o & M Instruction Manual (Rapid Gravity Filter)

KUWAS WATER SUPPLY PROJECT
Operating & Maintenance Instruction
Doc. No. : 2015-08-22
Rapid Gravity Filter

Rev. No. : A
WATER SYPPLY IMPROVEMENT

PROJECT IN KURDISTAN REGION,
PACKAGE 2
Operating & Maintenance

Instruction Manual
RAPID GRAVITY FILTERS

Doc. No. : 2015-08-22

Rev. No. : A
-----
1.
2.
------
Equipment Information
1.1
General Description ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 01
1.2
Equipment Description -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 02
1.3
Manufacturer Specification ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 05
Delivery / Storage
2.1 Site Delivery
2.2
3.
Table of Contents
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 08
Storage ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 09
Equipment Installation
3.1
Installation of Underdrain blocks -------------------------------------------------------------------- 11
3.2
Installation of Wash water Trough ------------------------------------------------------------------ 35
3.3
Installation of Surface Wash System --------------------------------------------------------------- 40
3.4 Installation of Media ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45
4.
5.
Testing
4.1
General Testing Guidelines --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46
4.2
Water Testing -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46
Operation
5.1
General ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48

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6.
5.2
Normal Operation --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48
5.3
Backwashing Procedure -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48
Maintenance
6.1 General Maintenance Guidelines -------------------------------------------------------------------- 57
7.
Electric and Instrument

7.1 Electric and Instrument Drawings ------------------------------------------------------------------- 66
7.2
Instrument Catalogue ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 231
7.3
Panel Cataloque ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 340

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1. Equipment Information
1.1 General Description
1.1.1 Scope of work
A. The work under this section includes furnishing, and testing a filter system consisting of :
1) Filter underdrain system complete with underdrain blocks, anchor rods.
2) Wash Water Trough
3) Surface Wash System
4) Filter Media(Anthracite)
5) Control Panel
6) Instrument(Turbidity Transmitter, Level Transmitter, Level Sensor, DPI)
B. The following aren't included in our scope ;
Concrete, grout, sealant, anchor adhesive, mechanical equipment anchor bolts, filter system
piping and electrical conduit/wire shall be furnished and installed by the installation contractor.
1.1.2 Performance Requirement and Design Basis

Number of filters
: 6 Basins
Filter Size
: W 3.7 m X L 6.1 m X 2 Cells
Filter Area, basin(m2)
: 45.14
Filtration Rate, m/hr(m/hr/m2)
: 380 to 445
Water Only Backwash Rate, m/hr(m/hr/m2)
: 2,250
( 50 )
Surface Wash Rate, Water, m/hr(m/hr/m2)
( 5 )
225
( 8 to 10.8 )

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1.2 Equipment Description

1.2.1 Underdrain System
A. General
1) The filter underdrain system is designed to ensure long-term stability in its operating characteristics. It is
resistant to changes in headloss, flow uniformity, and any other effects, which would in time cause loss
of efficiency or effectiveness in its operation.
2) The underdrain block & accessories meet National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) Standard 61
Drinking Water System Components - Health Effects.
B. Underdrain Block
1) The underdrain system for the filters are Dual-Parallel Lateral type whereby two feeder and two
compensating laterals are provided in a single block system. The cross-section of the underdrain feeder
(or primary) laterals are adjacent and connected to the compensating (or secondary) laterals through a
series of orifices.
The orifices is at four different elevations and sized to provide uniform distribution of water up to 25
gpm/ft2 (61 m/hr). The feeder primary laterals provide at least 60 square inches (387 cm2) of cross
sectional area per block to minimize flow velocity during backwash. The height of the block is
approximately 8 (203 mm) and the width approximately 16.5 (419 mm).
2) The compensating laterals provide essentially uniform pressure and flow distribution from the top of the
blocks. The discharge flow is provided by a minimum of twenty-two dispersion orifices per square foot
of filter area(237 per square meter) from the top of the blocks into the filter bed provided.
The orifices is less than 1/4(6mm) diameter and recessed from the surface by approximately
1/8(3.2mm). The top of each orifice is encircled by a depression approximately 3/8 x 3/4(9.5 x
19mm) which is act to prevent the gravel support media from resting directly on and thereby blocking the
dispersion orifice.
3) The individual blocks used in the system is impervious high-strength, completely corrosion resistant high
density polyethylene material, having uniform smooth surfaces and all orifices properly molded. The
blocks have ridges and pockets for structural rigidity and to key into surrounding grout.
The block dimensions and weight shall permit ease of handling and installation.
The blocks is mechanically joined to form a continuous lateral run equivalent to the length of the filte
cell. The joints are single gasketed, snap lock, bell and spigot type with internal registers, and the joints
are to be air and watertight.

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4) The filter underdrain system, when installed, is designed to withstand a burst pressure equal to twice
the maximum headloss experienced at maximum backwash rates.
No credit is taken for the weight of filter media.
5) The filter underdrain system is designed to with stand a net downward loading of not less than 1600
psf (0.77 Bar), plus its own deadweight.
6) Accessories that require to complete the underdrain lateral are provided. As applicable, the bridging
over the flume for grout retention, end caps to close the ends of the laterals, sealant for the end caps
and block joints, and carbon steel anchor rods for the flume block.
1.2.2 Media Retention Cap

A. Porous cap constructed of sintered HDPE beads are mounted to the underdrain block.
This cap will eliminate the need for any gravel layers.
B. The cap is fastened to the underdrain with a minimum of (18) 316 stainless steel screws and sealed
with an NSF approved sealant.
C. The cap has an average pore size of 500 microns and no more than 3/4" (19 mm) thickness.
Filter underdrain manufacturers provide a porous cap with an average pore size greater than 500
microns
1.2.3 Wash Water Trough

A. Design, fabricate and install U-shaped, type 316L stainless steel washwater troughs in each filter cell as
indicated to distribute the settled water influent evenly over the filter bed surface and collect backwash
waste water flows for conveyance to the cell inlet/outlet channel.
B. Materials
1) Trough to be of type 316L stainless steel.
2) All metal fasteners, bolts, nuts, washers, anchors, supports and straps shall be Type 316L stainless steel.
C. Construction
Fabricate troughs using not less than 6 mm thick plate and reinforced with a triangular-shaped,
integrally-welded longitudinal stiffener sections. Provide additional horizontal stiffness and rigidity as required
through the use of spreaders placed at appropriate points and fastened to the trough with stainless steel
hardware. Furnish each trough with an integrallymolded water stop on the discharge end for installation in
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oversized wall openings. Integrally form the back end of each trough with laminate thickness at least one
and one-half times the thickness of the trough. Provide slotted holes in the back end of each trough to
allow a minimum vertical leveling adjustment of 19 mm.
Provide space between mounting wall and trough for thermal expansion. Final laminate thickness are
within a tolerance of plus 1.6 mm and minus 0 mm of minimum required to satisfy structural
requirements.
1.2.4 Filter Media

