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Contents:
Communication and Communication Systems/Engineering
Mode of Communication: Point-to-Point and Broadcasting
Channels for Communication: Wired/Line and Wireless/Radio
Electromagnetic (EM) Wave; An overview
EM Wave Generation
EM Wave Propagation (Ground, Sky and Space)
Satellite Communication: An overview
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Speaker
Voice
(Non-electrical form)
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Air as Channel
Listener
Voice
(Non-electrical form)
Noise
Information
Source
Electrical/Non-electrical
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Channel
Information
Sink
Electrical/Non-electrical
Information
source
Transmitter
(Tx)
Noise
Channel
Receiver
(Rx)
Information
sink
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Tx
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Channel
Rx
Rx-1
Tx
Channel
Rx-2
Rx-n
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Type of Channel:
Wired/Line (Telephone Line) and
Wireless/Radio (Mobile Phone)
Channel
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Satellite Communication
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Satellite Communication
Two Stations on Earth want to communicate through radio broadcast but are too
far away to use conventional means..?
The two stations can use a relay station somewhere in the orbit for their
communication
One Earth Station sends a transmission to this relay satellite. This is called a
Uplink.
The relay station receive the signal from the earth station and sends it down to the
second earth station. This is called a Downlink.
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Earth Station = Satellite Communication Station (air, ground or sea, fixed or mobile).
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Types of Satellites
According to Satellite Orbits
Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) Satellites
Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) Satellites
Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Satellites
According to Frequency Bands
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Advantage of MEO
A MEO satellites longer duration of visibility and wider footprint means fewer satellites are
needed in a MEO network than a LEO network.
Disadvantage of MEO
A MEO satellites distance gives it a longer time delay and weaker signal than a LEO
satellite, though not as bad as a GEO satellite.
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GEO
36,000 km
MEO
5,000 15,000 km
LEO
500 -1000 km
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Syllabus Contents:
AT 77.15 Satellite Communication 3(3-0)
Introduction to Satellite Communications; Orbital Aspects of Earth Satellites; Satellite Link
Design; Propagation on Satellite-Earth Paths and Its Influence on Link Design; Modulation,
Multiplexing and Multiple Access Techniques in Satellite Communications; Satellite
Networking ; Spacecraft and Earth Station Technology; Types of Satellite Networks;
Performance and Reliability of Satellite Communications.
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Detailed Description:
I
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9. Intermodulation Interference
10. Design of Satellite Links for Specified Carrier-to-Noise plus Interference Ratio
11. Digital Satellite Link
IV Propagation on Satellite-Earth Paths and Its Influence on Link Design
1. Absorbitive Attenuation Noise by Atmospheric Gases
2. Rain Attenuation, Noise due to Rain, Rain Depolarization
3. Tropospheric Multipath and Scintillation Effects
V Modulation, Multiplexing and Multiple Access Techniques in Satellite Communications
1. Classification of Different Analog and Digital Modulation Schemes as Used in Satellite
Communications and their Performance
2. Band-Limited Nonlinear Satellite Channel
3. Digital Modulation with Error-Correction Coding
4. Different Multiple and Multiple Access Techniques as Used in Satellite Communication
VI Satellite Networking
1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Multibeam Satellites
2. Interconnection by Transponder Hopping
3. Interconnection by On-board Switching
4. Interconnection by Beam Scanning
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5. On-Board Processing
6. Intersatellite Links
VII Spacecraft and Earth Station Technology
1. Spacecraft Subsystems, Description of Communication Subsystems
2. Types of Earth Stations and Design
3. Types of Antennas in Satellite Communications
4. Small Earth Station Antennas
VIII Types of Satellite Networks
1. Fixed Point Satellite Network, INTELSAT
2. Mobile Satellite Network, INMARSAT
3. Low Earth Orbit and Medium Earth Orbit Satellite Systems
4. Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) Network
5. Direct Broadcast Satellite Systems
IX Performance and Reliability of Satellite Communications
1. General Comments on Satellite Communication System Performance
2. Satellite System Reliability
3. Satellite System Availability
4. Sub-systems Reliability
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Questions
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