French For Beginners

FRENCH FOR BEGINNERS
LEMAISTRE
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FRENCH FOR BEGINNERS,
FRENCH FOR BEGINNERS.

LESSONS SYSTEMATIC, PEACTICAL,
AND ETYMOLOGICAL
BY
J.
LEMAISTEE.
SECOND EDITION, REVISED AND IMPROVED.
WILLIAMS AND NOBGATE,

14,
HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON;

20, SOUTH FREDERICK STREET, EDINBURGH.
AND
1890.
" There is no longer any excuse why, even in the most elementary
lessons nay, I should say why more particularly in these elementary
lessons the dark and dreary passages of Greek and Latin, of French and
German grammar, should not be brightened up by the electric light of
Comparative Philology."
Max MiJLLER.
PREFACE.
In this
little
instruction,
distinct
is
book intended
which so far as
for beginners, the grammatical
goes
it
On
from the exercises.
systematic,
is
is
kept
the left hand pages there
a simple French grammar, while on the right has been
placed such a
number of
exercises on each subject as has
been thought necessary to impress upon the mind of the
Any
pupil the corresponding doctrine.
attempt to teach a
language without giving a thorough and systematic knowledge of the accidence must prove a failure, and equally
unsuccessful will be the teaching of
practical work.
In
my
opinion
it is
grammar without any

by the combination of
the grammatical and Ollendorff methods that any language
can be well learned, and this
guided
me
in compiling this
The Regular Verb
may
ing tenses
is
is
book
the principle which has

for beginners.
arranged so that
all
the correspond-
be learned at once, the resemblances and
differences between the four conjugations readily striking
the eye of the learner,
by
their juxtaposition.
The verbs
avoir and ^tre are given, but the Irregular verbs, together
with exceptional forms and
difficulties,
which do not come
within the scope of a book so purely introductory, are

omitted.
The Conversation
exercises have been formed with the
view of inducing the pupil to
aimed
at in
effort in
French Grammars, and
in
a direction too
little
which there should
be a greater success in English schools.
Having studied
PEEFACE.
VI
the grammatical part of the book, and having acquired the
necessary knowledge
the pupil under the
accidence,
of
guidance of a good master should have no
making a
profitable use in the
words supplied
ing of phrases
way
at the top of each page.

is
difficulty in
of conversation of the
Parrot-like learn-
thus avoided, and the pupil
encouraged
is
to an intelligent exercise of his conversational
powers in a
new language.
In teaching even
my
most junior
classes I
have been
by the observation of
the connection between French words and the Latin words
struck with the eager interest excited
with which the pupils were already familiar.

a philological direction
young persons, and
is
it is
Keenness in
not an unusual feature
among
well to take advantage of this
by
a continual comparison of two languages so closely related.
In such works as those of Chassang and Breymann

admirably done, but I see no reason
why
this is
the interest of
the youngest pupil should not be awakened by the same
method.
I have omitted purposely any attempt at a
scheme of
pronunciation, believing such to be practically useless in a

class-book.
While
in
this
book
which Latin
is
will
be found well adapted for schools
made the groundwork
of education,
it
should be no less valuable in those where the classics are
not taught, and should afford some of that intellectual

training which Latin so peculiarly supplies.
London, 1883.
NOTE TO THE SECOND EDITION.
In this edition I have thought it as well to give a brief

scheme of the irregular verbs which occur most frequently.
London, 1889.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Part
I.
Grammar.
PAOB
Accents,
&c
Articles
Noun
12
Adjective
16
Numeral Adjective
26
Pronoun
Verbs.
32
Avoir
40
fitre
46
52
Regular
Adverb
62
.66
Preposition
Conjunction
68
Interjection
.68
List of Verbs
69
Recapitulatory Exercises
Part
.70
II.
Conversation Exercises.
Suggestions to the Teacher
72
Rising
73
Clothes
74
Breakfast
75
School
76
Dinner
Schoolroom
Play
77
Tea
78
79
80
TABLE OP CONTENTS.
The body
The senses
IX
Tlie jârden
The orcliard
The country
The sea
The forest
The heavens
.
Domestic animal
Wild animals
Birds
Insects
The bee
The house
Colours
Seasons
Weather
Months and days
DiWsion of time
For girls
Additional vocabulary
Irregular verl)s
Part
III.
Extracts for Reading, Translation and Dictation.

La terre, notre demeure
La mer
Le travail aux champs et h
L'habitation de la famille
Les
La
110
110
I'atelier
111
fruits et les boissons
poule, les rcufs, les poussins
Le cheval
Lecheval
112
11.1
\U
Utilitd des oiseaux
L'alK'ille
112
c'chapi)(^
Les objets de toilette
111
111
113
114
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE
12.
Leboeuf
114
13.
114
16.
Lavache
La prairie et le foin
La farine et le pain
La glace, les p61es et
17.
Les jours
18.
L'annê
19.
Le papillon
20.
Les raoiitons et la laine

Extrait de Madame Th^rese
Notes to 21
Poetry
14.
15.
21.
114
115
les points
cardinaux
116
et le ver
h,
116
soie
116
117
120
Chasseurs
22.
Clioeiir des
23.
La Ronde Enfantine
121
122
24.
Chanson de
25.
La Ronde
26.
Le Corbeau et le Renard
Le Rat de ville et le Rat des champs
27.
115
115
122
la caille
123
124
124
Notes to Poetical Pieces
125
Retranslation Exercises
.127
APPENDIX.
Table of Avoir
Table of fitre
Table of Regular Verbs
Examples of Nouns with the definite article
Vocabulary, French English
Vocabulary, English French
130
132
134
138
141
161
PART
I.
GEAMMAE.
ALPHABET.
The French Alphabet,
like
the Latin, consists of 25
letters.
There are three accents.