A. Anthracite
Filter anthracite is composed of hard, durable anthracite coal particles, which are free of iron sulfides,
clay, shale, and extraneous foreign matter with the following physical characteristics :
Minimum Thickness
: 450 mm
Effective Size
: 1.0 mm
Uniformity Coefficient
: Not greater than 1.5
Apparent Specific Gravity
: 1.50 to 1.70
Acid Solubility
: Less than 5%
Hardness
: Greater than 2.7 on MOH scale
B. Silica Sand(Out of Scope)

Filter sand is consist of hard, dense, durable and uniformly spherical particles of siliceous material,
which resist degradation during handling and use, and are visually free of clay, dust, and micaceous
and organic matter. Characteristics of the filter sand are as follows :
Minimum Thickness
: Fine Sand 300 mm

Coarse Sand 150 mm
Effective Size
: Fine Sand 0.5 mm

Coarse Sand 1.0 mm
Uniformity Coefficient
: Not greater than 1.5
Apparent Specific Gravity
: Not less than 2.60
Acid Solubility
: Less than 5%

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1.3 Manufacturer Specification

Description
A.
Manufacturer Specification
Filter Characteristics (Design operating parameters for each unit)
No. of unit
Six(6)
No. of cells per unit

(No. of filter media Beds per unit)
two(2)
Type
Characteristic turbidity (of influent water)
Characteristic turbidity (of effluent filtered water)
Filter area per unit (= two(2) cells)
No. of cells per module
Total Number of Cells
Bed dimensions (width x length)
Service flow rate
High rate backwash
2250m3/hr
Surface wash rate
225m3/hr
Maximum head loss
Number Troughs/ Unit
6 EA
Granular Media Type
Dual media / anthracite-sand
Underdrain Type
Max. deviation of Distribution uniformity in each trough

when backwash filter at 50 m3/hr/m2
Sand depth (fine sand + coarse sand)
Anthracite depth
B.
open, gravity, rectangular

10
max. 1.0 NTU
45.14m2(= 3.7 x 6.1 x 2 beds)
Six(6)
twelve(12)
3700 x 6100
380m3/hr to 455m3/hr
Under 2.5m
Porous plastic block or equivalent

5%
300mm + 150mm
450mm
Wash water Trough
No. of Washwater Ttoughs
Matrial
36 EA (= 3EA x 2Cell x 6Basin)
Trough
SS 316L
All metal fasteners, bolts, nuts, washers,

anchors, supports and straps
SS 316L

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Description
Design troughs to accommodate temperature extreames
Max. vertical deflection under full buoyant or gravity load

(L is the unsupported length)
L/1000, (max. 5 mm)
Max. trough sidewall horizontal deflection under full lateral

load (D is the trough depth)
D/100, (max. 5 mm)
Max. trough bottom deflection under full buotant or gravity

load (W is the trough width)
W/100, (max. 5 mm)
C.
-1 ~ 45
Filter Media
Anthracite
Minimum thickness
Effective size
Uniformity coefficient
Apparent specific gravity
Acid solubility
Hardness on MOH scale
Sand
Minimum thickness of fine sand
300mm
Minimum thickness of coares sand
150mm
Effective size of fine sand
0.5
Effective size of coarse sand
1.0
Uniformity coefficient
not greater than 1.5
Apparent specific gravity
Not less than 2.60
450mm
1.0
not greater than 1.5
1.50 to 1.70
less than 5%
greater than 2.7
Acid solubility
D.
Less than 5%
Underdrain (Block construction)

Type of Filter Underdrain
Dual parallel lateral type
Type of media support cap
Integrated with the underdrain
No. of 6 mm dia, dispersion orifices

per m2 of filter area
Approx. 244 EA/m2
Material
HDPE

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Description
E.
Block Nominal dimension, approximate

(wide x length x height)
420mm x 916mm x 240mm
Porous Plastic Cap
Material
HDPE
Thickness of cap
19mm
Size of the pores
500 ( 25%)
Pore volume versus caps overall volume
How to attach the cap to the underdrain blocks
F.
40 ~ 50 %
tapping screws of type 316SS
Surface Wash System
Header Pipes(8")
No. of header pipes per unit
Total no. of pipes
Length
Material
Bilateral pipes(2 1/2")
No. of bilateral pipes with two(2) nozzles per unit
Total no. of the bilateral pipes
Length
lTwo(2)
12 SET (= 6Basin x 2Cell)
Approx. 6.0m
SS 316L
28 SET
168 EA (=28ea x 6Basin)
Approx. 1.8m
Biilateral pipes : SS316L
Nozzle : Brass
.
Material

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2. Delivery / Storage
2.1 Site Delivery
TETRA LP-Blocks are factory inspected and packaged for shipment.
Standard LP-Blocks with or without a Media Retention Plate are recommended to be shipped, palletised,
banded and wrapped with polythene. Other components are packaged separately with proper identification.
It is the receivers responsibility to inspect all components and report any loss or damages to the carrier
before signing the delivery receipt.
Any concealed loss or damage discovered later should be reported to the carrier in writing within 15 days.
The carriers representative should be present during inspection, if required.
Use only correctly designed lifting equipment for lifting and moving pallets. Slings and / or ropes must not
be used as this WILL damage the LP-Blocks.

