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4 authors, including:
Tuan Son Nguyen
Griffith University
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I. INTRODUCTION
The ballistic mortar has been used for long time in order to
measure explosive power such as working ability and
explosive strength as well as compare measurements of high
explosion [1-4]. In defense industries, the applications of
ballistic mortar play an important role in research activities,
measurements, quality registration of explosives.
The ballistic mortar system consists of a massive steel
mortar suspended in an aluminum structure. A heavy steel
projectile is inserted in the mortar bore [1]. The explosive
sample is detonated within a mortar cavity. With the explosion
of sample that is tested, the projectile is fired out of the mortar.
However, as a result of counteracting force, the mortar is
swung from its balance position backwards. The maximum
swing of the mortar is recorded. Taylor and Cook [2] proposed
a slide-rule for direct reading of power for a preset ballistic
mortar system. The disadvantage of this slide-rule is that it is
not flexible. The more common approach, which is applied to
measure the mortar movement, is to use marker records. From
the maximum of marker records, the maximum throw angle of
pendulum is calculated. The maximum throw angle is the most
471
A. Ballistic mortar
The mortar energy is obtained from the relation [1]
Wobs = MAg 1 + MAgT 2 / mr 2 2 (1 cos )
(1)
WS
1 cos S
100 =
100
WTNT
1 cos TNT
D. SIMATIC TD 200
The Text Display 200 (TD 200) is a text display and
operator interface for S7-200 family. TD 200 includes four
main features, such as display messages read from the S7-200
CPU, allowing adjustment of designated program variables,
providing ability to force or un-force input or output points,
and supporting ability to set the time and date for CPUs that
have a real time clocks. Power for TD 200 can be supplied by
CPU S7-200 through TD/CPU cable or separate supply.
III. METHODOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
(2)
472
Throw angle = =
n 360
,
8000 4
(3)
D. Main board
The main board has to satisfy the following requirements.
473
1-Encoder
2-Pendulum
3- Projectile
4-Body
5-Detonator
6- Explosive sample
7- Mortar
8-Marker record
Fig. 1. Ballistic mortar system in Vietnam
474
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
14
Marker Record
2.819
2.74
2.725
2.775
2.8
2.775
2.712
2.775
2.712
2.787
2.662
2.7
2.7
2.775
2.775
TABLE II.
Arc (mm)
293
288
299
299
297
280
290
295
260
296
288
290
295
300
300
2.907
2.857
2.966
2.966
2.947
2.778
2.877
2.927
2.579
2.937
2.857
2.877
2.927
2.976
2.976
No
Proposed
Approach
1
2
3
4
3.512
3.4
3.262
3.487
TABLE III.
Marker Record
Arc (mm)
406
329
330
385
4.031
3.272
3.273
3.821
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
475
Proposed
Approach
0
3.375
3.475
3.55
3.375
3.4
3.45
3.475
3.425
Marker Record
Arc (mm)
395
351
365
405
350
352
366
384
3.923
3.482
3.621
4.022
3.472
3.492
3.631
3.811
TABLE IV.
REFERENCES
A4
No
Proposed
Approach
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
3.3
3.325
3.375
3.225
3.225
3.337
3.312
3.325
TABLE V.
Marker Record
Arc (mm)
374
356
355
340
329
360
345
347
[1]
3.711
3.532
3.522
3.373
3.263
3.572
3.423
3.443
[2]
[3]
[4]
TNT
Marker record
2.890267
0.010472
15
14
5.219183
0.001933
2.483726
Mean
Variance
Observations
Degree of freedom
F
P(F<=f) one-tail
F Critical one-tail
TABLE VI.
Proposed Approach
2.7488
0.002006
15
14
[5]
[6]
RDX
Marker record
3.59925
0.149704
4
3
11.74865
0.036405
9.276628
Mean
Variance
Observations
Degree of freedom
F
P(F<=f) one-tail
F Critical one-tail
TABLE VII.
Proposed Approach
3.41525
0.012742
4
3
[7]
[8]
[9]
M1
Marker record
3.68175
0.045263
8
7
12.71347
0.001686
3.787044
Mean
Variance
Observations
Degree of freedom
F
P(F<=f) one-tail
F Critical one-tail
TABLE VIII.
Proposed Approach
3.440625
0.00356
8
7
A4
Marker record
Mean
Variance
Observations
Degree of freedom
F
P(F<=f) one-tail
F Critical one-tail
3.479875
0.018493
8
7
6.616011
0.011686
3.787044
Proposed Approach
3.303
0.002795
8
7
476