1.
2.
3.
The Acute (')

The Grave (")
The Circumflex
The cedilla is a mark (<;) placed

of s (sharp) before a, o, u.
under the
(").
letter c to give
it
the sound
The French language has two genders, masculine and

feminine.
All nouns in French are either masculine or feminine.
THE AETICLE.
THE DEFINITE AETICLE.
I.
le,
singular
the,
masculine,
used
before
masculine
nouns; as
le pere,
la,
singular
the,
the father,
used
feminine,
before
feminine
nouns; as
la mere, the mother.
plural masculine and feminine used before
nouns in the plural; as
les peres, the fathers.
les meres, the mothers.
les,
all
Note.
by adding
the,
The
plural of nouns, in French as in English,

the singular.
pere, father ; p^res, fathers,
mere, mother; meres, mothers.
s to
NOUNS
LIST OF
B.
la soeur the sister
le jardin the
la rose the rose

la table the table
le lit the
garden
la iemme the woman
la porte the door
bed
lefromage the cheese la neige the snoio
plume
the pen le iDied the foot

the girl
lafille-l theclaiigh- le Bel the salt
la
generally formed
(to be committed to memory).
A.
the brother
le^maitre the viaster
le mur the wall
le livre the book
le' frere
is
la glace
tlie
ice
le bain the bath
la tarte the tart
ter
C.
le
le
le
le
le
chien the dog

roi the king
vent the wind
paysan the peasant
pain the loaf (bread)
le fer the iron

le
le
nid the nest

beurre the butter
la
la
la
la
la
la
la
vache the cow

reine the queen
pluie the rain
creme
the
cream
brosse the brush

pierre the stone
tante tlie aunt
THE ARTICLE.
A.
A.
1.
Lelivre.
5.
La
2.
table.
6.
La plume.
Le bain.
Les roses. 4. Les maitres.

Les bains. 8. Le frere.
3.
7.
The table. 2. The wall. 3. The books. 4. The rose.

The dauorhters. 6. The masters. 7. The bath. 8. The
10. The brothers.
9. The pens.
sister.
1.
5.
B.
1.
La
5.
Les pieds.
glace.
Le lit.
Le sel.
2.
6.
Les portes.
3.
La
7.
neige.
4.
8.
La femme.
Lesjardins.
The snow. 2. The garden. 3. The gates. 4. The

6. The tarts.
7. The feet.
5. The ice.
8. The
woman. 9. The beds. 10. The salt. 11. The butter.
1.
cheeses.
0.
Les chiens.
1.
Le
beurre.
brosses.
5.
c.
1.
5.
9.
2.
6.
Le vent. 3. La vaclie. 4. Les nids.

La pluie. 7. Les pierres. 8. Les
The rain. 2. The loaves.

The stone. 6. The winds.
The iron. 10. The dog.
3.
The kings. 4. The queens.

The cows. 8. The brush.
11. The peasant.
12. The
7.
nests.
*FRENCH. LATIN.
FRENCH.
rose
LATIN.
FRENCH.
LATIN.
chien
roi
canis
rex
vent
pain
ventus
panis
la
il-la
table
rosa
tabula
les
il-los
plume
pluma
pere
pater
fiUe
filia
ra^re
mater
pied
pes
fer
ferrum
fr^re
frater
sel
sal
nid
maitre
maRister
femme
femina
vache
nidus
vacca
mur
murus
li\Te
liber
reine
pluie
regina
pluvia
soror
porte
neige
glace
porta
nix
scEur
le
il-le
pied,
glacies
French nouns are formed from the Accusative
of the Latin
nouns
from pedem.
1 *
as
FRENCH FOE BEGINNERS.
DEFINITE ARTICLE.
ELISION.
Before nouns singular that begin with a TOwel or li mute
the vowel of the article is dropped, and it is written thus,
1' for both masculine and feminine singular ; as
Tencre the
I'or the gold,
l^homme
the
man,
inhf
I'heure the hour.
LIST OF NOUNS.
(to be committed to memory.)
A.
MASCULINE.
oncle uncle
enfant child
ane ass
hiver winter
ceuf egg
aigle eagle
anneau ring
FEMININE.
herbe grass
ardoise slate
ombre shadoio
eau icater
eponge sponge
etoile star
He summer
B.
MASCULINE.
FEMININE.
argent silver
habit coat
ami friend
OS hone
hopital hospital
hotel hotel
huile oil
agneau lamh
ame
annee year
orange orange
heure hour
hirondelle stcalloic
huitre oyster
soul
61eve pupil
or
aurum
etoile
Stella
homrae
homo
argent
heure
enfant
ane
hora
ami
argentum
amicus
infans
asinus
OS
OS
THE ARTICLE.
Lôeuf.
2. L'eponge.
3. L'enfant.
4. Les oncles.
L'ombre. 6. L'hiver. 7. Les anes. 8. L'ete. 9. L'eau.
IL L'ardoise. 12. Lêtoile.
10. Les aigles.
A.
1.
5.
The water. 2. The eagle. 3. The man. 4. The r.late.

The sponge. 6. The grass. 7. The shadow. 8. The
ring.
9. The winter.
10. The uncle.
11. The star.
12. The child.
A.
1.
5.
2.L'huile. 3. Lâmi. 4. L'os. 5. L'agneau.

8. Les hotels.
7. Les oranges.
9. L'encre.
11. L'herbe.
12. L'annee.
10. Les anes.
13.
1.
L'habit.
6.
L'anneau.
The bone. 2. The year. 3. The oyster. 4. The coat.

The hotel. 6. The oil.
7. The orange.
8. The
swallow. 9. The friend. 10. The lamb. 11. The soul.
12. The silver.
1.
B.
5.
1.
c.
5.
9.
The eggs. 2. The sisters. 3. The hotels. 4. The king.

The gold. 6. The hour. 7. The summer. 8. The bed.
The baths. 10. The ass. 11. The stars. 12. The
grass.
ceuf
aigle
ovum
agneau
aquila
anneau
herbe
anrulus
herba
huile
hirondelle
annee
agnus
oleum
hirundo
annus
6te
aestas
huitre
ostrea
ombre
umbra
ame
anmia
eau
aqua
oncle
avunculus
hiver
hibernns
DEFINITE AETICLE.
CONTRACTION.
de of or from,
io
or
aU
Before nouns singular and masculine not beginning
with a Yowel or
de
le
li
of or
du
mute,
from
p^re, of or
a le to or at the
au pere^
Before
all
de
the is contracted into du, as
to
is
from
the father.
contracted into an, as
or at the father.
nouns in the plural
les is contracted into des, as
des pereSj of or from the fathers.
Before all nouns in the plural
les is contracted into
aux peres,
aux,
as
to or at the fathers.
Before nouns feminine and singular contraction does not

take placcj as
de la m^re, of or from the mother.

k la m^re, to or at the mother.
THE ARTICLE.
9.
1.
1.
la porte.
2. De la vaclie.
3. Du cliien.
4. Le
vents. 6. Du nid. 7. Aux oncles. 8. De l^homme.
10. Au bain. 11. Da gar9on.
12. De la neige.
Des
fer. 5.
A Toj?.
2. To the king. 3. From the cheese.

