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t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
w&m;tm;rxk w f r D j yKvk y f & ef yk A u d p
(5)yg;
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xufq;kH ab;roD&efrc use;f rm csr;f om
Muygap/
3

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
a&S;a&S;b0 ,ckb0 jyKjyKorQ
wynfah wmfw\
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wdkYonf wynfhawmfwkdY tvdk&Sdtyfaom
r*fzdkvf edAmefudk &jcif;a&mufjcif;tusKd;
iSm vsifjrefpGm aus;Zl;jyKyg&apownf;/
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vdkawmhonf taorOD;cif
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ur|mef;awmif;
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t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
ur|meH arbaE a'x
oHom&0'kuawm armpewm,/
baE=t&Sijf rwfwb
Ykd &k m;/ ar(trSmuH) =
wynfah wmfwt
Ykd m;/ oHom&0'ku awm
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vGwfajrmufygapjcif;tusKd;iSm/ ur|meH
=r*f O mPf z d k v f a yguf ed A m ef a&muf
aMumif; taumif;qHk;jzpfaom ur|mef;
w&m;udk/ a'x=ukPmxm; ay;oem;
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vuFmaqmifyk'f
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&SpfoG,fudk? tvG,fusufrSwf? odap
tyfonf? oHo&mrS vGwfaMumif;wnf;/
5

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
t0dZmESif?h wPSm&if;cH? Oy'gef?
uHaMumifh kyfemrfay:/ tyifrSrsKd;? rsKd;rS
tyif? trQifrjywf? qufpyfonfh[ef?
uHaMumifh emrfkyf? emrfkyfaMumifhuH?
tzefzef? jzpfjyefenf;tavsmf/ jA[m
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pD & if z ef q if ; ? taMumif ; &if ; aMumif h ?
vlewfrsm;pGm? ow0gwdkY? jzpfvm&rI?
r[kwf[k? OmPfjzifhIarQmf/
a,m*Dusifh0wf (6) yg;
trI r rsm;? pum;od r f ; qnf ; ?
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rBuD;? wpfa,mufwnf;ae? ajcmuf
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0dyemtusKd;
vuf&SdcEm?rwG,fwmESifh? aemif
vmb0? rawmifhwbJ? aMumifhMu ZGJjzifh?
6

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
tNrJrjywf? 0dyem? avhvmBudrfzef?
tmpdPuH? jzpfaMumif;rSefrl? xdkonfhol
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udpravsmf? taMumif;ay:? r
awmfwq? r*fr&tH;k ? b0trGe?f wrvGef
wGi?f xl;cRet
f ahH vmuf? ewfjynfa&muf?
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orm" bdua 0 bma0x ?

7

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
orm[dawm ,xmblwH yZmemwd/
bdua 0? a,m*Dtaygif; olawmf
aumif;wdkY/ orm" ? orm"dudk/ bma0x?
yG m ;rsm;Muyguk e f a vmh / orm[d a wm?
orm"dwnfrS/ 0g? pdwfwnfNidrfrS/ ,xm
blwH? [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm/ yZmemwd? od\?
jrif\/
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udk xlaxmifMu&ygr,f/
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w&m;yGm;rsm; tm;xkwfzdkY&m rvG,fulyg
bl;/
avmurSm vlawG[m om;tmHk
orD;tmHk pD;yGg;a&;tmHkawGeJYyJ tcsdef
8

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
ukefaecJhwmrsm;wJhtwGuf pdwfawG[m
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ygw,f/
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a,mifa,mif 'Da,mifa,mifvkyfae&if
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ygbl;/
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bl ; / tJ ' gaMumif h orm"d & atmif
xlaxmif ay;zdkYvdktyfygw,f/
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twGuf a&SUydkif;u oDvudk aqmufwnf
ay;yg/ &Sio
f m&dyw
k & m ud,
k af wmfjrwfBu;D
9

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
uvJ oDvr&Sd&if b,favmufyJ BuKd;pm;
tm;xkwyf gap edAm efr&Edik b
f ;l vdYk t*Fw
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Edkifawmif w&m;rxdkifcif oDv,lapjcif;
jzpfyg w,f/
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BuD ; u orm"d x l a xmif z d k Y t wG u f
ur|mef;rsm;pGm a[mMum;NyD;xm;cJhyg
w,f/ tJ't
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taygif; olawmfaumif;wdkY tmemyge
wdur|mef;udk yGg;rsm;tm;xkwf Mu&
ygr,f/
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0g kurlv*awm0g oknm*g&*awm0g
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yPd " m, y&d r k c H ow Oy|aywG m /
aomoawm0 towd ? oawm0
yowd/
10

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
ur|mef;w&m;udk yGg;rsm;tm;
xkwfwJh a,m*Dyk*Kdvf[m awmrSmaomf
vnf;aumif;? opfwpfyif&if;rSmaomf
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pcef;rSmqdk&if vloHoloH uif;qdwfNyD;
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w,f/ udk,fhtdrfrSmqdkvdkY&Sd&ifvJ pufawG
bmawG ydwx
f m;zdv
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kd yfygw,f/ orm"d
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jzpfygw,f/
xdkifwJhtcg wifyvifacGjzpf
ap? usKUH usKUH jzpfap xdik v
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ygeJ Y / xyf N yD ; xm;vd k Y & S d & if orm"d t m;
raumif;cifrSmyJ a0'emu tm;BuD;vm
11

