POWERING AGRICULTURE

Sustainable Energy for Food

MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSE
SELECTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
FOR AGRICULTURAL VALUE CHAINS &
FUNDING INSTITUTIONS FOR CLEAN ENERGY
P R O J E C T S F O R A G R I C U LT U R E

SELECTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

FOR AGRICULTURAL VALUE CHAINS &
FUNDING INSTITUTIONS FOR CLEAN ENERGY
PROJECTS FOR AGRICULTURE

Overview of Renewable Energy Technologies for Agricultural Value Chains........................................3

Institutions and Funds for Projects for the Energy-Agriculture Nexus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Further Funds and Institutions.............................................................................................................. 10

POWERING AG MOOC | TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

APPLICATION

SOLAR PV

SOLAR
THERMAL

WIND
ENERGY

HYDRO
ENERGY

BIOENERGY

REMARKS

ELECTRICAL USE

Home Electrification

Home electrification can be achieved with a variety of renewable energy technologies. It is important that appropriate energy storage is installed if continuous electricity supply is desired. Link
Even though electricity for powering pumps can be generated with a variety of
technologies, solar PV systems are especially suitable due to their simple design and
their flexibility in terms of location. Link 1 / Link 2

Irrigation

Communication

Environmental monitoring

Small solar PV systems are sufficient to power remote environmental monitoring

stations, ensuring continuous data collection. Link

Refrigeration

Refrigeration is an energy intensive process. To ensure efficient use of energy sources, the cooling environment should be well insulated. The cost of electrical energy
supply will the overall feasibility of the system. Link 2 / Link 3

Electric Fencing

Especially for telecommunication purposes, standalone renewable energy technologies have big advantages compared to grid connections. Surplus electricity can be
used to supply nearby communities.

Especially for areas where life-stock is located far away from the electricity grid or
farm, a combination of a solar PV panel and a battery can provide a low maintenance
solution. Link

MECHANICAL USE

Milling

Milling is an important processing step to produce flour out of cereals; For local food
autonomy and security small units are required. These small units can easily be set
up by connecting a mill directly to a wind or hydro turbine. Set-ups where a mill and a
generator can be used interchangeably are particularly useful. A saw mill is another
option utilizing mechanical power. Link
Table 1 Overview of Renewable Energy Technologies for Agricultural Value Chains

TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

POWERING AG MOOC | TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

APPLICATION

SOLAR PV

SOLAR
THERMAL

WIND
ENERGY

HYDRO
ENERGY

BIOENERGY

REMARKS

MECHANICAL USE

Irrigation

Where available, wind or water can drive pumps through mechanical force to lift water. The main advantage of using mechanical force for pumping water is the reduction of energy losses that occur during transmission. Link

Grinding

Especially small-scale hydro power plants are suitable to drive a grinder. Grinding of
seeds to produce oil is a common application. Link

ELECTRICAL USE

Cooling

Drying

Cooking

Desalination (with and

without using electricity)

Solar thermal or heat from biomass can be used for absorption type refrigeration
machines. Link 1 / Link 2

Drying agricultural produce such as vegetables, fruits and meat with thermal energy
enables longer storage times and easier transportation. For fruit and vegetable
drying solar thermal dryers are a well suited low-cost application. Where high temperatures and a reliable heat supply is required (e.g. drying for milk powder production)
bioenergy technologies are more suitable. Link 1 / Link 2

A clean solution for cooking is the use of biogas produced by an anaerobic digester.
Stoves and ovens for biogas application are similar to conventional appliances that
run on commercial fuels such as butane and propane. Solar power cookers are available as well but are limited to use during high solar radiation. Link 1 / Link 2
Renewable energy sources such as solar photovoltaic and thermal, wind or geothermal energy can be utilized. The dominant renewable energy source for water desalination is solar photovoltaic (PV), followed by solar thermal and wind energy. Link

Lighting (non- electric)

Biogas used for lighting is also feasible; however, biogas lamps are not very energy-efficient. Link

Motor and Engines

Biofuels like ethanol and biodiesel can be used to replace conventional fossil fuels in
engines and motors Link 1 / Link 2

TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

Table 1 Overview of Renewable Energy Technologies for Agricultural Value Chains

POWERING AG MOOC | TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

INSTITUTION/FUND

COUNTRY/REGION

RELEVANT TARGET SECTORS

ADB
Asian Development Bank

48 countries within
Asia and the
Pacific and
19 from outside

Energy, Agriculture and food

security

OFFER / SERVICES

AFDB
African Development
Bank

Africa

Agriculture & agro-industries,

energy and power, infrastructure

AgFunder

Global

Agriculture and agricultural technology startups

ARE
Alliance for Rural Electrification

Developing and
emerging markets

Rural electrification, Productive

use of energy

bettervest

Global

Crowdfunding for energy

efficiency projects

BMZ
Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and
Development, Germany

