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Alkenes
Each member contains one double covalent bond
between two C atoms.
Draw condensed structural formulas of first three
members of alkenes family.
Properties
Non-polar compounds - soluble in non-polar solvents
Gasses, liquids and solids
More reactive than alkanes, thanks to double bond
Naming Alkenes
Naming:
# of C
Root
Eth-
Ethene
Prop-
Propene
But-
1-butene
Pent-
1-pentene
Hex-
Hept-
Oct-
Non-
10
Dec-
Name
(Root + ene)
# of C
Root
Eth-
Ethene
CH2 = CH2
Prop-
Propene
CH3 - CH = CH2
But-
1-butene
Pent-
1-pentene
Hex-
1-hexene
Hept-
1-heptene
Oct-
1-octene
Non-
1-nonene
10
Dec-
1-decene
Isomers
Branched differently (similar to alkanes) chain isomerism
Naming Alkenes
Step 1: Identify the longest continuous chain
that contains the double bond.
CH2= C CH2 CH2 CH3
I
CH2
I
CH3
B) CH2 CH = CH CH2
l
l
F
Cl
Sample Problem 1
1. CH3 CH = CH CH2 CH2 CH3
2.
3.
CH3
CH2 CH2 CH3
Sample Problem 2
1.
2.
3.
CH3 CH CH CH CH = C CH3
l
l
l
Br Cl
Cl
CH2 CH2 CH2 I
4.
CH3 CH2
F
l
I
CH3 CH CH CH C = C CH3
CH3 F
CH2 CH2 CH3
Trans-Isomers
Cis-Isomers
Sample Problems 3
cis-3-heptene
trans-4-octene
cis-1,2-dichloroethene
It is not cis-trans isomer (propene)
Drawing Alkenes
Step 1: Identify the main chain and draw it as
skeletal structure.
Step 2: Number it. (Make sure that the double
bond is at the right spot.)
Step 3: Identify all substituents and attach them
to the parent chain.
Step 4: Fill in hydrogen atoms. (Remember to
count to four)
Sample Problems 4
Draw the following
1.
2.
3.
4.
4-methyl-2-pentene
3-ethyl-2,4-dimethyl-6-propyl-1-nonene
2,4-dichloro-3,3-dimethyl-1-butene
2-methylpropene *Why is there no number to
state the location of this double bond?