021 C 45

ADVISORY CIRCULAR
AC 21-45
Airworthiness approval of airborne
automatic dependent surveillance
broadcast equipment
v2.2 June 2015
AIRWORTHINESS APPROVAL OF AIRBORNE AUTOMATIC

DEPENDENT SURVEILLANCE BROADCAST EQUIPMENT
Advisory Circulars are intended to provide advice and guidance to illustrate a means, but not necessarily the only
means, of complying with the Regulations, or to explain certain regulatory requirements by providing informative,
interpretative and explanatory material.
Advisory Circulars should always be read in conjunction with the relevant regulations.
Audience
This AC is applicable to all Australian aircraft and visiting foreign aircraft transmitting ADS-B
information in Australia in accordance with current legislation. Requirements to transmit ADS-B
information are found in either Civil Aviation Order (CAO) 20.18 or 82.1.
This Advisory Circular (AC) applies to:
Subpart 21.M authorised persons

Subpart 21.J approved design organisations
Purpose
This AC is intended to define the airborne component of the 1090 Megahertz Extended Squitter
Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) data link use in Australia, and provide
guidance and advice for the airworthiness approval for the installation of the aircraft equipment
proposed to support that use.
For further information

For further information on this AC, contact CASAs Airworthiness and Engineering Standards
Branch (telephone 131 757).
Unless specified otherwise, all subregulations, regulations, divisions, subparts and parts
referenced in this AC are references to the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998 (CASR).
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 1

Status
This version of the AC is approved by the Executive Manager, Standards Division.
Version
Date
Details
(0)
April 2007
Initial issue of this AC
(1)
February
2012
This is the second issue of this AC and replaces AC 21-45(0) issued in April
2007.
v2.1
April 2014
The following changes have been made to the document:

Addition of greater range of suitable pressure altitude data source devices
at Section 8.6, Appendix A and C.
Added that Appendix A will not be subject to further update and will be
kept for historical record at Section 9.4 and Appendix A.
v2.2
June 2015
The following changes have been made to the document:

Converted document to new format
Updated Appendix D - Acceptable equipment combinations
Updated reference list
Inserted definition table
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 2

Contents
1
Reference material
1.1
Acronyms
1.2
Definitions
1.3
References
Background
10
Functional Requirement
11
3.1
ADS-B Avionics
11
3.2
ADS-B Transmitter
11
3.3
ADS-B data sources (Essential)
13
3.4
Positional data
13
3.5
Positional integrity data
13
3.6
Pressure altitude
14
3.7
Identity
14
3.8
ADS-B data sources (Desirable)
14
Design, Development and Approval of Aircraft Modifications
16
4.1
Legislative Basis for Acceptable Aircraft Configurations
16
4.2
Compliance
16
4.3
Functional Testing
16
4.4
Acceptable Configurations
17
4.5
Flight Manual
17
4.6
Minimum Equipment List (MEL)
18
4.7
Maintenance
18
Foreign Based Operators
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
AC 21-45 v2.2
19
ADS-B 'Out' data

Self-evaluation checklist
Acceptable equipment combinations
June 2015
20
22
24
Page 3

Reference material
1.1 Acronyms
The acronyms and abbreviations used in this AC are listed in the table below.
Acronym
Description
AC
Advisory Circular
ADS-B
Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast
AEEC
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
AFM
Aircraft Flight Manual
ARINC
Aeronautical Radio, Inc
ATC
Air Traffic Control
ATSO
Australian Technical Standard Order
BARO
Barometric sourced data
CAO
Civil Aviation Order
CAR
Civil Aviation Regulations 1988
CASA
Civil Aviation Safety Authority
CASR
Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998
EASA
European Aviation Safety Agency
ETSO
EASA Technical Standard Order
EUROCAE
European Organisation for Civil Aviation Equipment
FAA
Federal Aviation Administration of the United States of America
FDE
Fault Detection and Exclusion
GNSS
Global Navigation Satellite System
GPS
Global Positioning System
HAE
Height Above Ellipsoid
HFOM
Horizontal Figure of Merit
HIL
Horizontal Integrity Limit
HPL
Horizontal Protection Limit
ICAO
International Civil Aviation Organization
JAA
Joint Aviation Authority of Europe
JTSO
JAA Technical Standard Order
MASPS
Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards
MEL
Minimum Equipment List
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 4

Acronym
Description
MMR
Multi Mode Receiver
MODE S
Mode Select (a transponder format to allow discrete interrogation and data link
capability/ selective interrogation mode of SSR
MOPS
Minimum Operational Performance Standards
MSL
Mean Sea Level
NAC
Navigation Accuracy Category
NAC
Navigation Accuracy Category for Position
NIC
Navigation Integrity Category
NUC
Navigation Uncertainty Category
POH
Pilot Operating Handbook
RAAO
Recreational Aviation Administration Organisation that is recognised by CASA
RTCA
RTCA, Inc (formerly Radio Technical Committee for Aeronautics)
SA
Selective Awareness
SIL
Surveillance Integrity Level
SPI
Special Position Identification
SSR
Secondary Surveillance Radar
TSOA
FAA Technical Standard Order Authorisation
TSO
FAA Technical Standard Order
1.2 Definitions
Terms that have specific meaning within this AC are defined in the table below.
Term
Definition
ADS-B Out
A function on an aircraft or vehicle that periodically broadcasts its state vector

