Supply Specification Case Hardening Steels: Mercedes-Benz DBL 4027

Mercedes-Benz
DBL 4027
Company Standard
Date published: 2012-10

Supersedes: DBL 4027: 2009-07
Total no. of pages (incl. Annex): 34
Person in Charge: Dr. Clemens Franz
Plant: 010; Dept.: PWT/VWO
Phone: +49 711/17-57980
Date of translation: 2013-01
Supply Specification
Case Hardening Steels
Foreword
This Supply Specification specifies the material supply conditions for case hardening steels (input stock,
semi-finished products and ready-to-install parts).
Preamble:
Implementation of the valid version of this Standard is binding for new vehicle projects or components for
which no concept/basic specifications or component requirement specifications have been approved yet at
the date of issue.
Implementation of this Standard for the supplier is effected by reference in the relevant contractual
agreement.
Changes
In comparison with edition 2009-07, the following changes have been made:
Adaptation to new template
More precise indication of material 20CrMo5 mod.
Inclusion of material 20CrMo5
More precise definition of microalloy
Definition degree of purity
PV.10, PV.11, PV.13, PV.15 set to "not for new design"
Materials 15Cr3, 28Cr4, 17CrNi6, 20NiMoCr6 set to "not for new design"
Phosphorus content adjusted to current DIN EN 10084
NOTE: This translation is for information purposes only.

The German version shall prevail above all others.
Copyright Daimler AG 2012
Uncontrolled copy when printed
: Raphael Castro, 2016-05-30
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 2
Contents
1
Scope ............................................................................................................................................... 3
2
Normative references ....................................................................................................................... 4
3
Terms and definitions ....................................................................................................................... 5
4
General requirements ....................................................................................................................... 5
5
Abbreviated material designation for documentation ....................................................................... 5
6
General properties of the materials, raw materials and supply condition ........................................ 6
6.1
Manufacturing process ..................................................................................................................... 6
6.2
Chemical composition ...................................................................................................................... 6
6.3
Hardenability..................................................................................................................................... 8
6.4
Degree of purity ................................................................................................................................ 8
6.5
Internal soundness ........................................................................................................................... 8
6.6
Grain size ......................................................................................................................................... 9
7
Dimensions and tolerances / Form of supply ................................................................................... 9
7.1
Parts ................................................................................................................................................. 9
7.2
Structure/heat treatment ................................................................................................................... 9
7.3
Input stock ...................................................................................................................................... 10
8
Technical data ................................................................................................................................ 12
9
Tests ............................................................................................................................................... 12
9.1
Test methods .................................................................................................................................. 12
9.2
Surface defects test ........................................................................................................................ 13
10
Duties of the supplier ...................................................................................................................... 13
10.1
Suppliers of input stock + and semi-finished products ................................................................... 13
10.2
Part suppliers.................................................................................................................................. 14
11
Samples .......................................................................................................................................... 14
Annex A (normative) Material specification 20MoCr4 (1.7321).................................................................. 15
A.1
Chemical analysis........................................................................................................................... 15
A.2
Hardenability................................................................................................................................... 15
Annex B (normative) Material specification 25MoCr4 (1.7325).................................................................. 17
B.1
B.2
Hardenability................................................................................................................................... 17
Annex C (normative) Material specification 20CrMo5 mod. (1.7264 mod.) ............................................... 19
C.1
C.2
Hardenability................................................................................................................................... 19
C.3
Steel bars ....................................................................................................................................... 21
C.4
Purchased parts ............................................................................................................................. 22
C.5
Approval of steel mills..................................................................................................................... 24
C.6
Quality assurance measures forge................................................................................................. 25
Annex D (normative) Material specification 20CrMo5 (1.7264) ................................................................. 26
D.1
D.2
Hardenability................................................................................................................................... 26
Annex E (normative) Material specification 23MnCrMo5 ........................................................................... 28
E.1
E.2
Hardenability................................................................................................................................... 28
Annex F (normative) Material specification 16MnCr5 (1.7131) .................................................................. 30
F.1
F.2
Hardenability................................................................................................................................... 30
Annex G (normative) Material specification 20MnCr5 (1.7147) ................................................................. 32
G.1
G.2
Hardenability................................................................................................................................... 32
Annex H (informative) .................................................................................................................................. 34
Product versions not for new design ........................................................................................................... 34
Materials not for new design........................................................................................................................ 34
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 3
Scope
This DBL applies to all case hardening steels. Materials conforming to this DBL are used for parts whose
material properties are changed as a result of case hardening and which are produced by drop forging,
extrusion or machining.
The relevant DIN and EN standards form the basis of this DBL; only those points are mentioned in this
DBL which are stated more precisely, or are more restricted compared with the cited standards, or which
deviate from the specifications contained in them. The specifications of this DBL have precedence over
any indications contained in DIN and EN standards.
Table 1 Product versions, overview

The product versions for input stock supplies directly to plants of Daimler AG are determined by the
receiving plant through the production planning and materials engineering departments. The product
versions are only entered in the approvals.
Product version
.00
Rolled condition : As-rolled surface.

