Colegio Gimnasio

Campestre San Sebastin

NAME: __________________________________________ GRADE: SIXTH
PERIOD: FOURTH DATE: _____________ AREA: TRANSVERSAL PROJECT
TEACHER: JONATHAN PINZN H.

EXPL
ORATI
UNITED KINGDOM
ON

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known
as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is asovereign state in Europe. Lying off
the north-western coast of the European mainland, the country includes the island
of Great Britaina term also applied loosely to refer to the whole countrythe
north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands.[7] Northern
Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another state
(the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by
the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south
and the Celtic Sea to its south-southwest. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain
and Ireland. The UK has an area of 93,800 square miles (243,000 km2), making it
the 80th-larges sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe.

GEOGRAPHY

The United Kingdom, also called the U.K., consists of a group of islands off the
northwest coast of Europe. It is a unique country made up of four nations: England,
Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. England, Wales, and Scotland also make
up Great Britain.

Much of the north and west of the U.K. is covered in high ground, knife-edged
mountain ridges separated by deep valleys. This terrain was shaped in the last Ice
Age, when thick glaciers covered the land.

In the south of England, the countryside is mostly rolling hills.

In northwest England and the Scottish Highlands are dozens of lakes, called lochs.
These were left behind when the Ice Age glaciers melted. They tend to be long and
narrow, and some are very deep. Legends say that a giant monster called Nessie
lives in Loch Ness in Scotland.

FAST FACTS
OFFICIAL NAME: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland
FORM OF GOVERNMENT: Constitutional monarchy with
parliamentary government
CAPITAL: London
POPULATION: 63,742,977
OFFICIAL LANGUAGE: English
MONEY: Pound sterling
AREA: 93,635 square miles (242,514 square kilometers)
MAJOR RIVERS: Thames, Severn, Tyne

FLAG

GOVERNMENT & ECONOMY

Britain's system of government has developed over many
centuries. Kings once ruled with advice from a council of
religious leaders and nobles. This council eventually
expanded into the Parliament, which now passes all the
country's laws. Today, the monarch (which can be a king or
queen) has no real power.

The United Kingdom has been a leading trading nation for

more than 500 years. In the 19th century, British industry helped make the country
the most powerful nation in the world. It is still one of the strongest economies on
Earth.

NATURE
About 5,000 years ago, the center of the United Kingdom was covered with thick
forests. Thousands of years ago, these woodlands were cleared by ancient
farmers, and today only about 10 percent of the land is forest.
The United Kingdom's complex geology gives rise to a wide variety of landscapes
and a range of habitats for its animal and plant life. But it is a very crowded country,
and there are not many truly wild places left. The most successful wildlife species
are those that can live alongside people.
Great Britain's rugged mountains, like the Scottish Highlands, offer habitat that is
relatively untouched by humans. The country's 7,700 miles (12,429 kilometers) of
shoreline, ranging from tall cliffs to beaches to marshes, also provide homes for
wildlife such as seabirds and seals.

IMPORTANT PLACES

Stonehenge

Tower of London

Golden eye

Big Ben

PEOPLE & CULTURE

The British are the creation of waves of invaders and migrants, including Celts,
Romans, Anglo-Saxons, Vikings, and Normans. In the 1950s and 1960s, people
from former colonies in the Caribbean, Africa, and Asia came to the United
Kingdom to work.
Sports and literature are among the United Kingdom's cultural claims to fame.
Soccer, rugby, cricket, boxing, and golf were all invented in Britain. And the U.K.
has produced many great writers, including William Shakespeare, Charles
Dickens, and Robert Burns. J.K. Rowling, the writer of the Harry Potter books, is
British.

GEOGRAPHY
The United Kingdom, also called the U.K., consists of a group of islands off the
northwest coast of Europe. It is a unique country made up of four nations: England,
Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. England, Wales, and Scotland also make
up Great Britain.
Much of the north and west of the U.K. is covered in high ground, knife-edged
mountain ridges separated by deep valleys. This terrain was shaped in the last Ice
Age, when thick glaciers covered the land.
In the south of England, the countryside is mostly rolling hills.
In northwest England and the Scottish Highlands are dozens of lakes, called lochs.
These were left behind when the Ice Age glaciers melted. They tend to be long and
narrow, and some are very deep. Legends say that a giant monster called Nessie
lives in Loch Ness in Scotland.

POLITIC MAP

THE SOLAR SYSTEM

What Is The Solar System?