(position and velocity) and other information derived from on-board systems
in a format suitable for ADS-B IN capable receivers
ADS-B System
A collection of ADS-B subsystems wherein ADS-B messages are

broadcast and received by appropriately equipped participant subsystems
Aircraft address
The term 'address' is used to indicate the information field in an

ADS-B message that identifies the ADS-B unit that issued the message
Barometric Altitude
Geopotential altitude in the earth's atmosphere above mean standard sea

level pressure datum surface, measured by a pressure (barometric)
altimeter
Mode A
Transponder function that transmits a 4-digit octal identification code for an

aircraft when interrogated by an SSR, the code having been assigned to the
aircraft by ATC for the relevant flight sector
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 5

Term
Definition
Mode C
Transponder function that transmits a 4-digit octal code for an aircrafts

pressure altitude when interrogated by an SSR
Mode S
Monopulse radar interrogation technique that improves the accuracy of the

azimuth and range information of an aircraft, and uses a unique aircraft
address to selectively call individual aircraft
Navigation Uncertainty
Category
Uncertainty categories for the state vector navigation variables are

characterized by a NUC data set provided in the ADS-B sending
system. The NUC includes both position and velocity uncertainties
Position Uncertainty
Category
The position uncertainty category (PUC) is needed for surveillance

applications to determine whether the reported position has an
acceptable level of position uncertainty
Resolution
The smallest increment reported in an ADS-B message field. The

representation of the least significant bit in an ADS-B message field
Surveillance radar
Radar equipment used to determine the position of an aircraft in range and

azimuth
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 6

1.3 References
Regulations
Regulations are available on the ComLaw website http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Home
Document
Title
CASA regulations
CASR Part 21
Certification and airworthiness requirements for aircraft and parts
CASR Subpart 21M
Designs of modifications of, and repairs to, aircraft, aircraft engines,

propellers and appliances
CAO 20.18
Aircraft Equipment Basic Operational Requirements
ATSO-C1004
Airborne Mode A/C Transponder Equipment with Extended Squitter

Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) Transmit Only
Equipment
ATSO-C1005
Airborne Stand-Alone Extended Squitter Automatic Dependent Surveillance

Broadcast (ADS-B) Transmission Capability
FAA TSOs
TSO-C112
TSO for Mode S Extended Squitter
TSO-C145
Airborne Navigation Sensors using GPS Augmented by Satellite Based

Augmentation System
TSO-C146
Stand Alone Airborne Navigation Equipment using GPS Augmented by

Satellite Based Augmentation System
TSO-C196
Airborne Supplemental Navigation Sensors using GPS Augmented by

Satellite Based Augmentation System
TSO-C166
Extended Squitter Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B)

and Traffic Information Service - Broadcast (TIS-B) Equipment Operating on
the Radio Frequency of 1090 Megahertz (MHz)
TSO-C10
TSO for Altimeter, Pressure Actuated, Sensitive Type
TSO-C106
TSO for Air Data Computer
TSO-C88
TSO for Automatic Pressure Altitude Reporting CodeGenerating Equipment
EASA TSOs
ETSO-2C112a
formerly
JTSO-2C112a
MOPS for SSR Mode S Transponders (Adopts EUROCAE ED-73A).
ETSO-C10
ETSO for Altimeter, Pressure Actuated, Sensitive Type
ETSO-C106
ETSO for Air Data Computer
ETSO-C88
ETSO for Automatic Pressure Altitude Reporting CodeGenerating

Equipment
AC 21-45 v2.2
Note: This JTSO is being updated to version B based on EUROCAE document

ED-73B.
June 2015
Page 7

Advisory material
Advisory Circulars are available at http://www.casa.gov.au/AC
Civil Aviation Advisory Publications are available at http://www.casa.gov.au/CAAP
FAA advisory circulars are available at http://rgl.faa.gov/
EASA guidance material is available at http://easa.europa.eu/certification-specifications/amc-20-general-acceptablemeans-compliance-airworthiness-products-parts
ICAO publications are available at http://www.icao.int/publications/Pages/default.aspx
RTCA Inc, standards are available at http://www.rtca.org/Files/ListofAvailableDocsMarch2013.pdf
EUROCAE standards are available at https://www.eurocae.net/publications/search/
Document
Title
CASA advisory circulars

AC 21-15
Supplemental Type Certificate - Certification
AC 21-36
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Equipment: Airworthiness

Guidelines
AC 21-601
Australian Technical Standard Order Authorisation
FAA advisory circulars

AC 20-140B
Guidelines for Design Approval of Aircraft Data communications
AC 20-165A
Airworthiness Approval of Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast

(ADS-B) Out Systems
AC 90-114
Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) Operations
EASA guidance material

AMC 20-24
Acceptable Means of Compliance
ICAO publications
ICAO Annex 10
Volume III
Aeronautical Communications (Digital Data Communication Systems)
ICAO Annex 10
Volume IV
Aeronautical Communications (Surveillance Radar and Collision Avoidance

Systems)
ICAO Doc 9924
Aeronautical Surveillance Manual
ICAO Doc 9684
Manual of the Secondary Surveillance Radar System (SSR)
ICAO Doc 4444
Procedures for Air Traffic Services - Air Traffic Management (PANS-ATM)
RTCA Inc, and EUROCAE standards

