Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
BSCE 4B
Country: Georgia
Roadways clearly show to us how good the economy in a certain country is running.
Knowing the mode of transportation and the state of highways in a country can be very useful, to
some extent, in learning more of the countrys background.
While researching the highways in the country assigned to me, I made it a point to also
research and study its history, culture and politics. These things may help us get a better
understanding of why and how their roadways are built.
The following are the pictures I have found in the internet upon searching the highways in the
country Georgia.
1. Abano Pass
Abano Pass is a high mountain pass located in the region of Tusheti, Georgia, in the central part
of the Great Caucasus Mountains, at an elevation of 2,850 meters (9,350 ft.) above the sea level.
Abano Pass is the highest drivable mountain pass in the Caucasus. The pass is drivable only by
4x4 cars.
The road to reach the pass starts in Pshaveli and ends in Omalo. It has a length of 84.5km, but
the expected driving time is over than 12 hours. The pass links the Georgian regions of Kakheti
(south) and Tusheti (north). Tusheti is the most pristine and remote mountain region of Georgia
at 900-4800 meters above sea level. It is covered with ravines and two main river valleys,
Gometseri Alazani and Pirikiti Alazani.
The road over the pass was built in 1978, and is only open during the summer months from
around May until to October, but it can be closed anytime when the access is not cleared of snow.
Avalanches and heavy snowfalls can sometimes block some sections of the road and can be
extremely dangerous due to frequent patches of ice. The main settlement in the region is the
Omalo Village (1850 m.s.l.) Due to Omalo's high mountain location on the northern slopes of
the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range and the absence of well-maintained roads, it is largely
isolated from the rest of Georgia for most of the year. Conditions can change quickly and be
harsh. Road closures can be frequent, so check conditions before traveling to this area.
This trail passes through remote areas, so you need to be prepared. Tusheti can be reached with a
4WD vehicle and only a 4WD. Note for travellers: some homestays are often only open from
July but a bit a preplanning will always ensure you have somewhere to stay. 4 wheeling is an
inherently dangerous activity and shouldnt be attempted without the appropriate training and
equipment. Tusheti's scenery is a spectacular mix of high, snow-covered peaks, deep gorges of
Pirikiti, Gometseri and Chanchakhovani and steep, grassy hillsides with flocks of sheep and
horses running wild through fields of irises.
2. Asian Highway 5
Asian Highway 5 (AH5) is an east-west route of the Asian Highway Network, running 10,380km
(16,705 miles)
from Shanghai,
China
via Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan,
Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia to
the
border
between Turkey and Bulgaria
West
of Istanbul where it connects to AH1 and E80.
3. Asian Highway 81
Asian Highway 81 (AH81) is a road in the Asian Highway Network running 1143 km (714
miles) from Larsi, Georgia to Baku, Azerbaijan, with ferry connection to Aktau ,Kazakhstan.
4. European Route 60
European route E 60 is the second longest E-road running from Brest, France (on
the Atlantic coast), to Irkeshtam, Kyrgyzstan(on the border with People's Republic of China).
route,
extending
from A
8. S1 Highway
The Georgian route S1 (also known as Tbilisi-Senaki-Leselidze) is a major trunk road that runs
from Tbilisi through Senakibefore reaching the border with Russia near Leselidze (Abkhazia).
The
length
is
552
kilometers
(342 mi).
The
highway
runs
through Mtskheta, Gori, Khashuri, Zestaponi, Kutaisi, Samtredia, Senaki, Zugdidi, Sukhumi and
Gagra. After crossing the border with Russia, the highway continues to Sochi and Krasnodar. It
is part of the European route E60, E97 and E117.
North of Zugdidi, the highway it is not controlled by the Georgian government and is located in
the breakaway republic ofAbkhazia. Crossing from Georgia to Abkhazia is impossible.
Parts of the road, including the stretch between Tbilisi and Ruisi (100 km), is built as a dual
carriageway.
9. S2 Highway
The Georgian route S2 (also known as Senaki-Poti-Sarpi) is one of the major trunk roads that
runs from Senaki through Poti before reaching the border with Turkey near Sarpi (Adjara). The
length
is
119
kilometers
(74 mi).