Drawn condition: DIN EN 10277 or 10263, unless otherwise specified in this DBL.
Sheets, plates or tubes in accordance with relevant DIN specification
.01
Only for rolled condition: scale-free, smooth-as-rolled surface, suitable in particular

for forming difficult parts. Blast descaling or pickling permitted. Descaling shall not
result in surface hardening.
.03
Turned as rolled condition: for details, refer to 7.3.3
.05
Surface condition for cold extrusion: for details, refer to 7.3.3.3
.20
Material 25MoCr4, 20MnCr5 with increased hardenability for larger parts. Surface
as product version .00.
.21
Material as product version .20, but with surface as product version .01.
.23
.25
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 4
.30
Material 20CrMo5 and 20CrMo5 mod. low hardenability; for surface see product
version .00
.33
Material as product version .30; for surface see product version .03
.40
Material 20CrMo5 and 20CrMo5 mod. medium hardenability; for surface see
product version .00
.43
.50
Material 20CrMo5 and 20CrMo5 mod. high hardenability; for surface see product
version .00
.53
Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ASTM E 112
DIN EN 10058
DIN EN 10059
DIN EN 10060
DIN EN 10084
DIN EN 10204
DIN EN 10263 Parts 1 - 5
DIN EN 10277 Parts 1 - 5
DIN EN 10278
DIN EN 10079
DIN EN ISO 642
DIN EN ISO 643
DIN EN ISO 6506-2
DIN 50602:1985-09
DIN EN ISO 18265
DBL 4301
DBL 4531
DBL 8585
SEP 1664
Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size

Hot Rolled Flat Steel Bars for General Purposes
Hot Rolled Square Steel Bars for General Purposes
Hot Rolled Round Steel Bars
Case Hardening Steels
Metallic Products - Types of Inspection Documents
Steel Rod, Bars and Wire for Cold Heading and Cold Extrusion
Bright Steel Products
Dimensions and Tolerances of Bright Steel Products
Definition of Steel Products
Steel - Hardenability Test by End Quenching (Jominy Test)
Steels - Micrographic Determination of the Apparent Grain Size
Metallic Materials Brinell Hardness Test Part 2: Verification and
Calibration of Testing Machines
Microscopic Examination of Special Steels Using Standard Diagrams to
Assess the Content of Non-Metallic Inclusions
Metallic Materials Conversion of Hardness Values
Surface Crack Testing of Magnetizable Components Using the Magnetic
Particle Method
Drop Forgings and Extruded Parts Made from Case Hardening Steel
Negative Substance List for the Selection of Materials
Determination of Equations by Multiple Regression for the Calculation of
Hardenability in the Jominy End Quench Test on the Basis of the
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 5

SEP 1584
ISO 3763
VDA Volume 2
A0000053299:2007-08
Chemical Composition of Steels

Blue Brittleness Test for the Testing of Steels for Macroscopic Nonmetallic
Inclusions
Wrought Steels Macroscopic Methods for Assessing the Content of NonMetallic Inclusions
Quality Management in the Automotive Industry - Quality Assurance of
Supplies Supplier Selection, Quality Assurance Agreements, Production
Process and Product Approval, Quality Performance in Series Production,
Declaration of Constituents
Lastenheft Einsatzhrten (Requirement Specifications Case Hardening
Steel)
Terms and definitions
Not applicable.
General requirements
For safety requirements, homologation (in particular, exhaust emissions) and quality, the existing statutory
requirements and laws shall be complied with. In addition, the relevant requirements of the Daimler Group
apply.
All materials, procedures, processes, components, and systems shall conform to the current regulatory
(governmental) requirements regarding regulated substances and recyclability. DBL 8585 shall be
observed.
All suppliers supplying products manufactured from materials conforming to this DBL shall contact the
receiving plant before initial deliveries are made in order to apply for information on the use and further
processing of their products. As a rule, the materials and process engineering department or QA should
be contacted. If required, further specifications shall be agreed or specifications contained in this DBL
adapted to the process or component-specific requirements of the receiving plant. This applies, in
particular, to new combinations of steel mill, forge and item number.
Abbreviated material designation for documentation
e.g.:
Steel DIN EN 10084-1.7321 + DBL 4027.00

Steel 1.7325 +DBL4027.20
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 6
General properties of the materials, raw materials and supply condition
Unless specified otherwise in the material-specific annexes, the following shall apply:
6.1
Manufacturing process
6.1.1
Melting process
Electric arc furnace or BOF converter.
6.1.2
Casting process
Ingot casting or continuous casting. Where continuous casting processes are used, there shall be an at
least 6-fold deformation from the billet cross section to the rolled product (semi-finished material, steel
bars). The materials engineering department of the receiving plant may permit the supplier of the forged
parts to use an input stock with 4-fold degree of deformation, provided that a sufficient degree of forming
on the part is achieved by the forging process.
For parts where distortion is a critical parameter, the casting cross-section shall be agreed with the
receiving plant.
6.1.3
Deoxidation
All steels conforming to this DBL shall be killed.
6.2
Chemical composition
Unless otherwise specified, all indications on the chemical composition refer to the cast analysis. In the
case of dis56pute, the product analysis with the permissible deviations in accordance with DIN EN 10084
shall be used as referee method.
6.2.1
Input stock supplies and semi-finished products
The specifications according to Sections 6.2.3, 7, 8 and 9 shall apply to all part and input stock supplies
which are subjected to further manufacturing or heat treatment processes in the receiving plants.
6.2.2
Ready-to-install parts
For ready-to-install parts which are not subjected to further manufacturing or heat treatment processes in
the receiving plant, the specifications according to drawing, Sections 6.2.3, 7, 8 and 9 apply.
If ready-to-install parts are supplied in numbers which do not seem to justify the acceptance of a complete
smelting batch from the mill, delivery according to the relevant DIN specifications may be agreed with the
materials testing department of the receiving plant.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 7