RTCA/DO-229D
MOPS for Global Positioning System/Wide Area Augmentation System

Airborne Equipment
EUROCAE/ED-78A
RTCA/DO-264
Guidelines for Approval of the Provision and Use of Air Traffic Services
Supported by data communications
EUROCAE/ED-75C
RTCA/DO-236C
MASPS for Required Navigation Performance (RNP) Area Navigation
RTCA/DO-242A
MASPS for ADS-B
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 8

Document
Title
Change 1 to RTCA/DO242A
RTCA/DO-317A
EUROCAE/ED-102A
MOPS for Aircraft Surveillance Applications (ASA) System
EUROCAE/ED-73E
MOPS for Secondary Surveillance Radar Mode S Transponders
RTCA/DO-289
Change 1 to RTCA/DO289
MASPS for Aircraft Surveillance Applications (ASA)
RTCA/DO-181E
MOPS for Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System/ Mode Select
(ATCRBS/Mode S) Airborne Equipment
RTCA/DO-302
MASPS for Surveillance Transmit Processing (STP)
RTCA/DO-303
EUROCAE/ED-126
Safety, Performance and Inter-operability Requirements Document for the

ADS-B Non-Radar-Airspace (NRA) Applications
RTCA/DO-316
MOPS for Global Positioning System/Aircraft Based Augmentation System

Airborne Equipment
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 9

Background
ADS-B is a surveillance application that periodically transmits aircraft parameters, such as

identification, pressure altitude, position and position integrity, via a broadcast data link that is
available to any receiver, either airborne or ground-based, within range of the transmitter.
ADS-B information is broadcast without any knowledge of which users may be receiving it and
without the expectation of an acknowledgement or reply. As an automatic system, ADS-B
requires no flight crew or controller action for the information to be transmitted. The surveillancetype information broadcast is dependent on the aircrafts navigation system and the broadcast
capability of the source emitter.
An ADS-B 'out' system consists of the following components:
a transmitting subsystem that includes message generation and transmission functions

at the source aircraft
the data link broadcast medium.
The sources of the transmitted information, as well as the user applications, are not considered
to be part of the ADS-B system, but their performance needs to be considered when defining
overall ADS-B system performance.
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 10

Functional requirement
3.1 ADS-B avionics

3.1.1
For an aircraft to be ADS-B capable it requires:
appropriate data sources

an ADS-B transmitter to broadcast the data in a predetermined standard format.
3.2 ADS-B transmitter

3.2.1
The ADS-B transmitter needs to comply with the minimum performance standards
detailed in RTCA/DO-260, DO-260A or DO-260B Paragraph 2.2 as appropriate for the
aircraft type.
3.2.2
For ADS-B data to be universally usable it needs to be transmitted in the formats and
characteristics defined in the following standards:
Annex 10 to Chicago Convention, Volumes III and IV, Amendment 85

RTCA/DO-260 Change 2 (systems compliant with earlier versions may continue to
use HFOM in abnormal situations as described in Paragraph 8.2.10)
RTCA/DO-260A Change 2
RTCA/DO-260B.
3.2.3
Compliance with RTCA/DO-260B is preferred noting that this is the requirement being
implemented in the United States of America (USA) and Europe.
3.2.4
To be useable for Air Traffic Control (ATC) surveillance in a 'radar like' manner, ADS-B
transmitters must transmit the following minimum data set:
3.2.5
Position (in extended squitter surface position message and in extended squitter
airborne position message)
Position Integrity Information (e.g. NUC or NIC value transmitted in the 'TYPE'
code in extended squitter surface position message and in extended squitter
airborne position message)
Pressure Altitude (in extended squitter airborne position message, GNSS height
may also be transmitted in this message when barometric altitude is not available)
Aircraft Identification (in extended squitter identity and category message)
Version Number, SIL and NACP in aircraft operational status message, if the
avionics equipment is RTCA/DO-260A or RTCA/DO-260B compliant.
To provide a more comprehensive data set to other stations, transmission of the

following data is highly desirable, as it is used by the Australian ATC system:
AC 21-45 v2.2
SPI Indication (in Surveillance Status Subfield of ADS-B airborne position

messages)
Emergency Flag (in Surveillance Status Subfield of ADS-B airborne position
messages)
June 2015
Page 11

Emergency Priority Status Information (may be broadcast in Extended Squitter

Aircraft Status Message, RTCA/DO-260 or RTCA/DO-260A, or the Target State
and Status Message RTCA/DO-260A or RTCA/DO-260B)
Velocity Information (Extended Squitter Velocity Message or Surface Position
Message)
GNSS height (GNSS Altitude Difference From Barometric Altitude in Extended
Squitter Velocity Message)
Vertical rate (in Extended Squitter Velocity Message)
Aircraft category (ensure the parameter is correctly set in the extended squitter
and category message).
3.2.6
Additional ADS-B data, defined in ICAO Annex 10, Volumes III and Volume IV,
Amendment 85 or RTCA/DO-260 or RTCA/DO-260A may also be transmitted.
3.2.7
Operators installing systems compliant with RTCA/DO-260B are urged to configure their
systems to transmit all available parameters. Utilisation of the failure annunciation
output is recommended - refer RTCA/DO-260B Paragraph 2.2.11.5.
3.2.8
Equipment marked as compliant with ATSO-C1004(a), ATSO-C1005(a) or TSO-C166,

are considered capable of transmitting data described above in the correct formats.
Later versions of these TSOs are acceptable.
3.2.9
Transponders marked as compliant with the following standards:
AEEC ARINC 718A

