Escolar Documentos
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Virus
Paramyxovirdae
Paramyxoviridae
Paramyxovirnae
Paramyxovirus genus
Parainfluenza viruses 1 and 3
Rubulavirus genus
Mumps, Parainfluenza viruses 2 and 4
Morbillivirus genus
Measles Virus
Pneumovirinae
Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Paramyxovirus Structure
Paramyxovirus Genome
RNA
Single stranded
Negative polarity
Single segment
Paramyxovirus Attachment
Attachment Glycoproteins
Parainfluenzaviruses & Mumps Virus
HN (hemagglutinin/neuraminidase)
Receptor : sialic acid
Morbilliviruses (Measles)
H (hemagglutinin)
Receptor : CD46
Respiratory Syncytial Virus
G (glycoprotein)
Receptor : unknown
Paramyxovirus Penetration
F (fusion) glycoprotein
Penetration - direct fusion of virion envelope and
plasma membrane
F0 (precursor) - cleaved by cellular protease:
F0 > F1 + F2
F1 mediates fusion
Fusion of cells causes formation of syncytia (giant
multinucleated cells).
Because of fused cells, viruses are protected
against neutralizing antibody.
Paramyxovirus Replication
Occurs in the cytoplasm
Negative strand genome transcribed by virionassociated template
> mRNAs
> full-length positive strands (antigenome)
Full-length positive strands are templates for
progeny negative-strand genomes
Assembly of nucleocapsids in cytoplasm
Budding through the plasma membrane
Croup
Parainfluenzaviruses 1, 2, 3
Laryngotracheobronchitis
Typically occurs in children (usually
under 5 years)
Characteristic cough and wheezing due to
swelling of larynx
Yearly, winter
Clinical Disease:
Mumps
Caused by infection with Mumps Virus
Spread by close contact (saliva, aerosols)
Entry by Resp. Tract (?), replication in lymphoid
tissue, viremia
Approx. 18 - 21 day incubation, followed by
malaise, anorexia
Salivary gland infection, inflammation, swelling
(not all cases)
Males over 13 years may develop orchitis - painful
swelling of testicles
Mumps
RUBEOLA
(MEASLES)
Measles: Facts:
1. 7th most frequent cause of death worldwide!!!
2. 40 million infected annually
3. 2 million deaths 3rd world countries & nonvaccinated in USA!!! 1/3 of American babies
not vaccinated!!!
4. Highly contagious - 95% of people in a
household will become infected.
5. Immunocompromised people Defect in
Cellular immunity - at very high risk, also!!
Measles Pathogenesis
CCC-P
Measles - Rash
Measles - Rash
Measles Complications
Bronchitis
Depresses Cell Mediated Immunity
Bacterial superinfection
Acute encephalomyelitis (rare: 1/1000 cases)
Subacute sclerosing panencphalitis (very rare:
1/300,000 cases)
PIE:
postinfectious encephalomyelitis
Vaccines
MMR vaccine
Trivalent vaccine for Measles, Mumps and Rubella
Live attenuated vaccine
Subcutaneous administration
Laboratory Diagnosis:
Slide 9.45
Rubella Virus
(German or 3-Day Measles, )
1.
2.
Rash
develops
If
mother
sero neg.