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2.2 Storage
Store the LP Blocks indoors or in a shaded location to protect them from exposure to direct sunlight.
Ensure the blocks are only stored in a clean environment. Do not stack the pallets or LP Blocks on uneven
surfaces as this may cause warping. Store each pallet on a flat surface and protect them from overturning.
Do not stack pallets on top of each other. Do not stand on the blocks.
Stack un-palletised LP Blocks on a flat surface. See Figure 2.1 for instructions for LP Blocks with out Media
Retention Plates and Figure 2.2 for LP Blocks with Media Retention Plates. Do not stack over 10 LP Blocks
high or stack LP Blocks on their sides.
Cover any loose LP Blocks with polythene to keep them clean and to protect from the weather.
Max Stacking height =

10 Blocks
Figure 2.1 Stacking of unpalletised LP Blocks NOT fitted with Media Retention Plates
Max Stacking height =

10 Blocks
Figure 2.2 Stacking of unpalletised LP Blocks fitted with Media Retention

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2.3 Storage [ Wash water trough, Surface wash system & Media ]
Wash water trough and surface wash system are stored and packed to the plains while skid.
Do not stack the skid or the steel products on uneven surfaces as this may cause warping.
Store each skid on a flat surface and protect them from overturning.
Do not stack skid on top of each other.
Until installation, do not dismantle the packaging.
Store the Filter Media indoors or in a shaded location to protect them from exposure to direct sunlight.
Ensure the media are only stored in a clean environment.
Store each media bag on a flat surface and protect them from overturning.
Cover any loose media with polythene to keep them clean and to protect from the weather.
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3. Equipment Installation
3.1 Installation of Underdrain blocks
3.1.1 LP Block Filter Floor Overview
Figure 3.1.1 shows the components and terminology that make up an LP Block filter floor installation.
Figure 3.1.1 LP Block components
* NOTE :
For FlumeFlow applications figure 3.1.1 differs ;
A Flum Flow Interface Plate replaces 1 end plate and Hips bridging is not required.
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3.1.2 Field Installation Overview

Field installation of the LP Block Dual Parallel Lateral system will be simple and problem-free provided
these instructions are followed.
In all cases it is recommended that either an Hyorim supervisor be present to instruct and supervise all
personnel in the appropriate installation procedures or that Hyorim trained personnel are employed to carry
out the installation work.
As a minimum the Hyorim supervisor should be present for the complete LP Block Dual Parallel Lateral
installation of the FIRST filter cell.
3.1.3 Pre-Installation Check

Refer to site specific Filter Floor Arrangement drawing.
3.1.3.1 Filter Cell Dimension Check Procedure

The LP Block Dual Parallel Lateral filter floor has been designed for specific filter cell dimensions.
It is an Hyorim process requirement that the LP Block Dual Parallel Lateral filter floor is installed in the
correctly sized filter cell.
The following procedure must be carried out to ensure that the filter cell dimensions are within tolerance:
1. Use the same good quality steel tape measure for all measurements.
2. At 1 meter intervals, along the width; measure and record the length of the filter cell.
3. Repeat, but now at 1 meter intervals along the length of the filter cell, record measurements of the
filter cell width.
4. Finally, measure and record the two diagonal distances.
5. Check that the filter cell dimensions are within the tolerances specified on the approved project.
6. Repeat for all filter cells.
All dimensions must agree with the approved project drawings. However, if the filter length or width is out
of tolerance, it may be possible to adjust the spacing of the Laterals and / or field cut the Laterals to
reduce its length as appropriate. Hyorim must be consulted, in all cases, prior to any field modifications.
3.1.3.2 Flume Dimension Check Procedure

The LP Block Dual Parallel Lateral filter floor has been designed for specific flume dimensions.
It is an Hyorim process requirement that the flume is within the allowable tolerance outlined in the
approved project drawings.
The following procedure must be carried out to ensure that the flume is within tolerance:
2. Measure and record the flume width at 1 meter intervals along the length of the flume.
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3. Check that the flume dimensions are within the tolerances specified on the approved project
drawings.
3.1.3.3 Filter Floor Level Check Procedure

For the successful installation and operation of an LP Block Dual Parallel Lateral filter floor, the concrete
filter floor must be level to a tolerance specified in the approved project drawings.
The following procedure should be performed to ensure the concrete filter floor is suitable for installation :
1. Place a measurement staff at all of the positions on a hypothetical 1metre interval grid covering the
entire surface of the filter floor.
2. Using a surveyors or laser level (accurate to 3mm for 10 meters) take readings of the floor level
relative to a specified datum.
3. Record all of the readings for a 1 meter interval grid covering the entire surface of the filter floor.
4. Check the readings to ensure that the floor is always level to within the tolerance stated on the
approved project drawings.
* NOTE :
Hyorim Industries Inc. must be informed of any dimensions that are out of tolerance and prior to
attempting any field modifications.
* NOTE :
The filter floor must have a rough surface to provide a key with the grout. Do not paint or any
water-proof works of the surface areas where grout will be installed.
Survey each filter floor to determine the high point and low point using the recommended level.
Check the deviations against the drawing theoretical dimension. If the floor is outside the allowable
tolerance or if the difference between the high point and low point is greater than 30mm, either chip out
or grind out the high level areas to meet tolerances. Re-check the filter floor to determine the new high
point and mark this point as high point datum for use when installing the anchor rods,
* WARINING
Do not fill the low spots as thin screed over the floor may become detached at some point in the future,
which may compromise the operation of the filter.
For dual bay filters, which have two cells either side of a backwash flume, level the floor of each bay so
that the maximum difference between the high points in each bay is less than 12mm.
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3.1.5 Anchor Rod Installation

3.1.5.1 Anchor rod and flume end angle installation(for central and side flume channel only)
Once the concrete filter floor and filter walls have set, the anchor rods (Figure 3.5.1) and an angle at
either end of the flume must be installed. The anchor rod installation differs for each layout.
3.1.5.1.1 Side Flume Installations

Typically 12mm carbon steel anchor rods (U-Bars) must be fitted, prior to the grout bed installation, over
the flume channel as per the approved Filter Floor Arrangement drawing. The height of the U-Bar is set
relative to the previously determined high point datum. Both ends of the U-Bar are to be set at least
130mm into the concrete cell floor and also fixed with epoxy resin. Required hole size to be specified by
epoxy resin. Figure 3.5.1 shows a typical side flume layout with a U-Bar fixing.
Install the flume end angles, at each end of the flume, as per the approved Filter Floor Arrangement
drawings.
After the installation of the anchor rods and flume end angles, thoroughly clean the flume and each
cell floor for the subsequent application of binding agent to aid successful grout adhesion.
Figure 3.5.1 Typical air pipe and anchor rod layout for a side flume
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3.1.6 Lateral Assembly