TSO-C112
EUROCAE ED-73B
JTSO-2C112a
ETSO-2C112a
may be capable of transmitting this information in the correct formats. Functional testing
of the installation would be required to confirm compliance.
3.2.10
RTCA/DO-260 compliant ADS-B transmitters use the HPL/HIL data from the GNSS
receiver as the highest priority data source for determination of NUC.
3.2.11
ADS-B transmitters compliant with pre RTCA/DO-260 Change 2 may continue to use
HFOM data from the GNSS receiver during periods of HPL non-availability due to
operational reasons (e.g. satellite geometry etc.); however, this is considered to be an
abnormal situation.
3.2.12
For RTCA/DO-260A and RTCA/DO-260B compliant transmitters, HPL is used for

determination of NIC and HFOM is used for determination of NAC.
3.2.13
It is desirable but not essential that the flight crew have the ability to disable the ADS-B
function on instruction from ATC without disabling the operation of the ATC transponder
function.
3.2.14
It is desirable that the flight crew are able to initiate emergency messages and 'ident'
functions.
3.2.15
Transmitter antenna installation, including the need for antenna diversity, needs to
comply with the manufacturers installation instructions for ATC transponders to ensure
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 12

satisfactory functioning. This is particularly relevant to aircraft above 5700 kg, or with a
maximum cruising speed greater than 463 km/h (250 knots).
3.3 ADS-B data sources (essential)

3.3.1
The following section describes the minimum data necessary for ADS-B transmitters to
function in the ATC environment (for more detailed requirements including references
see the Appendices of this AC). Each category is essential to ensure the message
being transmitted has all the relevant data necessary to enable separation to be
calculated. Failure to comply may render the prospective operator unable to obtain the
benefits of ADS-B separation.
3.4 Positional data

3.4.1
Accurate positional data is essential for the ADS-B system to operate in a 'radar like
manner' and be the basis for the allocation of separation between aircraft. Valid GNSS
data input provides an acceptable accuracy and integrity for separation purposes with
the delivery of position information at a periodic but randomised interval of less than or
equal to one second.
3.4.2
GNSS equipment compliant with TSO-C145, TSO-C146, TSO-C196, or an equivalent

standard acceptable to the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA), are suitable for use
with ADS-B. Later versions of these TSOs are acceptable.
3.4.3
Particular navigation packages that do not have a TSOA, but can be demonstrated to
achieve the accuracy and integrity values required, may be acceptable to CASA. In
assessing the suitability of GNSS avionics that do not have a TSO-C145/146/196
authorisation, CASA may consider the system differences to the standards documented
in RTCA/DO-229C or RTCA/DO-316 (or later versions), with particular regard to the
following criteria:
The system is capable of delivering position information with a periodic interval of at

least one second
The system can continuously output the HPL value to the ADS-B transmitter
The system has a FDE capability as described in CAO 20.18 Appendix XI Part B 3
(c)(ii)(A)
The system addresses selective availability (SA) as described in CAO 20.18
Appendix XI Part B 3 (c)(ii)(C).
3.5 Positional integrity data

3.5.1
HPL integrity data needs to be provided to the ADS-B transmitter from the GNSS
receiver on the same interface as the positional data. This data is typically available as
ARINC 429 label 130.
3.5.2
HFOM data will be provided to the transponder on the same interface as the HPL data.
HFOM typically uses ARINC 429 label 247.
3.5.3
A RTCA/DO-260A or RTCA/DO-260B compliant installation will use the HFOM value to

calculate NAC.
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 13

3.5.4
In some cases, such as during rare periods of inadequate satellites, HPL may not be
delivered to the interface. In this case a RTCA/DO-260 compliant installation may use
the HFOM value to generate NUC during the period of HPL non-availability; however,
this is considered an abnormal situation.
3.5.5
In the case of RTCA/DO-260A or RTCA/DO-260B compliant installations the SIL is

intended to reflect the integrity of the navigation source of the position information
broadcast. Where position integrity is based on HPL, and the SIL cannot be
unambiguously determined and set dynamically, CASA recommends that value should
be set to 2 (two) or the value recommended by the equipment manufacturer. During
periods where HPL is not available the NIC should be set to 0 (zero), and the NAC
should reflect the accuracy of the broadcast position.
3.6 Pressure altitude

3.6.1
Pressure altitude provided to transponders is to be in accordance with existing

requirements for ATC transponders. It is preferable that 7.62 metre (25 feet) altitude
encoding is used. This data is typically available on ARINC 429 label 203.
3.6.2
Suitable pressure altitude data source may be provided by:
a barometric encoder (FAA TSO-C88 or later version)

a barometric altimeter (FAA TSO-C10 or later version)
an air data computer (FAA TSO-C106 or later version)
EASA equivalent versions of above TSO standards.
3.7 Identity
3.7.1
Identity information, that is the aircraft flight identification (Flight ID) or aircraft
registration mark, is to be provided to the transponder so that the information is identical
to the filed flight plan. This information is normally entered by the flight crew prior to
each flight utilising either:
3.7.2
a flight management system

a pilot control panel.
For aircraft which always operate with the same Flight ID (e.g. using the aircraft
registration mark as a callsign) this may be programmed into equipment at installation.
3.8 ADS-B data sources (desirable)