The Solar System is made up of all the planets that orbit our Sun. In addition to planets,
the Solar System also consists of moons, comets, asteroids, minor planets, and dust and
gas.
Everything in the Solar System orbits or revolves around the Sun. The Sun contains
around 98% of all the material in the Solar System. The larger an object is, the more
gravity it has. Because the Sun is so large, its powerful gravity attracts all the other objects
in the Solar System towards it. At the same time, these objects, which are moving very
rapidly, try to fly away from the Sun, outward into the emptiness of outer space. The result
of the planets trying to fly away, at the same time that the Sun is trying to pull them inward
is that they become trapped half-way in between. Balanced between flying towards the
Sun, and escaping into space, they spend eternity orbiting around their parent star.
How Did The Solar System form?
This is an important question, and one that is difficult for scientists to understand. After all,
the creation of our Solar System took place billions of years before there were any people
around to witness it. Our own evolution is tied closely to the evolution of the Solar System.
Thus, without understanding from where the Solar System came from, it is difficult to
comprehend
how
mankind
came
to
be.
Scientists believe that the Solar System evolved from a giant cloud of dust and gas. They
believe that this dust and gas began to collapse under the weight of its own gravity. As it
did so, the matter contained within this could begin moving in a giant circle, much like the
water in a drain moves around the center of the drain in a circle.
At the center of this spinning cloud, a small star began to form. This star grew larger and
larger as it collected more and more of the dust and gas that collapsed into it.
Further away from the center of this mass where the star was forming, there were smaller
clumps of dust and gas that were also collapsing. The star in the center eventually ignited
forming our Sun, while the smaller clumps became the planets, minor planets, moons,
comets, and asteroids.
A Great Storm
Once ignited, the Sun's powerful solar winds began to blow. These winds, which are made
up of atomic particles being blown outward from the Sun, slowly pushed the remaining gas
and dust out of the Solar System.
With no more gas or dust, the planets, minor planets, moons, comets, and asteroids
stopped growing. You may have noticed that the four inner planets are much smaller than
the
four
outer
planets.
Why
is
that?

Because the inner planets are much closer to the Sun, they are located where the solar
winds are stronger. As a result, the dust and gas from the inner Solar System was blown
away much more quickly than it was from the outer Solar System. This gave the planets of
the
inner
Solar
System
less
time
to
grow.
Another important difference is that the outer planets are largely made of gas and water,
while the inner planets are made up almost entirely of rock and dust. This is also a result of
the solar winds. As the outer planets grew larger, their gravity had time to accumulate
massive amounts of gas, water, as well as dust.
The Solar System Has Over 100 Worlds
It is true that there are only eight planets. However, the Solar System is made up of over
100 worlds that are every bit as fascinating. Some of these minor planets, and moons are
actually
larger
than
the
planet
Mercury!
Others, such as Io, have active volcanoes. Europa has a liquid water ocean, while Titan
has lakes, rivers, and oceans of liquid Methane. You can read more about these amazing
worlds by clicking here.

The Asteroid Belt, The Kuiper Belt, And The Oort Cloud
You have probably heard about the Asteroid Belt. This band of asteroids sits between the
orbits of the planets Jupiter and Mars. It is made up of thousands of objects too small to be
considered planets. Some of them no larger than a grain of dust, while others, like Eros
can be more than 100 miles across. A few, like Ida, even have their own moons.
Further out, beyond the orbit of the minor planet Pluto, sits another belt known as the
Kuiper Belt. Like the Asteroid Belt, the Kuiper Belt is also made up of thousands, possibly
even millions of objects too small to be considered planets. A few of these objects, like
Pluto, are large enough that their gravity has pulled them into a sphere shape.
These objects are made out of mostly frozen gas with small amounts of dust. They are
often called dirty snowballs. However, you probably know them by their other name...
comets.
Every once in a while one of these comets will be thrown off of its orbit in the Kuiper Belt
and hurled towards the inner Solar System where it slowly melts in a fantastic show of tail
and
light.
Beyond the Kuiper Belt sits a vast area known as the Oort Cloud. Here within this jumbled
disorganized cloud live millions of additional comets. These comets do not orbit the Sun in
a ring or belt. Instead, each one buzzes around in a completely random direction, and at
extremely high velocities.
Beyond The Oort Cloud
The Sun's solar winds continue pushing outward until they finally begin to mix into the
interstellar medium, becoming lost with the winds from other stars. This creates a sort of
bubble called the Heliosphere. Scientists define the boundaries of the Solar System as
being the border of the Heliosphere, or at the place where the solar winds from the Sun
mix
with
the
winds
from
other
stars.
The Heliosphere extends out from the Sun to a distance of about 15 billion miles, which is
more than 160 times further from the Sun than is the Earth.

INDIVI
DUAL
ACTIVI
TIES

GROU
P
ACTIV
ITY

HOME
ACTIV
ITY

Prepare an exposition about UK, follow the Teacher Instructions.

AUTOEVALUACION

ASPECTO A EVALUAR
No se me presento ninguna dificultad en el desarrollo de la gua.
Desarrolle las actividades en orden y con dedicacin.
Me sent a gusto en el desarrollo de las actividades colectivas.
Reforc y adquir nuevos conocimientos con las actividades
planeadas en la gua.

SI

NO