6.2.3
Chemical composition of input stock supplies, semi-finished products and ready-to-install

parts
The following specifications apply in addition to the specifications listed in Sections 8 and 9:
Aluminum and nitrogen content as well as microalloying elements (e.g. Ti, Nb, V)
Fine-grain steels shall be supplied. For fine-grain casts, coordinated aluminum contents (0,02 0,05 %)
and nitrogen contents (0,009 0,017 %) at a ratio Al/N > 2,1 shall be set. The minimum values shall be
maintained at all times. The application of different or further-reaching additives for achieving fine grain
shall be subject to the agreement of the materials engineering department of the receiving plant. If
microalloying elements such as titanium, niobium and vanadium are added, care shall be taken to ensure
that the nitrogen contents are increased accordingly in order to ensure the fine grain stability. In principle,
agreement with the materials engineering department of the receiving plant is required; the process route
steel mill, forge, item number and heat treatments shall be observed. Element contents of Ti > 50 ppm, Nb
> 80 ppm and V > 150 ppm resp. are considered microalloyed. In addition, following agreement with the
materials engineering department of the receiving plant, a maximum of 30 ppm boron may be added to
the alloy in special cases.
Sulfur content
All steels conforming to this DBL shall be supplied with a controlled sulfur content of 0,020 to 0,035 %. In
particular, adherence to the lower tolerance limit shall be ensured. The upper tolerance limit may be
exceeded by up to 0,04 %.
Depending on the individual application, a further reduction of the sulfur content may be necessary. This is
possible following agreement with the receiving plant.
Chromium content
The chromium content for unalloyed steels shall be 0,10 0,20 %.
Trace elements
Trace elements, i.e. all elements which are not alloying elements or are required for the finish treatment of
the casts shall be limited to a minimum. The following restrictions shall apply:
Mo
0,10 %
Sn
0,03 %
Ni
0,25 %
Sb
0,006 %
Cr =
0,10 - 0,20 %
As
10*Sb
Cu
0,25 %
Cu + 10*Sn 0,50%
Special treatments
Special cast treatments, e.g. for improving the machinability, are subject to the approval of the materials
engineering department of the receiving plant.
Restrictions of the chemical analysis
Depending on component and process-specific conditions, restrictions and deviations may become
necessary. These shall be specified by the receiving plants as part of their own responsibility towards the
supplier.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 8
6.3
Hardenability
The hardenability can be determined by suitable calculation according to the set of equations of SEP 1664
applicable in each case. If other sets of equations are used, the steel mill shall provide evidence by means
of an end quench test in accordance with DIN EN ISO 642 that the calculation is sufficiently precise. In the
case of dispute, the hardenability test by end quenching in accordance with DIN EN ISO 642 shall apply
as referee method, however. Sampling from ingot/continuous casting is not permissible. The scatter bands
in accordance with DIN EN 10084 shall apply. For deviations, refer to annexed material specifications.
6.4
Degree of purity
The following limit values of the degree of purity shall be maintained with regard to microscopic and
macroscopic inclusions:
Microscopic degree of purity
Determination in accordance with DIN 50602:1985-09, method K, total index oxides

Limit values:
K4 = 40 for d >140 to 200 mm
K4 = 35 for d > 100 to 140 mm
K4 = 25 for d > 70 to = 100mm
K4 = 20 for d > 35 to = 70mm
K3 = 30 for d > 17 to = 35mm;
K3 = 20 for d > 10 to = 17mm
Macroscopic degree of purity
Determination by blue brittleness test in accordance with SEP 1584, method C