3.8.1
GNSS altitude. GNSS altitude should be provided from an approved GNSS receiver to
the ADS-B transmitter. Typically this data is available as HAE, ARINC 429 label 370 or
MSL, ARINC 429 label 076.
3.8.2
Vertical rate (GNSS or Barometric). Vertical rate may be provided from either a GNSS
receiver or from a pressure source:
AC 21-45 v2.2
GNSS vertical rate should be provided from an approved GNSS receiver, and is
typically available as ARINC 429 label 165
June 2015
Page 14

Barometric vertical rate. Barometric (BARO) vertical rate is typically available as

ARINC 429 label 212.
Note:
The most accurate source should be used.
3.8.3
Velocity Information. Ground speed from an approved GNSS receiver in the form of
East/West Velocity and North/South Velocity should be provided. This would be
typically available as ARINC 429 label 174.
3.8.4
SPI Indication. For ATC transponders, the SPI capability is integrated into the
transponder functionality and is controlled from the transponder control panel. For non
transponder implementations a discrete input or a control panel may be provided to
trigger the SPI indication.
3.8.5
Emergency indicator. For ATC transponders the emergency declaration capability is

integrated into the transponder functionality and is controlled from the transponder
control panel. For non transponder implementations a discrete input or a control panel
may be provided to trigger the emergency and/or to indicate the type of emergency.
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 15

Design, development and approval of aircraft

modifications
4.1 Legislative basis for acceptable aircraft configurations

4.1.1
CAO 20.18 Paragraph 9B together with CAO 20.18 Appendix XI detail the legislated
technical and operational requirements that are to be met by aircraft operating in
Australian airspace and wishing to take advantage of the benefits of ADS-B separation.
This covers both the preferred methods together with an alternative standard based on
existing international requirements.
4.2 Compliance
4.2.1
When utilising this guidance material for the approval of an ADS-B installation, in
accordance with either Subpart 21.M or a Supplemental Type Certificate under Subpart
21.E of the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998 (CASR 1998), the following need to
be considered:
The applicant will need to submit a compliance statement to CASA that shows how
the criteria of this guidance material has been satisfied, together with evidence
resulting from the activities described in this section.
Compliance with the airworthiness requirements for intended function and safety
may be demonstrated by equipment qualification, safety analysis of the interface
between the ADS-B equipment and data sources, equipment cooling verification
and ground tests. To support the approval application, design data will need to be
submitted showing that the requirements for ADS-B operation have been complied
with.
The safety analysis of the interface between the ADS-B system and its data
sources should show no unwanted interaction under normal or fault conditions.
4.2.2
The Federal Aviation Administration of the USA (FAA) AC 120-86 and AC 20-165
provide additional guidance by providing general information and acceptable methods
of compliance for the certification, airworthiness, and operational approval of certain
aircraft surveillance systems and selected associated aviation applications.
4.2.3
A self-evaluation checklist intended to assist in determining compliance is included at

Appendix B of this AC.
4.3 Functional testing

4.3.1
Testing of the installed system either on ground or in flight, is intended to confirm:
AC 21-45 v2.2
system operation
that the aircraft derived data in the transmitted messages, including integrity data,
is correct
correct functioning of installed system fault detectors.
June 2015
Page 16

4.3.2
Whilst some of the functionality for ADS-B out applications may be demonstrated by
ground testing, thorough validation of the installed equipment combination may need a
mix of ground and flight tests.
4.3.3
When a particular ADS-B equipment combination is being fitted to an aircraft the

following issues need to be addressed:
If the equipment combination installation is in accordance with an existing proven

design (i.e. OEM fit, approved STC or CASR 21M approved engineering order)
then the aircraft may only require transponder test set confirmation and the normal
post maintenance check flight to confirm correct function of the installed equipment
and overall aircraft operation. Coordination with local ATC may also be required.
If the proposed equipment combination has not been implemented previously, but
sufficient documentary evidence is submitted to prove compliance of the system
integration with the performance standards as detailed, then paragraph 9.3.1 of this
AC would also apply.
If the proposed equipment combination installation has not been implemented
previously and there is insufficient supporting evidence to show compliance with
the published standards, comprehensive use of an ADS-B capable transponder test
set to verify operation all data fields is required. Subsequently, coordination may be
required with local ATC to allow a one off trial period during which time the ADS-B
data transmitted by the aircraft is gathered and analysed to confirm correct
functioning of the equipment combination. This would be in addition to the
requirements of paragraph 9.3.1 of this AC.
4.4 Acceptable configurations

4.4.1
Schedules 1 and 2 of Appendix C to this AC provide listings of the currently accepted

equipment combinations. These combinations were submitted by operators as part of
their application for ADS-B based services and subsequently verified by Airservices
Australia. These combinations are not exhaustive, and are a historical record and not
subject to further update.
4.4.2
Recent legislative changes have required a technical review of the performance of

existing equipment combinations. Appendix C, Schedule 3 of this AC lists those
combinations that are no longer acceptable for use in Australia. This list is not
exhaustive and is a historical record and not subject to further update.
4.5 Flight manual

4.5.1
The AFM or the POH, whichever is applicable, should provide at least a statement that
the transponder system(s) complies with the criteria of ICAO Annex 10 Volumes III and
IV, Amendment 85 regarding extended squitter and any necessary procedures for
expected operations (e.g. the need to enter Identity/Call Sign also known as Flight ID)
for use with ATC.
4.5.2
Crew Operating Instructions for the ADS-B system should emphasise the need to use
the ICAO format, as defined in ICAO Doc 4444, for entry of the Flight ID or Registration
Mark as applicable to the flight. The shortened format commonly used by airlines (a
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 17

format used by the International Air Transport Association) is not compatible with the
ground systems of the air traffic services.
4.6 Minimum equipment list (MEL)