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
wJhtwGuf w&m;tm;xkwf&rSm aMumuf
vefYoGm;wwfygw,f/ cg;udkrwfrwfxm;
yg/ aumhNyD;awmhvJ raeygapeJY/ atmuf
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a&S U rS m &S d w J h
t&m0w K ud k
wnfhwnfhrwfrwf Munfhae ovdkxm;yg/
b,f b uf v uf z 0g;ay:
nm
bufvufz0g; xyfNyD;awmh wifxm;/
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d x
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vdkufyg/
ES m oD ; zsm;u av0if v m&if
]0ifav} vdkY oday;vkdufyg/ ESmoD;zsm;u
12

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
avxGuf&if ]xGufav} vdkY oday;vkduf
yg/
0ifav . . . od/
xGufav . . . od/
rod odatmifqdkNyD;awmh tjyif;
txef SLp&m Idufp&mvJ rvdkygbl;/
atmif h x m; p&mvJ rvd k y gbl ; /
yH k r S e f I a eMu I d u f a eMuav;ud k y J
owduyfay;vkdufyg/
wu,fawmh 0ifav xGufav
qdkwm rdcif0rf;wGif;u arG;zGm;vmwJh
tcsdefupNyD; IIdufaewmyg/ 'gayr,fh
owd r xm;awmh r od y gbl ; / rod a wmh
orm"dvrJ &ygbl;/ tckoad e w,fqw
dk m
[mjzifh omrnr[kwfygbl;/ owdudef;
vdkY odaewmyg/ 0ifav xGufav oday;
aeyg/ oday;aeyg/
[dak wG; 'DawG; awG;raeygeJ/Y ai;
raeygeJY/ awG;ae&if ai;ae&if pdwfudk
ESmoD;zsm; jyefydkY yg/ 0ifav . . . od/
13

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
xGufav . . . od jyefrSwfaeyg/
vlU&JUpdwfqdkwm tNrJwrf;tmHk
awGeJY aysmfarGUaewm/ rsufpdu tqif;
tmHk ? em;u toHtmHk ? ESmacgif;u
teHt
Y mHk ? vQmu t&omtmHk ? ud,
k u
f
awGUxdp&mtmHk ? pdwfu BuHawG;p&m
tmHkawGbufudk ajy;wwfygw,f/ olU
bmom b,fvdkyJajy;ajy; b,favmufyJ
ajy;ajy; a,m*Du pdwfudk ESmoD;zsm;
jyefydkYyg/ 0ifav . . .od ? xGufav .
. . od rSwfyg/
t|uxmq&mrsm;u ykxkZOfwdkY
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EGm;dkif;qdkawmh ezm;BuKd;eJY csnffwdkifeJYrS
raebl;wm/ olUbmom vGwfvGwfvyf
vyf oG m ;csif w moG m ; a0S Y c sif w ma0S Y
uefcsifwmuefeYJaygh/ a[m ezm;BuKd;eJY
csnfwdkifeJYvJjzpfvma&m raewwfawmh
bl;/ tm;ukef ek ;f awmhwmyJ/ odaYk omfvyJ J
14

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
BuKd;urjywfwJhtwGuf aemufqHk; arm
yrf;NyD;awmh csnfwdkifem;rSmyJ tdyfaysmf
oGm;w,f/
xdkYtwlygyJ/ ykxkZOfwkdY&JU pdwfqdk
wmuvJ oHo&mwpfavQmufvHk; umr
*kPfw&m;awGeJYyJ ajy;vTm;aqmhupm;ae
cJhwm/ tJ'Dpdwfudk ur|mef;tmHkay:vJ
wifay;vdkufa&m tNidrfraeEdkifawmhbl;/
zsyfzsyfudkvl;aewmyJ/
owdqdkwm csnfaESmifwJhBuKd;eJY
wlygw,f/
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w,f/
a,m*Du pdwfysufvufysuf r
jzpfygeJ/Y pdwu
f v
kd w
T Nf y;D awmhvJ rxm;ygeJ/Y
a,m*DwdkYtaeeJY om;a&;orD;a&; pD;yGg;
a&;udpa wGukd y,fpeG cYf gG Ny;D awmh ur|mef;
w&m;udyk gG ;rsm;tm;xkwaf eMuwmjzpfw,f/
pdwfudktvdkvdkufxm;&if raumif;ygbl;/
15

