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Prestressed Concrete

Dr. Zaher Abou Saleh

Welcometo Prestressed ConcreteCVLE 525


Lecture 1 Introduction
Lecture1Introduction

General Information
 Instructor
Dr. Zaher Abou Saleh
 Office: 1st Floor, Eng. BLDG, Room F115
 Phone: 3433
 Email: z.abousaleh@bau.edu.lb

 Class Locations
Lecture: G1-B142, G2-B 200-2

 Class Time
 TTH: 8:00 - 9:30, 9:30 -11:00


TEXTBOOKS
Prestressed Concrete: A Fundamental Approach, 5th Edition
Edward G. Nawy, Prentice Hall, 2012.
Prestressed Concrete Analsis and Design, 2nd Edition,
A. Naaman,TECHNO Press 3000, 2004
Post-Tensioning Manual, 6th Edition, Post-Tensioning Institute PTI
McGraw-Hill Intern. Editions, 6th Edition 2006
Standarspecifications for highway bridges, 17th Edition, AASHTO
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Official
Wanshington D.C, 2002.
Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete,
ACI318-08, American Concrete Institute, 2005.

LearningOutcomes
Students will know the concept of prestressed concrete, the materials of
prestressing and the methods of prestressing.

1) Students will know the concept of prestressed concrete,


Students will know the main differences between the conventional reinforced
the
materials
of prestressing
and the
methods of prestressing.
concrete
design and
the prestressed concrete
design.
Students will know the main differences between the conventional reinforced concrete design and the prestressed concrete design.

Students will demonstrate the ability to classify the cases of loadings and the load
combinations into time dependent phases, and to determinate the permissible
stresses for the different phases.
Students will demonstrate the ability to determine the loss in prestress forces as
lump sum, or to as components of instantaneous and time losses. They will also
demonstrate the ability to use the numerical analysis software for the design of
prestressed concrete elements taking into consideration the prestress losses.
Students will demonstrate the ability to apply the fundamental principles of
prestressed concrete analysis and design of statically determinate elements
subjected to flexural moments, using both analytical and graphical methods

Content
1. Principal and Method of Prestressing
Introduction
Basic Concept Method
Prestressing Systems: Pre-tensioning and Post-tensioning
Particular Prestressing Techniques:: External Prestressing and Stage
Prestressing
Prestressed versus Reinforced Concrete
2. Prestressing Materials
Prestressing Steel: Types of Prestressing Tendons, Stress-Strain
Properties, Relaxation
Concrete: High Strength Concrete, Initial compressive strength,
Modulus of Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage Effects
Anchorage and Jacking Systems
3. Computation of Prestress Losses
Sources of Loss of Prestress
Losses due to Friction
Elastic Shortening of Concrete
Anchorage Seating Losses
Steel Stress Relaxation
Shrinkage Loss
Creep Loss

mns

4. Flexural Analysis and Design


Notations for Flexural
Loading Stages
Maximum Permissible stresses
Mathematical Basis for Flexural: Stress Inequality Conditions
Use of Stress inequalities Conditions for the design of sections:
Analytical and Graphical solutions
Limiting the Eccentricity Along the Span: Limit Kern Versus
Central Kern, Steel Envelop and Limit Zone

Conduct of Course
1. Assignments-Projects

20 %

2.Two One Hour Quizzes

40 %

3. Final Exam

40 %

Grading Policy
Final Score

Grade

100 - 95

94 - 90

A-

89 - 85

B+

84 - 80

77 -79

B-

73 - 76

C+

72 - 70

69-65

C-

64 - 60

59 - 0

WARNINGS !!!
1) Participation expected, check 80%
2) Study in groups but submit work on your own
3) No Copying of Project
4) Submit Project at the right place and time
5) Late Project with penalty 30%
6) No make up quizzes or exams

n Prestressed Concrete Design


INTRODUCTION
 Introduction to Prestressed Concrete
 Basic Concept of Prestressed Concrete
 The History of Prestressed Concrete
 Prestressed Applications
BEIRUT ARAB UNIVERSITY
Presressed Concrete Design

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


ZAHER ABOU SALEH, Ph.D

BASIC CONCEPT OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

Wecandescribetheconcept
ofprestressedconcreteusing
thisillustrationofastackof
this
illustration of a stack of
booksThebooksonthe
booksThe
booksonthe
bottom are like pre
bottomarelikepre
bottomarelike
prestressed
stressed
concrete:usingacompressive
force,theysupporttheirown
weightplussignificant
weight
plussignificant
superimposedloads,
representedbythebookson
top.

