1.

0 INTRODUCTION
In many areas of engineering applications, materials are sometimes subjected to torsion in
services, for example, drive shafts, axles and twisted drills. Moreover, structural applications
such as bridges, springs, car bodies, airplane fuselages and boat hulls are randomly subjected to
torsion. The materials used in this case should require not only adequate strength but also be able
to withstand torque in operation. Even though torsion test is not as universal as tension test and
do not have any standardized testing procedure, the significance lies on particular engineering
applications and for the study of plastic flow in materials. Torsion test is applicable for testing
brittle materials such as tool steels and the test has also been used to determine the forge ability
of the materials by means of torsion testing at elevated temperatures.

Figure 1: Torsion in cylindrical bar

The purpose of the experiment was to study the relationship between torsional moment , the
clamping length and the torsional angel of a given shaft example (steel). It was to understand the
shear modulus and torsional stress of the different material that were given in the lab which are
steel, brass and aluminum.
The machine that were used in the experiment is Test Machine MT 210.

Figure 2 : Twist and Bend Testing Machine

TWIST
Twist tests to determine and compare the modulus of rigidity for different materials and to
demonstrate the deformation formula.

BENDING
Bending tests to determine the modulus of elasticity of different materials. It is also can be use to
demonstrate, for example, the relation between load, moment of inertia, distance between
supports, modulus of elasticity, and deflection. The test pieces for bending tests are of different

dimensions, so you can determine the relation between moment of inertia and dimension of a
material.
2.0 PROCEDURE
For part one of the experiment:
1) The clamp was set to the length of 600 mm using a long metal ruler for accuracy
2) The steel rod then was put through fastening components of the bearers and was fixed
3)
4)
5)
6)

locked in the left bearer.

Then the rod was fastened as the lever is close contact with the upper limit pin.
Dial gauge was set. Every revolution is equal to one degree.
Load of 2.5 N were hang on the first groove. The reading from dial gauge was recorded.
Additional was added of 2.5 N and reading was recorded. The load was increase until it

reached 17.5 N maximum load.

7) The load was removed.
8) Total weight of 12.5 N were hang on the first groove and reading were taken from dial
gauge.
9) Clamping length were changed to 400 mm and repeat Part 1 till 7
10) Clamping length were changed to 500 mm and repeat Part 1 till 7
11) Clamping length were changed to 600 mm and repeat Part 1 till 7

For the 2nd part of the experiment by using different materials and the clamping length was
the same.
1) Clamp length was set at 600mm
2) Steel rod was put through torsional fastening component of the bearers and locked into
the left fixed bearers first.
3) Then rod was fastened on the right part of the instrument.
4) Total weight of 7.5 were hang on the first groove. The reading on gauge was recorded
5) 5.0 N weight was added and record the reading of the gauge. Total load will be use are
17.5 N
6) The load hanger was removed.
7) Procedure 1 till 6 was repeated using brass and aluminum rod.