Limit value: 5 mm / cm2, maximum rating 5
Determination alternatively using the step machined test method in accordance with ISO 3763.
Limit values: maximum number and total length per 100cm2: 4 / 12mm; maximum individual length 5mm
Other alternative methods (e.g. ultrasonic immersion testing method) are permissible provided that
adherence to the limit value is ensured. The supplier shall have alternative methods approved by the
receiving plant.
Macro slags, flakes, porosities, shrinkage cavities and cracks are not permissible. To ensure freedom from
such irregularities suitable test methods (surface crack test, eddy current test, ultrasonic test etc.) shall be
used. Irregularities whose properties impair the processing or utilization characteristics more than
insignificantly give cause for complaints or rejection of the melt and the parts manufactured from the melt.
To ensure freedom from such irregularities, a standard inspection according to the state of the art using
standardized or validated methods shall be carried out. Counter checks offering an adequate test severity
by means of reference and practical samples shall be conducted.
6.5
Internal soundness
Refer to DIN EN 10084.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 9
6.6
Grain size
All steels according to this DBL shall have the austenitic grain size 5 determined in accordance with DIN
EN ISO 643, or finer. For deviations, refer to the annexed material-specific specifications.
Unless otherwise specified, the following procedure applies for checking the steels for their fine grain
stability:
I. Heating to 1160C
II. Holding time 30 minutes
III. Cooling in air
IV. Reheating to 930 + 10 C
V. Holding time 4 hours
VI. Cooling in water
VII. Tempering at 180 C
VIII. Holding time 30 minutes
IX. Cooling in air
The grain size shall be determined metallographically.
Dimensions and tolerances / Form of supply
7.1
Parts
General instructions
For ready-to-install parts and semi-finished products, the relevant indications on the drawing and on the
order as well as DBL 4531 shall apply.
Strength
Refer to specifications on drawing and order.
For guideline values, refer to DIN EN 10084 and DIN EN 10277. Special strength values shall be
determined on a component basis.
7.2
Structure/heat treatment
7.2.1
Blanks
Refer to DBL 4531
7.2.2
Finished parts
According to specifications on drawing. Parts supplied in case hardened condition shall have a uniform
and fine martensitic structure. The grain size determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 643 shall be 5 or
finer. Ferrite and bainite are not acceptable in the carburized zone. A closed cementite network is not
acceptable either. In specific cases, special limit values shall be agreed with the materials engineering
department of the relevant receiving plant. Also refer to Lastenheft Einsatzhrten (Requirement
Specifications Case Hardening Steel) A0000053299:2007-08.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 10
7.3
Input stock
Input stock as defined in these specifications includes steel products in accordance with DIN EN 10079 in
the product forms semi-finished products, flat products and long products. In general, the relevant product
standards shall apply. For the products rolled steel bars, semi-finished products and bright steel, the
special requirements are indicated in the following sections.
The specifications for the as-supplied state for the input stock refer to supplies to plants of Daimler AG.
7.3.1
Batch separation and batch supply
Within one delivery, the products shall be separated according to batches and be capable of being
assigned uniquely to one batch.
Supplies shall always be made on a batch basis. This means that a batch must have been delivered in its
entirety before a new batch is supplied. Deviations from this stipulation are only permitted in exceptional
cases after previous agreement with the receiving plant.
7.3.2
Dimensions and tolerances
The dimensions and supplied lengths of the bars will be determined by the receiving plant and indicated
on the order. Unless otherwise indicated on the order, the following tolerances shall apply:
Hot-rolled steel bars
Refer to DIN EN 10058, DIN EN 10059 and DIN EN 10060. Any tolerances deviating from these
standards shall be indicated when ordering. Further details shall be agreed with the relevant receiving
plant.
Semi-finished products
The edge radius shall be consistent within a single batch and shall not have a negative influence on cold
shearing with constant weight. Further details shall be agreed with the relevant receiving plant.
Bright steel
Refer to DIN EN 10278.
Turned as rolled steel bars
As agreed with the receiving plant
Short lengths
Short lengths shall be avoided wherever possible and consequently reduced to a minimum. Short lengths,
if any, shall always be bundled separately. Individual bars with short lengths shall not be bundled together
with the standard lengths.
Rolled steel bars and semi-finished products shall be supplied in standard lengths produced. The
maximum ratio of short lengths shall not exceed 10 % for any delivery.
For bright steel, the ratio of short lengths shall be agreed between the supplier and the receiving plant as
early as the offer phase. A "tacit" acceptance of short length ratios is not permissible.
7.3.3
Surface
7.3.3.1 As-rolled condition

General requirements
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 11

Scale-free, smooth-as-rolled surface by straightening. Blast cleaning is permitted / may be required if the
surface resulting from straightening is not appropriate to this process and consequently leads to process
disturbances. Problem-free surfaces from previous deliveries and corresponding surfaces from
competitors shall serve as reference samples.
The surfaces shall be free of oily, greasy, emulsive or other coatings interfering with the manufacturing
process from storing to forging.
Surface defects
During the whole manufacturing process all required actions shall be taken to avoid any surface defects.
Each delivery shall be inspected for surface defects using suitable inspection methods. The inspection
methods shall be capable of detecting surface defects with a depth of > 0,3 mm up to 60 mm diameter and
from 60 mm diameter with a defect depth > 0,005 x nominal diameter dN. Larger defect depths are not
permitted. Component or process-specific special rules shall be agreed with the receiving plant.
Imperfections may be removed using suitable means, whereby the stock removal shall not result in
thickness deviations below the permitted values. This rework shall not result in any sharp-edged
transitions or notches or any other effects detrimental to the surface which would damage the part during
further processing by means of cold shearing, forging and heat treatment.
Express reference is made to the requirement that such rework shall not result in any problems in the
manufacture of weight-constant short products by cold shearing.
7.3.3.2 Drawn or turned condition
DIN EN 10277 shall apply, but with the following restrictions:
The surface of the bars supplied shall not display any closed lap cracks or flakes. Any draw marks shall be
within the dimensional tolerance. This specification shall also apply to turned bars. In addition, turned bars
shall not demonstrate any defects resulting from the as-rolled surface. The end of the bars shall not
demonstrate any hardening due to the cutting to length process.
The following restriction applies to deviations from the contour shape of the bar ends:
No burrs are permitted.
From 8 mm bar diameter the length of the deviation due to crushing shall be no more than 8 mm, and for
smaller bar diameters no more than the bar diameter.
7.3.3.3 Product versions for cold extrusion
Finish, dimensional tolerances, heat treatment and lubricant shall be agreed with the relevant receiving
plant.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 12

7.3.4
Indications for the as-supplied state
In addition to the product version, the heat treatment condition or a combination of treatment conditions
may be indicated in the order. The sequence of the designations is also indicative of the sequence in
which the treatments shall be performed. The following numbers indicate the strength values to be
achieved.
7.3.5
Strength
In accordance with specifications on drawing and in order.
7.3.6
Structure/heat treatment
Unless specified otherwise in the order, DIN EN 10084 applies.
7.3.7
Skin decarburization
Rolled material: total decarburization is not permitted, partial decarburization max. 0,7 % of diameter.
Technical data
Also refer to Sections 2 and 6 and normative Annexes A G.

