Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Department of Education
PUBLIC TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOLS
Module No.:
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Copyright Department of Education 2008
First Published JUNE 2008
This draft was prepared during the Competency-Based Learning Materials
Development Workshop conducted at the Marikina Hotel, Marikina City on
February 18-22, 2008 and finalized on May 23-25, 2008 at the Development
Academy of the Philippines (DAP), Tagaytay City.
This learning instrument was developed by the following personnel:
Technology Teacher:
Mr. Lyndon L. Catequista
Marcelo I. Cabrera Vocational High School
San Aquilino, Roxas, Oriental Mindoro
Contextual Teacher:
Ms. Gina C. delos Santos
A.F.G. Bernardino Memorial Trade School
Lias, Marilao, Bulacan
Facilitators:
Dr. Corazon Echano
TechVoc Task Force
Encoder:
Mr. Lemuel C. Valles
Administrative Officer II
Educational Information Division
Fund: Department of Education
REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
1. Azares, Efren F. and Recana, Cirilo B. Practical Electricity III; Adriana
Publishing: 1999.
2. Agpaoa, Feleciano. Interior and Exterior Wiring Troubleshooting; National
Bookstore: 1991.
3. Fajardo, Max B. and Fajardo, Leo R. Electrical Layouts and Estimates. 2nd
Edition.
4. Cardenas, Elpidio J. Fundamental and Elements of Electricity.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
How to Use this Module ......................................................................................... i
Introduction .......................................................................................................... ii
Technical Terms................................................................................................... iii
Learning Outcome 1: Apply relevant electrical theories and principles 1
Learning Experiences/Activities .................................................................. 2
Information Sheet 1.1 ................................................................................. 3
Self-Check 1.1............................................................................................. 6
Activity Sheet 1.1 ........................................................................................ 8
Learning Outcome 2: Identify sources of electricity .....................10
Learning Experiences/Activities ................................................................ 11
Information Sheet 2.1 ............................................................................... 12
Self-Check 2.1........................................................................................... 16
Activity Sheet 2.1 ...................................................................................... 18
Learning Outcome 3: Perform taps, splices and joints on electrical
conductors.................... 19
Learning Experiences/Activities ................................................................ 20
Information Sheet 3.1 ............................................................................... 22
Self-Check 3.1........................................................................................... 26
Operation Sheet 3.1 .................................................................................. 27
Operation Sheet 3.2 .................................................................................. 28
Job Sheet 3.1 ............................................................................................ 30
Learning Outcome 4: Connect electrical circuit ..32
Learning Experiences/Activities ................................................................ 33
Information Sheet 4.1 ............................................................................... 34
Self-Check 4.1........................................................................................... 36
Information Sheet 4.2 ............................................................................... 37
Self-Check 4.2........................................................................................... 38
Activity Sheet 4.1 ...................................................................................... 39
Activity Sheet 4.2 ...................................................................................... 41
Learning Outcome 5: Identify resistor .......43
Learning Experiences/Activities ................................................................ 44
Information Sheet 5.1 ............................................................................... 45
Self-Check 5.1........................................................................................... 51
Activity Sheet 5.1 ...................................................................................... 52
Job Sheet 5.1 ............................................................................................ 53
Learning Outcome 6: Identify capacitors and convert capacitor value....56
Learning Experiences/Activities ................................................................ 57
Information Sheet 6.1 ............................................................................... 58
Self-Check 6.1........................................................................................... 62
Activity Sheet 6.1 ...................................................................................... 63
Answer Key 1.1 ................................................................................................... 64
Answer Key 2.1 ................................................................................................... 65
Answer Key 3.1 ................................................................................................... 67
Answer Key 4.1 ................................................................................................... 68
Answer Key 4.2 ................................................................................................... 69
Answer Key 5.1 ................................................................................................... 70
Answer Key 6.1 ................................................................................................... 71
Program/Course:
Unit of Competency:
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTICITY
Module Title:
Basic Electricity
INTRODUCTION:
This module contains information and suggested learning activities on the
fundamental and elements of electricity. It includes instruction and procedure
on basic electricity.