4.6.1
The mandatory requirements detailed in paragraph 9B.8 of CAO 20.18 regarding the
serviceability of the ADS-B equipment fitted are to be noted in the MEL.
4.7 Maintenance
4.7.1
Maintenance tests should include a periodic verification check of aircraft ADS-B data
including the ICAO 24-bit aircraft address (also known as the Mode S address) using
suitable ramp test equipment. A check of the ICAO 24-bit aircraft address should be
made in the event of a change of the registration mark of the aircraft (this is always
necessary following change in State of registration) or whenever a transponder is
replaced.
Note: Australian aircraft are allocated a 24-bit address by the Registrar of Aircraft or relevant RAAO at
time of registration.
4.7.2
Where possible, maintenance tests should check the correct functioning of system fault
detectors.
4.7.3
The maximum period between ADS-B maintenance tests of the ADS-B transmitter
should be the same as for ATC transponders and all transponders fitted to the aircraft
should be checked.
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 18

Foreign based operators
5.1.1
Paragraph 5.8 of CAO 82.1 , paragraph 10.8 of CAO 82.3 and paragraph 10.8 of CAO
82.5 detail the requirements for ADS-B that foreign registered aircraft must comply with
if intending to utilise ADS-B services operations within Australian FIR.
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 19

Appendix A
ADS-B 'Out' data
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 20

Table 1: Required characteristics of essential ADS-B Out data
Item Parameter
Range
Identity/Call 8
Sign
characters
Position
Any
latitude
and
longitude
on earth
Pressure
Altitude
-1000 ft to
maximum
certificated
altitude of
aircraft
plus 5000
ft
Integrity
Value
Value 0-9
Minimum Accuracy Maximum Data

Resolution Limits
Age at
Transmission
N/A
Remarks
ADS-B transmitter
specification
N/A
60 seconds
ICAO Annex 10, Vol IV, para

3.1.2.9
2 seconds

3.1.2.8.6.6
& Vol III, Part I, App to Chap
5 para 2.3.2.3
100 ft
As the
(Gillhams installed
code) or 25 sensor.
ft as
provided by
the source.
2 seconds

3.1.2.6.5.4. referenced to
1013.25 hPa & Vol III, Part I,
App to Chap 5 para 2.3.2.4.
Note: Minimum resolution of
25 ft is preferred.
2 seconds
ICAO Annex 10, Vol III, Part

I, App to Chap 5 para .2.3.1
N/A
Table 2: Required characteristics of desirable ADS-B Out data
Item Parameter
SPI
Indication
Emergency
Flag
Emergency
Type
Indicator
Velocity
Information
GNSS
Height
Vertical
rate
(GNSS/BA
RO)
AC 21-45 v2.2
Range
Minimum Accurac
Resolution y Limits
Maximum
Data Age at
Transmission
2 seconds
June 2015
Remarks
ADS-B transmitter
specification

3.1.2.8.6.6 & Vol III, Part I,
App to Chap 5 para 2.3.5
Page 21

Appendix B
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 22

Table 3: Self-evaluation checklist
ADS-B Transmitter Manufacturer & Model number
GNSS positional source Manufacturer & Model
number
GNSS receiver TSO
TSO C145a or later version

TSO C146a or later version
TSO-C196 or later version
Other
If not TSO C145(), TSO C146() or TSO C196()

compliant
Fault Detection and Exclusion

YES/NO
Selective Availability aware
YES/NO
Confirm outputs HPL or HIL
Is BARO aiding provided to GNSS receiver?
Transmitter Message formats compliant with (Circle

one)
ICAO Annex 10, Volume III and IV Amendment 85 or

DO-260 or
DO-260A or TSO C166 or TSO-C166a
DO-260B or TSO C166b
Transmitter characteristics compliant with (Circle

one)
ATSO-C1004b
ATSO-1C74c
TSO-C112d and compliant with RTCA/DO-181e or
ETSO-C112b or
ED73B or DO-181e
ATSO-C1005b
HPL is provided to ADS-B transmitter on same

interface as GNSS positional data and tested
YES/NO
Suitable pressure altitude data source provided to

transmitter and tested?
YES/NO
TSO-C10b or ETSO-C10b
TSO-C106 or ETSO-C106
TSO-C88b or ETSO-C88b
Uses ships ATC transponder antenna?
YES/NO
If not using ships ATC antenna, has antenna been

YES/NO
mounted in accord with transponder mounting rules?
Flight ID source installed and tested? (Circle one)
Programmed/ pilot entry panel/ Flight Management

System interface
Optional data supported & tested (circle those

verified)
SPI indication
Emergency flag
Ground track / Ground speed Velocity vector
Emergency type indicator
GNSS height
GNSS Vertical rate
BARO vertical rate
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 23

Appendix C
Acceptable equipment combinations
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 24

