev.pou.
pEsuE. or pbt6non. .nd .oryl dthrnorc .rc 37,5rP. ard'15.5*P. Gspecriv.ry,wh.t I. th Epour
!c?
pE$uo ori.olutioncol|.lnlns0.a0
mol9lpron on..n{tt20 moror.rhyrefiano.r.Er30
a. 13kP.
B.
ll]!
glsorx
(otl/2005)
E r3kPa
akPa
6,!U9t
D. j2kP6 trl
D.32kPE
1r_l
rotr/2005'
!c.E
s, th. wpour!r.*u.! or pu.ltquiox.nd vat2o
4srip..nd 3Ekp. Gpecrivety,
Thror.rv.pour

^,

l-B:}-

(013/200.)

,,'
!. ,.,..--:,..-,^,,_..,__
whlch ol lho lollowlng -_.-_--.-.,.t m.nG r. -.
tu. ol .n {.9!r6tc mtrtue ot . .dLnion d$ . n.grl|w devtatiohfrm

pPducrsorx4
r( h.-lorubJnty
" nol' dn- .nd 3 " l0 ' mol' dn_ Bpe.tiwty. Which of rh. foltdtng n|It!rc. wfll prodEo a
t\
/rrect.nt?
,-r1 - .
,l{ ,a/ i5 .;, oro.ooo3.or dmr F.so, .nd 75mr ot o,ooolmordn. .oH 6( = a, }ZX tO .
r'
2. 50cm'olo.Ootnotdm.MssO..hdzs.m,or0,oo2dotdn.!.rco:4:rti{4XrO.1
3, 2s.nr
2scd ol
orooot
ooorfrot
hor dn{
dn' AgNo:
asNor.n.t
m.r 26cn'
cnr of
oro.OOo1
o.ooo1
mordm'
d.' &cro.
r<,bo. 1..
to&/2ool)
;.,_ Ijif
. -if
tO&/2oor)
&=uor"
15,Tlleenqty ponrefor@ct ton

and p*..oe d

rupsratce

(.-'\

(air,,oo4)

.. \tb\

li=F*"d;l

fui#'

\ /
..
//

p|Fle

or. nirtuE of th. iwo llqul& ulih . O30mololnctld

---

i'vhrch
rrrh"r.r';"s "d;;;l;;!6arh;;
(&
rh. mrrur..ho6.

it$i\{.vl.tlon

;.t

of Xlt the --i1;41-"-.,

sn. t dar.tuE -i-;,;f
is 39.6|{P..
ri:it--:

rromR.dri Brtu

c,
c. rnc
Th.vapo,r
v.our p.""u.
dl/ tn
Inth.
mlrtre rr 2s.c
DEllur &4
th. mtrtire.t
2s.c rs
|3ro.s
10,3kpa.
kPa,x
t

D. rh. drnsth.
ol Intfrd*d.rtoEd orxDd vaE.bor4the.rne.

'-l

\-- )

rt-Uu \

(ars/2006)

'fi:1,.*,n*:ff:;:::fl,.jfr:n$*#;";m:*;.Jut,or.r,mo,a,rhewht
p.c,ph!

bltHii,ftHliH{{il"i.ff$rr,i^",",
D. NH.'ron. d.cH.. lne @n6nltaud or ori bn.rn$e$rudon.

Thl. @ction may be endotherfrrciebthsnlc or lrr.don.utnr. whrch d.tment B tru. ot the @.tion?
s wrth t mp.nruE,
dnd c .r. rh6 .ano ar su tbriu.,
r., iiii,
r;;;;ii*
b dd.d.
;;;-;;;i
;;;-"ii
O
".,r.ry.i
D. Tho a.riv.rion energyror rh. rotu.rd c.d|on r. r@.r th.n
lhat .l o. E@Ee @ton.

iQzt2oo3,

X dd 102.0g of Y rE mlred tog.lher, r .olulton with a v6pour p|!$UE of /ts3 rPa b prodled .t lht.
t no.6uc
whrch 3tatcnstn.bod th. @c{on r. notrru.?
lR'ltdE mot'cultr nts of x andY tE !2 0 'nd 46'0 Elp'cllv'lvl
'

+'

r'
"'::T1':fr"lT"J('ndY't5ot'e3{6*P!'ndl;?*P'EecrrErv
il/Y'
,1\

"11

rV4.