the sisters. 6. Of the brothers. 7. At
the garden. 8. Of the gate. 9. To the sponge. 10. To the
oyster. 11. Of the lamb. 12. From the oranges.
2.
Of the queen.
1.
4.
Of the
4.
Des
8.
Du
maitre.
3.
12.
To
salt.
5.
De
la
reines.
5.
Aux
9.
Des
1.
pluie.
Au
2.
pierres.
10.
roses.
fromage.
6.
La
3.
brosse.
A la soeur.
7.
11.
Des murs.
Au jardin.
De
Inhabit.
ATheure.
1. To the girls.
2. Of the boys.
3. The children.
4.
Of the bone. 5. At the water. 6. To the snow. 7. From
the ice. 8. Of the rain. 9. Of the loaves. 10. Of the silver.
4.
11.
To the
5.
iron.
De
1.
Porange.
8.
Du
5.
12.
The dogs.
I'annee.
Les
pain.
vache.
12.
9.
la
2.
huitres.
Au
Des
6.
beurre.
10.
3.
os.
Aux
aigles.
Au
Peau.
7.
chien.
De
4.
De
Vherbe.
11.
De
la
plume.
3. From the ass.

1. Of the ink.
2. To the gates.
the soul. 5. Of the brushes. 6. To the oil. 7. From
10. Of the
8. Of the slate.
the dogs.
9. To the grass.
11. To the gold.
12. From the hotels.
ring.
G.
4.
To
5.
7.
1.
Des
I'hiver.
10.
la tarte.
pierres. 2.
G.
Aux
Des heures.
tantes. o.
7.
Le
sel.
De
8.
I'encre. 4. L'ete.
Les anes.
9.
Do
Au fromage.
To the walls. 2. Of the slate. 3. From the

To the children. 5. To the salt. 6. Of the
sponges. 7. Of the feet. 8. To the wind. 9. Of the uncle.
10. To the friend. 11. At the hotel. 12. From the door.
8.
silver.
1.
4.
THE ARTICLE.
II.
Un, a
or
THE^ INDEFINITE AETICLE.

aii,
masculine, used before masculine nouns
as
im pere a father
UQ ane an ass
Une, a
or an, feminine, used before feminine nouns
as
une mere a mother

une orange an orange.
un
une
unus.
una.
THE ARTICLE.
1.
1.
Un
5.
Unelieure.
6.
9.
Une
10.
livre.
Uiie soeur.
2.
reine.
Unbain.
Un
3.
7.
paysan.
Un
4.
os.
Unevache.
11.
Un
8.
roi.
Un frere.
Un pied.
12.
Une
plume.
2.
A book.
1.
man.
6.
child.
10.
1.
Un
5.
Une
i.
5.
1.
An
9.
6.
sponge.
9.
An
9.
habit.
3.
Une eponge.
hirondelle.
2.
The brushes.
1.
5. A
4. An uncle.
3. An egg.
A friend. 8. A brother. 9. A
11. A bone.
12. A year.
lU.
Une
tarte.
4.
Un
pain.
Unhomme. 8. Une
Une etoile. 11. Un lit.
7.
ardoise.
5.
5.
Un
2.
Une
7.
orange.
brosse.
Une
sister.
chien.
femme.
12.
A slate.
2.
hotel.
10.
The silver. 3. The ice. 4. A tart.

The hours. 7. A friend. 8. A book.
The stone. 11. A cow. 12. The ink.
6.
The oil. 2. The swallows. 3. A dog. 4. A daughter.

The iron. 6. The gardens. 7. A pen. 8. The soul.
A coat. 10. The water. 11. A table. 1. A loaf
10
Du, de
la
and
cles
are often used with
tlie
meaning some
or any.
EXAMPLES.
du Sucre
de la creme
des plumes
de Tencre
des oranges
When
used
aSf
some sugar
some cream
some 'pens
any ink
any oranges
an adjective stands before the noun, de only

de bon sucre, some good sugar.
Donnez-moi
Apportez-moi
II y a
II y a
Give
me
Bring me
There is
There are
Y a-t-il
Y a-t-il ?
Is there ?
Are there ?
Le papier
Le coton
La sole
La viande
La biere
Le lait
Le vin
La poire
The paper
The cotton
The silk
The meat
The beer
The milk
The wine
The pear
Et
And
is
THE ARTICLE.
11
2. Some loaves.
3. Some bread.
1.
1. Some cheeses.
Some snow. 5. Any salt. 6. Any water. 7. Some oil.
9. Some roses.
8. Some eggs.
10. Any grass. 11. Any
oysters. 12. Some tarts.
4.
Some rain. 2. Some books. 3. Any pens. 4. Some

Some ink. 6. Some iron. 7. Some coats. 8. Any
cream. 9. Some silver. 10. Any gold. 11. Some loaves.
12. Some cows.
2.
bones.
3.
5.
1.
5.
2. Donnez-moi du sel.
3.
1. Donnez-moi de Feau.
Apportez-moi des poires. 4. Apportez-moi des CBufs.
6. II y a des oranges.
II y a du coton.
7. Y a-t-il de
la sole ?
8.
a-t-il
des brosses
1 Give me tlie ink and the paper.

2. Give me (some)
4.
ink and (some) paper. c\ Bring me wine and milk. 4. Is
there any cotton ? 5. Bring me some oranges. 6. Are there
any pears ? 7. There are tarts and ices. 8. Is there any
.
cheese.
5.
4.
Any
friends.
1.
The paper. 2. Some paper.

3. Of the paper.
5. The feet.
6. Of the feet.
7. Some
paper.
8.
any meat?
To the
11.
friends.
Bring
me
Any
9.
friends.
the meat.
meat.
kit
lac-tis
vm
vmum
poire
pirum
et
et
papier
papyrus
il
ille
donnez
donate
apportez
adportare.
ibi
12.
10. Is there
There
is
some
FEENCH FOR BEGINNERS.
12
NOUNS.
FORMATION OF THE PLURAL.

1.
Tlie Plural is generally formed, in Frencb. as in
English, by adding s to the singular ; as
le livre, the hook; les livres, the hooks.
Nouns ending
2.
in S, X,
and
do not change; as
le fils, the son; les fils, the sons;
la noix, the nut; les noix, the nuts;

le nez, the nose; les nez, the noses.
in au and eil take X instead of

chapeau, the hat; les chapeaux, the hats;
Nouns endiug
3.
le
le feu, the fire;
Nouns ending
4.
les feux, the fires.

change al into
in al
le cheval, tite horse;
le fils the son.

le
bras
le
pays
t]ie
la
la
la
la
la
arm.
t]te
country.
wood.
the bone, (m.)
le bois the
I'os
le lis the lily.

le
le
bas the stocking.
aux;
as
as
chevaux, the horses.
paix the peace.
le
croix the cross.
le
nez the nose.

gaz the gas.
noix the nut.

poix the pitch.
voix the voice.
choix the choice.
le prix the prize.
le puits the well.

le
les
la perdrix the partridge.

la toux the cough.
corps the body.

tJie mouse.
la souris
Notice.
All
the following words are masculine:
eu
au
I'oiseau the bird, (m.)
le couteau the hiife.
le marteau the hammer.
le bateau the boat.
le tableau the picture.
le
bureau
le
moineau
the office.
le ruisseau the brook.
le tonneau the cask.
tJie
sparrow.
game.
le neveu the nephew.
le jeu the
un cheveu a
hair.
al
I'animal the animal.