LP Blocks are supplied by Hyorim as individual LP Blocks (and individual precut LP Blocks if contract
specified), complete with or with out preinstalled Media Retention Plates. Several individual LP Blocks will be
joined together on site to form a Lateral.
Thorough preparation will lead to successful assembly - please read and understand all stages below
before attempting assembly of the first Lateral.
Thoroughly check each LP Block before any assembly work commences.
Check especially around the spigot and socket interfaces. If any parts are excessively deformed, reject the
LP Block.
Thoroughly check for debris inside each LP Block before and after any assembly work commences.
Between assembly stages, protect as necessary to prevent any debris entering inside. Remove any debris
from inside the LP Block. Loose material within the assembled Lateral could cause contamination and / or
adversely affect performance. Take care to avoid injury from protruding screws when reaching into the LP
Block.
* NOTE :
The assembly of individual LP Blocks into Laterals should be done close to the final location of the Lateral
in order to minimize the amount of lifting.
* WARINING
Care Should be taken when assembling the Lateral as attempting to separate the joint after assembly
may result in damage.
Refer to site specific Lateral Assembly. Ensure that this drawing is available to view at all times whilst
assembling the Laterals.
In order to keep the Media Retention Plates clean during installation, it is necessary to protect the upper
surface immediately after the LP Blocks are unpacked from their delivery pallet. Pre-cut self adhesive
protection sheets are supplied by Hyorim. Peel off the backing and fix to the upper surface of the Media
Retention Plate. Ensure that the protective sheet does not overhang the edges of the Media Retention Plate
as this will make removal difficult following grouting. Apply pressure to the protective sheet if necessary
around the screw heads to ensure that it lays flat on the Media Retention Plate surface.
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3.1.6.1 Standard Endplate Assembly :
* NOTE :
LP Block installations require only one Endplate, located at the opposite end to the per Lateral.
However, central and side Flume LP Block installations require two Endplates per Lateral, which are located
at opposite ends of the Lateral.
1. The standard Endplate is designed to be fitted to The spigot end or The cut end of an LP Block.
2. Immediately before installing the Endplate, inspect the components to ensure all are thoroughly clean
inside.
3. Stand the LP Block vertically and apply Sikaflex 1A sealant to the mating face of the LP Block
external and internal walls (Figure 3.6.1a) then press the Endplate into place. Ensure that there is a
complete seal between the LP Block and the Endplate (Note: one tube of sealant will be enough to
install approximately 7 Endplates)
4. The Endplate must now be held in place immediately by staples into the end of the LP Block walls.
Use minimum 14 No. Stainless Steel 316 staples (Figure 3.6.1b). View inside the LP Block to ensure all
staples have penetrated the walls and replace / re-staple as necessary.
Figure 3.6.1a LP Block end view Figure
3.6.1b Endplate and staples
3.1.6.2 FlumeFlow Interface Plate Assembly :

The FlumeFlow Interface plate is designed to be fitted to the spigot end or the cut end of an LP Block.
1. Immediately before installing the FlumeFlow Interface plate, inspect the components to ensure all are
thoroughly clean inside.
2. Stand the LP Block vertically and apply Sikaflex 1A sealant to the mating face of the LP Block
external and internal walls then press the FlumeFlow Interface plate into place. Figure 5.6.2a shows
the sealant required when the LP Block is cut at the spigot and figure 5.6.2b shows when it has
been cut through a Media Retention Plate. Ensure that there is a complete seal between the LP Block
and the FlumeFlow Interface plate.
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(Note: One tube of sealant will be enough to install approximately 7 FlumeFlow Interface Plates)
Figure 5.6.2a - Cut at Spigot
Figure 5.6.2b - Cut at Media Retention Plate
3. Press the FlumeFlow Interface Plate firmly into position, ensure that it fits squarely and tightly up to
the face of the LP Block. Continue to apply pressure and drill a 5mm pilot hole in each side of the
LP Block, 10mm from the end of the LP Block, then retain by 2 Hexagon head self tapping screws
supplied by Hyorim (Figure 3.6.2c).
Figure 3.6.2c - FlumeFlow Interface Plate Installation
* NOTE :
Abrade the surfaces of the sealant rebate in FlumeFlow Interface plate with abrasive paper and clean
these surface with Sika Cleaner-205 to remove dust and grease.
3.1.6.3 LP Lateral Assembly (joining LP Block together) :

Place an O-ring gasket in the exterior groove on the spigot end of the Block (Figure 3.6.3a).
If there is a manufacturing seam on the O-ring then this should be located on the side, never on the top
or bottom sealing faces.
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Figure 3.6.3a O-Ring Installation

Fill the groove of the tongue and groove joint with SIikaflex 1A sealant supplied by Hyorim. Figure 3.6.3b
Note: one tube will fill approximately 17 joints.
Figure 3.6.3b Tongue and Groove joint

Lateral assembly must be carried out on a clean flat surface. Interlocks and lugs within the spigot /
socket interface may have become distorted during storage. Minor deformations can be rectified by carefully
using pliers. Check each LP Block, and rectify or reject as necessary to ensure correct engagement will be
achievable. Lubricate the O-ring with liquid soap to aid assembly.
* WARINING
Lubricate the O-Ring with care to avoid contamination of the sealant.
Place two LP Blocks together with the bottom of the LP Blocks on the floor and the spigot / socket oosely
engaged. Use the assembly tool to join the individual LP Blocks (Figure 3.6.3c). Whilst making the joint,
ensure that the underside of the LP Blocks remain flat on the ground by applying downward pressure to
the free end of mating LP Blocks. Ensure that the End plate are not dragged loose during this operation.
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Figure 3.6.3c LP Block Assembly Tool

Visually inspect the joint as follows before proceeding further:
1. Check for correct engagement of all interlocks and lugs within the joint (Figure 3.6.3d).
Once engaged, interlocks cannot be disengaged and/or re-engaged.
2. Ensure that O-ring is correctly seated in its groove all round.
3. Check for correct engagement of the tongue and groove (internal walls).
4. Ensure that the inside of the assembly is free of debris.
Figure 3.6.3d Spigot / Socket Assembly
* NOTE :
Each joint must be inspected for these conditions and corrected if not properly assembled before
proceeding to the next Block.
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3.1.7 Underdrain Block Installation and Grouting Specification

Refer to site specific Filter Floor Arrangement drawing. Ensure that the drawing is available to view at all
times during installation of the filter floor.
3.1.7.1 Pre-Installation Requirements

