Escolar Documentos
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Basic Tenets of
Psychology
NO, It is not.
normal/altered or active/passive?
simple or complex.
overt or covert.
as a Discipline:
as natural science:
emphasises objectivity.
Ranjita and Shabnam were in the same class. Although, they were in the same class,
they were just acquainted with each other and their lives were quite different.
Ranjita came from a farmers family. Her grandparents, parents and elder brother
worked on their farm. They lived together in their house in the village. Ranjita was a
good athlete and was the best long distance runner in the school. She loved meeting
people and making friends.
Unlike her, Shabnam lived with her mother in the same village. Her father worked in
an office in a town nearby and came home during holidays. Shabnam was a good
artist and loved staying home and taking care of her younger brother. She was shy
and avoided meeting people.
as a social science:
read Penrose!
psyche: soul
The Origins
importantly
suggested
that mind resides in the
brain.
knowledge
is
gained
through
thinking
&
analysing as an effort to
understand the world.
believed
that
we
can
understand the mind by
studying the body.
was an empiricist.
a posteriori
a priori
Taking a pause
Structuralism
founded structuralism.
structuralism
Functionalism
founded functionalism
Psychodynamic Approach
rockstar
founded psychoanalysis
an approach to understand
human behaviour that focuses
on the role of unconscious
thoughts, feelings, & memories.
developed
his
method
by
extensive analysis of his patients.
Behaviorism
founded behaviorism
The boy was placed in the middle of a room; a white laboratory rat
was placed near him and he was allowed to play with it. The child
showed no fear of the rat. In later trials, the researchers made a loud
sound behind Alberts back by striking a steel bar with a hammer
whenever the baby touched the rat. The child cried when he heard the
noise. After several such pairings of the two stimuli, the child was
again shown the rat. Now, however, he cried and tried to move away
from the rat.
He paired:
used
reinforcements
&
punishments
to
modify
behavior.
Cognitive Psychology
Sociocultural Psychology