The Chemistry of Life

Say Thanks to the Authors

Click http://www.ck12.org/saythanks
(No sign in required)

To access a customizable version of this book, as well as other

interactive content, visit www.ck12.org

CK-12 Foundation is a non-profit organization with a mission to

reduce the cost of textbook materials for the K-12 market both
in the U.S. and worldwide. Using an open-content, web-based
collaborative model termed the FlexBook, CK-12 intends to
pioneer the generation and distribution of high-quality educational
content that will serve both as core text as well as provide an
adaptive environment for learning, powered through the FlexBook
Platform.
Copyright 2014 CK-12 Foundation, www.ck12.org
The names CK-12 and CK12 and associated logos and the
terms FlexBook and FlexBook Platform (collectively
CK-12 Marks) are trademarks and service marks of CK-12
Foundation and are protected by federal, state, and international
laws.
Any form of reproduction of this book in any format or medium,
in whole or in sections must include the referral attribution link
http://www.ck12.org/saythanks (placed in a visible location) in
addition to the following terms.
Except as otherwise noted, all CK-12 Content (including CK-12
Curriculum Material) is made available to Users in accordance
with the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 3.0
Unported (CC BY-NC 3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/
licenses/by-nc/3.0/), as amended and updated by Creative Commons from time to time (the CC License), which is incorporated
herein by this reference.
Complete terms can be found at http://www.ck12.org/terms.
Printed: October 4, 2014

www.ck12.org

C HAPTER

Chapter 1. The Chemistry of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Chapter Test
Name___________________ Class______________ Date________
Multiple Choice
Circle the letter of the correct choice.
1. Which statement about atoms is false?
a.
b.
c.
d.

An atom is the smallest type of particle.

An atom consists of smaller particles.
An atom has the properties of an element.
none of the above

2. Which of the following chemical substances is a compound?

a.
b.
c.
d.

oxygen
water
iron
hydrogen

3. Organic compounds are

a.
b.
c.
d.

found mainly in living things.

needed for life processes.
made mostly of carbon.
all of the above

4. Sugar and starch are the type of organic compounds called

a.
b.
c.
d.

proteins.
lipids.
carbohydrates.
fats.

5. Which statement is true about saturated fatty acids?

a.
b.
c.
d.

They are found mainly in plants.

They have bent chains.
They are liquids at room temperature.
They have as many hydrogen atoms as possible.

6. The basic building blocks of proteins are

a.
b.
c.
d.

amino acids.
fatty acids.
nucleotides.
saccharides.

7. Nucleic acids carry the genetic code in the sequence of their

a. sugars.
b. phosphate groups.
1

www.ck12.org
c. nitrogen bases.
d. backbones.
8. Which chemical reactions require activation energy to occur?
a.
b.
c.
d.

only endothermic reactions

only exothermic reactions
all chemical reactions
only chemical reactions in living things

9. What ions determine the acidity of a solution?

a.
b.
c.
d.

H2 O
H3 O+
OH
H+

10. All of the following statements are true about bases, except:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Bases have a pH lower than 7.

Bases taste bitter.
Strong bases can be harmful.
Bases play important roles in living things.

True or False
Write true if the statement is true or false if the statement is false.
_______ 11. Organisms use carbohydrates and lipids to store energy.
_______ 12. Adenine always binds with guanine.
_______ 13. The primary structure of proteins is a double helix.
_______ 14. Proteins have many functions.
_______ 15. The burning of methane is an endothermic reaction.
_______ 16. Most of Earths water is found in lakes and large rivers.
_______ 17. A solution has the same composition throughout.
_______ 18. Bleach is an example of a strong acid.
_______ 19. Enzymes need acids and bases in order to work.
_______ 20. Water is involved in most biochemical reactions.
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank with the term that best completes the sentence.
21. A chemical ____________ is a force that holds together the atoms in a molecule.
22. A chemical ____________ is a process that changes some chemical substances into others.
23. A substance that starts a chemical reaction is a(n) ____________.
24. A substance that results from a chemical reaction is a(n) ____________.
25. Exothermic reactions in organisms are called ____________ reactions.
26. Endothermic reactions in organisms are called ____________ reactions.
27. A(n) ____________ is a protein that speeds up a biochemical reaction.
28. A difference in electrical charge between two parts of the same molecule is termed ____________.
29. The type of bond that forms between water molecules is a(n) ____________ bond.
2

www.ck12.org

Chapter 1. The Chemistry of Life

30. The pH of water is ____________.

Short Answer
Answer each question in the space provided.
31. Why is carbon essential to life on Earth?

32. Explain the importance of enzymes to living things.

33. Relate waters structure to its properties.