20MoCr4
25MoCr4
20CrMo5 mod.
20CrMo5
23MnCrMo5
16MnCr5
20MnCr5
1.7321
1.7325
1.7264 mod.
1.7264
1.7131
1.7147
Annex A
Annex B
Annex C
Annex D
Annex E
Annex F
Annex G
Page
Page
Page
Page
Page
Page
Page
15
17
19
26
28
30
32
Further specification within the limits of DBL 6047 is permitted by means of forging and material
identification cards.
Tests
9.1
Test methods
9.1.1
Crack testing
9.1.1.1 As-rolled condition

The manufacturer shall take suitable action during production and in-process inspections to ensure that
the finish specified in Section 7.3.3 is reliably achieved. This applies, in particular, to any reworked
material.
Any residual magnetism occurring in the tested material shall not exceed 4 A/cm at the pole ends. No
excessive hardening shall be caused by the crack test.
9.1.1.2 Drawn or turned condition
If "crack test quality or a maximum flaw depth is specified on the order, 100 % crack testing according to
the state of the art shall be performed using a standardized or validated method. The depth of any flaws
still existing shall be smaller than the detection limit of the test method. This applies, in particular, to any
reworked material.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 13

Any residual magnetism occurring in the tested material shall not exceed 4 A/cm at the pole ends. No
excessive hardening shall be caused by the crack test.
9.1.1.3 Blanks and finished parts
Blanks and ready-to-install parts shall be free of disturbing surface defects. Limit samples may be agreed
with the materials testing department of the relevant receiving plant. A magnetic particle crack test shall be
performed in accordance with the specifications on the drawing. DBL 4301 shall apply with regard to its
execution. Any residual magnetism occurring in the tested material shall not exceed 4 A/cm at the pole
ends. No excessive hardening shall be caused by the crack test.
9.1.2
Ultrasonic inspection
A standard ultrasonic inspection with CDR 2 mm shall be carried out to ensure the products are free
from core defects. Counter checks offering an adequate test severity by means of reference and practical
samples shall be conducted.
9.1.3
Inspection for mixed-up materials
Before delivery, suitable measures shall be taken to ensure that no incorrect steel grades are included in
the delivery.
9.1.4
Hardness test
The supplier shall perform hardness tests to ensure that the strength values specified in Section 7.3.5 are
achieved. Conversion in accordance with DIN EN ISO 18265 is permitted. In the case of disputes, the
tensile test shall be used as referee method.
9.1.5
Hardenability test
The hardenability test shall be conducted on a batch basis. The hardenability can be determined by
suitable calculation according to the set of equations of SEP 1664 applicable in each case. If other sets of
equations are used, the steel mill shall provide evidence by means of an end quench test in accordance
with DIN EN ISO 642 that the calculation is sufficiently precise. In the case of disputes, the hardenability
test by end quenching in accordance with DIN EN ISO 642 shall be used as referee method, however.
Sampling from ingot/continuous casting is not permissible. The scatter bands in accordance with DIN EN
10084 shall apply. For deviations, refer to annexed material specifications.
9.2
Surface defects test
Blanks and ready-to-install parts shall be free of disturbing surface defects. Limit samples may be agreed
with the materials testing department of the relevant receiving plant.
A magnetic particle crack test shall be performed in accordance with the specifications on the drawing.
The tests shall be executed in accordance with DBL 4301. No excessive hardening shall be caused by the
crack test. The tested parts shall be demagnetized appropriately. Any residual magnetism shall not
exceed 4 A/cm.
10
Duties of the supplier
10.1
Suppliers of input stock + and semi-finished products
Refer to Purchase Conditions for Production Materials and Spare Parts for Motor Vehicles.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 14
10.2
Part suppliers
Refer to Purchase Conditions for Production Materials and Spare Parts for Motor Vehicles.
11
Samples
Input stock suppliers will be approved by the receiving plant for a defined process route after trial supplies.
The type and extent of the trial supplies shall be agreed between the supplier and the receiving plant. In
the event of changes to the process route, renewed initial sampling is required.
If material of a steel mill is used for initial sampling or after initial sample approval which has not yet been
used in this combination (steel mill-forging method-item number), the process for Production Process and
Product Approval (PPA) shall be scheduled by the supplier in agreement with the customer such that the
PPA can be carried out in time before the initial production deliveries.
In principle, the supplier shall contact the receiving plant before initial supply of a material grade and/or
dimension in order to apply for information about the processing conditions and the future requirements for
the part and in order to agree a corresponding variant and surface quality, if applicable.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 15
Annex A (normative)
Material specification 20MoCr4 (1.7321)
A.1 Chemical analysis
Also refer to Section 6.2.3
Element [% by
mass]
Version
00
01, 03, 05
0,18 0,22
Si
0,15 0,40
Mn
0,60 0,95
0,025
0,020 0,035
Cu
0,25
Cr
0,40 0,55
Mo
0,40 0,50
Ni
0,25
Al
0,02 0,05
0,009 0,017
Sn
0,03
Sb
0,006
As
10*Sb
Cu + 10*Sn
0,50
Al/N
> 2,1
Table A-1: Chemical analysis 20MoCr4.
A.2 Hardenability
Distance from end
of test piece [mm]
Version
00
01, 03, 05
[HRC]
1,5
43 49
40 48
36 44
31 41
11
26 34
15
23 30
20
20 27
Table A-2: Hardenability 20MoCr4.