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
avmurSm olwpfyg;&JUpdwftBuHudk odwJh
yk*Kdvfrsm;&Sdygw,f/ tJ'Dyk*Kdvfrsm;u
]b,f o l b ,f 0 gawmh u G m w&m;tm;
xkwfw,fqdkNyD; [dkawG;'DawG; awG;ae
wmygyJ/ ai;aewmygyJ} vdYk tuJ&h UJ cH&rSm
udk awG;aMumufyg/
tJ'gaMumifh a,m*Dwt
Ykd aeeJY pdwf
utNidrfraebl;/ [dk[dk'D'Dajy;aew,fqdk
&if tJ'Dajy;aewJhpdwfudk owdBuKd;eJYcsnf
NyD; ESmoD;zsm;csnfwkdifrSm wkyfaESmifvkduf
yg/ BuKd;ucdkifzdkYvdkovdk NrJNrHpGmvJcsnfzdkY
vdkygw,f/ vGwfvGwfoGm;w,fqdkwm
csnfxm;wJhBuKd;urcdkifvdkYyg/ qdkvdkwmu
owdvGwfaevdkYyg/ owdvGwfwmeJY pdwf
u tmHak wGbuf ajy;awmhwmygyJ/ owd
xm;yg/ owd x m;yg/ owd q d k w m
ydkw,fvdkYr&Sdygbl;/ vdkw,fom&Sdygw,f/
]owd v uf v G w f iS u f a wmif
uRwf} vdkYqdkygw,f/ [kwfygw,f/ iSuf
16

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
ypform;[m a&mif;rukefwJhiSufawGudk
tawmifcsKd;xm; jzwfxm;ygw,f/ tJ'D
awmh iSufuav;awG[m &efolUvufu
vGwaf tmif rysEH ikd af wmhygbl;/ taoqk;d
eJYaoMu&ygw,f/ a,m*DwdkYrSmvJ owd
vufvGwfjzpfaevdkY&Sd&if taovGwf&m
edAmefudk ra&mufEdkifawmhygbl;/
jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfjrwf
Bu;D uvJ ]tyrma'g trwH y'H ? yrma'g
rpKaem y'H} ]rarhedAmef arhokmef} vdkY
a[mMum;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ tdk em aoqdk
wJh qif;&J'u
k u
vGwaf jrmufcsi&f if owd
&SdzdkYvkdygw,f/ owdNrJzdkYvdkygw,f/ tJ'g
aMumifh owduyfyg/ ESmoD;zsm;u av0if
vm&if 0ifavvkdYoday;yg/ ESmoD;zsm;u
avxGuf&if xGufavvdkYoday;yg/ av
aMumif;BuD;udk rMunfhygeJY/ avxd&mudkyJ
Munfhyg/ avmrBuD;eJY/ Asmrrsm;eJY/ rSefrSef
av;oday;aeyg/ oday;ae&if rMumcifrmS
17

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
orm"d&vmygvdrfhr,f/ tvGefqHk; (10)
rdepf (15) rdepfaygh/
xdkufoifhoavmuf orm"d&vm
Nyq
D &kd if 0dyemydik ;f udk ul;&ygr,f/ tJ'D
awmh 0dyemqdkwm omoemawmf
wGif;w&m; ? jrwfpGmbk&m; yGifhawmfrlrS
yGg;rsm;tm;xkwcf iG &hf wJw
h &m;/ omoemy
umvrSmqdk&if 'ge oDv orxavmuf
udyk J jyKvyk t
f m;xkwcf iG &hf wmyg/ 0dyem
qdkwm toHawmif rMum;&ygbl;/ ,aeY
a,m*DwdkY[m tvGefuHaumif;wJholrsm;
jzpfwJhtwGuf 0dyemw&m;udk yGg;rsm;
tm;xkwcf iG &hf wmyg/ &vmwJt
h cGit
hf a&;
udk tvGJoHk;pm;rvkyfvkdufygeJY/ uHay:
OmPfqifEh ikd af tmif BuK;d pm;yg/ 'grS edAm ef
wHcg;yGifhrSmyg/
aumif;NyD/ 'gqdk&if 0dyemqdk
wm b,fvdkI&w,fqdkwmudk ajymjyygh
r,f/ rajymao;cif tm;Bu;D wJh 0dyem
18

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
jzpfzdkYta&; oGm;MuygOD;pdkY/
ynw XaywGm tedpm'dtmum
a&e 0d0d"H ywDwd 0dyemvdkY 0dok'd
r*f r[m#DumrSm ynwfudk t&ifcGgNyD;rS
jzpf y suf I & r,f v d k Y qd k x m;wJ h t wG u f
ynwfeJYy&rwfudk tMurf;zsif;tm;jzifh
em;vnfxm;zdkY vdktyfygw,f/
r&Sdynwf &Sdy&rwf/
ynwfudkvJ ry,feJY/
y&rwfudkvJ ruG,fapeJY/
ynwfy,fu tyg,fus/
y&rwfuGufu edAmefr&/
ynwfeYJ y&rwfqNkd y;D awmh ESprf sK;d
ESpfpm;&Sdw,fvdkY rSwf&r,f/ taz tar
a,musfm; rdef;r yk*Kdvf ow0gqdkwm
ynwf/ acgif; cg; ajcvufwkdY rsufpd em;
ESmacgif; vQm udk,fwdkYqdkwmawG[m
ynwfw&m;awGyg/ tJ'gaMumifh wu,f
r&Syd gbl;/ r&Sad yr,fv
h J ry,fygeJ/Y y,f&if
19