This module consists of six (6) learning outcomes. Each learning outcome
contains learning activities supported by instruction sheets. Before you perform
the instruction sheets, read the information sheets and answer the self-check
and activities provided to ascertain to yourself and your teacher. He /she will
check if you have acquired the knowledge necessary to perform the skill portion
of the particular learning outcome.
Upon completing this module, report to your teacher to assess your
performance. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate of
completion.
SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of the module, you should be able to:
LO 1.
LO 2.
LO 3.
LO 4.
LO 5.
LO 6.
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
Refer to the assessment criteria of learning outcomes # 1-4 of this module.
PREREQUISITE:
None
ii
TECHNICAL TERMS
Ampere is the standard unit used in measuring the strength of an electric
current.
Atom is the smallest particle of molecule in which an element can be divided.
Current is the flow or the rate of the flow of electric force in a conductor.
Electricity is a form of energy generated by friction, induction or chemical
change.
Electron has a magnetic, chemical and radiant effect. It is also the negatively
charged particle of an atom.
Joint is a process whereby one length of wire is connected or tapped together.
Neutron is the particle of an atom which do not carry electrically charged.
Nick is a slight cut on wire.
Ohms is the unit of electrical resistance.
Power is the rate at which heat is generated.
Proton is the positively charged particle of an atom.
Resistance is the opposition to the flow of current.
Skinning /Stripping is a process of removing wire insulation.
Solder is a fusible metal or alloy used for joining metallic surfaces or margins
Splice is termed straight joint; a series connection of a pair of conductor or
cables.
Taping is the method of insulating conductor joints.
Taps is the connection of one wire to some along the run of another wire
Volt is the unit of measure for voltage.
Voltage is the electrical pressure that causes the electrons to move through a
conductor.
Wire stripper is a tool used to cut and remove wire insulation from wire.
iii
Program/Course:
Unit of Competency:
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTICITY
Module Title:
Basic Electricity
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome 1: Apply relevant electrical theories and principles
Learning Activities
Special Instruction
Electron
Nucleus
Electron
Electron force
holds the
electron orbit.
Nucleus
Electron
Nucleus
Proton
The structure of neutrons in the atoms showing the position of its proton,
electron, nucleus and neutron is shown below.
SELF-CHECK 1.1
Directions: Read the following sentences carefully. Write the letter of
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
I.
D. neutralize
II.
D. atom
Directions: Read each question below then, choose the correct answer.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
neutron
atom
molecule
occupies space
has weight
III.
A-Electron
D-proton
B-neutron
E-nucleus
C-proton
F-electrostatic force
Comb
Small pieces of paper
Dry woolen cloth
Ballon
Wall
Dry fine sand
Working Drawing
COMB
BALLON
Procedure
1. Put the tip of your comb near the small pieces of paper. What happened?
2. Rub your comb briskly with a dry woolen cloth.
3. Put again the tip of your comb towards some tiny pieces of paper. What happened
to the tiny pieces of paper? Compare your observation with the second step.
4. Rub the inflated balloon with the woolen cloth.
5. Put the balloon against the wall. Why did the balloon stick on the wall? Do you
think the same will happen without rubbing the balloon?
6. Rub the balloon with the woolen cloth again.
7. Hold the balloon over very dry fine sand. What happened to the sand as you
brought the balloon near to it? What kind of electricity was produced when you
rubbed two materials of different kind?
Observation
Steps
Remarks / Comments
First Step
Second Step
Third Step
Forth step
Fifth step
Sixth step
Seventh step
Program/Course:
Unit of Competency:
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICITY
Module Title:
Basic Electricity
10
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome 2: Identify sources of electricity
Learning Activities
Special Instruction
11
12
Sources of electricity
1. Friction
2. Chemical action
3. Heat action
4. Light action
5. Pressure
13
14
US, thermal power plant in Asia, or power station in UK). The most common
source of energy is fossil fuel. Fossil fuels include coal, oil, and natural gas.
Fossil fuel is formed from the remains of plant and animals which live
thousands of years ago. The burning of those fossil fuel provides energy which
can be used to generate electricity.
z
15
SELF-CHECK 2.1
I. Directions: Match Column A with Column B. Write your answer on a separate
answer sheet.
A
1. Friction
a.
2. Chemical action
3. Heat action
b.
c.
4. Light action
5. Prezo-electricity
6. Mechanical
action
7. Magnet
d.
e.
f.