1. Check that the flume is thoroughly clean and all debris has been removed before proceeding with
grouting.
2. Check that the filter floor is clean for application of bonding agent and good grout adhesion.
3. Do not attempt to install the LP Laterals or grout the joints during rain, or if rain is forecast before
the grout will have cured. Doing so may cause the grout to be washed away, which will have a
serious impact on the strength of the floor.
4. Maximum/Minimum thermometer to be installed in the filter cell throughout grouting operations.
5. Avoid physically installing below temperatures of 6C and also ensure that the temperature will not
fall below 4C during the following 24 hours.
6. For installations during temperatures in excess of 27C, in order to avoid expansion of the
completed Laterals, it is recommended that tarpaulins or opaque polythene sheeting is secured to the
top of the filter cells to provide shading. An air gap should be allowed between the top of the filter
and the tarpaulins, for ventilation. The covers should be left in position throughout the entire day and
on completion of the days work, they should be lowered and allowed to rest on the Lateral floor.
This procedure should be repeated throughout the entire installation.
* IMPORTANT :
Variations in ambient temperature have a significant effect on grout curing successfully.
Failure to follow the specified guidelines relating to ambient temperature will affect the quality of the grout
installation and potentially cause future problems with the filter floor.
3.1.7.2 LP Lateral Installation

3.1.7.2.1 Support Plate Installation
Prior to the Block Support Plate construction above the Floor area, the Anchor position marking
operation shall be performed by measuring the installation distance and the block space.
When you finish the marking, after the construction of chemical anchors and wait for the curing period.
Upon completion of the chemical anchoring curing, install the Plate according to the construction level.
* IMPORTANT :
During the Level work using Support Plate, the Error should not be over 3.0mm. When the level
difference between each other basin floor is occur by the civil error, it is Ok with remain but it shall be
20

Doc. No. : 2015-08-22

Rev. No. : A
informed in consultation with the field staff, and the construction level shall be determined.
3.1.7.2.2 Underdrain Block Arrangment

After the certain amount of Underdrain Block is assembled at the filter basin top, and brought into the
filter basin inside.
The fetched block is gathered with one area to secure the work space. As shown in the Figure 3.7.2.2
below, the blocks shall be started to arrange from the adjacent to the filter basin side wall.
When the block array of working with the Mortar placement, it shall be fixed by using a wire to
prevent the displacement. After the array is completed, the block top surface level shall be checked.
Figure 3.7.2.2a Support Plate Installation
Figure 3.7.2.2b Block Arrays and Wire Fixing works
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3.1.7.2.3 Installation of FlumeFlow Seal
Once the floor grout has cured the FlumeFlow Interface Plates should then be sealed against the flume
wall. This is achieved by filling the sealant rebate with Sikaflex 1A.
Approximately 1 tube of sealant will be required for each. Note that an extended nozzle to the sealant
tube will be required for this operation. Figure 3.7.2.3a
Figure 3.7.2.3a Sealant Gun with extended hose nozzle
* WARINING
Ensure that the sealant rebate is free from grout and loose debris. Clean the sealant rebate, with Sika
Cleaner 205, to remove grease. The sealant must be introduced with care to ensure that a full and
complete seal is created. Air voids caused by incorrect application of the sealant could cause the seal to
fail in operation.
Figure 3.7.2.3b FlumeFlow Interface Plate (Wall Side)

Begin sealing at the bottom of the FlumeFlow(Figure 3.7.2.3b) and work upwards(Figure 3.7.2.3c).
Force the sealant into the base of the sealant rebate allowing excess to back fill the cavity.
(Figure 3.7.2.3d)
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Rev. No. : A
Excess sealant must be levelled off and removed with a long handled scraper (Figure 3.7.2.3e).
During this operation excess sealant may be pushed into the rebate to further ensure a fully filled, void
free cavity.
Figure 3.7.2.3c
Figure 3.7.2.3d
Figure 3.7.2.3e
* NOTE :
Once all the FlumeFlow Interface plates have been sealed to the concrete flume wall; then the floor
installation must be left for 7 days to allow the sealent surface to cure prior to grouting the joints.
3.1.7.3 Grout Installation

The Grout Mixing conditions should be referred to the
the construction specifications, the Portland cement and
mixed homogeneously and enough to be sustained the
(The Water-Cement weight ratio shall be 0.6, and the
30 days )
Construction Specification. If it is not specified in

Sand are mixed at a ratio 1 to 2, it shall be
load of block.
compression strength shall be 180kgf/ at least
Before placing the mortar, it should be protected by using the PE cover sheet, such as the Figure 3.7.3
(a), in order to prevent clogging of the media support plate on the block top.
Figure 3.7.3(a)
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Rev. No. : A
When the mortar is ready to pour, pour the mortar to fill from the bottom by using a pump car.
Figure 3.7.3(b)
After placing the mortar with the period of 1-2 curing days, remove the PE cover, and clean the block
top surface by using a vacuum cleaner. Figure 3.7.3(c)
Figure 3.7.3c
* NOTE :
Ensure that where anchor rods are fitted, the grout fully fills the void between the anchor road and HIPS
bridging.
24

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Rev. No. : A
3.1.7.4 Forming the Integral Edge Fillets
3.1.7.4.1 FlumeFlow Layouts
A 45 grout fillet must be formed over the FlumeFlow Interface Plate; this should be formed at the
same time as the grouting between the LP Blocks to ensure the integrity of the grout. The grout shall
have a minimum thickness of 45 mm over the inclined face of the Interface Plate and shall extend
50mm over the surface of the Media Retention Plate (Figure 3.7.4).
A 45 grout fillet must be formed along the other 3 sides of the filter cell. This should be formed at
the same time as the grouting between the LP Blocks to ensure the integrity of the grout. The grout
shall extend 25 - 50mm over the surface of the Media Retention Plate(Figure 3.7.4).
3.1.7.4.2 Central and Side Flume Layouts

A 45grout fillet must be formed along the 4 sides of the filter cell. This should be formed at the
same time as the grouting between the LP Blocks to ensure the integrity of the grout.
The grout shall extend 25 - 50mm over the surface of the Media Retention Plate(Figure 3.7.4).
Figure 3.7.4 Grout fillet installation
3.1.8 Final Installation Inspection

Immediately after the grouting is completed and before grouting the next filter cell, clean up the filter
floor, remove all excess grout and debris, remove the protective sheets then inspect all Media Retention
Plates to ensure the surface is clean and free of any grout blockage.
A full visual inspection of the completed and cleaned filter floor must be performed to check the integrity
and quality of the installation. The site supervisor, client and an Hyorim representative (if possible) should
be present for the visual inspection and all agree that the installation is of a sufficiently good quality. Any
defects in the LP Block filter floor installation should be raised with Hyorim before any remedial work is
started.
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Rev. No. : A
* NOTE :
Allow the grout to set for 7 days before adding any water or media to the cell
After 7 days, the filter should be ready for testing and subsequent placement of media.
* NOTE :
If the media is not to be install at this point, the filter floor should now be covered with 6mm plywood a
minimum of 1 meter deep clean chlorinated water. This will eliminate risk of damage from falling objects,
as well as aid in temperature control.
3.1.9 Drawings of Filter plans & Underdrain Block
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
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Rev. No. : A
3.2 Installation of Wash water Trough

Field installation of the wash water trough will be simple and problem-free provided these instructions are
followed.


