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Digital Logic Design

CSE-241
Unit 3
Fall 2015

Supply current, ICC & Supply

Voltage VCC
Every IC requires certain amount
of electrical power to operate.
This power is supplied by a supply
connected to the power pin of the
IC. This is known as VCC (for TTL)
and VDD (for CMOS). ICC can be
defined as the current drawn by
the IC from the power supply.
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Delay:
Rise time, tr
Fall time, tf .
Propagation delay tp.
The logic signal always experiences a delay in
going through a circuit. The two propagation delay
times are defined as
Propagation delay tpLH.
Propagation delay tpHL.

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Manufacturer Datasheets
A manufacturer datasheet for a logic gate contains the following
information:
General Description
Connection (pin-out) Diagram
Function Table
Operating Conditions
Electrical Characteristics
Switching Characteristics
Physical Dimensions
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General Description

http://images.schoolinsites.com/SiSFiles/School
s/TN/HamblenCounty/MorristownHighWest/Upl
oads/Presentations/IntroductionLogicDatasheet
s.ppt.

Connection Diagram

http://images.schoolinsites.com/SiSFiles/School
s/TN/HamblenCounty/MorristownHighWest/Upl
oads/Presentations/IntroductionLogicDatasheet
s.ppt.

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Function Table

http://images.schoolinsites.com/SiSFiles/School
s/TN/HamblenCounty/MorristownHighWest/Upl
oads/Presentations/IntroductionLogicDatasheet
s.ppt.

Recommended Operating Conditions

http://images.schoolinsites.com/SiSFiles/School
s/TN/HamblenCounty/MorristownHighWest/Upl
oads/Presentations/IntroductionLogicDatasheet
s.ppt.

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Electrical Characteristics

http://images.schoolinsites.com/SiSFiles/Schools/TN/HamblenCounty/MorristownHighWes
t/Uploads/Presentations/IntroductionLogicDatasheets.ppt.

Switching Characteristics

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Physical Dimensions

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s/Presentations/IntroductionLogicDatasheets.ppt.

Numbers Systems

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NUMBER SYSTEMS:
All the number systems used have three basic
1.

characteristics.
The most fundamental is the number of independent
digits or symbols used in the number system.
It is known as the radix or base of the number system. For
example decimal number system can be said to have a radix of 10
as it has 10 independent digits, i.e. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.
The radix of the number system also determines the other two
characteristics.

2.

3.

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The place values of different digits in the integer part r0,

r1, r2, r3 and so on. For the fractional part, these are r1,
r2, r3 and so on.
Maximum numbers that can be written with n digits in a
given number system are equal to rn.

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Decimal Numbers:
The decimal number system consists of ten digits

0-9.
To represent number greater than 9 then we add
1 to the next level and then start counting again
We keep doing so until we have exhausted all
possible 2 digits combinations i.e. till 99.
Hence we can conclude that the place values of
different digits in a mixed decimal number,
starting from the decimal point, are 100, 101, 102
and so on (for the integer part) and 101, 102,
103 and so on (for the fractional part).
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Decimal Numbers:
The value or magnitude of a given decimal number

can be expressed as the sum of the various digits

multiplied by their place values or weights as
illustrated in the figure below.

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Binary Number System:

The binary number system is a radix-2

number system with 0 and 1 as the two

independent digits.
The first 16 numbers in the binary number
system would be
0, 1, 10, 11, 100, 101, 110, 111, 1000, 1001,
1010, 1011, 1100, 1101, 1110 and 1111.
Starting from the binary point, the place
values of different digits in a mixed binary
number are 20, 21, 22 and so on (for the
integer part) and 21, 22, 23 and so on (for
the fractional part).
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Example:
010011112

= 0x27 + 1x26 + 0x25 + 0x24 + 1x23 +

1x22 + 1x21 + 1x20
64 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 7910

Notice that the weight doubles for

each positive power of two and that

the weight is halved for each negative
power of two.

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BINARY-TO-DECIMAL
CONVERSTION:
Conversion from binary to decimal 1001.0101:
The integer part = 1001
The decimal equivalent
= 1 20 + 0 21 + 0 22 + 1 23
= 1 + 0 + 0 + 8 =9
The fractional part = .0101
The decimal equivalent :
= 0 21 + 1 22 + 0 23 + 1 24
= 0 + 0.25 + 0 + 0.0625 = 0.3125
Therefore, the decimal equivalent of (1001.0101) 2
= 9.3125
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Example
Lets find the decimal conversion of the given binary number

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Example
Lets find the decimal conversion of the given binary number

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DECIMAL-TO-BINARY
CONVERSION:
There are two main procedures :
Sum-of-Weight Method:

.
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Repeated Division-by-2 Method:

A systematic method of converting whole

numbers from decimal to binary is the

repeated division-by-2 process.

The result is read from bottom to top

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Example:
Find the binary equivalent of the number
45
76

Using sum of weights method

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Example:
Find the binary equivalent of the number
45
76

Using sum of weights method

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Example:
Find the binary equivalent of the number
25

Using repeated division by 2

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Example:
Find the binary equivalent of the number
25

Using repeated division by 2

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Converting Decimal Fractions to

Binary:

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