"t\'

^- r
|

--,\
\ot

It

tr

X and Y can be separatectfrom the mixture by fractlonal disti.,!a(i6n.

An azeotropicmixture is formed.
D. EnthalpyJrfange, AH = 0.

[Q16/20101

I./

8. The vapour pressure-compositiongraph of a solution consisti0gl.d'two

tiquid components A and B is shown
below.

vanour
nrcssfe/ kPa

1 2 . T h eb o i l i n gp o i n t so f e t h a n o la n d t o l u e n ea r e 7 8 ' C a n d 1 1 0 ' Cr e s p e c t i v e l yA. s o l u t i o no f e t h a n o li n t o l u e n e

formed an azeotropewith a composition of 68% ethanol and a boiling point of 76'C. lf a solution containing 20%
ethanol is fractionally distilled, which staternent about the process is true?
A. The highest temperatureof the distillationlocess is 78^C
Q The percentageof toluene in the vapou?dhasedecreases
C. The distillatecontains 80% toluene
D. The residueis pure alcohol
112t20147
phase diagram for a solution cor.cainingliquiC rnixtrrreof X and Y is shown

A
Which statement about the graph is true?
A.
The bolling point of A ls lower than that of 8.1
B.
The value of the enthalpy of solution is positive.
Liquld A ls the first distillateobtained during fractio\tffistillation. *
A
Liguid A could be water and liquid B could be methanol(9l
L The liquid-vapourphase diagram of a mixture of liquids Z and Y is shown below.

'

11'll2o11l
(Q't3/2013)

l' 0

oo of.nntrosi.i6n

Which statementis
about
A. Fractional
The solution shows

above?

Boiling pointPC

14. The diagram below shows the vapour pressure-compositiongraph for an ideal mixture of henzene and
toluene at 20"C.

o/n Conrposition

Itrlhatcoutd be deduced from the phase diagram?

-/
CA?Liquid X could be ethanol and liquid Y could be methanol.
-X and Y *- Y.
B. The attraction between X *- Y is stronger than that of X
C. The liquid mixture of composition Q can be separatedinto liquids X and Y by fractional distiilation.
D. When the liquid mixturE of composition P is fractlonallydistilled, the distillate is the liquid mirlure of

2ryosition

is liqui|{
Q andtheresidue

rr. sqllqh.o'

/ lO.Jsampteof bromobenzenewassteamdistilleYatl0l.OkPaandg5.2"C.Atthistempcrature,thevapour
in the distillate?
L_gpsbure of water is 85.0 kPa. Wh?itlSTfiFFE EEmSgiEoYbromobenzene by mass
'l
i The retativemolecular mass of bromobenzetqis 157.]
o. s't.2%
B. 37.8%
lQ11t2o12l
A. 15.8%
ej62.1%
|
of
J
and
point-composition
liquid
mixture
diagram
for
the
1't. The bolling

2,Thevapour pressureoftoluene is 1.8 kPa. y'

3.Thevapour pressureofthe mixture of benzeneand toluene is 13 kPa

X,

,lF--".*-;--r,Sr,"J*a

wtratcor,/top*or"z

what will be obtained vrhenthe mixture with composition G is fractionallydistilled?

D. K anc F
C. J and K
A. F only
/AJ .l anU F

\t

[o16/2012]

(Q41/2008)

15. The phasediagram of a mixture of two liquids P and Q is as follows:

\nr

,,,,A

Atn ot
-)Ja"rvrutlvir"ni"n"
h.;";.,{,".*;i*-.
.*las)
;;;;";;

QX
f\

etn"not

--+

WO

ldpql

(olK/2004)

8"8
A . .A 4 ) A " ' B >

c!v*. A . . . 8. L

TopicaiTest

)1 teg = 55

C[''^'.Lo,t Lbs3
SectionA : Answerall thequestions

-1
et

I . Whena 52 cmi flaskis filled with a gasat 2UioC,thepressure

producedis I .29x 105Pa. If thetemperature
is thenincreased
to 400'C,the
B pressurc
increases
to 3.68x 105pa. Whichstarement
explainsthe/observationsJ
R,.i; S.3I J K-r mol-r1
[Gasconstant,
[7t20t0]