C.1
Introduction
C.1.1
The equipment combinations listed in Schedules 1 and 2 are not exhaustive, and are a
historical record and not subject to further update. The lists were compiled from data
obtained from individual applications to Airservices Australia by operators wishing to be
included in the ADS-B separation services.
C.1.2
Following legislative changes and technical review of the performance of existing

transponder combinations Schedule 3 lists those combinations that are no longer
acceptable for use in Australia. This list is not exhaustive, and is a historical record and
not subject to further update.
C.1.3
Aviation Communication & Surveillance Systems (ACSS) XS-950 transponders are not
acceptable unless software modification A is incorporated.
Schedule 1 - ATC transponder and MMR/GPS receiver combinations from multiple

manufacturers
Transponder
manufacturer and
model
ACSS XS-950
(with software mod A)
Transponder
part number
7517800-10005
MMR/GPS receiver
manufacturer and model
Honeywell GR-550
MMR/GPS receiver
part number
HG2021GA03
HG2021GC02
Honeywell RMA-55B
066-50029-1161
Rockwell Collins GLU-920 822-1152-001

822-1152-002
822-1152-121
822-1152-130
822-1152-131
822-1152-220
7517800-10007

822-1152-002
822-1152-121
822-1152-130
822-1152-220
7517800-10009

822-1152-002
822-1152-121
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 25

Transponder
manufacturer and
model
Transponder
part number
MMR/GPS receiver
MMR/GPS receiver
part number
822-1152-130
822-1152-220
7517800-10100
Transponder
Manufacture and Model
Transponder
Part Number
MMR/GPS Receiver
Manufacturer and Model
MMR/GPS Receiver
Part Number
ACSS XS-950
(with software mod A)
7517800-11006
Honeywell GR-550
HG2021GC02
Honeywell RMA-55B
066-50029-1201

7517800-11009
Honeywell GR-550
HG2021GC01
HG2021GC02
Honeywell RMA-55B
066-50029-1201

822-1152-002
Honeywell TRA-67A
066-01127-1301
Honeywell GR-550
HG2021GP01

066-01127-1402
Honeywell RMA-55B
066-50029-1161

822-1152-130
822-1152-131
Thales TLS755
TLS755-01-0101B
TLS755-01-0102A
066-01127-1601
Honeywell GR-550
HG2021GC01
Honeywell RMA-55B
066-50029-1101

066-01127-1602
Honeywell GR-550
HG2021GC01
HG2021GC02
HG2021GP01
Transponder
AC 21-45 v2.2
Transponder
Honeywell GR-551
HG2021GP02
MMR/GPS Receiver
MMR/GPS Receiver
June 2015
Page 26

Transponder
manufacturer and
model
Transponder
part number
MMR/GPS receiver
MMR/GPS receiver
part number
Part Number
Part Number
Honeywell TRA-67A
066-01127-1602
Honeywell RMA-55B
066-50029-1101
066-50029-1201
Litton LTN2001Mk2
466200-0104

822-1152-003
822-1821-330
Thales TLS755
Honeywell ISP-80A
965-1694-001
TLS755-01-5101A

822-1821-430
Honeywell XS-858A
7517401-960
CMC Electronics CMA2024-1

(This a modular unit
normally located in a
higher assembly)
245-604067-100
Rockwell Collins TDR94
622-9352-108
Rockwell Collins GPS4000S
822-2189-001
Honeywell GR-550
HG2021GD02
Rockwell Collins GPS4000S
822-2189-001
FreeFlight Systems 1203
84327-01-0303
622-9352-409
822-2189-002
622-9210-409
Rockwell Collins TDR94D
622-9210-108
Rockwell Collins TDR94D
622-9210-409
84327-02-100A
Universal Avionics
Systems
UNS-1Lw
3116-42-1116
Transponder
Transponder
Part Number
MMR/GPS Receiver
MMR/GPS Receiver
Part Number
Rockwell Collins TPR901
822-1338-003
Free Flight Systems 1203
84327-50-200A
Free Flight Systems

1203C
84327-50-200B
Honeywell GR-550
HG2021GC02
HG2021GP01
Honeywell RMA-55B
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
066-50029-1101
Page 27

Transponder
manufacturer and
model
Transponder
part number
MMR/GPS receiver
MMR/GPS receiver
part number
066-50029-1201

822-1152-005
822-1821-330
822-1338-020
822-1338-021

822-1152-131
822-1821-430
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 28

Schedule 2 - ATC transponder and GPS receiver combinations manufactured by Garmin

International
Table 4: Transponders - panel mounted
Model
Part Number
Notes
GTX330
011-00455-60
(1) (2)
GTX330
011-00455-80
(1) (2)
GTX330D
011-00455-70
(1) (2)
GTX330D
011-00455-90
(1) (2)
Table 5: Transponders - G1000 avionics suite
Model
Part Number
Notes
GTX33
011-00779-20
(1) (2)
GTX33
011-00779-30
(1) (2)
GTX33D
011-00779-21
(1) (2)
Table 6: GPS receivers - GPS/NAV/COMM 400W/500W series equipment
Model
Part Number
Notes
GNS530AW TAWS
011-01067-XX
(2) (3) (4)
GNS530AW
011-01066-XX
(2) (3) (4)
GNS530W TAWS
011-01065-XX
(2) (3) (4)
GNS530W
011-01064-XX
(2) (3) (4)
GNS500W TAWS
011-01063-XX
(2) (3) (4)
GPS500W
011-01062-XX
(2) (3) (4)
GNS430AW
011-01061-XX
(2) (3) (4)
GNS430W
011-01060-XX
(2) (3) (4)
GNC420AW
011-01059-XX
(2) (3) (4)
GNC420W
011-01058-XX
(2) (3) (4)
GPS400W
011-01057-XX
(2) (3) (4)
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 29