I'amiral tlie admiral.
le g6n6ral the general.
le canal the canal.
le
metal the metal.
I'hopital
tlie
hospital.
NOUNS.
Write the Plurals of
1.
3.
8.
Le
Le
pied.
4.
1.
Le
noix. 5. Le nez.
9. La perdrix.
10.
La
couteau.
12. L'os.
13
13. L'hopital.
14.
livre.
Le
2.
pays.
Le bras. 11.
6.
La plume.
7. Le jeu.
Le canal.
Le cheveu.
The aunts. 2. The arms. 3. The winds. 4. The

The sons. 6. The bones. 7. The lilies. 8. The
woods. 9. The partridges. 10. The mice. 11. The stockings.
12. The voices.
1.
2.
kings.
5.
The games. 2. The countries. 3. The generals.

5. The admirals.
6. The sheep.
7. The
sparrows.
8. The horses.
9. The hammers.
10. The
knives.
11. The canals.
12. The brooks.
3.
4.
1.
The
boats.
1. The pictures.
2. The crosses.
3. The noses.
4.
The birds. 5. The scholars. 6. The wells. 7. The nephews.
8. The daughters. 9. The hair (pi.).
10. The beds. 11. Tbe
lilies.
12. The hospitals.
4.
5.
hats.
12.
The nuts. 2. The rings. 3. The offices. 4. The

5. The cask.
G. The stars.
8. The
7. The eggs.
The partridges. 10. The animals. 11. The bodies.
1.
sponges.
9.
The
metals.
fils
filius
croix
crux
noix
nux
pax
nez
chapeau
nasus
caput
feu
lis
focus
lilium
paix
poix
toux
couteau
VOIX
corps
vox
corpus
cheveu
animal
metal
feu
focus
pays
pagus
bras
puits
jeu
jocus
neveu
pix
tussis
culter
capillus
animal
metallum
brachium
puteus
nepos
14
GENITIVE
POSSESSIYE.
EXAMPLE.
The garden of the woman.
The woman's garden
Le jardm de la femme.
=
= The horse o the kmg.
Le cheval du
= The coats of the men.
The king's horse
roi.
The men's
coats
Les habits des hommes.
Verb To
be.
PLUKAL.
SINGULAK.
je suis
I am
tu es
thou art
he I
elle}-*
she\''
nous sommes
vous etes
ils
")
V.
elles
IV e
are
you are
sent
they are
Verb To have.
j'ai
I have
tu as
thou hast
nous avons
vous avez
ellel^
dies }
SINGULAE.
je
ne
suis
pas
tu n'es pas
ll
j-
n'estpas
pas
tu n'as pas
je n'ai
elle
^'^ P^^
^^^
we have
you,
have
they have
PLUEAL.
am not
nous ne sommes pas loe are not
thou art not vous n'etes pas
you are not
cisnot
-,,
ne sent pas they are not
I have not
nous n'avons pas

thouhastnot vous n'avez pas
she
^^^ ^^^^
elles 1
^'^^* P^^
we have not
you have not
'^^^ ^^^'^
'^^^
15
GENITIVE.
1.
1.
L'ardoise de 'enfant. 2. L'or du roi. 3. Le fils de la

4..Lesfils des rois. 5. Le nid des hirondelles.
1
reine.
2.
C.
L'ombre de
1.
The
femme.
2. The queen's daughter.

3. The
The cow's grass. 5. The swallow's nest.
horse's foot.
child's rose.
6.
la
The dogs'
4.
noses.
Les OS de I'animal. 2. Les os des animaux. 3. L'ami

du pere. 4. Les roses et les lis de la fille. 5. Le couteau
du paysan. 6. Les oeufs de la perdrix.
li.
1.
4.
1.
The daughters' lilies.

2. The master's
The asses' bones. 4. The child's voice,
pupil's arm.
6. The men's stockings.
3.
pictures.
5.
The
have the bird's eggs. 2. We have the birds' nests.

has the man's hammer. 4. I am the general's
nephew. 5. The men's voices. 6. Tlie dog's bones.
7. They have the admiral's boats.
8. They are the
queen's sons.
9. She is not the peasant's sister.
10. You have not the pheasant's nest.
1.
3.
He
suis
sum
Bommes
sumus
es
es
Stes
estis
est
est
sent
sunt
TKENCH FOE BEGINNERS.
16
THE ADJECTIYE.
I.
GENDER.
Adjectives tliat do cliange generally form
1
nine by adding e mute to the masculine ; as
tlie
femi-
petit, petite, little;

le petit livre, the little hooh;
la petite plume, the little pen.

Adjectives ending in e mute are alike in masculine
and feminine ; as
2.
le frere fidele.
la soeur fidele.
Adjectives are usually placed after the noun in French
as
le livre
amusant, the amusi7ig
A few only stand before the noun
hoolc.
as
le jeune homme, the young man.

Adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun to
which they refer ; as
le petit livre
la petite
MASCULINE
grand
*petit
delicat
lent
froid
FEMININE. ENGLISH.
grande
tall
petite
delicate
little
lente
froide
amusant
amusante
rond
profond
ronde
profonde
chaude
chaud
plumes.
les petites
MASCULINE FEMININE. ENGLISH

.
joUe
pretty
gaie
vraie
gay
delicate
gai
vrai
slow
prudent
prudente
prudent
cold.
vert
bleu
verte
bleue
green
amusing
round
blond
blonde
fair
deep
plein
warm
noir
hardie
noire
lold
hlach
mur
miii-e
rijpe
hardi
les petits livres
plume
*joli
true
blue
pleine
full
brun
*mauvais
brune
mauvaise
trown
had
*mechant
m^chante wicked
poll
polie
polite
MASCULINE AND FEMININE ALIKE.

juste
agile
just
jaune
yelloio
habile
agile
fertile
fertile
tendre
rouge
tender
red
riche
rapide
aimable
*jeune
swift
utile
docile
docile
pauvre
poor
avare
covetous
agreable
agreeable
aveugle
sage
rich
* Place before the
Noun.
clever
amiable
young
useful
blind
ivise.
THE ADJECTIVE.
1.
1.
Uu
bain agreable.
17
Une
2.
aveugle.
fille
Une
3.
pauvre femme. 4. Le chien docile. 5. Les poinmes jaunes.

