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Project example: the EIA for dam construction on the Man River, Gujarat,
India.
This project has been performed EIA using GIS and remote sensing. In
this project a study attempts to assess the present problems of the
area and provide suggestive measures for the watershed improvement
of the Man River after the construction of the dam. Various information
layers were integrated through the GIS software Arc/Info using overlay
methods. Suitable site selection for different types of treatments, using
the criteria rules of Arc/Info has also been performed.
The study is carried out by combining the features of satellite imagery,
topographic sheets and secondary maps data to produce the
necessary information layers of natural resources. The input data are
translated into the thematic maps by the methods of interpretation,
classification, manipulation, integration, editing and analysis.
The GIS and Remote Sensing is used to generate thematic maps of
various natural resources, integrate the thematic maps and define the
plan of implementation
From the analysis of GIS, they can forecast that an area of 17.55
sq.km is going to under submerge due to the construction of the dam
on the Man River and they also have successfully completed the study
suggesting the treatments along with some preventive measures for
reducing soil erosion in the catchment.
From this example we can conclude that GIS is very usable and
needed in EIA because it can assist the process of EIA in fast and easy
way as well as we can gain better understanding towards environment.