8. Magnetic
induction
9. Thermoelectricity
10. Pressure
B
two metals bounded together in junction by
thermocouple process
electricity produced by rotating machine
electricity generated by rubbing two
materials
electricity produced by batteries
a process of photo-electricity
an action of squeezing or stretching crystal
II. Direction: From the given words below, choose the correct word that will
complete the sentence. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
fossils fuels
nuclear energy
geothermal
biomass energy
tidal energy
solar energy
16
III. Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in
your notebook.
1. The following are the sources of energy except:
A. sun
B. nuclear reaction
C. fossil fuel
D. transformer
D. wind energy
D. tidal energy
17
Nuclear power
Hydroelectric power
18
Geothermal power
Solar power
19
Program/Course:
Unit of Competency:
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTICITY
Module Title:
Basic Electricity
20
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome 3: Perform taps, splices and joints on electrical
conductors
Learning Activities
1. Read the attached Information
Sheet 3.1 about splices and joints.
Special Instructions
21
End turns
Twists
Cross
Western Union Short tie splice To make the splice, the wires are first
skinned
Tape
22
for about 3 inches at the ends. They are then placed in crossed position about
1 inch from the insulation. Four or five short turns are then wrapped on each
side of the longest twist, and the free ends cut off and squeezed down closed to
the straight position of the wire so that they will not extend over the surface of
the short turns and permit the sharp to cut through the tape with the splice to
be wrapped.
Western Union Long Tie Splice is used
extensively for outside wiring and is quite
similar to the short tie splice. It is also being
used for interior wiring. The difference is that
a number of long twist are made before
wrapping the end turns. This is done so to
withstand greater stress of pressure on the
wire. The wire for this splice are bared about
4 inches. They are then placed in the form
of an X at a point midway between the insulation and the end of the base wire.
Five or six long twists are then made and each side those turns are wrapped.
23
The bared wire is then filed to a wedge shape starting about inch from
the insulations. A piece of No. 18 bare copper wire is cut to about 5 ft. in
length and prepared by cleaning and bending in half.
The two file sides of the conductors are then laid together and wrapping
wire wound around them as similarly done in Britannia Splice. The wrapping is
completed by winding about six and seven turns of the free ends around the
unfilled portion of the conductor.
24
over the insulation of the tap and main wire. The tap wire is bent and hooked
over the main wire and brought forward and bent over itself. Lastly, the
remaining portion is wound into four or five short turns around the main wire.
Wrapped Tap, Tee Joint is used on large
solid conductors where is difficult to wrap the
heavy tap wire around the main wire. When a
No. 6 AGW wire is used, both the main wire and
the tap wire are skinned about 4 inches. The tap
wire is bent into an L shape about inches
from the insulation so that it will rest along the
side of the main wire. A wrapping wire is then
prepared using size No. 18 bare conductors terminating beyond the bent of tap
wire and up to the installation of the main conductor.
Ordinary Cable Tap or Tee Joint is
used where large stranded wire or
cables are tapped to a through
conductor. To make the joint, the
main strands should be scraped
through with a knife blade or
sandpaper. The tap wire of similar wire size cable should be skinned about 6
inches distance and the strands separated or fanned each strands of the tap
into the shape. The main cable is placed into this V-shaped space and forced
down to within 1 inch from the insulation of the tap conductor. One group of
tap wires is then wound around the main conductor, each strands should be
placed parallel to the other, and all wrapped at the same time and in one
direction. The other group is wound in similar manner but in opposite
directions.
Split Cable Tap or Tee Joint is
used where stranded cables or wire
are tapped to a through conductor.
This joint is stronger than the
ordinary cable tap and will not
unwrap even though a strain is
placed upon it prior soldering. To
make this joint, the main wire is skinned a distance of 5 inches No. 14
American Wire Gauge (AWG) wire size is used and the strands thoroughly
scraped as for the ordinary cable tap. The strands are next divided in half by
forcing the screw driver through the center of the bared portion of the main
wire. The tap wire is prepared by skinning it about 6 inches, scraping each
strand until thoroughly cleaned and fanning out the strands so that they can
be pushed around the space in the main wire. A space about 1 inch should
be left between the main wire and the insulation of the tap wire. In completing
25
the joint, one group is wound around the main conductor, in one direction; and
the second group is wound in the opposite direction.