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
ty,fuswwfygw,f/ odkYaomf ynwf
jzpfaewJhtwGuf 0dyem&JU tmHkawmh
r[kwfygbl;/ orx&JU tmHkom jzpfyg
w,f/
0d y em&J U
tmH k u
y&rwfw&m; jzpfw,f/ y&rwfqdkwm
t&S d w &m;/ razmuf r jyef w J h w &m;/
ed A m ef a &muf o nf h
wd k i f a tmif
rSefwJhw&m;/
pdwf apwoduf kyf edAmefqdkNyD;
y&rwfw&m; (4) yg;&Sdygw,f/ edAmefu
tocFww&m;jzpfvdkY 0dyem&JU tmHk
r[kwfygbl;/ r*f zdkvfwdkY&JU tmHkomjzpf
w,f/ ocFww&m;jzpfwhJ pdwf apwoduf
kyfawGuawmh 0dyem&JUtmHkrsm;jzpf
w,f/ 0dyemI&r,fh tIcHrsm; jzpfyg
w,f/
qd k v d k w mu a,m*D w d k Y t aeeJ Y
0dyemIwJhtcg acgif; cg; ajcvuf
a,musfm; rdef;rqdkwmawGudk y,fcGgNyD;
20

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
awmh y&rwfvdkYqdkwJh oabmw&m;udk
jrifatmifMunfhay;zdkYygyJ/
0dyemIwJhtcgrSmawmh owd
y|mefav;yg; wpfyg;yg;udk vufudkifxm;
NyD; I&ygr,f/ owdy|mefvGwfNyD; IvdkYr&
ygbl;/
udavomrsm;NyD; OmPftm;enf;
wJh a,m*DawGu um,mEkyem owd
y|mefudk I&ygr,f/ um,mEkyem
owdy|mefqw
kd m lyuEm -kyu
f kd w
I m yg/
udavomrsm;NyD; OmPfxufwJh
a,m*D a wG u a0'emEk y em owd
y|mefukd I&ygr,f/ a0'emEkyemowd
y|mefqdkwm a0'emuEm-a0'emudkI
wmyg/
'd | d p d k u f r sm;wJ h a,m*D a wG u
pdwmEkyemowdy|mefudk I&ygr,f/
pdwmEkyemowdy|mefqdkwm

21

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
0dOmPuEm-pdwfudkIwmyg/
udavomenf;NyD; OmPfxufwJh
a,m*DawGu "rmEkyemowdy|mef udk
I & ygr,f / "r m Ek y emowd y |mef
qdkwm onmuEm-ocFg&uEm-onm eJY
ocFg&udk Iwmyg/
a,m*DwdkYtaeeJY owdy|mefav;
yg;pvH;k I&rSm r[kwyf gbl;/ rdrw
d pYdk du
k ef YJ
oifhavsmfwJh owdy|mefudk a&G;NyD; I&rSm
jzpfygw,f/ b,fol[m b,fpdkuf&Sd
w,f / b,f o wd y |mef I & r,f q d k w m
bk&m;rSvGJNyD; b,folrS wyftyfaocsm
rodEdkif rajymEdkifygbl;/ tJ'gaMumifhvJ
jrwfpGmbk&m;u owdy|mefav;yg; a[m
Mum;cJhNyD; OD;Zif;wdkYuvJ jrwfpGmbk&m;\
tqHk;trawmfudk OD;xdyfyefqifvsuf
ajymMum;&jcif;jzpfw,f/
em;u w&m;emyg/ OmPfu cEm
bufvSnfhyg/ OD;Zif;wdkY a[mwJh ajymwJh
22

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
w&m;emwmu ukodkvf&HkyJ/ cEmu
a[mwJhajymwJh w&m;udkemygrS edAmef&
r,f/ tJ'gaMumifh cEmudk OmPfeMYJ unfah y;
yg/
cEm/ cEmqdkwm vHk;&yfo@mef
yHk[efedrdwf&SdwJh a,musfm;yJ rdef;ryJqdkwJh
twabmcEmudk ajymwmr[kwfygbl;/
tJ'DcEmu cEmawmh cEmygyJ/ 'gayr,fh
0d y emI & r,f h c E m r[k w f y gbl ; /
0dyemI&r,fhcEmqdkwmul y u E m -azmuf j yef r I o abm
w&m;tpk
a0'emuEm-aumif; raumif;
cHpm;rIoabmw&m;tpk
onmuEm-rSwfom;rI oabm
w&m;tpkk
ocF g &u E m -jyKjyif r I oabm
w&m;tpk
0dnmPuEm-odrIoabm
23