6. Les rois prudents. 7. La petite vache. 8. L'liomme avare.
The clever boy. 2. The docile

5. The useful knife.
The rich king. 8. The wise girl.
1.
2.
4.
7.
3. A red coat.
A yellow table.
ass.
little child.
6.
1. Ilesthardi. 2. Nous nesorames pas jeunes. 3. lis

3.
sont dociles. 4. Elle est grande. 5. Ta es fidele. 6. Vous
n'etes pas riches.
8. Je suis pauvre.
7. Elle est habile.
1.
4.
4.
She
He
art docile.
1.
().
G.
is
2.
She
bold.
She
is
is rich.
Lefils est jeune.
G.
She
not rich.
5.
9.
He
2.
Le puits est profond.
The queen is clever.

4. The girl
The horse
is
Ho
am
young.
not amusing.
is
4.
useful.
3.
is little.
6.
Lapommeest mure.
La femme est gaie.
est joHe.
ronds.
man
8.
1.
5.
plume
is
is tall.
2.
is
5.
Thou
La
3.
Les oeufs sont
5.
The book
slow.
is tall.
7.
is
true.
The cow
3.
The
is red.
black.
Write Exercises 5 and G negatively.
fiddle
fidelis
jeune
juste
utile
tendre
Justus
tener
docile
docilis
avare
avarua
fertile
fertilis
rapide
rapidus
pauvre
pauper
juvenis
chaud
utilis
noir
calidus
niger
grand
grandia
mur
maturus
lent
froid
lentus
vrai
frigidus
prudent
verax
prudens
rond
profond
rotundus
profundus
vert
plein
viridis
plenus
18
IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES.
*Bon
*beau bel
blanc
doux
*cher
*gros
gras
long
*vieux, vieil
*
ENGLISH.
FEMININE.
ASCULINE.
bonne
beUe
good
blanche
douce
white
ch^re
grosse
dear (beloved)
gi-asse
fat
longue
long
old
beautiful
sweet
biff
vieille
Place before the noun.
NOUNS.
miel
lapin
I'arbre (m)
poupee
le
the honey
la
le
the rabbit
I'abeille
the tree
the cuckoo
the ant
la cerise
coucou
la fourmi
le
(f)
the doll
the bee
la chenille
the cherry
the caterpillar
la cage
the cage
Oui
Yes
Monsieur
Sir
Non
No
Madame
Mais
Et
But
Maman
Mon, ma
Madam
Mamma
My
Aussi
Also
And
bon
bonus
doux
blanc
miel
fourmi
arbre
blancus
douce
cher
mel
formica
arbor
dulcis
long
carus
longus
abeille
apis
THE ADJECTIVE.
1. The ass is not brown.

8.
The egg is round. 4. The lily is
young. 6. The ice is cold.
3.
9.
bird
6.
2.
The grass
delicate.
is
pretty.
The bath
is
not
green.
The dog
5.
The sister is poor. 2. The orange is ripe.

4. The boat is blue.
5. The fire
1.
is
19
3.
is
The
is hot.
full.
1. J*ai un bon ami.

3. Tu
2. II a une chere soeur.
10.
as Thabit noir uu paysan. 4. Nous avons les chevaux deciles
de rhomme. 5. lis ont le joli nid des hirondelles.

n'avez pas le petit chien du maitre.
6.
Yous
1. I have the young swallows' pretty nest.

2. Thou
11.
hast the blind girl's yellow rose.
3. He has the boy's white
hat.
4. She has a blind dog.
5. He has a wise brother.
G.
have some black ink.
12.
1.
Elle a
mon
lis
blanc.
2.
J'ai la
grande poupee.
5. Jean
des lapins noirs. 4. Tu as des pommes mures.

a un livre amusant.
6. Marie a un agneau fiddle.
3. II a
13.
1.
He
has a clever son.
have a faithful friend.

I have some cold meat.
3. I
4.
5.
6.
2.
She has a
ripe orange.
Thou hast a little daughter.

He has some hot water.
1. Le moineau estbrun.
2. Les cerise^ de mon ami
14.
sent rouges. 3. Le miel de I'abeille est bon. 4. Les vents
de I'hiver sont froids. 5. La fourmi est sage.
1. She is my friend's dear mother.
2. He is the
15.
4. The child's
3. The honey is sweet.
boy's good father.
voice is sweet.
5. The canal is long.
6. The woman's cow
is fat.
8. The grass
7. The general's daughter is beautiful.
of the garden is green.
16.
Exercise 12 negatively.
17.
20
THE ADJECTIYE.
FORMATION OF THE PLURAL.
II.
as
Adjectives form tlieir plural generally in

nouns by adding s to the singular ; as
petite
petits
petit
petites
les petits freres
la petite soeur
les petites soeurs
TO BE PRESENT-INTEEROGATIVE.
PLURAL.
SINGULAE.
Suis-je?
2.
Es-tu?
3.
Est-il ?
Est-elle?
VERB
Ami?
1.
Sommes-nous
Art thou}
2.
Etes-vous?
Is lie ?
Is she ?
3. Sont-ils ?
Ai-je ?
2.
As-tu
Are ice ?
Are you ?
Sont-elles?
"^'^ ^"^^
TO HAVEPRESENT-INTERROGATIVE.
PLURAL.
SINGULAR.
Havel?
1.
same manner
le petit frere
VEKB
1.
tlie
Hast thou
Has
Has
3. A-t-il ?
A-t-elle? }
1.
2.
he ?
she ?
3.
Avons-nous
Avez-vous ?
Have we ?
Have you ?
Ont-ils ?
Ont-elles ?
Have they
INTERROGATIVELY AND NEGATIVELY.

PLURAL.
SINGULAR.
Ne
2.
pas
N'es-tu pas ?
3.
N'est-il
1.
suis-je
Am
I not
Art thou not

\Is]ienot?
pas?
N'est-elle pas ?
Is she not
1.
Ne sommes-nous pas? Are we
2.
N'etes-vous pas
3.
Ne sont-ils pas ?
Ne sont-elles pas?
N'ai-je
2.
N'as-tu pas ?
N'a-t-ilpas?
N'a-t.elle pas
3.
Have I not ?
Hast thou not
?
\Hashenot?
J Has she not ?
.,
^''^ ^''^y "^^
PLURAL.
SINGULAR.
pas?
1.
not?
Are you not
1.
?
2.
3.
N'avons-nous pas? Have we not ?