DBL 4027:2012-10, page 16

20MoCr4
60
Hrte [HRC]
Hardness
[HRC]
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
DistanceStirnflchenabstand
from end of test piece[mm]
[mm]
Fig. A-1: Hardenability bands 20MoCr4.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 17
Annex B (normative)
Material specification 25MoCr4 (1.7325)
B.1
Chemical analysis

Element [% by
mass]
C
Si
Mn
P
S
Cu
Cr
Mo
Ni
Al
N
Sn
Sb
As
Cu + 10*Sn
Al/N
Version
00
20
01, 03, 05
21, 23, 25
0,19 0,23
0,15 0,40
0,75 0,95
0,025
0,020 0,035
0,25
0,65 1,00
0,40 0,45
0,25
0,02 0,05
0,009 0,017
0,03
0,006
10*Sb
0,50
> 2,1
Table B-1: Chemical analysis 25MoCr4.
B.2
Hardenability
Distance from end

of test piece [mm]
1,5
3
5
7
11
15
20
25
30
Version
00
01, 03, 05
20
21, 23, 25
[HRC]
42 47
41 46
39 45
36 43
31 38
28 35
26 32
24 30
22 29
[HRC]
44 49
44 49
42 48
40 46
36 42
33 39
30 36
28 34
27 33
Table B-2: Hardenability 25MoCr4.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 18

25MoCr4
60
Hardness [HRC]
50
40
PV 00
30
PV 20
20
10
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
Distance from end of test piece [mm]
Fig. B-1: Hardenability bands 25MoCr4.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 19
Annex C (normative)
Material specification 20CrMo5 mod. (1.7264 mod.)
C.1
Chemical analysis

Element [% by
mass]
Version
30
C
Si
Mn
P
S
Cu
Cr
Mo
Ni
Al
Sn
Ti
Nb
V
N
B
Sb
As
Cu + 10*Sn
Al/N
Table C-1:
C.2
40
0,17 0,23
0,10 0,25
1,00 1,25
0,025
0,015 0,025
0,25
0,90 1,25
0,18 0,24
0,25
0,02 0,04
0,03
0,01 *)
0,025 0,040
0,02 *)
0,011 0,017
0,0005
0,006
10*Sb
0,50
> 2,1
50
Chemical analysis 20CrMo5 mod.

*) higher contents of microalloying elements Ti and V subject to agreement
the elements listed in the table shall be documented in the inspection report.
Hardenability
Distance from end

of test piece [mm]
1,5
3
5
7
11
15
20
25
30
Table C-2:
30
[HRC]
43 49
40 48
36 44
31 41
26 34
23 30
20 27
Version
40
[HRC]
42 48
41 47
39 46
37 44
33 39
30 36
27 33
25 31
23 29
50
[HRC]
43 49
43 49
42 48
40 46
36 42
33 39
30 36
28 34
27 33
Hardenability values 20CrMo5 mod.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 20

20CrMo5 mod.
60
50
Hardness [HRC]
40
PV 30
30
PV 40
PV 50
20
10
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
Fig. C-1: Hardenability bands 20CrMo5 mod.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 21
C.3
Steel bars
Property
Specifications, target values and tolerances
Test
Documentation
Chemical composition of
the cast analysis in % by
mass
see Table C-1
Spectral analysis; with regard to limit deviations of

the product analysis, DIN EN 10084 applies
Hardenability acc. to
Jominy
see Table C-2 and Figure C-1
End quench test acc. to DIN EN ISO 642, Inspection report

austenitizing temperature: 910C, calculation only
following agreement with the end user and
evidence of capability.
Heat treatment
For shearability depending on strength specifications
DIN EN ISO 6506-2 HB 10/3000
FP annealing
FP annealing parameters shall be suitable for

material; agreement with customer required
Fine grain stability
The bar material supplied to the forge shall

demonstrate fine grain stability. The bar cross-section
shall be taken into consideration in this respect.
see Table C-4

1 verification for each cast
Structure
In FP-annealed condition, bainite and martensite are Metallographic examinations

not permitted. The ferrite-pearlite banding shall be
appropriate for the intended use and agreed.
Reference samples
One bar section from each cast shall be retained for

12 months which may be stretched for the Jominy
test.
Other delivery conditions
In accordance with DBL 4027
Table C-3: Material specifications, minimum scope of testing and documentation for steel bars
Inspection report
Inspection report
Inspection report
Documentation
of
product and process
control results
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 22
C.4
Purchased parts
Property
Test
Documentation
Hot forming
Conventional heating > 1200C

inductive heating >1240C
Thorough heating shall be ensured.
Continuous measurement
Process control
computer or control
chart
Austenitic grain size in assupplied condition:

steel bars
forging,
cold extrusion part
finished part
The permissible grain size index of the austenitic grain

corresponds to size 5 and finer according to DIN EN
ISO 643. Quantity and grain size index of the grains
coarser than G = 5 are only permissible up to 10%,
austenitic grains of grain size index G = 3 and coarser
are not permitted.
With regard to the required grain stability with
corresponding carburization temperatures and times it
is necessary to maintain the process routes once they
have been proven appropriate. Process route
changes must first be cleared which shall be agreed
with the end user.
Analysis of grain size distribution:

Quench grain size determination after austenitizing
at 980C, 4h holding time, with a heating-up period
of t5/8 = 60 min, cooling in water, then stress
relieving at 180-200C 2 h for picric acid etching or
200-250C 2h in air for grain boundary oxidation.
Metallographic evaluation with at least 3 images in
accordance with DIN EN ISO 643 or at least 1000
grains according to ASTM E 112. In case of
dispute, a reference treatment in analogy with
DIN EN ISO 643 at 1200C 40 min/highperformance oil shall be performed.
Documentation of
product and process
control results and
documentation for
end users
Information on process
routes
The precipitation formation, distribution and size which

need to be appropriate for the case hardening
conditions (carburization temperature and time) shall
be taken into consideration, as well as an appropriate
part strength to ensure soft processability. The heat
treatments, in particular the FP annealing parameters,
shall be suitable for the complete process route
including case hardening. The process parameters
shall be discussed with the end user and
documented during initial sampling.
Documentation of the
process route
information in a list
and in the initial
sample inspection
report.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 23
Process route 1
hot forming and
FP annealing
Bars which may have been heat treated for

shearability shall be heated inductively to >1240C
and forged, followed by FP annealing.
Hardness measurement/strength measurement at

defined test location, metallographic examination
Documentation of
product and process
control results
Process route 2
Hot forming with
targeted cooling
Bars which may have been heat treated for

shearability shall be heated inductively to >1240C
and forged. Targeted cooling to a temperature <
700C and corresponding holding time shall be
discussed with end user.

defined test location, metallographic examination
Documentation of
product and process
control results as well
as process route
according to
agreement
Process route 3
Cold extrusion and
recrystallization
FP-annealed bar stock shall be cold extruded,

followed by recrystallization annealing at temperatures defined test location, metallographic examination
700C with correspondingly long holding time (min. 2
h), as discussed with the end user. The precipitation
formation and part strength < 680 Mpa shall be taken
into consideration.
Process route 4
Semicold forming
(A3<T<1200C) and
FP annealing
This process route is not permissible for

microalloyed case hardening steels, as the
precipitations are not dissolved during heating for
forging, but only become coarser (Ostwald ripening).
The precipitations of the microalloying elements are
therefore no longer available for case hardening in the
required finely distributed condition.
Case hardened finished

parts, case hardening
Evidence shall be provided that no process

disturbances have occurred during case hardening.
Reworking is not allowed.
Process control performance indicators
Table C-4: Material specifications, minimum scope of testing and documentation for steel bars and purchased parts
Documentation of
product and process
control results as well
as process route
according to
agreement
Documentation of
product and process
control results
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 24
C.5
Approval of steel mills
Property
Approval of steel mill by

the materials and process
engineering department of
the end user
The steel mill shall submit evidence of its capability to produce steel
of adequate quality which is required for the process chain through
to case hardening.
The relevant quality evidence includes among others:
The permissible grain size index of the austenitic grain corresponds
to size 5 and finer according to DIN EN ISO 643. Quantity and grain
size index of the grains coarser than G = 5 are only permissible up
to 10%, austenitic grains of grain size index G = 3 and coarser are
not permitted. For test conditions, see Table C-4.
This applies to the following process routes:
Rolled product bar/billet
After process routes 1-3; i.e. forming and heat treatments have
to be passed first.
If a higher carburization temperature than 980C at 4h is to be used
by the end user, the test conditions of the quench austenitic grain
size shall also be adjusted at increased temperatures and reduced
holding time.
Table C-5: Approval of steel mills
Test
Also refer to Table C-4 and as agreed
Documentation
Also refer to Table
C-5 and as agreed
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 25
C.6
Quality assurance measures forge
Property
Containment of risk

Parts manufactured from raw material from a new, not yet tested and proven
steel mill shall - besides the conventional initial sampling - be initially guided in
significant numbers through the process chain of the receiving plant so that the
distortion behavior and other properties can be examined.
tested and proven, known steel mills which are within normal limits
untested or unknown steel mills

Until a successful manufacturing test has been completed, the production
delivery shall continue to be made from a cast of the "old-established" steel mill.
Parts from raw material from an untested steel mill shall be producible without
quality fluctuations for at least one year. The quality produced by the steel mill
shall correspond to the state of the art. Corresponding quality evidence shall be
submitted on request.
If quality problems occur in the receiving plant with regard to parts produced
from raw material from an unproven steel mill, this may result in the rejection of
the steel mill. In this case care shall be taken to ensure that steel from a tested
and proven steel mill is available at any time in sufficient quantities as back-up
solution.
Steel mills with regard to whose raw materials no quality problems exist in
series production in the receiving plant and in the plant of the customer, shall
be considered "tested and proven".
Table C-7: Quality assurance measures forge
Test
Documentation
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 26
Annex D (normative)
Material specification 20CrMo5 (1.7264)
D.1
Chemical analysis
Element [% by
mass]
Version
30
40
0,17 0,23
0,10 0,35
0,90 1,20
0,025
0,015 0,025
0,25
0,9 1,25
0,20 0,30
0,25
0,02 0,05
0,03
0,005
0,008
0,0150
0,009 0,017
0,003
C
Si
Mn
P
S
Cu
Cr
Mo
Ni
Al
Sn
Ti
Nb
V
N
B
Sb
As
Cu + 10*Sn
Al/N
Table D-1:
D.2
50
0,006
10*Sb
0,50
> 2,1
Chemical analysis 20CrMo5.
Hardenability
Distance from end

of test piece, mm
1,5
3
5
7
11
15
20
25
30
30
HRC
43 49
40 48
36 44
31 41
26 34
23 30
20 27
Version
40
HRC
42 48
41 47
39 46
37 44
33 39
30 36
27 33
25 31
23 29
50
HRC
43 49
43 49
42 48
40 46
36 42
33 39
30 36
28 34
27 33
Table D-2: Hardenability 20CrMo5.

