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Publishedon7/18/201502:27:00PM
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OSIModelisanimportanttopicforcomputerawarenesssectionofbankingexams.Today
Iamgoingtoexplainthisconceptinsimplelanguage.
OSI
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OSIstandsforOpenSystemInterconnectionModel(OSIModel).
Itusetotransferdataoveranetworkwhichmovesthroughdifferentlayer.
Ithas7layerwhichdividedintotwolevel:upperorhost&lowerormedialevel
datamovesthroughdifferentstageslike(inascendingorder)
bits,frames,packets,segments.
WorkingofOSI
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1. Physicallayer:
Preparethephysicaldevicesenablingdevicesfortransmissionofdataanddata
isreceived.
Itisresponsibleforestablishandterminationofconnectionbetweentwonodes
overanetwork.
Itdefinesthemediumoftransmissionofdatalike:simple(oneway
transmission,egt.v),halfduplex(twowaytransmissionbutpartially,eg:walki
talki),fullduplex(Twowaytransmissionofdata,eg:mobileorphone)
2.DatalinkLayer:
Itprovidespermissiontodevicesforgainaccesstodata.Itcontrollingdevices
overanetwrork.
DataissenttoNetworklayerintheformofpacketsanditisresponsible
tocontrolserrorcheckingandpacketsynchronization.
3.Networklayer:
Inanetworkeachnode(computer)hasauniqueaddressherenetworklayeris
responsibleforlettingthedatatoitsdestinationaddressornode.
Itsplitsthedataormessageintoseveralfragments,deliveringeachfragmentby
aseparaterouteandreassemblingthefragments,reportdeliveryerrors,etc.(like
phonecallswhichyoumade,firstitsoundslikebeepthatisasecondwhichit
taketoyoutoconnectwithavailableline.)
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4.Transportlayer:
Itmanagesconnectionandhandleerrorswhiledeliveringofdataormessage
overanetwork.
Featurename
TP0
TP1
TP2
TP3
Connectionorientednetwork
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Connectionlessnetwork
No
No
No
Yes
Concatenationandseparation
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Segmentationandreassembly
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Errorrecovery
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Reinitiateconnection(a)
No
Yes
No
No
Multiplexing/demultiplexingoversinglevirtualcircuit
No
No
Yes
Yes
Explicitflowcontrol
No
No
Yes
Yes
Retransmissionontimeout
No
No
No
Yes
Reliabletransportservice
No
Yes
No
Yes
(a)IfanexcessivenumberofPDUsareunacknowledged.
5.Sessionlayer:
Itstarts,managesandstoptheconnectionbetweennodes.
Itprovidescheckpointing,adjournment,termination,andrestartprocedures.
6.Presentationlayer:
Itencryptthemessageordataandprovidetoapplicationlayer.
7.Applicationlayer:
Itinteractwithsoftware.
SomeexampleofApplicationlayer:WebBrowser,Mails
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