N'avez-vous pas ? Have you not
..
N'ont-ils pas ?
',
^^"^ ^"^^ "^^'
^
N'ont-elles pas ? /
>
")
THE ADJECTIVE.
1.
1.
Le
joli
cerise rouge.
jaune.
11.
Un
Les
jolis chiens.
rouges.
6.
3.
Des
De *
cerises
jolis chiens.
rouges.
10.
7.
4.
La
L'oiseau
Les hommes
utiles.
The good boy. 2. The good boys. 3, The white lily. 4. The
5. The ripe apple.
6. Some ripe apples.
7. A little daughter.
daughters. 9. A little son. 10. Little sons. 11. The hot bath.
1.
Some hot
3.
1.
est petite.
belles ?
4.
You
12.
1.
6.
9.
1. J'ai
They
un
6. I
(f .)
petit
Je suis gai.
jeunes
Est-eUe avare
Are we rich
Mon p6re, vous etes bon.
2.
?
9. Sont-ils
are young.
agreeable.
5.
baths.
Suis-jebon?
5. Es-tu gai
voushardis?
5.
2.
cerises
lilies.
8. Little
12.
chien.
Les
8. Les oiseaux jaunes.

9. L'homme utile.
chapeau noir. 12. Des chapeaux noirs.
2.
white
5.
21
7.
3. Est-il
Sommes-nous
10. Sont-elles jeunes ?
petit? 4. Elle
polis ?
11.
8.
Etes-
Sommes-nous
?
2.
We
am
gay.
are wise.
moineau.
are poor.
7.
10,
2.
3.
Is
he
tall ?
Art thou prudent
4.
8.
She
is little.
They
(m.) are
Are they (m.) avaricious ?
Avez-vous de petits moineaux ? 3.*0ui,
4. A-t-il un ami fidele ?

un chapeau bleu. G. lis ont des chiens sages. 7. As-tu une
soeur aveugle? 8. Nous avons un livre amusant.
9. Avez-vous des livres
amusants? 10. Non, mais j'ai des livres utiles.
papa, nous avons aussi de jolies hirondelles.

5.
Elle a
Have you a tender mother? 2. Yes, Sir, I have also a wise

Hast thou a red rose ? 4. Y'es, mamma, I have also a yellow lily.
0. Has he any ice ?
7. Have you
G. No, Sir, but he has some cold water.
any ripe oranges ? 8. No, Sir, but we have some ripe nuts. 9. Have they
a good horse ? 10. Yes, my child, they have also a clever dog.
G.
1.
father.
3.
3. She
1. Has he some brown mice ?
2. He has a pretty nest.
7.
has some blue eggs. 4. We have not the large hats. 5. He has some little
sparrows. 6. Have they any dear sisters ? 7. Yes, Sir, and they have some
amiable brothers. 8. Have you any cheese ? 9. No, Madam, but I have
some butter. 10. Have you not a little daughter ? 11. I have not a tall son.
8.
9.
* Observe (1) that de is used for some or any when the noun is preceded
by an adjective. (2) That the French always place after, Ouj or Son some
such expression, as monsieur, madaine, viaman.
1
22
THE ADJECTIVE.
III.
The Adjective
COMPAEISON.
has, in Frencli as in English^ three degrees
of Comparison.
PositiveConiparatiye SuperlatiYe.
1.
The Comparative
or nioins,
less,
is
formed by placing plus^ more,
before the positive, as
positive,
riche, rich.
comparative, plus riche, more rich {richer)
moins
riche, less rich.
The Superlative is formed by placing le,

2.
before the comparative.
comparative, plus riche
le plus riche
superlative,
la plus riche
les plus riches
or les
~)
> the
most rich
moins riche
moins riche
^ the
les moins riches
le
la
la,
least rich
{richest)
TUB ADJECTIVE.
1.
Compare the following
2-3
'
adjectives with plus
mascu-
line singular
adjectives with moins feminine
niamusant clier
delicat
agreable
sage
jeune
mable vieuxjuste froid ^joli beau grand chaud.
2.
Compare the same
singular.
3.
Give the degree, gender, number, and English of
the following
1.
Le
plus gros.
La plus
Lesplusgros.
Le moins beau. La moins
beaux.
Les moins
Les plus amusantes. IL Les
grosse.
2.
Les plus grosses.

belle.
7. Les moins
4.
9.
La
plus
avare.
moins amusants.
12.
3.
6.
5.
belles.
8.
10.
Le
plus docile.
Give the French for

The coldest (fem. sing.). 2. The hottest (masc. plur.).
3. The least beautiful (masc. sing.).
4. The least beautiful (fem. plur.).
5. More beautiful (masc. sing.).
(fem. plur.).
6. Longer (masc. sing.).
7. Yellower
8. Yellower (masc. plur.).
9. More wise (masc. sing.).
10. wiser (fem. sing.).
11. The ripest (masc. sing.).
12. The ripest (fem. plur.).
4.
1.
5.
Give the degree, gender, number and English of
La
3.
2. Les plus grandes.
Les moins fertiles. 5. Les plus
G. Les moins agiles.
8.
7. Les plus jolies.
juste.
9. Les
moins justes. 10. Les plus
II. La moins utile.
12. Les plus gaies.
I.
plus grande.
delicat.
4.
Le moins
courtes.
La moins
habiles.
24
Que
than
Trts
Jeau
Jacques
Guillaume
Robert
very
Marie
Marguerite
Louise
Mary
John
Jam es
William
Robert
Margaret
Louisa
plus
plus
moins
minus
que
quam
THE ADJECTIVE.
6.
25
Give the French for
The most wicked (fern. plur.). 2. The blindest

(masc. sing.).
3. The least rapid (raasc. plur.).
4. The
poorest (fern. plur.).
5. The least sweet (fern. sing.).
6. The blackest (masc. plur.).
7. Prettier (fern,
sing.).
8. Taller (masc. plur.).
9. The most green
(fem. plur.).
10. Older (fem. sing.).
11. The oldest
(masc. plur.).
12. The boldest (fem. plur.).
1.
7.
1.
La souris
est plus petite
est le plus utile

utile.
5.
que
des animaux.
2. Le cheval
La vache est tres
le lapin.
3.
4. Le moineau est moins beau que I'hirondelle.