(.';

'
i.;=;'u"'r'\o-s

^
| ' rA
'
D. Thenumberof collisionsbef,rieen
gasmolecules
uny't" wall of theflask
A uvuut'r
doublesor
400oC.
at {vv
v'
.
c\[r] ar r "
\,/
g citul'
t' t\
O mrxrurc
mixtureor
nyorogengasano
of hydrogen
and nltrogen
nitrogengasln
in a contalner
containerrs
is malntalned
maintaineda9,a
a9,epressure
of Zuu
ot
200 atmLnd
anda temperature
which tact(
factor
of 45u"c.
450oC.Which
B
6 z.
contributes
to thedeviationfro;qanidealgasbehaviour
underthe conditio/s?
[l/201l]
A. Attractiveforces
polarisability
D. Kinetic energy
(lr)Repulsive interaction C. Molec;.1|a;(
D , 9^ X is collectedin a 250cmr volumetricflaskat 25"Cuntilh{ressure of thegasis 73.5kPa.Themassof X in theflaskis 0.I l8 g at
25"C.Whatis themassof I mol of X ? [ Thegasconstant/ is 8.3JJK-rmol-r.]
'
,

A.7.42g

B. il.3g

c.'r4.6;*

@j i5.;;'

p,j'nRT

elzot2M)

[ +. fft. graphof pV/RT againstp for onemoleof gasesL andM at 298 K is shownbelow.
t\

(7/2012M)

pY
RT

)(hich statementis true of gasesL and M ?

tt. compressibilityofgas M is morethanthatof gasL at pressures
lorverthanx atm./
@
greaterthanr atm.
fBJ lt. repulsiveforcesbetweenL moleculesexistat pressures
t.
ThecollisionsbetweenL molecules
areelasticat pressures
lowerthanx atm
D. Theattractive
forcesbetweenM molecules
aresignificant.y
$

S.nult.r.nce,C6s,is oneof carbonallotrfs foundin soot.Whchstatement

aboutfullerence
is true?
(g/2012M)
A. Its carbonatomhassp' hybridorbigl6. Y
C. lts bondangleis smallerthanthat of graphite.
D. Its densityis higherthanthat of diamond.F
@ fts moleculehasdelocaliied, ele:cydns.

thefoltowinffis excepr
I o.loeatgaso-beys
A. Avogadro'slaw

-$

B, charles'slaw

,/

I2t20l2l

,A.

/6oyre'sraw

(?)Raoult's law

\_/
Z. Oiamond,
graphiteandfullerenes
areallotropes
of carbon.Whichstatement
is trueof thethreeallotropes
of carbon?

,*
61ffiil:iL',l'iii::1!:"#::Hfi.,J.o,"uu,,ion
/
-rv\
A
C.Theyhavesp'hybridisedorbitalsoftheircarbonatgfisX

17l20l2l

r') xi> ?,

<b.
x3
vI < U
D. Theyhavestrongcovalent
bondingandweakly/der waalsforces.
tr
+,
-i,
fquufmasses
of N2,-NH1
andN2Oareinjected
intoa vacuum
container
to produce
a totalpressure
hof 3 atm.Whichof thefollowingis trueof
It

-; portialpressures
of N2, NH3andN2O?
=
A. Pxz
PNur
B. Pr.rz
a
Pm+

PHzo
Puzo

r)

C.

ofsubstance
X is givenbelow.
[ 9. Thephasediagranr

Prz
PNz t

<
,*t

PNzo
/

ut20t4l

P,usure/aun73.0

Whichstatement
aboutthe abovephasediagramis true?
SubsranceX.exists
asa solidat s.r.p.> ,aA
/
,
;\.
($. SolidX sublimes
arremperarure
belowitirriplcpyfi /
C. Thefreezingpointofliquid X decreases
aspregs(reincreases
D. Substance
X existsasa supercritical
fluidat t/mperatures
above3 r . I oc
D
-

g wasfilled intoa 250cm3flaskat 2e8 K and l3./pa.What is themassof I mot of thegas?

l9:,9:I
:j^1T-t^9:]18
gas
constantis 8.3I J K't mol-r.]
[Universal
,/
A. 7.42c
B. lt.3g
{
t+.og
D.. 15.99

[e/20I 5]

al
|

btl
'

lD

5l
ll r/20r

f7 f t. fn. phasediagramofsubstanceX is shownbelow.

