FLOW OF PRODUCTION PROCESS AND PRODUCTION SCALES

The process of making leather goods in different styles, materials or end user (man,
woman, child) is homogeneous to the stage of assembly; only it varies with the type of
equipment employed.
Possible scales of production that can be achieved are:
Scale (range production)
Micro / craft:

1 to 280 units / day

Small Company:

From 280 to 2.100 pieces / day

Medium enterprise:

From 2.100 to 5.800 pieces / day

Big company:

More than 5,800 pieces / day

Regarding the degree of technological upgrading in turn highlights the following:

Micro / craft:
Even in microenterprise operations are performed manually (by hand), therefore the
production process for the production of leather belts remains traditional.
Small company:
Changes in the production process relate primarily to the modernization of equipment
and machinery to replace activities manual type by mechanical, especially in the stages
of cutting, pasting parts, finishing and shaping, which allows to increase the volume
and quality production.
Production process flow in a micro scale business / craft
the flow of the production process at a general level, concerning the product selected
from the rotation and analyzed in more detail in this guide is presented.
However, this may be similar to other products, if the production process is
homogeneous, or variants thereof. In this regard, it should be evaluated in each case
the relevance of each of the planned activities, the nature of the machinery and
equipment considered, time and type of operations performed and different
formulations or compositions involving each product or variant which envisaged.

Next, an explanation of the production process presents micro / craft level:

1. Receipt and storage of raw material: The receipt of raw and auxiliary materials
is carried out in the warehouse area. The materials received are: leather lining, thread,
buckles, pigments, adhesives, rivets and cardboard boxes.
2. Inspection: This area is verified that raw materials have the characteristics
previously agreed with the supplier.
3. Cut transportation area: The raw material is transported by trucks manually
pushed into the cutting area.
4. Cut: This section describes the control of materials that will be used throughout the
process starts. Cutting the skin and the lining is done by a machine slitter and patterns
according to sizes of the belts. The leather used comes mainly from the beef
tenderloin. Responsible for making the cuts should care, to accommodate the belt
model patterns, not to include injured parties.
Cutting liner follows the same features cut skin.

5. transportation cemented area: The obtained strips are transported by trucks to

the area manually pushed cemented.
6. cemented and coupled sight and linings: strips skin and linings are introduced
into a neoprene untadora machine where they apply an adhesive layer to skin; these
machines must have a vacuum gas to absorb glue vapors and thus no harm to
workers.
Immediately after the skin and linings are applied glue, go to a machine to engage and
refilar. The machine fits each strip of skin with its respective liner by pressure exerted
by rollers and then through razor gives you a refilada to said coupling, the refilada is to
cut parts of skin or lining protruding coupling.
7. Rounded tip: each belt is taken and using a machine debastadora gives you round
to one end of the belt.
8. transportation area Sewing: Once docked the respective belt with its rounded, it
falls on a conveyor belt holster moved to the cutting area.
9. Sewing: By means of a sewing machine stitching Adler type belt is made by all the
banks in order to strengthen the glue effect.
10. shuttle finishing area: Once the stitching on the edge of the belt, they are
placed on a conveyor belt which moves to the finishing area.
11. Sacaboquear ends and holes: The belts pass through a punching machine which
an employee sacaboquea holes and points where enter buckle and rivets.
They are usually made born the first 5 holes about 9 cm from the rounded tip and
leaving about 3 cm distance between each hole. These measures vary depending on
the type of belt is manufactured.
12. Engraving (marking and class sizes): After sacaboquear belt, it passes to a
machine to mark the point where the liner size range, type of leather used, class and
name of the manufacturer is placed.
13. Put buckle and rivets: This activity is to manually place the buckle, making sure
it is in the right direction, a fold belt is done so that the buckle is gripped with the help
of a rivet is inserted rivets. Immediately after manually they paint the edges of the belt
with fur or leather paint with a brush or brush.
14. Inspection: Finished belt, verified that this meets the characteristics specified in
the design.
15. Packaging: Finished belts are placed in cardboard boxes to facilitate further
handling.
16. Transportation to store finished product boxes are transported by belts or
hoist hell to store finished product.
17. Storage: The finished product is stored.

Production process flow on a scale of small business:

1. Receipt and storage of raw material: The receipt of raw and auxiliary materials
is carried out in the warehouse area. The materials received are: leather lining, thread,
buckles, pigments, adhesives, rivets and cardboard boxes.
2. Inspection: This area is verified that raw materials have the characteristics
previously agreed with the supplier.
3. Cut transportation area: The raw material is transported by trucks manually
pushed into the cutting area.
4. Cut: This section describes the control of materials that will be used throughout the
process starts. Cutting the skin and the lining is done by a machine slitter and patterns
according to sizes of the belts. The leather used comes mainly from the beef