Table 7: GPS receivers - G1000 avionics suite
Model
Part Number
Notes
GIA 63W
011-01105-00
(2) (5) (6)
GIA 63W A2/B2
011-01105-01
(2) (5) (6)
GIA 63W
011-01105-20
(2) (5) (6)
Table 8: Table 5: GPS receivers - GPS/NAV/COM 600/700 series equipment
Model
GTN650
Part Number
Notes
011-02256-00
Notes (applicable to Schedule 2 Tables):

1.
Software version 6.11 or later required (Garmin Service Bulletin 0935 refers).
2.
Any transponder or GPS can be used in combination as they all support the Garmin RS-232 serial
interface that allows GPS position and integrity information to be supplied to the transponder. Generally
the G1000 transponders will be combined with the G1000 GPS units, similarly for the non-G1000
transponders and GPS.
3.
-XX denotes any numbered suffix. All part numbers in each model range are suitable for providing GPS
data that can be used for ADS-B.
4.
Software version 3.20 or later required.
5.
The unit part number shown in Table 4 matches the part number printed on the nameplate or tag on the
equipment itself.
6.
Software version 5.80 or later required.
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 30

Schedule 3 - Review of currently approved combinations

Table 9: Non-compliant ATC transponder and MMR/GPS receiver combinations not
recommended for any new installations but may remain in service
Transponder
manufacturer and
model
Honeywell KT-73
Transponder
part number
066-01164-0101
MMR/GPS receiver
Honeywell KLN 94
MMR/GPS receiver
part number
069-01034-0101
069-01034-0102
Honeywell KLN 900
066-04034-0102
066-04034-0104
Honeywell KMH 820
066-01175-2101
066-01175-2102
Notes:
1.
The ongoing acceptability of these combinations may be determined by future legislation. Operators
utilising these equipment configurations are urged to update.
2.
The KT-73 transponder does not utilise the HPL but uses RAIM flags and as such is non-compliant to the
minimum standards described in this AC. This non-compliance results in the KT-73 having a lower ADS-B
service availability.
Table 10: Non-compliant ATC transponder and MMR/GPS receiver combinations not acceptable
for continued use
Transponder
manufacturer and
model
ACSS XS-950
Transponder
part number
7517800-1005/6
MMR/GPS receiver
MMR/GPS receiver
part number
Any
Does not use HPL for

calculation of NUC.
ACSS have a Service
bulletin to upgrade to
Mod A.
ACSS RCZ-852
Pre modification 'AT'
7510700-951 with product Any

software 7517419-108
Any
Litton LTN2001Mk1
465205-0302-0303
465205-0402-0303
Does not properly transmit 465205-0502-0304
HPL
Rockwell Collins
TDR-94/94D pre -108
Any
Rockwell advises that

ADS-B should be
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 31

Transponder
manufacturer and
model
Transponder
part number
MMR/GPS receiver
MMR/GPS receiver
part number
disabled for these

transponders by
grounding discrete input
P1-59
STPR901
822-1338-003
Any
Fitted to Boeing 747-400

generates incorrect
Flight ID with a trailing
'U' character. SB 503 is
available to rectify.
AC 21-45 v2.2
June 2015
Page 32

021 C 45

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Título original

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

021 C 45

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

ADVISORY CIRCULAR

v2.2 June 2015

AIRWORTHINESS APPROVAL OF AIRBORNE AUTOMATIC

Subpart 21.M authorised persons

For further information

AIRWORTHINESS APPROVAL OF AIRBORNE AUTOMATIC

Initial issue of this AC

The following changes have been made to the document:

The following changes have been made to the document:

AIRWORTHINESS APPROVAL OF AIRBORNE AUTOMATIC

ADS-B data sources (Essential)

Positional integrity data

ADS-B data sources (Desirable)

Design, Development and Approval of Aircraft Modifications

Legislative Basis for Acceptable Aircraft Configurations

Minimum Equipment List (MEL)

Foreign Based Operators

ADS-B 'Out' data

AIRWORTHINESS APPROVAL OF AIRBORNE AUTOMATIC

Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast

Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee

Aircraft Flight Manual

Aeronautical Radio, Inc

Air Traffic Control

Australian Technical Standard Order

Barometric sourced data

Civil Aviation Order

Civil Aviation Regulations 1988

Civil Aviation Safety Authority

Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998

European Aviation Safety Agency

EASA Technical Standard Order

European Organisation for Civil Aviation Equipment

Federal Aviation Administration of the United States of America

Fault Detection and Exclusion

Global Navigation Satellite System

Global Positioning System

Height Above Ellipsoid

Horizontal Figure of Merit

Horizontal Integrity Limit

Horizontal Protection Limit

International Civil Aviation Organization

Joint Aviation Authority of Europe

JAA Technical Standard Order

Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards

Minimum Equipment List

AIRWORTHINESS APPROVAL OF AIRBORNE AUTOMATIC

Multi Mode Receiver

Minimum Operational Performance Standards

Mean Sea Level

Navigation Accuracy Category

Navigation Accuracy Category for Position

Navigation Integrity Category

Navigation Uncertainty Category

Pilot Operating Handbook

Recreational Aviation Administration Organisation that is recognised by CASA

RTCA, Inc (formerly Radio Technical Committee for Aeronautics)

Surveillance Integrity Level

Special Position Identification

Secondary Surveillance Radar

FAA Technical Standard Order Authorisation

FAA Technical Standard Order

A function on an aircraft or vehicle that periodically broadcasts its state vector