26
SELF-CHECK 3.1
I. Direction: Label the following splices and joints. Write your answer on a
separate answer sheet.
II. Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer in your notebook.
1. It is the method of removing insulation from electrical conductor.
A. Pulling
B. Grabbing
C. Skinning
D. Gripping
2. What should be done to an insulator from conductor before splicing
or joining the wire?
A. Pull
B. Remove
C. Grab
D. Grip
3. What should be the next procedure after removing an insulator from
conductor for soldering a wire?
A. Clean
B. Twist
C. Rub
D. Scrub
27
Wire conductor
- stranded # 14 or 12 (2m)
- solid # 14 or 12 (2m)
Procedures
1. Using a wire stripper:
a. Assume the proper length of insulation to be removed then place the
wire end at the jaw of the wire stripper.
b. Grip the handle with minimum pressure.
c. Pull the wire or the stripper side ward until such time that the wire
and the insulator are separated.
2. Using side cutting pliers.
a. Place the wire to be stripped between the handle grips close behind the
gutter/plier hidge.
b. Squeeze the insulator enough to soften it and break down.
- Check the wire if there is a nick. (Note: Nick will cause the wire to
break easily).
3. Cleaning the wire.
- Scrape the wire.
4. Perform good housekeeping.
28
Assessment Criteria:
The students will be evaluated based on the following:
Criteria
SKINNING
No nick of wire
Cleaning of wire
WORKMANSHIP
Execution of using tool
Cutting
SPEED
Before allotted time
Within allotted time
After allotted time
SAFETY
Use appropriate PPE
Use PPE but not appropriate
No PPE
USE OF TOOLS
Use tool properly all the time
Use tools properly most of the time
Use tools properly sometime
Improper use of tools
TOTAL
Points
Allotted
20 pts.
10
10
10 pts.
5
5
10 pts.
5
3
2
Gained
5 pts.
3
2
0
5 pts.
2
2
1
0
50 pts.
29
Wire conductor
- stranded # 14 or 12 (2m)
- solid # 14 or 12 (2m)
Procedure
1. Prepare the necessary tools, materials and equipment.
2. Wear the appropriate PPE.
3. Skin the electrical wire to be spliced and joined, following the procedure on
skinning the electrical wire. (Note: Check the wire if there is a nick. Should be
very careful in removing wire insulation in order that the wire will not be
nicked by the knife or pliers to prevent from breaking)
4. Splice and joint the wires.
5. Do 10 types of wire splices and joints. Follow procedure on the information
sheet.
30
Assessment Criteria
The students will be evaluated based on the following:
Criteria
PROPER SPLICE AND JOINT OF WIRE
Procedure follow
Firmness of twisted or wound wire
WORKMANSHIP
Execution of using tool
Cutting
SPEED
Before allotted time
Within allotted time
After allotted time
Points
Allotted
20 pts
10
10
10 pts.
5
5
10 pts.
5
3
2
SAFETY
Use appropriate PPE
Use PPE but not appropriate
No PPE
5 pts.
3
2
0
USE OF TOOLS
Use tool properly all the time
Use tools properly most of the time
Use tools properly sometime
Improper use of tools
TOTAL
5 pts.
2
2
1
0
100%
Gained
.
31
Program/Course:
Unit of Competency:
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICITY
Module Title:
Basic Electricity
32
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome 4: Connect electrical circuit
Learning Activities
Special Instructions
33
Electrical path
source of power
Switch
Parts of complete circuit
Types of circuit
1. Series Circuit. In a series circuit, many bulbs are wired one after the other,
so that when one of the bulb is busted, all will not light up. The reason is
that the current cannot pass through the bulb because of the filament is cut.
So there is no continuity for current in order to go back to the power source.
In a series connection, electricity flows through each electrical device. You
have to observe that the two bulbs connected in series would light more
brightly than if there were three bulbs in the circuit. The brightness of the
light depends on the amount flowing in each device.
