IS THE BUREAUCRATIC ENVIRONMENT

CAPTIVE TO CORRUPTION PRACTICES?

THE CASE OF IPEM-MG IN MINAS GERAIS
STATE GOVERNMENT

Authors:

Andr Almeida Reggiani

Fernando Antnio Frana Sette Pinheiro
Fernando Antnio Frana Sette Pinheiro Junior
Max Rodrigo Falco

Via del Mar

March 9th 2016
flickr/aecioneves

What is legal metrology?

Legal metrology is the practice and the process
of applying regulatory structure and
enforcement towards measures.
Ensuring an appropriate level of confidence in
measurements in the national regulatory
environment.
Befits for the society:

Reduced disputation and transaction costs;

Consumer protection;
Level playing field for commerce;
Control of fraud;
Full collection of taxes (when based
measurement);
Full national benefit for commodity export.

on

Governance in legal metrology

OIML

Organisation Internationale de
Mtrologie Lgale
Conselho Nacional de Metrologia

CONMETRO

(National Board of Metrology)

Instituto Nacional de Metrologia,

Qualidade e Tecnologia
(National Institute of Metrology, Quality and
Technology)

Instituto de Metrologia e Qualidade

do Estado de Minas Gerais
(Institute of Metrology and Quality of Minas
Gerais)

INMETRO

Instituto de
Metrologia e
Qualidade

The Institute of Metrology and Quality

of Minas Gerais State Government

Responsible for execution of policy of

legal metrology, industrial metrology and
products conformity and quality in Minas
Gerais State area, in Brazil.

The Institute of Metrology and Quality

of Minas Gerais State Government

The Institute of Metrology and

Quality of Minas Gerais State
Government
Its activities reaches 853 munipalities and all its
districts.
To accomplish it there are 13 regional offices.

The Institute of Metrology and

Quality of Minas Gerais State
Government
In a quick search at the INMETRO website, there
are currently 545 technical standards of legal
metrology to be followed. Beyond that, there are
a massive quantity of changes that occur every
year.

Context

Public objectives
Promoting metrological
justice among consume
relationships;
Promoting quality and
conformity of the products
sold in the state;
Promoting competitivity
of products made by the
local industry.

Abril/15
Nomination of current
management
Definition of institution
guidelines

Institute's
diagnostic
Bureaucratic malfunctions

The bureaucracy dilemma

Wilson believed in that isolating the
bureaucracy from the politics, there would
be bureaucrat more efficient
They should just implement what politics
determined.

Webber believed that there were a relation

between the political agent and the
bureaucracy, in a way that they are
complementary and conflictual
Complementary because it mix up the technique
and the social demands.
Conflictual because the social needs arent
always what the bureaucracy would prefer
doing.
flickr/derekbruff

The bureaucracy will...

Michels present as a solution
distancing them from politics.
Merton adds that the over excessive
processes and rules became the focus
of bureaucracy.
Rational processes doesnt takes in
account the peculiarities from each
individual.
On the other hand, getting the
peculiarities of individuals are part of
politic agents business.

flickr/manoftaste-de

The bureaucracy will...

Selznick affirms that the bureaucracy
may modify their objectives taking in
count internal processes, delivering
solutions considered more practical,
instead of necessarily what the
society demands.
Crozier suggests that the analysis of
bureaucrats should consider the
influence of factors connected to
human relationships.

flickr/rakra42

Corruption
Rose-Ackerman and Shleifer & Vishny
stakes that corruption may occur among
the bureaucrats are insulated when they
realize that selling public services may be
viable.
Street level agents should be highlighted
considering their high level of discretion.

flickr/pictures-of-money

Planning and reporting

challenges
All activities performed by IPEM-MG
are determined by a cooperation
agreement that previously determine
by two plans the Application one and
the Work one.
It happens top down (empirical,
estimative and global only not
detailed)
Difficult planning and reporting
Managers used to have intangible goals
Opening space for more discretionary of
street level agents.

flickr/schepers

Structures of incentive
Career and salary not so much attractive
Approximately 700 USD (in the average)
Small for the amount of impact a single agent
can do

flickr/toddle_email_newsletters

In theory we can solve it this way...

For Lindblom, decision making is driven by
information and technical decisions that
support the political action and the
political must seek the support of their
constituents and convince them that the
decision you are taking, based on the
technical information it has is the best
possible.
There is no possibility of overcoming
technical policy, however, there is the
possibility of replacing the technical policy,
since there is no neutrality analysis by the
bureaucracy, or the existence of a
universal technical criteria.
flickr/froderik

In theory we can solve it this way...

Aberbach, Putnan e Rockman states that there is an
immersion bureaucrats and politicians, one in the world
on the other, makes pass to confront the border of the
territories, establishing a trend of bureaucrats and
politicians increasingly hybrid.

Bureaucracy can, as far as political leadership, aggregate

interests. However, this aggregation has limitations, such
as discrimination against non-organized interests, the
inability to articulate interests and diffuse a crystallization
of existing policies. So the role of politicians is essential to
overcome these limitations, since they undergo a process
of "validation" of their actions - the bureaucrat does not
suffer - and that causes them embarrassment.

flickr/froderik

In theory we can solve it this way...

Theorists of NPM propose a discussion not of the
procedures adopted by the bureaucracy, but the results
that it is able to deliver, or the performance of the front
bureaucrats to offer public services.
However, the Public Choice argues that the bureaucrat is
only concerned with its own interests, since the
bureaucracy overlooking the public interest to favor the
particular interests of its members.
Niskanen says the burorcratas has access to information
and data in a prompt manner and possess technical
knowledge, allowing them to interpret the rules according
to their interests or create new, constantly opening up
innovative opportunities to obtain income.

flickr/froderik

Solutions adopted
Reporting
SGI

Planning
New logic that focus on optimization of
public resources
New systematic of planning: adoption of a
baseline and replanning from it every
month
Until the operational level

Multidisciplinar teams
Incentive Structures
Criteria for benefits
Instalment of disciplinary processes

flickr/jakerust

Final considerations
There is a long road to overcome the challenges
and paradigms that makes the environment
susceptible to corruption
Data intelligence
Georreferring
Optimize the databases

Need of develop the career and pay accordingly

the street level agents
Filgueiras & Aranha consider that all the NPM
advances, detached from accordingly salaries also
insulates the bureaucracy.

flickr/a_little_brighter