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
w&m;tpk
]azmufjyef cHpm; rSwfom;
jyKjyif od0dnmPf ig;tifcEmrSwf}
qd k w J h oabmcE m rsm;om jzpf w ,f /
oabm
ouf o uf r Qomjzpf w J h
y&rwf c E m awG [m igvJ r [k w f
olvJr[kwf a,musfm; rdef;r yk*Kdvf
ow0gvJr[kw/f taMumif; aMumifjh zpfwhJ
tusKd ; w&m;om
jzpf w ,f /
taMumif;w&m;xJrSmvJ igryg/ tusKd;
w&m;xJrSmvJ igryg/
rsupf d em; ESmacgif; vQm ud,
k f
pdwq
f w
kd hJ cEmay:&m(6) Xme&Sw
d ,f/ tJ'D
(6) XmerSm wpfXmer[kwf wpfXme cEm
awG[m tNrw
J rf;ay:aeygw,f/ ray:wJh
tcsed &f ,fvYkd r&Syd gbl;/ rodwmyJ&w
dS myg/
ay:wJt
h cgrSmvJ wpfyg;pDcNJG y;D awmhay:wm
r[kwyf gbl;/ ig;yg;vH;k twlwal y:wmyg/
'gayr,fh xif&Sm;wmudkyJ odygw,f/
xdkifwmMumvmwmeJYtrQ
24

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
a,m*D w d k Y o E m ef r S m emwm usif w m
udu
k cf w
J m awmifw
h m wif;wm ponft
tm;jzifh oabmw&m;awG wpfrsKd;r[kwf
wpfrsKd; ay:ygvdrfhr,f/ a,m*DwdkYu cEm
ay:wmvdkY ESvHk;oGif;ay;yg/ ae&mudk
rawG U ygapeJ Y / oabmcE m ud k y J
awGUatmifMunfh yg/
qdkygpdkY/ ajcaxmufawGu em
w,fqdk&if ajcaxmufudkrMunfheJY/ emwJh
oabmudkMunfh/ ajcaxmufu ynwf/
emwJ h o abmu y&rwf / ynwf c H & if
jzpfysurf jrifygbl;/ y&rwfxifrS jzpfysuf
jrifygr,f/
cEmu ]{[d-vmvSnfh/ yIvn
S }hf vdaYk c:aeygw,f/ cEmuac:&mudk
wPSmeJrY IygeJ/Y rmeeJrY IygeJ/Y 'd|ed rYJ IygeJ/Y
wPSm rme 'd|deJYI&if Oyg'gefvmygvdrfh
r,f/ Oyg'gefaMumifh urb0 ? urb0
aMumifh Zmwdqdk&if b0cEmwzefjyefyg
25

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
vdrfhr,f/
oHo&mwpfavQmufvHk; tMunfh
rSm; tIrSm;cJhwJhtwGuf bk&m;tqlqleJY
tvGJBuD;vGJcJhMu&w,f/ tdk em aoqdkwJh
qif;&J'kutrsKd;rsKd;eJY awGUcJhMu&w,f/ tdk
emaoudk b,forl S rvdck siaf yr,fh a&Smif
vTv
J rYkd &wm cEmudk tMunfrh mS ; tIrmS ;cJh
MuvdkYyJ/
oEd|daum/ omrH -udk,fwdkif/
udk,fwdkifqdkwm acgif;aqmiform'd|dudk
qdkvdkygw,f/ ydwaAm-OmPfeJYjrif
atmifMunft
h yf\vdYk w&m;*kPaf wmf (6)
yg;rSm a[mMum;NyD;awmhxm;wJht wGuf
cE m &J U oabmud k OmPf e J Y j rif a tmif
Munfhay;yg/
um,mEkyem owdy|mefudk
yG g ;rsm;tm;xk w f M uwJ h a,m*D r sm;u
w&m;tm;xkwfqJ kyfcEmudk orm'd|d
ormouFy orm0g,mr ormowd
26

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
ormorm"dqw
kd hJ tIOmPfr*if (5) yg;eJY
Munfah y;yg/ OmPfeMYJ unfah evd&Yk &dS if tIcH
jzpfwhJ kycf EmawG&UJ twnfrNrJ azmufvJG
azmufjyefjzpfaewm/ aphaphMunfhrcHbJ
rsufpdwpfrSdwfrSmyif wa&GUa&GU w&G&G rGrG
aMuuGJ ajymif;vJaewm/ w&m;xdkifp kyf
a[mif;awG aysmufaysmufNyD;oumv
kyfopfawG tpm;xdk;NyD; ay:aewmudk
awGUygvdrfhr,f/
a,m*Du ylwm at;wmonf
igr[kwf/ cEmrSm acR;awG,dkpD;aewm
onfvJ ighoabm ighqEr[kw/f vIyw
f m
Nidrfwm azmif;wm ydefwmvJ ightvdk igh
tBuKduf ighqEtwdkif; jzpfwmr[kwf/
yif u d k , f k y f c E m awG u rawmif h b l ; ?
rwif;bl; ? rcufrmbl;/ ,ck ypKyefkyf
cEmawGuawmh awmifw
h if;cufrmvmyg
uvm;/ igrydkif igrqdkifwJh kyfcEmygu
vm;/ ay:qJkyfcEm&JU rNrJwJhoabm
27