B1
B2
Source
of Power
B3
Switch
Series circuit
34
2. Parallel Circuit. This is the circuit whereby two or more bulbs are wired with
each bulb having its own circuit. This means that if one is busted, the other
bulb will still light up because current passes separately in each circuit. In a
parallel circuit, the electric current flows and only a part of the total current
in the circuit goes through each bulb. Each bulb has a circuit of its own with
the battery so the electric current flowing through each bulb moves in a
different path in the circuit.
B1
B2
B3
35
SELF-CHECK 4.1
I. Directions: Match Column A with Column B. Write only the letter on a
separate answer sheet.
A
1. Switch
2.
3.
4.
5.
Source of power
Conductor
Load
Series circuit
connection
B
a. current cannot pass through the bulb when
the other filament of the bulb is cut
b. caused the load to light up
c. consumes power
d. electrical path
e. bulb has its own circuit
f. control the circuit
II. Directions: Tell whether the following idea refer to a series or parallel circuit.
Write S if the answer is series and P if it is parallel on a
separate sheet of paper.
1.
2.
3.
4.
The total current is the sum of all the current in each circuit.
The current throughout the circuit is the same.
The voltage is the same in all the circuits.
The total resistance in the circuit is the sum of all individual
resistances.
5. The total voltage in the circuit is equal to the sum of the individual
voltages.
36
Unit of measure
Volt
Ampere
Ohms
Watt
Symbol
E or V
I
R or
W
Formula
E= I x R
I=E/R
R=E/R
P=ExI
37
SELF-CHECK 4.2
Direction: Find the missing quantity for each of the circuits below.
1.
I=2A
V=?
I=2A
2.
R=?
20V
3.
R=5
I=?
10V
I=500A
4.
R=?
100V
5.
6.
R=10
I=0.4A
V=?
25
I=?
50V
38
Tool
Pliers
Screw drivers
Working Drawing
Procedure
1. Construct an electrical circuit and connect two bulbs in series.
circuit and observe the brightness of the light.
Close the
39
2. Add one more bulb in the set up. Describe the change in the brightness of
the bulb. In which setup do the bulbs light more brightly?
3. Unscrew one of the bulbs and close the circuit. Observe what happens.
4. Trace the flow of the electric current. How are the bulbs arranged in a series
circuit?
Observation
Steps
Remarks / Comments
First Step
Second Step
Third Step
Forth step
40
Tool
Pliers
Screw drivers
Working Drawing
Procedure
1. Connect two sockets with bulbs to a dry cell. Observe the brightness of their
lights.
2. Add one more bulb in the setup. Observe the brightness of their light. Does
the adding a bulb in the setup affect the brightness of the bulb?
41
Remarks / Comments
First Step
Second Step
Third Step
Forth step
Fifth step
42
Program/Course:
Unit of Competency:
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICITY
Module Title:
Basic Electricity
43
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome 5: Identify resistor value
Learning Activities
Special Instructions
44
Types of resistors
1. Carbon Composition is
made either by hot or cold
molding from mixtures of carbon
and clay binder. Its resistive
value ranges from 10 ohms to
mega ohms, in power ranges
from 1/8 to 4 watts. It has the
ability
to
withstand
higher
current surges and ruggedness.
This type is as well popular. It
is made from a mixture of carbon
powder and glue-like binder. To
increase the resistance, less
carbon is added. These resistors
show predictable performance, low inductance, and low capacitance. Power
ratings range from about 1/4 to 2 W. Resistances range from 1 Ohm to about
100 MOhm, with tolerances around +/- 5 percent.
45
46
47
48
4. Determine the resistor value of a carbon composition resistor using the color
code.
49
5. Determine the resistance reading of a carbon-type using the EIA color code.
50
SELF-CHECK 5.1
Directions: Identify the following. Write the answer on your paper.
1. It is made from carbon graphite, mixed with
powdered insulating material.
2. It is highly resistive wire wrapped around insulating
core.
3. It is made either by hot or cold molding from
mixtures of carbon and clay binder.
4. It is formed by means of vacuum decomposition, a
process by which a number of different metal or
metal oxide film are deposited on a suitable
insulating mandrel or core.
5. It is a device that limits or resists the current.
51
52
4. What is the resistance value of a carbon resistor coded BLUE, GRAY, RED
and GOLD as illustrated below?
53
54
10 different resistors
Procedure
Read the equivalent of the first, second, third and fourth color band, tolerance and
its coded value that correspond on the table.