Le beurre est plus jaune que la creme. 6. Le
lapin est plus agile que I'agneau.

8.
1. The dog is the most faithful of friends. 2. The

eagle is the boldest of (the) birds.
3. The partridge is
larger than the cuckoo.
4. The brother is more amiable
than the sister. 5. The boy is less agreeable than the
girl.
6. The woman is older than the man.
9.
1.
La
10.
2. L'eau n'est pas tres

Jacques est tres poli. 4. Marie est tres
que Kobert.
5. Jjouise est moins habile
Jean est plus riche que Guillaume.
chenille est tres jolie.
chaude.
bonne.
6.
3.
1. William is not very young.

2. Robert is younger
than William. 3. He is not wiser than James.
4. The doll is very pretty.
5. The grass is very green.
John is older than Mary.
(3.
11.
12.
13.
26
TRENCH FOR BEGINNERS.
NUMERAL ADJECTIYES.
CAHDINAL NUMBERS.
FRENCH.
1
un
(m.)
une
LATIN.
unus
(f.)
2 deux
duo
3 trois
tres
4 quatre
quattuor
5 cinq
quinque
6 six
sex
7 sept
septem
8 huit
octo
novem
9 neuf
lOdix
decern
11 oni:e
undecim
12 clouze
duodecim
13 treize
tredecim
14 quatorze
quattuordecim
15 quinze
quindecim
IG seize
sedecim
17 dix-sept
septemdecim
18 dix-huit
octodecim
19 dix-neuf
novendecim
20 Yingt
viginti
21 vingt et un (or une)
viginti
unus
22 vingt-deux
viginti
duo
23 vingt-trois
viginti tres.
24 vingt-quatre
viginti quattuor
25 vingt-cinq
viginti
26 vingt-six
viginti sex
quinque
27 vingt-sept
viginti
28 vingt-huit
viginti octo
29 vingt-neuf
viginti
30 trente
triginta
31 trente
et
un
(or
une)
septem
novem
triginta
unus
NUMERAL ADJECTIVES.
3.
5.
^7
cerises
mures.
2. Deux bons amis.
1. Quatre
1.
Sept petits moineaux et cinq perdrix. 4. Neuf agneaux.
Six hommes riclies et dix femmes pauvres.
6. Huit
jardins et trois ruisseaux.
2.
Three white rabbits.
1.
2.
Eight loaves and six

tall trees. 5. Five
oranges. 3. Four yellow birds. 4. Ten

useful knives.
6. One beautiful rose.
8.
1. L'homme a dix-huit chevaux.
2. Nous avons
quinze brosses. 3. Avez-vous cinq petits nids et seize ceufs
ronds ? 4. lis ont dix livres. 5. La femme a quatorze
fromages. 6. A-t-il dix-neuf pommes ?
4,
coats
The master has eleven slates.

Have you sixteen oysters ?
1.
?
3.
5.
fourteen swallows.
have fourteen birds.
5.
filles
Has he eighteen
4.
No, but 1 have
Have they twelve lambs
6.
We
Vingt-deuxvaches utiles. 2. Trente-trois petites

Yingt-quatre bons gargons.
4. Vingt et une
habiles.
5. Trente et une annees.
6. Trente-neuf
souris.
jolis
2.
1.
3.
bateaux.
6.
1. Thirty six good sponges.
2. Twenty one long
hours.
3. Twenty five rings.
4. Twenty nine loaves.
5. Thirty seven stones.
6. Thirty four children.
FKENCH FOR BEGINNERS.
28
40 qiiarante
41 quarante
et
quadraginta
un
(or une)
quadraginta unus
50 cinquante
quinquaginta
51 cinquante et un
quinquaginta unus
60 soixante
sexaginta
61 soixante et
un
70 soixante-dix
71 soixante
et
onze
sexaginta unus
septuaginta
septuaginta unus
72 soixante-cTouze
septuaginta duo
73 soixante-treize
septuaginta tres
74 soixante-quatorze
septuaginta quattuor
75 soixante-quinze
septuaginta quinque
76 soixante-seize
septuaginta sex
77 soixante-dix-sept
septuaginta septem
78 soixante-dix-huit
septuaginta octo
79 soixante-dix-neuf
septuaginta
novem
NUMERAL ADJECTIVES.
1.
1.
quatre
deux
2.
lis
OS.
1.
six nuts.
mers.
3.
5.
6.
29
Qiiarante-huit bonnes plumes.

2. Cinquanteblancs.
3. Quarante et un lits.
4. Soixante5.
Quarante-six bas.
6.
Cinquante-cinq bras.
Sixty seven ants. 2. Fifty five aunts. 3. Sixty

4. Fifty four partridges.
5. Forty tliree hamFifty eight boats.
2. Sixty three
canals.
1. Seventy three birds.
3.
4. Seventy eight admirals.
Seventy seven brooks.
Sixty nine generals. 6. Seventy nine feet.
4.
72. 45. G3. 34.
17. 21. 10. 19. 78. 27. 16. 9. 12. 79.
5.
13. 39. 45. 54. 62. 26. 11. 32. 23. 55. 33. 39.
76.
30
CARDINAL NUMBERS.
FBENCH.
*80 quatre-yiiigts
LATIN.
octoginta
81 quatre-vingt-im
octoginta unus
90 quatre-yin^t-dix
nonaginta
91 quatre-vingt-onze
nonaginta unus
92 quatre-vingt-douze
nonaginta duo
93 quatre-vingt-treize
nonaginta tres
94 quatre-vingt-quatorze
nonaginta quattuo-r
95 quatre-vingt-quinze
nonaginta quinque
96 quatre-vingt-seize
nonaginta sex
97 quatre-vingt-dix-sept
nonaginta septem
98 quatre-vingt-dix-huit
nonaginta octo
99 quatre-vingt-dix-neuf
nonaginta noveni
*100 ceut
centum
150 cent cinquante
flOOO
mille
mille
Quatre-vingt takes no s, when followed by another number.

Cent takes no s, when followed by another number,
t Spelt mil in giving dates, as 1889 : mil huit cent quatre-vingt-neuf.
NUMERAL ADJECTIVES.
31
1.
1. Eighty six boys. 2. Eighty three nuts. 3. Eighty
seven mice. 4. Eighty five books. 5. Eighty one girls.
6. Eighty six kings.
7. Eighty four queens.
Quatre-vingt-treize bas.
2. Quatre-vingt-trois
Quatre-vingt-quinze chenilles. 4. Quatre-vingts
pieds.
5. Quatre-vingt-sept chevaux.
6. Quatre-vingtseize brosses.
7. Cent oiseaux.
8. Cent cinquante souris.
10. Quatre cents pluinjs.
9. Deux mille livres.
2.
1.
nids.
3.
1. Ninety seven caterpillars.