Pressure./kPn

-r00 0

t00 200 300

TcmperaturefC

Whatcouldbe deducedfrom the phasediagram?

,
,*
A. The meltingpointof X decreases
whenlhe pressureincreases.
andpressure.
f
\b)X e*istsasa gasat standardtemperature
(9 Th.densityofsolidXishigherthanthedensityofitstiquidT FXcondenseswhenthepressureincreasesat300'C.X
fl
"

tZ. fne reactionbetweenMnOa-ionsandC2Oalionsis catalysedby Mn2*ions. WhenandC2Oa2ionsaretitratedwith MnO4-ions,which

graphrepresents
the variation ofthe rate of reactionwith the votumeof the MnOa ions?
l9l20l}l

-\a

ffil

*,V

*"'..:rln,
,- ,,go,r

L,',*- n.-* l\4

^

N/1
V
+ H2O
[(l:.)rnrrateconsrantforthereaction CH3COOCF3
rffgf.tfrisreaction?
.
B. 8.79x l0's minutes
@,.+0 x l0{ minutes

===
^\
Q)

z,^s4

/
,-.(
c
(p/
CH,COOH+ CHrOH at2loCistf,lgx l0'ss-r. Whatistheh
[t0t20t0]
l.SOx 102minutes
D. 4.94x 103minutes

-)
potassium
b | 4.Aqueous
iodidereacts
peroxide
withaqueous
hydrogen
in acidicsolution
according
tothefollowing
mechanism:
H2O2+f

)H2O+lQ*

slow

.LO-* H. ) lqt
H-A>Oz+U4**iJOI+F|'+l-)L+H"O

.fast
fast

Y >A"++!>

Whichstatement
is true of the reactioninvolved?
A, Thereactioninvolvesthe transferof electronfrom H2O2to I-.
reactioninvolvesacid asa catalyst.
@)fn.
-r

t9l20lll
Q. The reactionis secondorderwith respectto I- ions.X
O
v *. overallreactionis not reversible.

Nt

co,-

f S.wnitn graphshowsthe Boltzrnannspeeddistributioncurvesfor onemoleof nitrogengasandonemoleof carbondioxidegasat thesam

'fl ' remperature?
X
[lo/2ol U
Numbcr'of
molccules

Numbcr of
moleules

Moleculsr spced

Numbcr of
moleculs

ffi'

' \

Numurof
molccules

--K%?
Molecular spccd

decomposition
of hydrogenperoxide2H2O2 )
DofI 6.theThefollowing
graphsis conectif T2 is

2H2O+ Ozwhich is a first orderreactionis conductedat temperature

T1 andT2. Which
higherthanT1?
tglliggl
Tr>-1,

= )ft'lr0"1
kF.Lo,J
E,

(9/20t2M)

peroxideis asfollows:
potassium
h-vdrogen
iodidewith aqueous
of acidifiedaqueous
17. Tt:eraection
+
+
+
(aq)
2HzO(l)
)
llaq)
HrO2(aq)
2
H*
2!-1aq)
1] 'i
v he followingstepsmaybe involvedin themechanism
of thereaction.
)
HzO + 9l_
slow
HzOz + l)
fast
.ol- + H*
Hql
lz + HzOt fast
HOf + H" + I- )
Whatcouldbetheunitof thelateconstant,X?
( sJ or' mol s-'
D. mol dm-3s'l
c. dm6mol-2s'r
A. s-r
\-,
,-/
reactionis true?
abouttheactivationenergyof an endothermig
)- tt. Wt'icttstatement
A. Th" activation
energl,ofthereactionvarieJryittrte*leraitdfLB. Therateof thereactionis higherif theactit'tion energyof thereactionis larger.X
J
C The presence
ofa catalysthasno effectoy'theactivationenergyofthe reaction.l
activationenergyfor the forward ryiction is largerthanthatof the backwardreaction.
@)fne

t/'0'1fTl
.q\p-'k

fr-.