2. In the position to the opening , along the length of the filter cell, record measurements of the filter
cell width.
3. Check that the filter cell dimensions are within the tolerances specified on the approved project
drawings.
4. The level to install wash water trough should be marked off on the walls.
3.2.3 Wash water trough installation
Filter plan at top of Wash water trough

35

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Rev. No. : A
Detail of Wash water trough
Installation of Wash water trough
Adjustale Weir Detail
3.2.4 Drawings of Wash water Trough
36
37
2014.01
NO.
DATA
0.5~3
1 ~ 63 64~125 126~250 251~500 501~1000 1001~2000 2001~4000 4001~8000 8001~16000

(MM)
3.1~6 6.1~30 30.1~120 120.1~400 400.1~1000 1000.1~2000 2000.1~4000
ITEM NO.
CODE.
REV.
NO.
SCALE
(MM)
3
38
39

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Rev. No. : A
3.3 Installation of Surface Wash System

Field installation of the Surface wash system will be simple and problem-free provided these instructions
are followed.


2. Check that the filter cell dimensions are within the tolerances specified on the approved project
drawings.
3. Header pipe and lateral pipe bracket mounting positions mark off at the wall of the filter.
3.3.3 Surface wash system installation
Filter plan at top of Surface wash system

40

Doc. No. : 2015-08-22

Rev. No. : A
Filter Section
Installation of Lateral pipe
Detail of Surface wash Header pipe
Detail of Lateral pipe

41

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Rev. No. : A
3.3.4 Drawings of Surface Wash System
42
43
NOTE.
1. BM 1SET .
2. 12SET .
3.
2
1
2015.04
2015.02
2014.01
NO.
DATA
1 ~ 63 64~125 126~250 251~500 501~1000 1001~2000 2001~4000 4001~8000 8001~16000

(MM)
(MM)
1.5
2.5
3
4
5
6
8
10
2
44
0.5~3
3.1~6 6.1~30 30.1~120 120.1~400 400.1~1000 1000.1~2000 2000.1~4000
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.8
1.2
2.0
ITEM NO.
CODE.
SCALE
4.0
REV.
NO.

Doc. No. : 2015-08-22

Rev. No. : A
3.4 Installation of Media
* IMPORTANT :
The LP Blocks may or may not have been supplied with Media Retention Plates fitted. For installations with
Media Retention Plates, a layer of gravel to support the media is NOT required.
Figure 5.1 Media installation
3.4.1 Guidelines for Correct Media Installation :

1. In order to locate the top of the media layer, measure from the top of the LP Block Laterals.
(and associated set out lines around the interior filter sidewalls)
2. Use dust masks for installing gravel and/or media.
3. Lower the bags to 400 - 450 mm above the existing level. (Figure 5.1)
4. Make a media pile by emptying one bag. Once the pile is established other bags can be emptied
on top without restrictions.
5. Use a rake to properly level the layer.
6. Use a straight edge to verify each layer height. The top of each layer must be level in two
directions. Fill the filter with water up to each level to verify height is acceptable.
7. Do NOT walk directly on the gravel or media. Use walk boards for this purpose. Keep an inventory
of splash and walk boards. Remove all boards when work is done.
8. Use only the calculated amount of gravel / media and then level it. Do NOT fill low spots with
additional gravel. Do NOT use a complete bag when a partial bag is required. Otherwise, there may
not be enough bags to complete the installation.
9. Cover the final layer with plastic until filters are placed into service to prevent the media from being
contaminated with foreign material.
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Rev. No. : A
4. Testing
4.1 General Testing Guidelines
Prior to media placement, the LP Block Dual Parallel Lateral system must be tested with water and air to
confirm proper installation.
4.1.1 Preparation for Testing :

Personnel fully trained in the operating procedure or an Hyorim representative must carry out the testing.
* NOTE :
Allow the grout to set for at least 7 days before testing the filter cell.
Make sure the backwash water / air system is operational. As a minimum the following tasks must be
completed :
1. The filters open / close valves have been tested and are operational.
2. All flow control loops have been tested, calibrated and functional.
3. Backwash Pump and surface wash pump are operational.
4. Ensure an adequate supply of clean potable quality, chlorinated or otherwise disinfected water is
available for testing.
* WARINING
Note that the use of any other water may damage the Media Retention Plates.
4.2 Water Testing
* WARINING
Naver allw a pump to deliver its full capacity to the filter upon start up. This will cause shock loading
and may resultin disruption to the LP-Block Dual Parallel Lateral filter floor. Always use soft starting pump
isolation valve and, additionally, ensure tat all water pump are slowly increased up to their full operating
pressure as outlined below.
1. Ensure that the backwash system is free of air and fully pressurized. The contractor and engineer
should review the piping system and ensure that operational air release valves have been installed at
all relevant high points.
2. Slowly fill the filter with clean water at a rate of 5m3/h/m2. Let the water level rise to 150 mm
above the LP-Block Dual Parallel Lateral filter floor. Where Media Retention Plates are fitted, allow the
plates to soak for at least 2 hours before proceeding further.
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Rev. No. : A
3. Drain the filter until water level falls just below the top of the Dual Parallel Lateral.
(i.e. Water cannot be seen).
4. Inspect the Dual Parallel Lateral surface and remove any debris that may have been flushed up to
the surface.
5. Start filling again at approximately 12m3/m2/h and observe the water pattern.
6a. For installations without Media Retention Plates: Observe the water jet pattern from the orifices.
This should be reasonably uniform over the entire filter floor.
6b. For installations with Media Retention Plates : Observe the water pattem and check for any boils or
dead spots in the pattem.
7. If the pattern is uneven, lower the water level. Rectify, repair and retest as necessary until an
acceptable distribution pattern is obtained.
8. Continue filling the filter cell with water at a rate of 12m3/m2/h until the level of water reaches the
trough level, or no air from the system is observed.
9. Over a period of 1-2 minutes, increase the water rate to 30 - 44m3/m2/h. The increase should be
gradual. As the water is rising, look for localised turbulence or boils.
10. If any turbulence or boils are observed, drain the filter and inspect the Laterals for plugged orifices,
bad joints or displaced Endplates. Rectify, repair and retest as necessary until an acceptable
distribution pattern is obtained.
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Rev. No. : A
5. Operation
5.1 General
The consulting engineer as a part of the complete water treatment plant operation usually provides
operating instructions, specific to a job. Consult with the engineer to determine the required backwash
water flow rates before conducting any backwashes.
5.2 Normal Operation