LINK

Loans
technical assistance
grants

http://www.adb.org/

Variable Rate Loan (VLR)

Product
Enhanced Variable Spread Loan
(EVSL)
e.g. Power Africa Initiative
e.g. AFRICA CLIMATE
CHANGE FUND

http://www.afdb.org/en/
http://www.afdb.org/en/topics-and-sectors/
initiatives-partnerships/

http://www.afdb.org/en/topics-and-sectors/

initiatives-partnerships/power-africa-initiative/

Investment marketplace
connecting investors with
global companies, both large
and small, throughout the agriculture value chain

https://agfunder.com/about-us

Business development support

Facilitating access to
international and regional
funding

http://www.ruralelec.org/

Crowdfunding

https://www.bettervest.com/home

(in German)

https://www.bmz.de/en/index.html

Global

Rural development, Agricultural

value chains, Energy, Productive
use of energy

Cooperation with the private

sector e.g. develoPPP

https://www.bmz.de/en/what_we_do/issues/

wirtschaft/privatwirtschaft/dokumente_links/
index.html

Table 2 Institutions and Funds for Projects for the Energy-Agriculture Nexus
TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

POWERING AG MOOC | TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

INSTITUTION/FUND
BOAD
West African Development Bank

COUNTRY/REGION
West African
Economic and
Monetary Union
(WAEMU)

RELEVANT TARGET SECTORS

OFFER / SERVICES

LINK
http://www.boad.org/en

Food security, Sustainable Energy,

Private sector support

Promotion and financing of

private productive investments

http://www.boad.org/en/specialized-finance-institutions-and-funds

Clean Technology Fund

CIF
Climate Investment Funds

DBSA
Development Bank of
Southern Africa

DEG
Subsidiary of KfW

EBRD
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

72 developing and
middle income
countries

Southern African
Development
Community (SADC)

Developing
countries and
emerging markets
in Africa, Asia,
Europe, Latin
America

Southern and
Eastern Mediterranean, to
Central and
Eastern Europe,
to Central Asia

Climate change and reduction of

greenhouse gas emissions

Water, Energy, Transport

Agriculture and food industry,

Climate-friendly technologies

Agribusiness, Power & energy,

natural resources

(CTF)

Scaling Up Renewable Ener-

Low Income Countries

Program (SREP)
gy in

Project preparation funds

Debt
Mezzanine finance
Limited and non-resource
lending

Project financing e.g. Climate

partnership with private sector
Long-term loans
Equity capital
Mezzanine finance
Guarantees

Project finance
Loans, equity and guarantees

http://www-cif.climateinvestmentfunds.org/

http://www.dbsa.org/en

https://www.deginvest.de/International-financing/deg/die-deg/

https://www.deginvest.de/International-fi-

nancing/deg/Unser-Angebot/Frderprogramme/Klimapartnerschaften/

http://www.ebrd.com/home
http://www.ebrd.com/work-with-us/project-finance.html

Table 2 Institutions and Funds for Projects for the Energy-Agriculture Nexus
TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

POWERING AG MOOC | TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

INSTITUTION/FUND

COUNTRY/REGION

RELEVANT TARGET SECTORS

Eco.business fund

Latin America

Organic agriculture and agri-processing, Sustainable fishery and

aquaculture

FMO
Dutch development bank

Developing countries (DCs) and

emerging markets,
and Dutch
companies that
invest in DCs

Energy and Agribusiness, Food &

Water: RE projects, off grid energy
solutions

Developing countries and economies in transition in

Africa, Asia, Latin
America and the
Caribbean

Renewable energy and energy

efficiency projects in emerging
markets, Climate change

GEEREF
Global Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy
Fund

GEF
Global Environmental
Facility

183 countries,
international
institutions, civil
society
organizations, and
private sector

Green for Growth Fund

Southeast Europe+Turkey+
European Eastern
Neighbourhood
region

OFFER / SERVICES

Financing through local financial institutions

Activities related to the Funds
environmental goals

http://www.ecobusiness.fund/

Project financing
Regular loans, mezzanine and
equity

https://www.fmo.nl

Private equity sub-funds

specialized in financing small
and medium-sized project
developers and enterprises
(SMEs)

http://geeref.com/

Food security, climate change,
land degradation

Energy efficiency and renewable
energy

LINK

Grants and concessional

funding
e.g. GEF Small Grants
Programme

Refinancing to financial institutions to enhance their

participation in EE & RE sectors
Direct investments in
non-financial institutions
(e.g. RE projects)