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
qif;&J wJhoabm tpdk;r&wJhoabmudk
OmPfeJY oday;yg/
a0'emEk y emowd y |mef u d k
yGg;rsm;tm;xkwfMuwJh a,m*Drsm;uvJ
cEmudk OmPfeJYMunfhyg/ okca0'em 'ku
a0'em Oayuma0'emqdkwJh a0'emoHk;
rsK;d [m qHzsm; ajconf; vufonf; ta&
ajcmufuvGJNyD; wpfudk,fvHk;rSm jyefYESHYNyD;
awmh ay:aewmyg/ a0'emray:wJt
h csed f
&,fvdkY r&Sdygbl;/ aorSyJray:wmyg/
emrS usifrS a0'emvdkYrxifygeJY/ rem
rusif w m [mvJ a0'emygyJ /
emusif r I a vmuf u
awmh
w&m;tm;rxkwfvJ odaewmyJ/
a0'emqdw
k m cHpm;rIoabm emrf
w&m;jzpfygw,f/ awmifw
h may:vJ cHpm;
w,f/ Nird o
f mG ;&ifvJ cHpm;w,f/ at;ueJ
ay:vdkuf aysmufoGm;vkduf/ aEG;ueJ
ay:vdkuf aysmufoGm;vkduf/ okca0'em
[m ay:wkef;awmhokc ? ysufoGm;awmh
28

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
'ku/ 'kua 0'emuawmh jzpfawmhvJ 'ku
ysufawmhvJ 'ku/ Oayuma0'emuvJ
jzpfwek ;f Oayum ysuf 'kuy gyJ/ a0'emvdYk
omajym&w,f 'kucsnf;ygyJ/
owdxm;NyD;awmh OmPfeJYapmifh
Munfhyg/ emwmcsif;rwlyHk usifwmcsif;
rwlyHkudk OmPfeJYjrifatmif Munfhay;yg/
rwlwmu tedp/ rNrJvdkYyg/ rNrJwmudk
odyg/ odwmu r*/
ud,
k o
f memygap pdwrf emygapeJ/Y
cEm&SdrSawmh emrSmyJ/ emwmudk igrvkyf
vdu
k yf geJ/Y igvky&f if 'kua &mufygvdrrhf ,f/
a0'emonf igr[kwf a0'emtedpvdkY
oday;yg/ ay:vmwJha0'emav; jzpfNyD;
ysufoGm;wmudk jrifatmifMunfhay;yg/
ay:wJah 0'emu tedp ? jzpfNy;D ysuw
f mu
vuPm ? odwmuOmPfjzpfwJhtwGuf
tedpvuPmOmPfudk &vmygvdrfhr,f/
pd w m Ek y emowd y |mef u d k
29

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
yGg;rsm;tm;xkwfMuwJh a,m*Drsm;taeeJY
vJ cEmudk OmPfeJYMunfhay;yg/ pdwfudk
&ifGefYwnfhwnfhydkYxm;yg/ avoGif;csif
wJhpdwfay:vm&if oGif;csifwJhpdwfudkod
ay;yg/ aemufpdwfvkYdqdkwJh OmPfeJYtuJ
cwfay;yg/ avoGi;f wmeJY oGi;f csiw
f phJ w
d f
r&Sdawmhwmudk awGUygvdrfhr,f/ a[m avxkwfcsifwJhpdwf tpm;xdk;ay:vmyg
w,f/ avxkwfcsifwJhpdwfvkdY oday;vkduf
yg/ xkwfcsifwJhpdwfuav;r&Sdwmudk od
ay;yg/ tJ'DpdwfESpfckudk tdrfonfpdwfvdkY
ac:ygw,f/ oufapmifhpdwfvdkYvJ ac:yg
w,f/ tdrfonfpdwfudk xdkifIyg/ oGif;csif
&if oGi;f csiw
f phJ w
d f ? xkwcf si&f if xkwcf sif
wJhpdwf r&Sdwmudk oday;yg/
tdrfonfpdwfudk xdkifIaepOfrSmyJ
tjyif{nfhonfpdwfay:&if tjyif{nfh
onfpdwfudkajymif;Iyg/ jrifpdwf Mum;pdwf
eHpdwf pm;pdwf ,m;emaumif;pdwfqdkwm
30

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
tjyif{nfhonfpdwfrsm;jzpfw,f/ rsufpd
tMunf k y f e J Y tqif ; k y f w d k u f v d k Y jrif
pdwaf y:wm/ ay:wJh jrifpw
d u
f kd jzpfysuf I
ay;yg/ em;tMunfeJYtoHeJYwdkuf&if Mum;
pdwf/ ESmacgif;tMunfeJY teHYeJYwdkuf&if
eHpdwf/ vQmtMunfeJY t&omeJYwdkuf&if
pm;pdwf/ udk,ftMunfeJY awGUxdp&meJY
wdu
k &f if ,m;emaumif;pdwq
f w
kd m ay:yg
w,f/ tmHak emufrvku
d yf geJ/Y ay:wJph w
d f
udkyJMunfhyg/ rNrJwJhoabmudk oday;yg/
twG i f ; {nf h o nf p d w f a y:&if
twGif;{nfhonfpdwfudkIyg/ avmbpdwf
a'gopdwf arm[pdwf tavmbpdwf
ta'gopdwf awG;awmMuHpnfpdwfqdkwm
twG i f ; {nf h o nf p d w f r sm;jzpf w ,f /
aumif;wJph w
d af y:vJ jzpfysuf /I raumif;
wJph w
d af y:vJ jzpfysuf /I pdw&f UJ rwlajymif;
vJaewJhoabmudk apmifhMunfhay;yg/
twG i f ; {nf h o nf p d w f v J r ay:/
31