Operate the filters per treatment plant operating instructions.
Observing the following general instruction will provide trouble-free operation of the filter plant:
1. Never fill a dry filter from the top.
2. Avoid major flow changes.
3. Backwash the filters per operating instructions.
4. Never use dirty water to backwash filters.
5. Avoid quick opening or closing of any valves. All rate control valves should be smooth
opening type minimum 60 seconds opening or closing.
6. Maintain the backwash system equipment for proper operation.
7. Never backwash filters without proper flow measurement or flow control.
5.3 Hydraulic only (Surface wash in use)

1. Close the Influent & Effluent Valve.
2. Open the filter Backwash outlet & Drain Valve
3. Allow filter level to drain to the 10cm above filter media
4. Upon reaching the above, close the Drain Valve.
5. Open the surface wash control valve (if water supply is via a pump turn on the pump).
6. Surface wash water rate should be up to 2 gpm/sf.
7. Open the filter Backwash Valve.
8. Start the Backwash Pump.
9. Slowly (Over a period of at least 60 seconds) open the Backwash Control Valve to achieve a flow
rate in the range of 8 to 10 gpm/sf.. Maintain wash rate for 12 minutes.
48

Doc. No. : 2015-08-22

Rev. No. : A
10. Close the surface wash supply valve(turn off any associated supply pump)
11. Slowly (Over a period of at least 60 seconds) continue to open the Backwash Control Valve to
achieve the required flow rate to achieve effective fluidization for the installed media (The rate can
range between 12 and 20 gpm per square foot of filter area and the fluidization rate is temperature
dependent). Refer to the filter media manufacturers fluidization guidelines or engineers
requirements for media fluidization to determine the correct backwash water flow rate. Maintain this
rate for approximately 8 10 minutes.
12. Slowly (Over a period of at least 60 seconds) close the control valve decreasing the
flow rate in the range of 8 to 10gpm per square foot of filter area. Maintain this rate
for approximately 2-3minutes.
13. Close the Backwash Control Valve.
14. Close the filter Backwash Valve.
15. Close the filter Drain Valve.
16. Open the Influent Valve. Allow the filter to reach normal operating level.
18. Open the filter to Waste Valve. Allow rewash of sufficient time as necessary to stabilize the filter
turbidity level.
19. Close the filter to Waste Valve.
20. Open the filter Effluent Valve to normal operating flow.
- END of PROCEDURE -
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
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Rev. No. : A
6. Maintenance
6.1 General Maintenance Guidelines
No periodic maintenance is required, however, at any time a filter is taken out of service and media and
gravel are removed, check the following:
1. LP Blocks (Media Retention Plate not fitted) Check for damage. Check top orifices for any blockages.
2. LP Blocks (Media Retention Plate fitted) Check Media Retention Plates for damage check pores for
any blockages.
3. Grout - Check grout between the LP Blocks and at the walls for damage. Repair as necessary.
If any repair work has been undertaken then the complete LP Block Dual Parallel Lateral cell floor must
be re-tested in accordance with Section 6 testing procedures.
57
TETRA LP BlockTM
Dual Parallel Lateral Underdrain
Efficient and Effective Drinking Water Filter Floors
TETRA LP BlockTM
Dual Parallel Lateral Underdrain
650.0046.5 NOV/12
58
TETRA LP BlockTM
Drinking water dual parallel lateral underdrain
In municipal drinking water applications or pre-treatment for desalination plants using
gravity filters, the filter underdrain is one of the most important components contributing
to overall system performance and operation whether a new filter design or retrofitting
an existing filter.
The TETRA LP BlockTM dual parallel lateral underdrain from Severn Trent Services is
a proven design of filter underdrain offering superior distribution of both backwash air
and water, either sequentially or concurrently. The system is NSF61 and UK Secretary of
State approved and also has certification for use with drinking water applications in other
countries.
Effective media cleaning is the key requirement for a filter to function efficiently under all
loading conditions. Backwashing gravity or upflow filters is necessary to remove the solids
collected by the media during the filtration run. In the TETRA LP Block underdrain, air and/
or water is distributed evenly across the entire filter bottom during the backwash cycle to
effectively remove and release solids from the filter. The use of concurrent or sequential air
and water significantly reduces the volume of dirty backwash water produced and drastically
lowers operating costs through the uniform backwash process.
The TETRA LP Block underdrain ensures lower operating costs and effective backwash
distribution that can improve run times.
U BLOCK
CURRENT LP BLOCK
NEW ANCHOR-RITE
LP BLOCK
Resists 1.75 more uplift

force than U Block
Resists 3.75 more uplift

force than U Block
The TETRA LP Block underdrain features the unique and patented* (US20100314305)
Anchor-Rite and (US Pat. No 6,110,366) GroutGripTM design. The GroutGrip increases
resistance to uplift from the filter floor and the Anchor-Rite fastens the block to the floor.
The LP Block with GroutGrip includes six rows of integrally molded dovetail wedges
that become embedded in the floor grout, offering 1.75 times the pullout strength of a
conventional underdrain block. The LP Block with Anchor-Rite is bolted to the filter floor
to prevent buoyancy. GroutGrip is integral to the block; the Anchor-Rite is optional.
*Patent Pending
59
Features and Benefits

Features
Benefits
:: Lightweight and robust

design
:: Excellent distribution of
backwash air/water - more
efficient bed cleaning and
reduced filter operating
costs
:: No moving or wearing part