DBL 4027:2012-10, page 27
20CrMo5
60
Hardness [HRC]
50
40
PV 30
30
PV 40
PV 50
20
10
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
Fig. D-1: Hardenability bands 20CrMo5.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 28
Annex E (normative)
Material specification 23MnCrMo5
E.1
Chemical analysis

Element [% by
mass]
Version
00
01, 03, 05
0,19 0,23
Si
0,40
Mn
1,10 1,40
0,025
0,020 0,035
Cu
0,25
Cr
1,00 1,40
Mo
0,06 0,30
Ni
0,25
Al
0,02 0,05
0,009 0,017
Sn
0,03
Sb
0,006
As
10*Sb
Cu + 10*Sn
0,50
Al/N
> 2,1
Table E-1: Chemical analysis 23MnCrMo5.
E.2
Hardenability
Distance from end

of test piece [mm]
Version
00
01, 03, 05
[HRC]
43 49
41 47
11
36 45
25
28 37
Table E-2: Hardenability 23MnCrMo5.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 29
23MnCrMo5
60
Hardness [HRC]
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
Fig. E-1: Hardenability scatter band 23MnCrMo5.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 30
Annex F (normative)
Material specification 16MnCr5 (1.7131)
F.1
Chemical analysis

Element [% by
mass]
Version
00
01, 03, 05
0,14 0,19
Si
0,40
Mn
1,00 1,30
0,025
0,020 0,035
Cu
0,25
Cr
0,80 1,10
Mo
0,10
Ni
0,25
Al
0,02 0,05
0,009 0,017
Sn
0,03
Sb
0,006
As
10*Sb
Cu + 10*Sn
0,50
Al/N
> 2,1
Table F-1: Chemical analysis 16MnCr5.
F.2
Hardenability
Distance from end

of test piece [mm]
Version
00
01, 03, 05
[HRC]
1,5
39 45
35 44
32 41
29 38
11
25 33
15
23 31
20
< 28
Table F-2: Hardenability 16MnCr5.

DBL 4027:2012-10, page 31
16MnCr5
60
Hardness [HRC]
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
Fig. F-1: Hardenability scatter band 16MnCr5.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 32
Annex G (normative)
Material specification 20MnCr5 (1.7147)
G.1
Chemical analysis

Element [% by
mass]
Version
00
01, 03, 05
0,17 0,22
Si
0,40
Mn
1,00 1,40
0,025
0,020 0,035
Cu
0,25
Cr
1,00 1,30
Mo
0,10
Ni
0,25
Al
0,02 0,05
0,009 0,017
Sn
0,03
Sb
0,006
As
10*Sb
Cu + 10*Sn
0,50
Al/N
> 2,1
Table G-1: Chemical analysis 20MnCr5.
G.2
Hardenability
Distance from end

of test piece [mm]
3
5
7
11
15
20
30
Version
00
01, 03, 05
20
21, 23, 25
[HRC]
41 47
39 46
35 43
32 38
29 35
26 32
21 27
[HRC]
42 48
40 45
38 44
35 41
33 39
31 37
27 34
Table G-2: Hardenability 20MnCr5.

DBL 4027:2012-10, page 33
20MnCr5
60
Hardness [HRC]
50
40
PV 00
30
PV 20
20
10
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
Fig. G-1: Hardenability scatter bands 20MnCr5.
DBL 4027:2012-10, page 34
Annex H (informative)
Product versions not for new design
Product version
.10*
Material 20NiMoCr6 with lower hardenability for smaller parts. Surface as product
version .00.
Not for new design
.11*
Not for new design
.13*
Not for new design
.15*
Not for new design
* Not for new design
Materials not for new design

15Cr3
28Cr4
17CrNi6
20NiMoCr6
1.7015
1.7030

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Supply Specification Case Hardening Steels: Mercedes-Benz DBL 4027

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Mercedes-Benz

Date published: 2012-10

Date of translation: 2013-01

Adaptation to new template

More precise indication of material 20CrMo5 mod.

Inclusion of material 20CrMo5

More precise definition of microalloy

Definition degree of purity

PV.10, PV.11, PV.13, PV.15 set to "not for new design"

Phosphorus content adjusted to current DIN EN 10084

NOTE: This translation is for information purposes only.

Copyright Daimler AG 2012

Uncontrolled copy when printed

: Raphael Castro, 2016-05-30

DBL 4027:2012-10, page 2

Copyright Daimler AG 2012

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DBL 4027:2012-10, page 3

Table 1 Product versions, overview

Rolled condition : As-rolled surface.

Only for rolled condition: scale-free, smooth-as-rolled surface, suitable in particular

Turned as rolled condition: for details, refer to 7.3.3

Surface condition for cold extrusion: for details, refer to 7.3.3.3

Copyright Daimler AG 2012

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: Raphael Castro, 2016-05-30

DBL 4027:2012-10, page 4

Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size

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: Raphael Castro, 2016-05-30

DBL 4027:2012-10, page 5

Chemical Composition of Steels

Terms and definitions

Abbreviated material designation for documentation

Steel DIN EN 10084-1.7321 + DBL 4027.00

Copyright Daimler AG 2012

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DBL 4027:2012-10, page 6

General properties of the materials, raw materials and supply condition

Electric arc furnace or BOF converter.

All steels conforming to this DBL shall be killed.

Input stock supplies and semi-finished products

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DBL 4027:2012-10, page 7

Chemical composition of input stock supplies, semi-finished products and ready-to-install

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DBL 4027:2012-10, page 8

Microscopic degree of purity

Determination in accordance with DIN 50602:1985-09, method K, total index oxides

Macroscopic degree of purity

Determination by blue brittleness test in accordance with SEP 1584, method C

Refer to DIN EN 10084.

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DBL 4027:2012-10, page 9

Dimensions and tolerances / Form of supply