tenderloin. Responsible for making the cuts should care, to accommodate the belt
model patterns, not to include injured parties.
Cutting liner follows the same features cut skin.
5. transportation cemented area: The obtained strips are transported by trucks to
the area manually pushed cemented.
6. cemented and coupled sight and linings: strips skin and linings are introduced
into a neoprene untadora machine where they apply an adhesive layer to skin; these
machines must have a vacuum gas to absorb glue vapors and thus no harm to
workers.
Immediately after the skin and linings are applied glue, go to a machine to engage and
refilar. The machine fits each strip of skin with its respective liner by pressure exerted
by rollers and then through razor gives you a refilada to said coupling, the refilada is to
cut parts of skin or lining protruding coupling.
7. Rounded tip: each belt is taken and using a machine debastadora gives you round
to one end of the belt.
8. transportation area Sewing: Once docked the respective belt with its rounded, it
falls on a conveyor belt holster moved to the cutting area.
9. Sewing: By means of a sewing machine stitching Adler type belt is made by all the
banks in order to strengthen the glue effect.
10. shuttle finishing area: Once the stitching on the edge of the belt, they are
placed on a conveyor belt which moves to the finishing area.
11. Sacaboquear ends and holes: The belts pass through a punching machine which
an employee sacaboquea holes and points where enter buckle and rivets.
They are usually made born the first 5 holes about 9 cm from the rounded tip and
leaving about 3 cm distance between each hole. These measures vary depending on
the type of belt is manufactured.
12. Engraving (marking and class sizes): After sacaboquear belt, it passes to a
machine to mark the point where the liner size range, type of leather used, class and
name of the manufacturer is placed.
13. Put buckle and rivets: This activity is to manually place the buckle, making sure
it is in the right direction, a fold belt is done so that the buckle is gripped with the help
of a rivet is inserted rivets. Immediately after manually they paint the edges of the belt
with fur or leather paint with a brush or brush.
14. Inspection: Finished belt, verified that this meets the characteristics specified in
the design.
15. Packaging: Finished belts are placed in cardboard boxes to facilitate further
handling.

16. Transportation to store finished product boxes are transported by belts or

hoist hell to store finished product.
17. Storage: The finished product is stored.
A traditional trading day
The production for the production of belts gentleman process is continuous and
coordinated manner, accustoming working hours single shift, starting at 8:00 AM and
providing an hour for food.
At the end of the shift it is allocated a specific time for cleaning areas as well as
preventive maintenance of equipment and machinery, an activity that must be
performed by equipment operators themselves.
Interior Distribution Facility:
Factors to consider when drawing up the design for plant layout are:
a) Determine the volume of production
b) Movements materials
c) Material Flow and
d) Distribution of the plant.
It is recommended that, as a scheme for the distribution of facilities, the flow of
operations aimed at expressing graphically too the production process, from receipt of
raw materials to distribution of finished products obviously going through the
manufacturing process.
Material flow

In addition to the location, design and construction of the plant it is important to

carefully study the problem of the internal distribution of the same, to achieve an
orderly and well-planned machinery and equipment provision, according to the logical
movement of raw materials and of finished products, so that makes efficient use of the
equipment, time and skills of workers.
The facilities necessary for a small business of this shift include, among others, the
following areas:

Raw material warehouse

Finished product warehouse

Tool and spare parts store

cutting area

Area cemented and trailer

Sewing Area

Finishing Area

Rounded

I sacaboqueado

Marking and painted

Placed buckles and rivets

Area inspection and packaging

Dining Area

Medical services

Bathrooms and dressing

Offices

Example of internal distribution of plant facilities:

Determination of costs and operating margins:

The study of operating costs is the cornerstone in all kinds of businesses, as it allows
not only obtaining satisfactory results but prevent the company from making mistakes
in pricing and this resulting in a negative result.
In determining the costs, take into account that its value changes for possible
fluctuations in prices or by varying degrees of utilization of installed capacity.
Overall, the price can be set below or above the competition or be equal to it.
The price of the final product shall be composed of:

Cost of raw materials 50%

Hand indirect and direct labor 23%

Taxes and insurance 10%

Services, income and Maintenance 5%

Depreciation of equipment and machinery 10%

Contingencies and other expenses

2%

TOTAL 100%
To these costs must be added a profit margin and once obtained the price of the final
product, must be weighed in relation to the price of similar products on the market and
the situation of opportunity (supply - demand).
Product distribution:
The importance of the distribution system is often under-appreciated despite impacting
sales volumes and reflected in a poor utilization of the market potential, as well as
excessive accumulation of inventories, other consequences will affect the return on
capital.
The current distribution channels for companies in turn are through wholesalers,
distributors and supermarkets. Another important channel is export.
Management and inventory control:
Management and inventory control main function determine the sufficient amount and
type of inputs, work in process and finished or finished to meet product demand,
thereby facilitating production operations and sales and minimizing by keeping costs at
an optimal level.
Investment accounting inventories is a very important for the company in the financial
management aspect. Consequently, you should be familiar with how to control with
certainty and properly allocate financial resources.
According to regulations of the Law on Income Tax, companies are required to keep
any inventory system, depending on income manifested in his last statement.
The method for inventory valuation of companies in the rotation is the first in first out
(FIFO).