7^ Gl)" thenitrationof benzene,the ratXtermining stepis

L fftrrfiil;*;';i*
electrophile
[9) ttreformationof a carboniumion
O
Y

(10/2012M)

lgl20l2l
@the eliminationof a hydrogenion from a carboniumion
of sulphuricacid
D. the regeneration

20. The reactionX + Y t

Z is first orderwith respectto X andzeroorderwith respectto Y. The rateconstantfor the reactiondoubles
rvithan increase
the lowestrateof reaction?
in thetemperature
by
Il0l20l2l
' l0oC.Whichsetof conditions,gives

A.

.&
c.

[X]/ mor '

tl

dm-r
tYl/ mor

b.,

0.3

0.4

0.7

0.3

,/')"

,,'

0.5

8:ffW
jo

;,i

0.b 20

VrW
,-c

v&zz k txl

o,t ro V-.8.

,_/,

tVhichgraphrepresents
Charles'law for a fixed massof a gas?

I8/20r41

initial rateof reactionbetweenP and O at differentconcentrations

is given in the tablebelow
lPlmoldm-3
Initialrateof reaction/ mol dm-3s-l
lQl / mol dm-3
r
x
2r
4x
v
l6x
8r
2y
Whatis the initial rateof reacAn in termsof r if the
ofP andQ is 4x and3y r
A.2r
l2r
D. 48r
(9 6'

k [?]

vqts:

let20t4l
n

tcx

Z:. Whichstatement
aboutthe collisiontheoryis true?
ry\{
n=1.
A. A catalystlowersthe activationenergyof a reactiol
An activated
complexis formedwhenmoleculeydollide
r=k
lia
of collisionis proportional
to t/dconcentration
andproducts
of reactants
lThe frequency
pzur es.
l s l o n involvesreactants
witfi cenatn
wufl
reactants
minimumenergy
energyandthecorTect
conectorrentallon
o
ofparticl
@ An effectivecollision
/ certainmlnlmum

^i!

+ O ) R + Sisshownbelow
24. ThekineticdataforreactionP
Experiment
[P]/molOt-r $J
[Q] /moldm-3
I
0.5
0.4
2
I
0.8
I
t.6

DT

Whatis theratelaw for the reaction?

A. Rate= klPl2
nut.=ktel'

i)
V

C. Rate= klPllQl'

ll0/20r41
rr

Ksq

ht'

..{te.-t

{**t ( 3:)

v
L

l2/20r5l
Initial rate/ mol dm-3s-l
1.2x l0-'
4.8x l0''
1.92x l0-'
D. Rate= k[P]

25. TheMaxwelldistributioncurvesfor a gaseous

mixturereactionunderdifferentconditions
areshownbelow.

5l
lr 3/20r

Numberof
pa.rticles
rvitlr
energyf

!ftrat conclusioncanbe madefrom the curves?

dissociation.
QJfh. productundergoes
B. Theconcentrations
ofthe reactants
increase.

C. An additionof a catalystto the reactionmixture.

fn. pressureof the re'actionmixtureincreases.

I onlv is correcl

B
I and2 only arccorrect

D
t2 ard 3 arecot ct

C
2 urd 3 only arecorrect

D,uThegraphbelowshowsthe variationof energyagainstextentof reactionfor the reversiblereaction:2A + 2B

=.*

\-/
thereaction?
Whichof thefollowingarecorrectregarding

AzBz

149/20001

by theimouni of E1- \1/

l. Thereactionis exoihermic
2. CurveIl refersto theenergyprofile for the catalysedreaction.t/
uncatalysed
reaction,isEz-!1. './
energyfor thereverse,
3. Theactivation
by thefollowingprocess.
{ 27.j SO3is produced
\-/
2Sor(g) AH=-t90u
2SozG)+02(g) =-.percentage
by curveI in the graphbelow.
of SO2remainingwith time is represented
1, The variationof the

k\+

l(n

Pcrctnarte of
Sq tcmlining

[5r/2000]

Which of thefollowingstatements
aretrue f/gwdingthd graphabove?
l. CurveII represents
the resultsobtained,&hen
a catalystis addedto theaboveprocess.
2. CurveIII represents
the resultsobtaild whenthe processis caniedout at a highertemperature.
3. CurvelV represents
the resultsdbt/rnedwhenargongasis addedto theaboveprocess.
{