The
highway
runs
through
Poti, Grigoleti, Ureki, Kobuleti, Chakvi and Batumi. After crossing the border with Turkey, the
highway continues to Trabzon. It is part of the European route E60 and E70.
10. S3 Highway
The Georgian route S3 (also known as Mtskheta-Stepantsminda-Larsi) is one of the major trunk
roads that runs from Mtskhetathrough Stepantsminda before reaching the border with Russia
near Larsi (Mtsketa-Mtianeti). The length is 139 kilometers (86 mi). The highway runs
through Zhinvali, Ananuri, Pasanauri and Gudauri. After crossing the border with Russia, the
highway continues to Vladikavkaz. It is part of the European route E117 and Georgian Military
Road.
11. S4 Highway
The Georgian route S4 (also known as TbilisiRed Bridge) is one of the major trunk roads that
runs from Tbilisi through Rustavibefore reaching the border with Azerbaijan near Red
Bridge (Kvemo Kartli). The length is 57 kilometres (35 mi). After crossing the border
with Azerbaijan, the highway continues to Ganja and Baku. It is part of the European route
E60 and European route E117.
12. S5 Highway
The Georgian route S5 (also known as Tbilisi-Bakurtsikhe-Lagodekhi) is one of the major trunk
roads that runs from Tbilisithrough Bakurtsikhe before reaching the border with Azerbaijan
near Lagodekhi (Kakheti). The length is 160 kilometers (99 mi). The highway runs
through Sagarejo and Tsnori. After crossing the border with Azerbaijan, the highway continues
to Zaqatalaand Yevlax.
13. S6 Highway
The Georgian route S6 (also known as PonichalaMarneuliGuguti) is one of the major trunk
roads that runs from Ponichala (Tbilisi) through Marneuli before reaching the border with
Armenia near Guguti (Kvemo Kartli). The length is 98 kilometres (61 mi). The highway runs
through Bolnisi and Kazreti. After crossing the border with Armenia, the highway continues to
Stepanavan and Vanadzor. It is part of the European route E117.
14. S7 Highway
The Georgian route S7 (also known as MarneuliSadakhlo) is one of the major trunk roads that
runs from Marneuli through Shulaveri before reaching the border with Armenia
near Sadakhlo (Kvemo Kartli). The length is 34 kilometers (21 mi). After crossing the border
with Armenia, the highway continues to Vanadzor and Yerevan. It is part of the European route
E001.
15. S8 Highway
The Georgian route S8 (also known as KhashuriAkhaltsikhe-Vale) is one of the major trunk
roads that runs from Khashuri through Akhaltsikhe before reaching the border with Turkey
near Vale (Samtskhe-Javakheti). The length is 97 kilometers (60 mi). The highway runs
through Borjomi. After crossing the border with Turkey, the highway continues to Kars. It is part
of the European route E691.
16. S9 Highway
The Georgian route S9 (also known as Tbilisi Bypass Road) is one of the major trunk roads that
runs from S1 Highway (Near Mtskheta) to S4 Highway (Near Rustavi). The length is 49
kilometers (30 mi). The highway runs near Tbilisi International Airport. It is part of the European
route E60 and European route E117.
MAP OF GEORGIA
Attached here is a map of Georgia for us to be fully familiarized with the names of the cities and
other places mentioned above.
SUMMARY
Seeing the pictures inserted in this document, we can notice that there
are only a few roadways located in the country Georgia. It can be observed
that most of the highways are not yet cemented or asphalted. These things
may be deemed only natural because this country just became independent in
the year 1991. It can also be observed that the country is surrounded by the
Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in
the south, thus making it hard for them to quickly build efficient roadways to
remote mountainous areas. The countrys lack of roadways may also be
caused by its unstable political standing and different interests and priorities
of its political leaders.
It can also be well observed from the list above that there are
international highways that pass through Georgia. Some of these are Asian
Highway 5, Asian Highway 81, European Route 60 and European Route 70
which are all listed above. This may be because Georgia serves as the end
point to these highways because its western border is along the coast of the
Black Sea.
Aside from its mountainous terrain, the size of the country is a factor as
well in constructing its roadways. Given the size of Georgia which is only 69,
700 square kilometers, wherein almost 40% of its land territory is covered
with forest, there are only few major highways needed to make significant
areas accessible. The country also does not have many cities to connect and
its major cities are already connected by railways.