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
tjyif{nfhonfpdwfvJray:&if tdrfonf
pdwfudkjyefxdkifIyg/
pdwaf wG[m ESprf sK;d oH;k rsK;d wpfNyKid f
wnf; rjzpfygbl;/ wpfcyk suf wpfcjk zpfyg/
jzpfysufaewJhoabmudk oday;aeyg/
"rmEkyemowdy|mefudk yGg;
rsm;tm;xkwfMuwJh a,m*DawGuvJ cEm
udk OmPfeJY apmifhMunfhay;yg/ ay:qJ kyf
emrf&JUtay:rSm Munfhvkdufwkdif; Munfh
vdkufwdkif; r&SdwmudkyJ awGUygw,f/ ]'ku
ar0OyZr mem OyZw
?d 'kueH d Zk rmeH edZk
wd} vdkY jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;xm;wJh
twGuf ]'kuj zpf 'kuc sKyw
f myJ/ jzpfvm
wmvJ 'kuopm ysufwmvJ 'kuopm/
jzpfwmonf aorvdkY ysufwmonf ao
wm} vkdY OmPfeJYvkdufoday;yg/
udk,fhpdkufeJYoifhavQmfwJh owd
y|mefukd ud,
k w
f ikd f a&G;Ny;D Iyg/ owdy|mef
av;yg; b,fowdy|mefuykd J II vd&k if;u
32

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
awmh jzpfysufjrifzdkYygyJ/
tJ'gaMumifh owdxm; 0D&d,pdkuf
Ny;D cEmudOk mPfeaYJ pmifMh unfyh g/ cEmuolU
oabmudk ajymaeygw,f/ jyaeygw,f/
OmPfu jzpfNyD;ysufaew,fvdkY oday;
vdu
k yf g/ ay:wJch Emujzpfysu?f odwOhJ mPf
u r*f/
jzpfysujf rif&if wd[w
d /f wu,f
BuK;d pm;tm;xkw&f if 'Db&k m;omoemrSmyJ
r*fOmPf zdkvfOmPf &Edkifw,fvdkY qHk;jzwf
csufcsyg/
O*pwd ,xm 'dapm ?
yka&udwGm kPH wxm/
0dyeH yka&udwGm ?
r*"arm y0wwd/
tm'd a p m ? aerif ; BuD ; onf /
tkPH? tkPftvif;a&mifuav;udk/
yka&uw
d mG ? a&SUxm;/ 0g? a&SUoGm;jyK/
O*pwd,xm? wufvmNrJjzpfouJhodkY/
33

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
wxm? xdkYtwl/ r*"arm? avmukw&m
r*fw&m;onfvnf;/ 0dyeH? avmuD
0dyemr*fudk/ 0g? tjzpftysufudkjrif
aom avmuD0dyemr*fudk/ yka&ud
wGm?a&SUoGm;jyK/ y0ww?d jzpfay:vm\/
eHeufapmapmrSm ta&SUt&yfu
a&mifeDOD;vmcJhonf&Sdaomf aexGufzdkY&m
aocsmovdyk gyJ/ jzpfysujf rifwhJ 0dyem
r*fudk&&if avmukw&mr*fudk&zdkY aocsm
oavmufygyJ/ tJ'gaMumifh BuKd;pm;NyD;
awmh jzpfysuf aI y;yg/ kyf a0'em onm
ocFg& 0dnmPfqdkwJh cEmig;yg; kyfemrf
ESpyf g;wd&Yk UJ jzpfysuaf ewJo
h abmudk OmPf
eJY apmifhMunfhay;aeyg/
jzpfrIysufrIoabmudk rodrjrif
ao;wJh a,m*Drsm;uvJ ZGJravQmhygeJY/
BuKd;pm;NyD;awmhIay;yg/ vlUb0udkvJ&
omoemawmfeJYvJBuKH ? opmw&m;awG
udkvJ em,lcGifh yGg;rsm;tm;xkwfcGifh&w,f
34