28.In a chemicalreaction,a catalyst

Dr.

reaction
bythesamefactor./
increases
therateofthe forwardreactionandthe rategf therevcrse
rJ 2. decreases
theactivationenerry.J
,/
J . aflectstheenthalpyofreaction.
*
,/
\-/
thefollowingsteps.
29. The reactionbetweenthe X(ll
iodideion andthcperoxodisulphate(Vl
2* (aq) + (aq)
StepI
2X3t(aq)+ 2l'(
12
(aq) ) 2Xr* (aq)+ 2SO42-(aq)
+
2X2'1aq1
reaction?
Whichof
ng statements
arecorrect
3. Heterogeneous
l . T h eX ( l l ) i
the intermediate.
2. TheX(

ion follows the following steps.

[ :0. fne reactionbetweenthe X(lll) ion, iodideion andthe peroxodisulphate(Vl)
ZX'* (aq)+ 2l- (aq) ) 2X2*(aq)+ 12(aq)
StepI
f \
zx" (aq)+ S2os2-(aq) ) 2X3*(aq)+ 2So42-(aq)
Step2
D
D
Whichof the following statements
arecorrectregardingthereaction?
l. TheX(ll) ion is theintermediate..,/
2. The X(lll) ion actsasa catalyst.
f.+'/--li{
gl s{*qu\
3. Heterogeneous
catalysisoccurs.X

*.\s+r*u*d

@
f.
2.
3.

platir;ynlpalladium/rodium
,n .uru,r,icconverters,
is usedto catalyse
theoxidationof sulphurdioy'deto sulphurtrioxide.
theoxidationof hydrocar/onsto carbondioxideandwater.
thereductionof theoyltllesof nitrogento nitrogenandoxygen.

I42t200tl

I47t200tl

s#
147D0031

32. The reactionof iodinewith propanone

of hydrogen
solutionis acidcatalysed.It is firstorderwith respect
to theconcentration
ionsandtheconcentration
ofpropanone.phich statement(s)
is/aretrue?
't
l. Theunitof theratecffiis
dm3mr "min't.y
" " ' z t/
/. /
2. Therateof reactionat pH l is tenl
fasterthanthatat oH 2. y'
3. The rate-determining
stepi
of iodinewith propanone.
l42t20t0l

for a reaction
is 6.93ylO-3| Whichstatement(s)
aboutthe reactionis/aretrue?
D i3fh: r?le.::n^stanj
half-lifefor the.reaction
is t$^i V
b 2:ii;;rate;il*.reJ;;i;;.d;l-0;;rfrr-t
I lh.
. ./. _ when concentration
of thereactant
is 0.t mol am''./
su
the
3. The activationenergyof the reactionit fow.

[44/20tr1

?-

lr(
34. Th:; rateequationfor the reactionbetweenX andY is asfollows:
Rate= tJxl Jv12
r.,,.hen0.20m
o fogl a s X a n d 0 . l 0 m ool f g a s y a r e m i y d i n a 2 . 0 d m 3 v e s s e l a t 3 0 0 o c , t h e i rnai t ieai ls 3 . 2 x l O a m o l d m - 3 s - r . w h i c h o f t h e
is/aretrueofthe reaction?
statement(s)
//
valueof k at 300oCis 0.16
| . The numerical
/
a
2. Theunitofkisdm6mol-2s'ry
l' .
-"
/
,
?
V
=
n
R
v
"
1
t44l20l2l
3. The rateof reactionis eighttimesslowerjr/a 4.0dnrr vesselr/
35. The table

helnw

shnws the

Gas
P

at constantvolumefor threegasesP, Q andR.

with temoerature
Pressure/atm
at 450K
at 400K
at 350K
at 300K
1.50 J-ar*
r
.
3
3
/
l
.
l
7
t.00
2.32x
2.10
I
1
.
5
r.00
/
2.93X
2.35
1.87
t.00 /

R
Whichgasesshow deviationt'romthe ideal
2.O
l. P

L- nR
T-V

144t20061

T1andT2areshownbelow.
curvesat temperatures
The Bolzmanndistribution
Ot6
Fnction of
moleculca