https://www.thegef.org/gef/
https://sgp.undp.org/

http://www.ggf.lu/

Table 2 Institutions and Funds for Projects for the Energy-Agriculture Nexus

TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

POWERING AG MOOC | TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

INSTITUTION/FUND

COUNTRY/REGION

RELEVANT TARGET SECTORS

OFFER / SERVICES

IFC
International Finance
Corporation
World Bank Group

IRENA
International Renewable
Energy Agency

KFW
Kreditanstalt fr Wiederaufbau

Developing
countries that are
member of

IFC

Global

Agribusiness, Renewable power,

Energy efficiency, Sustainable
agriculture, Adaptation to climate
change

Widespread adoption and sustainable use of all forms of renewable

energy

Global

E.g. Energy efficiency,

Environmental protection and
renewable energies

OeEB
Austrian development
bank

Developing
countries and
emerging markets

Energy, Energy efficiency,

Agribusiness, Agriculture, Energy
infrastructure

LINK

Loans, Equity, Trade and Supply

Chain Finance
Syndications, Treasury Client
Solutions
Venture Capital, Advisory, Asset
Management

Financial Navigator for identifying suitable funding opportunities for a RE project

Support SMEs in the form of

low interest rates for loans
Financing development of renewable energies

Long-term loans and risk

sub-participations
Refinancing lines for financial
institutions with a specific loan
purpose (e.g. financing of small
hydroelectric power plants, projects of small and medium-sized enterprises or projects in
the energy efficiency sector)

http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/corp_
ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_site/
solutions/how-to-apply-for-financing

https://navigator.irena.org/Pages/popupFN.
aspx

https://www.kfw.de/inlandsfoerderung/Unternehmen/index-3.html

https://www.kfw.de/inlandsfoerderung/Unternehmen/Energie-Umwelt/index-2.html

http://www.oe-eb.at/en/Pages/default.aspx
http://www.oe-eb.at/en/services/investment-financing/pages/default.aspx

Table 2 Institutions and Funds for Projects for the Energy-Agriculture Nexus

TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

POWERING AG MOOC | TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

INSTITUTION/FUND

OFID
OPEC Fund for
International Development

COUNTRY/REGION

RELEVANT TARGET SECTORS

OFFER / SERVICES

Global

Energy poverty alleviation,

Agriculture, Water supply and
sanitation

RECP
Africa-EU Renewable
Energy Cooperation
Programme

REEEP
Renewable Energy and
Energy Efficiency
Partnership

UNFCCC Finance Portal

Africa

Renewable energy in Africa,

Climate change mitigation and
adaptation

Developing countries and emerging

economies

Powering Agrifood Value Chains,

Water-EnergyFood Nexus, Energy
access

Developing
countries

Activities to implement
the Climate Change Convention

LINK

Public/Private sector lending

Grant program: technical
assistance for small-scale
social schemes, sponsorship
for research
Energy for the Poor Initiative

Database of equity, loan and

grant facilities for private
renewable energy projects in
Africa

Investing in clean energy

markets
Supporting business models
Knowledge transfer

Financing portal

http://www.ofid.org/

http://www.africa-eu-renewables.org/services/
funding-database/

http://www.reeep.org/powering_agrifood

Finance Portal for Climate Change

Table 2 Institutions and Funds for Projects for the Energy-Agriculture Nexus

TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

POWERING AG MOOC | TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

10

IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES AND INSTITUTIONS

MULTILATERAL FUNDS AND INITIATIVES

BILATERAL FUNDS AND INITIATIVES

AFD- French Development Agency

AF-Adaptation Fund

GCCI-Global Climate Change Initiative(US)

CIDA- Canadian International Development Agency

AECF Fund

GCPF -Global Climate Partnership Fund(Germany,

UK and Denmark)

DFID- Department for International Development (UK)

ASAP- Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture

Programme (IFAD)

ICF-International Climate Fund(UK)

GIZ- German Technical Cooperation

CDM- Clean Development Mechanism

(implemented under the Kyoto Protocol)

IKI-International Climate Initiative(Germany)

IADB -Inter American Development Bank

GCCA- Global Climate Change Alliance

NAMA facility -Nationally Appropriate Mitigation

Action Facility(UK and Germany)

IFAD -International Fund for Agricultural Development

GCF- Green Climate Fund

JICA- Japan International Cooperation Agency

PMR- Partnership for Market Readiness

NORAD- Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation

Power Africa

OPIC- Overseas Private Investment Corporation

Powering Agriculture: An Energy Grand Challenge

Development

for

UNDP -United Nations Development Programme

UNEP -United Nations Environment Programme
USAID- U.S. Agency for International Development
Sida - Swedish International Development Cooperation
WB The World Bank
TECHNOLOGIES & FUNDING

Table 3: Further Funds and Institutions

POWERING AG MOOC | UNIT C.2 | CASE STUDY

AUTHORS
Ramchandra Bhandari
David Arndt
Gnther Straub

CASE STUDY

(TH Kln University of Applied Sciences)

(TH Kln University of Applied Sciences)
(TH Kln University of Applied Sciences)

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