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
qdkwm enf;wJhukodkvf enf;wJhyg&rDr
[kwfygbl;/
cEmig;yg; kyef mrfEpS yf g;wd&Yk UJ jzpf
ysuf tedpu
rkd odrjrifwm[m yg&rDrygvdYk
csnf;r[kwfygbl;/ yg&rDygyifygjim;aomf
vJtvkyrf rSe&f if BuK;d pm;Ny;D rI&if rjrifEikd f
ygbl;/ tJ'gaMumifh ighrmS yg&rDr&Sv
d eYkd YJ wlyg
w,fqdkNyD; avQmhcsrypfvkdufygeJY/
yGw
J b
Ykd mwdMYk unfw
h t
hJ cg rjrif& &if
a&SUudkydkwdk;NyD; Munfhovdk wdk;NyD;awmh
BuKd;pm;Iay;yg/ IOmPfawG tm;aumif;
vm&if udavomyg; jzpfysufjrifvm
ygvdrfhr,f/
jzpfysujf rifaewJah ,m*DawGu vJ
&yfrypfvkdufygeJY/ qufNyD;Iay;yg/ jzpf
ysufawG tpOfwef;aewmudk awGUygvdrfh
r,f/ a,m*Du bmrSvkyfp&mrvdkygbl;/
jzpfysufyJ Iay;aeyg/ jzpfysufudk NzKdifNzKdif
jrifvmvdkY&Sd&if Mobmo yDwd y'dpwJh
35

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
r*fwk (10) yg; wpfyg;yg;vmwwfygw,f/
bmyJvmvm rom,mvdu
k yf geJ/Y ay:wkid ;f
ay:wdkif; jzpfysufyJ Iaeyg/
tI O mPf u tm;aumif ; &if
aumif;oavmuf jzpfysufawG tjrifpdyf
vmygw,f/ ajz;ajz;jcif; jzpfysufkyfemrf
cEmudk Ni;D aiGU&GrH ek ;f vmygvdrrhf ,f/ wpfjzpf
xJjzpf wpfysufxJysufaewJh cEm/ aemif
wpfzefr&csif rvdkcsifawmhygbl;/ b0
cEm&JU tjypfudkjrifum aMumufwJhOmPf
awGay:vmygw,f/ jzpfysuf jzpfysuf yI g/
jzpfwmvJ 'ku
k o
pm ysuw
f mvJ 'kuo
pm
yJvdkY OmPfrSm xifjrifvmygvdrfhr,f/
jzpfysufu - 'kuopm/
odwJhOmPfu- r*opm/
aowmu- ork',opm/
aemifcEmrvmwmu- eda&m"
opm/
opmav;yg; wpfNyKid w
f nf; qku
d f
36

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
wmeJY zswfueJ jzpfysufqHk;um edAmefudk
rsufarSmufjyKygvdrfhr,f/
tylxJuvmwJhyk*Kdvfudk a&tdk;
aygif;wpfaxmifeJY oGef;avmif;vdkufwJh
tcg at;Nid r f ; NyD ; csrf ; omoG m ;ovd k
jzpfysufqHk;wJhtcgrSmvJ cEmudk,fxJrSm
ocFwe,fuvGwfNyD; tocFwedAmefudk
jrif&wJhtwGuf at;Nidrf;csrf;omjcif;udk
&ygw,f/
tJ ' gaMumif h a,m*D t aygif ;
olawmfaumif;wdkYtaejzifh bk&m;tp&Sd
aom t&d,mtaygif; olawmfaumif;wdkY
udef;atmifarGUavsmf pHaysmf&mjzpfaom
jrwf a omed A m ef o d k Y rsuf a rS m uf j yKEk d i f
atmif owdxm; 0D&d,pdkufNyD;awmh cEm
ig;yg; kyfemrfESpfyg;wdkY&JU rNrJwJhoabm
qif;&JwJhoabm tpdk;r&whJoabmawG
udk OmPfeJYapmifhNyD; Munfhay;aeMuyg/
&wemoHk;yg;ylaZmf&ef
37

vufawGUtoHk;cs 0dyem
]rm, "rmEk"ry#dywd,m Ak'H
ylaZrd}
]rm, "rmEk"ry#dywd,m "rH
ylaZrd}
]rm, "r m Ek " r y #d y w d , m
oHCHylaZrd}
rm, "rmEk"ry#dywd,m =avmukw
&mw&m;udk;yg;tm; tavsmfjzpfaom
tusifhjrwf y#dywfjzifh/ Ak'H=jrwfpGm
bk&m;udk/ ylaZrd=ylaZmfyg\ t&Sifbk&m;/
rm, "rmEk"ry#dywd,m =avmukw
&mw&m;udk;yg;tm; tavsmfjzpfaom
tusifhjrwf y#dywfjzifh/ "rH=w&m;awmf
jrwfudk/ ylaZrd=ylaZmfyg\ t&Sifbk&m;/
rm, "rmEk"ry#dywd,m =avmukw
&mw&m;udk;yg;tm; tavsmfjzpfaom
tusifhjrwf y#dywfjzifh/ oHCH=oHCm
awmf taygif ; ud k / yl a Zrd = yl a Zmf y g\
t&Sifbk&m;/
38

t&SifOmP0Ho-pvif;
trQa0&ef
,aeYtzdkYtpk tuREkfyfwdkY
wpf p k jyKvk y f t m;xk w f t yf a om 'ge
ukodkvf oDvukodkvf bm0emukodkvf
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