:: Low profile
:: GroutGrip design
:: Anchor-Rite design
:: Media retention plate
:: Wide profile design

means approximately
1/3 less laterals and thus
fewer joints and grout are
required and reduced
installation costs
:: Easy maintenance, long life
and simple installation
:: Easy retrofit of existing
shallow filters with air/water
backwash and/or greater
media depth
:: GroutGrip design offers

increased adhesion to filter
floor
:: Anchor-Rite designs offer
buoyancy prevention
:: Easy to install in retrofit
applications
:: Dual air/water backwash
uses significantly less water
than water alone
:: Media retention plate
prevents media from
entering the block, and
also simplifies media
replacement
:: Low profile reduces the
filter box depth for added
savings on new construction
For more information please contact our sales team on:
+1 412 788 8300

Email: info@severntrentservices.com
or visit our website: www.severntrentservices.com
Tel:
60
Principle of Operation
The TETRA LP Block underdrain provides an improved distribution of backwash water to the filter
media through the use of dual compensating laterals. Backwash water enters the primary laterals
and then passes through the control orifices into the secondary laterals.
Backwash air is properly distributed by the careful design of the upper control orifices between the
primary and secondary laterals, providing even air distribution.
Media retention plates maximize the available filter tank depth. Careful quality control and testing
during the plate manufacturing process is used to ensure that the media retention plates prohibit
media pass through and provide proper flow characteristics. Severn Trent Services should be
consulted on the use of media retention plates when lime softening or alum coagulant are used
upstream as these are known to potentially plug the plates.
Technical Data
Product Specification - TETRA LP Block
Length
Width
Height
Weight
95.7 cm (37 11/16)
41.9 cm (16 1/2)
20.3 cm (8)
11.2 kg (24.7 lb)
Approvals
:: UK Secretary of State and NSF61 certification for use with drinking water treatment
:: Local approval
Materials
:: Constructed of HDPE
Secondary
Laterals
Bolt Hole
Distribution
Orifices
Control
Orifices
Primary
Laterals
61
LP Block System Components

1
TETRA LP Block Underdrain

:: Provides even distribution during air, air/water and water backwash phases
:: Easy and quick to install, lightweight and corrosion free construction
Air Header
:: Engineered for specic backwash requirements
+1 412 788 8300

Tel:
62
Filter Construction
1) A ume or trough is formed in the bottom of the lter cell.
The backwash air header is installed within this trough or, if
required, can also be mounted above the lter TWL. Steel
reinforcing bars are used over the ume area to anchor the
ume blocks down.
2) The TETRA LP Blocks with retention plate tted are preassembled into rows and then installed onto a bed of grout on
the lter oor. Bridging strips prevent the grout falling into the
ume.
3) Once the oor is set, grout is placed between the TETRA LP

Block to the top of the retention plate to provide a totally level
and sealed oor.
4) The oor is air pattern tested prior to installation of the lter

media.
63
Media Retention Plates

TETRA LP Block underdrains are available with media retention plates to prevent media loss through the filter floor and
also increase the available filter headroom. The media retention plate replaces conventional graded gravel layers.
The S-Plate is manufactured of precisely sized and carefully sintered HDPE beads that ensure even distribution of
backwash air and water for increased run times and lower operating costs.
Features
Benefits
:: Lightweight and robust design
:: Easy to install and removable
:: 19 mm (3/4) plate replaces

300 mm (12) typical gravel
depth
:: Reduces depth requirement

for media, which is particularly
beneficial for shallow filters
:: Compatible with Water Treatment

Chemicals
:: Provides uniform flow distribution

at a headloss similar to 300 mm
(12) gravel depth
19 mm (3/4)
:: Factory tested (<125 mm wg loss

@ 70 m/h) (5 WC loss at 41 cfm/sf),
sealed and mounted
+1 412 788 8300

Tel:
64
:: Retains media down to 450

micron (0.45 mm) particle size
:: Does not leach chemicals into the
drinking water supply
:: Media retention plate prevents
media loss through the filter, and
also simplifies media replacement
Represented by:
650.0046.5 NOV/12
Severn Trent Services

Park West 1, Ste. 600
Cliff Mine Road
Pittsburgh, PA 15275
Tel +1 412 788 8300
Toll +1 800 364 1600
Fax +1 412 788 8303
info@severntrentservices.com
65

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KUWAS WATER SUPPLY PROJECT

Operating & Maintenance Instruction

Doc. No. : 2015-08-22

Rapid Gravity Filter

WATER SYPPLY IMPROVEMENT

Operating & Maintenance

RAPID GRAVITY FILTERS

KUWAS WATER SUPPLY PROJECT

Doc. No. : 2015-08-22

Rapid Gravity Filter

General Description ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 01

Equipment Description -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 02

Manufacturer Specification ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 05

Installation of Underdrain blocks -------------------------------------------------------------------- 11

Installation of Wash water Trough ------------------------------------------------------------------ 35

Installation of Surface Wash System --------------------------------------------------------------- 40

3.4 Installation of Media ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45

General Testing Guidelines --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46

Water Testing -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46

KUWAS WATER SUPPLY PROJECT

Doc. No. : 2015-08-22

Rapid Gravity Filter

Normal Operation --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48

Backwashing Procedure -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48

Electric and Instrument

Instrument Catalogue ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 231

Panel Cataloque ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 340

KUWAS WATER SUPPLY PROJECT

Doc. No. : 2015-08-22

Rapid Gravity Filter

1.1.2 Performance Requirement and Design Basis

: W 3.7 m X L 6.1 m X 2 Cells

Filter Area, basin(m2)

Filtration Rate, m/hr(m/hr/m2)

Water Only Backwash Rate, m/hr(m/hr/m2)

Surface Wash Rate, Water, m/hr(m/hr/m2)

KUWAS WATER SUPPLY PROJECT

Doc. No. : 2015-08-22

Rapid Gravity Filter

1.2 Equipment Description

KUWAS WATER SUPPLY PROJECT

Doc. No. : 2015-08-22

Rapid Gravity Filter

1.2.2 Media Retention Cap

1.2.3 Wash Water Trough

KUWAS WATER SUPPLY PROJECT

Doc. No. : 2015-08-22

Rapid Gravity Filter

1.2.4 Filter Media

: Not greater than 1.5

Apparent Specific Gravity

: Greater than 2.7 on MOH scale

B. Silica Sand(Out of Scope)

: Fine Sand 300 mm

: Fine Sand 0.5 mm

: Not greater than 1.5

Apparent Specific Gravity

: Not less than 2.60

KUWAS WATER SUPPLY PROJECT

Doc. No. : 2015-08-22

Rapid Gravity Filter

1.3 Manufacturer Specification

Filter Characteristics (Design operating parameters for each unit)