RESISTOR
No.
FIRST
COLOR
SECOND
COLOR
THIRD
COLOR
FOURTH
COLOR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Assessment Criteria
Score
Remarks
10
8-9
6-7
1-5
Excellent
Very satisfactory
Satisfactory
Fair
55
Program/Course:
Unit of Competency:
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICITY
Module Title:
Basic Electricity
56
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome 6: Identify capacitor and convert capacitor value
Learning Activities
Special Instruction
57
58
59
CAPACITOR READING
60
Examples:
1.
3,200 picofarad 5%
= 0.0032
microfarad 5%
2.
= 0.00038
microfarad 10%
3.
460,000 picofarad
= 0.46 microfarad
4.
2,000 picofarad
= 2,000K
5.
22,000 picofarad
= 0.022
microfarad
61
SELF-CHECK 6.1
Direction: Identify the following. Write your answer on your paper.
1. What type of capacitor is not constructed as coil,
suited for use in high frequency applications?
2. What type of capacitor is an extremely accurate
device with very low leakage currents?
3. What device can store energy in the electric field?
4. What type of capacitor is made of electrolyte?
5. What type of capacitor uses a thin polyester film as
a dielectric?
62
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
63
each other.
C. destroy
D. neutralize
D.
D. atom
II. Directions: Read each question, then choose the correct answer in the box
below. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What is the nature of matter? HAS WEIGHT
2. How will you prove that electricity is a matter? OCCUPIES SPACE
3. What is molecule made up? ATOM
4. What is the neutral particle of an atom? NEUTRON
III. Directions: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct
answer in the box below. Write your answer on a separate
answer sheet.
1. What is found at the center body of an atom? NUCLEUS
2. What do you call the attraction between the nucleus and the electron?
ELECTROSTATIC FORCE
3. What is the positively charged particle of an atom? PROTON
4. What is the negatively charged particle of an atom? ELECTRON
5. What particle of an atom which is not electrically charged? NEUTRON
64
1. Friction
d
j
2. Chemical action
3. Heat action
e
f
4. Light action
5. Prezo-electricity
6. Mechanical
action
7. Magnet
b
h
g
8. Magnetic
induction
9. Thermoelectricity
10. Pressure
B
a. two metals bounded together in junction
by thermocouple process
b. electricity produced by rotating machine
c. electricity generated by rubbing two
materials
d. electricity produced by batteries
e. a process of photo-electricity
f. an action of squeezing or stretching crystal
g. imaginary lines along which the attraction
or repulsion of a magnet act
h. a body having the property of polarity and
of attraction and repulsion found in the
nature.
i. Potential difference appears across the
faces of quartz when squeezed
j. electricity generated by heat action.
II. Direction: From the given words below, choose the correct word that would
complete the sentence. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
fossils fuels
nuclear energy
Solar energy
Tidal energy
Geothermal
Nuclear energy
Fossil fuels
geothermal
biomass energy
tidal energy
solar energy
65
III. Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on
your notebook.
D
A
D. transformer
D. wind energy
D. tidal energy
66
BRITANNIA
RAT TAIL
WRAPPED TAP
KNOTTED OR LOOP
II. Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer o your notebook.
C
67
1. Switch
b
d
c
a
2.
3.
4.
5.
Source of power
Conductor
Load
Series circuit
connection
B
a. current cannot pass through the bulb when
the other filament of the bulb is cut
b. caused the load to light up
c. consumes power
d. electrical path
e. bulb has its own circuit
f. control the circuit
II.
P
S
P
S
1.
2.
3.
4.
The total current is the sum of all the current in each circuit.
The current throughout the circuit is the same.
The voltage is the same in all the circuits.
The total resistance in the circuit is the sum of all individual
resistances.
5. The total voltage in the circuit is equal to the sum of the individual
voltages.
68
I=2A
V=10
I=2A
2.
R=10
20V
3.
R=5
I=2
10V
I=500A
4.
R=.2
100V
5.
6.
R=10
I=0.4A
V=4.4
25
I=2
50V
69
WIRE WOUND
CARBON
COMPOSITION
METAL FILM
RESISTOR
70
MICA
CAPACITOR
ELECTROLYTIC
POLYESTER FILM
71