THE HISTORY OF PRESTRESED CONCRETE

P
Prestressedconcreteisnotanewconcept,
d
i
datingbackto1872,whenP.H.Jackson
datingbackto1872,whenP.H.Jackson
(California),anEngineerpatenteda
(California),
anEngineerpatenteda
prestressing systemthatusedatierodto
constructbeamsorarchesfromindividual
blocks Prestressed startedwithan
blocks.Prestressedstartedwithan
blocks.Prestressed
started with an
unsuccessfulwayswherealargelossof
prestressoccuruntilthesolutionwasfound
b E
byEugeneFreyssinet(France)wherehe
F
i t (F
) h
h
startedtheuseofhighstrengthandductile
steel(1926),thenhefollowedbyHoyer.
E,(Germany)whodevelopedthepre
E,(Germany)whodevelopedthepre
tensionconcept(1938),thenMagnet.
G
G,(Belgium),whotriedtodevelopan
(Belgium) who tried to develop an
anchoragesystemforpost
anchoragesystemforpost tensioning,
usingflatwedges(1940).

Pretentioned
SystemSteps
1. Anchoringoftendonsagainsttheend
abutments

2.Placingofjacks

3.Applyingtensiontotendons

4. Casting of concrete
4.Castingofconcrete

5.Cuttingof
thetendons

POSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
STEPS

THEFIVESTEPS
1 Placementofmonostrandandanchornailed
toformwork.
f
k
2 Removegrommets.
3 Placewedges.
4 Stressandanchorstrand.
d
h
d
5 Cutexcessstrandanddrypackpocket.

Hydraulicpump

4
Tendonprofile
support

1
PTEStrandCoInc.

Disadvantages of RC
 Construction time
 Concrete Quality Control
 Cracking of Concrete

Advantages of PC
ComparedtoRC
Sectionremains
uncracked under
uncrackedunder
serviceloads
Reductionofsteelcorrosion
Reduction
of steel corrosion
Highermomentofinertia
Crackfree
Minimizedeflection
Improvedperformanceunder
dynamicwithfatigueloading

Highspanto
depthratios

Suitablefor
precast
precast
conditions

Rapidconstruction
R id
i
Betterqualitycontrol
Largerspans(Bridgeswith
Reducedmaintenance
largecolumnfreespace)
Suitableforrepetitive
p
Span to depth in slabs:
Spantodepthinslabs:
construction
Nonprestressed28:1
Multipleuseof
Prestressed45:1
Forthesamespan,lessdepth formwork
Availability of standard
Availabilityofstandard
Reductioninselfweight
shapes
Moreeconomicalsections

Requirementof
prestressing
bed

Waiting period
Waitingperiod
inprestressing
bed
Comparedto
posttension

Disadvantages

Skilled
Technology

Requiresgood
bondbetween
concreteand
steel

Frictionlosses

Compared to RC
ComparedtoRC
Highstrength
materialis
material is
costly

Additional
costin
auxiliary
equipments

Needfor
qualitycontrol
li
l
andinspection

PRESTRESSING APPLICATIONS

Continuousgrowthin
theuseofprecast
theuseof
precast
prestressedproducts
prestressed
prestressed products
products
hasledtonewdesigns
and applications in
andapplicationsin
bridges,Buildings,
WaterTanks,piles,
parkinggarages,
circularconcretepipes,
gravity baseoffshore
gravity
platformsand
t
terminals,andother
terminals,and
i l
d other
th
impressivestructures.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
BiscayneLanding,Miami,FL

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM

BiscayneLanding,Miami,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM

BiscayneLanding,Miami,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM

BiscayneLanding,Miami,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM

Promanade,
y
,
BoyntonBeach,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
Promanade
Promanade,
BoyntonBeach,FL

PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
Promanade,
BoyntonBeach,FL

PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
TheHamptons,
The
Hamptons
Aventura,FL

PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM

TheMINT,
The
MINT,
Miami,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM

TheMINT,
The
MINT,
Miami,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM

ClassicResidencebyHyatt,
Classic
Residence by Hyatt
Aventura,FL

PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
Someofthecompletedprojects

HyattVacationClub,
Orlando,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM

SSomeofthecompleted
f th
l t d
projects

TerremarkBuilding,
Miami,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
SSomeofthecompleted
f th
l t d
projects

EmbassySuites,
Embassy
Suites
Orlando,FL

PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM

DisneyBeachVillas,
Orlando,FL

PTEStrandCoInc.

Someofthecompleted
Some
of the completed
projects

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM

HolidayInnWorldgate,
Orlando,FL

PTEStrandCoInc.

SSomeofthecompleted
f th
l t d
projects

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM

LittleLakeBryanComplex,
Little
Lake Bryan Complex
Orlando,FL
Someofthecompleted
projects

PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM

SSomeofthecompleted
f h
l d
projects

Marriott,,
Orlando,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.

PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
Someofthecompleted
projects

WildernessLodge,
g ,
Orlando,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.

Structural Design Concept


 Stability

 Economy

 Safety

 Environment

 Serviceability

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