.FrtenlperatureTt,

l. the activationenerg/is lower

/
i
/
havelowerenergy/
2. moremolecules
/
/
v
3. the total numberof moleculesremainscony'ant.
\-/
SectionB: Answerall thequestions.
to scale.
l. (a) The phasediagramofwatergivenbelowis drawnnot according
kPir
Ilrcssurel
2.2x l0{

?73.r 6
/ ./
erstand
by 1ffepointsO r

i$,.kwrySrg..eS

051

tofrf+-

*M

,ffir l

,r&r**twtlk

Explainthisstatement. /
poi"=tKr.or"..lowerat higherpressure.
(iii) An atypicalproperty
ot*o:,Ji Lbtfuiltsrreezi,,'g

lxw+!g?r F *fs/-fhol sutidv$AXl fs;tT {o**p lp* eS*{ *srS,-ffi!

ilrl

'b,abitt?[

lowe-f ,

r{4s9-

-Kd5

L^

plP

K&(
+

,y

.q aas

.K' v\ Qtk
-J', ,,4

\'

o
ont
to

'ad\

.*r4KVll.!4

, {oorr"ol dfudionatd rep,&siott'

d*t nqr^tr*
yp.lv.rn-a.
...gd..d*t..ny1^tr*
itV.
npP.ty.l*
r.fi.r:t,d
" " " ; ^ ; "" " " " ' z ' \ " " " " " " " " " ' " f " " " " "

P...'.v..H...il-Hl.'l;1.'.::;....-.y.'.Y..'.::;....;t::...:.';-.:f..'.lY,y.L:::-

(b) Woul8you expectthelasYnthe canisterto behave* u" idy(e4? Explainyour answer.

"11.e
ms tn {he ranisfur r^rill1oq Vhqv|-'6 a,n'dr.lqashqrrce
//-

laai.Qosrrrdaale
Wn
{onml,Wd.
""""""r"""'

fvedl nobcub Aolds

- aduc,d
Yr.
A0nqt
.&:de.:
/n!e,.r. t^.P.
4.fllg
fiXob
Wqvfi.,
W
(e) A canisterwasconnected
to a gassyringeandthevalveopenedslightlyto allowsomeofthe
thegastook up a volumeof 96.0cm' at a temperature
of 20.0oCanda pressure
of 1.02x I

lt*'

{hal sref
Usethe generalgasequationpV =

t
(f) Suggesta reasonasto why propaneis usedinsteadofbutanein gasstovesin cold climatesduringthe winter.

lU

b.rtanemu\erJe.
Forces.{.3gs$:.?t..kl*l
...?ptrg,.y.y.t9.9/y...19...nska..$*1..{.r*l.yf..qLfg*'9.!...b.

3. (a) The mechanism

for the reactionbetweennitrogenmonoxideandoxygento form nitrogendioxide it ;;;;;;;K.'
2,tys j*.v-o-

SteF

:1.(Fe$t,

l-_r

r\ru(),

+. a-n"

o"

, ?hr()r

st,a 2 (Sloztt)

wherek1, k-1 andk2arerateconstantsfor the reactions.

Write the equationfor theoverallreactionandd?rivetG,rateequationfor thereactionbetweenNO andOz. [6]

)N 0 + or -t eNOr

(b)rhekineticsortne,eaJon'
;1.i66 ; ;;;@ ;

;Nil;Gj ;ii:-;

u ;;i;';;;;;;;il;;;;;;

with respectto [Br2].The reactionhasan activgtfo{energyof 5.6 kf mol-r.

(i) Write the rateequationfor the reactionw(d stab the unitsof therateconstant[2]

'ffi

=[ilo]' [e;"j" ";

(ii) Sketchandlabela

;;'l
t

;;:;',+*+n,:;J;i' ;i nffi s4t

./

andfirst order

I1

tioqpathwaydiagramfor the reactionshowingall relevantenergychanges.[4]

hot'

,--_.

1& 19)

rN0&

"fli[Ti','r
ry)*r:
fu %.7,,
(c) The decomposition
of peroxyacetylnitrate(PAN) in

?
, If the half-life for the decomposition
is 3.2 minutes,

miA

///