2. One hundred men.
3.
Eighty three hats. 4. Ninety three horses. 5. Ninety
eight rabbits.
6. One hundred sheep.
7. Ninety six
lambs.
8. Eighty six pears.
9. Three thousand boats.
3.
4.
126. 16. 135. 42. 72. 62. 192. 82. 7. 77. 37.
5.
95. 100. 3. 8. 178. 68. 74. 13. 19. 90. 170. 50. 250.
6.
1248. 867. 891. 1163. 478. 1180. 300. 1000. 2200.
1889.
7.
Exercise 6 as dates.
FRENCH FOE BEGINNEES.
32
PERSONAL PEOXOUNS.
PLURAL.
SINGULAR.
2.
NOM.
I
Je
Tu thou
3.
II
he, it
Elle
she, it
1.
NOM.
ACC.
Me me
Te
Le
La
1.
Nous
Vous
thee
2.
hi7nj it
3. lis
Je trouve
I find
tu trouves
fhoufindest
1^
Ellesj
her, it
ACC.
we
you
..
^^^2/
nous trouvons
vous trouvez
Nous US
Vous 2/0^^
Les
lye
them
find
you find
ils
>
they find
trouverit
elles
N.B.
Je
Je
Je
Je
Je trouve=J/?icZ-
porta
tue
cherche
loue
carry
hill
I seeh,or
I praise
-I
am finding I do find.
aime
Je sauve
Je trouve
Je visite
loohfor
I
I
I find
I visit
EXAMPLES.
I love thee
She seeks him

They find us
We love them
Je faime
Elle le cherche
Ils nous trouvent
Nous
les
love
save
aim on s
PRONOUNS.
1.
1.
sauve.
2. Elle
les visite.
3. lis te
louent.
5. II vous aime.
6. II
8. Elles la sauvent.
7. lis les tuent.
II
4. Elles
cherclient.
m'aime.
me
33
me
2. I am carrying it.
3. He is
1. I love thee.
2.
loving them. 4. They are loving him.
5. They (fem.) find
you. 6. They are seeking us.
7. He kills it.
8. She
loves him.
5.
7.
The master
praises me.
2. The dog loves me.
them. 4. They are visiting John.
He is seeking the asses. 6. They carry the coats.
William saves them.
8. They are killing the little
3.
3.
1.
James
is
visiting
caterpillars.
4.
1.
Thou
love them.
4.
art seeking me.

3. You
2. She saves us.
The dog saves him. 5. I am looking for
The girls are looking for thee. 7. The
the pitch.
6.
soldiers are killing the generals.
We
1. Thou art praising thyself (thee).

5.
2.
love
ourselves (us).
4. I
3. You are saving yourselves (you).
am praising myself (me). 5. The poor man is looking for
his little child.
6. The faithful sister loves the wicked
brother.
porter
louer
portare
laudare
aimer
amare
visiter
visitare
84
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES.
II.
SINGULAR.
PLURAL.
&
FEM.
MASC.
FEM.
MASC.
Mon
ma
mes
my
Ton
ta
tes
thy
Son
sa
ses
< her
Chis
iits
notre
votre
nos
vos
our
your
leur
leurs
their
1. Eemember tliat tlie possessive adjectives, like the

other adjectives, agree in gender and number with the noun
with which they are joined, as in Latin, as
Le
fils aime Sa mere.

The son loves Ms mother.
La fille aime SOU pfere.
The girl loves her father.
of sound mon, ton, SOn are used instead

before fem. nouns beginning with a vowel or
For sake
2.
of
ma,
ta, sa,
silent h.
tu
ilelle
nous
vous
ils
ego
tu
il-le il-la
nos
vos
elles
il-los
il-las
mon, ma, n
ton, ta, tes
son, sa, ses
notre, nos
Yotre, vos
meum, meam (meos)

tuum, tuam (tuos)
suum, Buam (suos)
noster, nostros
vester, vestros
35
PRONOUNS.
Son
oncle. 2. Satante. 3. Sessoeurs. 4. Leur

Leurs fr^res.
6. Mon chien fidele.
7. Vos
pauvres amis.
8. Yotre pere.
9. Mon orange mure.
1.
1.
frere.
10.
4.
5.
Mon
ami.
His daughter.
2.
1.
Our
little
bird.
7.
knife.
5.
Your red birds.
pretty lambs.
shadow.
12.
Her
My
little knife.
3.
knives.
6. Your green
8. Their pretty lamb.
9. Their
2.
Our
son.
little
10. His yellow orange.

His useful ass.
11.
Her black
2. Mary is seeking it.

Hast thou her doll?
5. The
loves her. 4. The bird seeks its nest.
king praises their sons. 6. She praises thee. 7. He saves
them.
they their hats ?
us.
8. Have
9. You have
10. She loves her brother.
11. She is carrying them.
12. I have it.
3.
3.
1.
Mary
Have you
books?
My
brother is looking
son and my little
daughter. 4. Has he my poor dog ? 5. Yes, sir, he is
killing it.
G. Have we our cloaks ?
7. Yes, my friend, wo
have them. 8. Bring me three white mice. 9. The peasant
has them.
10. My father loves his sister.
11. Give me
his hat ; he is seeking it.
4.
for
1.
them.
3.
He
his
finds
my
2.
little
3 *
S6
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS.
III.
PLURAL.
SINGULAR.
le
la
mien
mienne
les
les
miens
"^^
miennes J
le tien
les tiens
la tienne
les tiennes
le sien
les siens
la sienne
les siennes
le
la
notre
notre
le votre
la
votre
mine
thine
his, hers, its
les notres
ours
les votres
yours
les leurs
theirs
le leur
la leur
EXAMPLES.
He
my cow
ma vache ;
has not
11 n'a
pas
he has his.
il
a la sienne.
She has not thy book; she has hers.

Elle n'a pas ton livre j elle a le sien.
PRONOUNS.
37
1.
1. A-t-il son livre ?
2. Non, monsieur, il a le mien.
Jean, avez-vous nos petites souris ?
4. Oui, Jacques,
yai les votres. 5. A-t-il vos tartes ? 6. Oui, monsieur, il
a les miennes. 7. Ont-ils son bateau ? 8. Oui, mon ami,
ils ont le sien.
3.
2.
1. William has your knives and mine.
2. He has
her birds and thine. 3. She loves her dog. 4. Maiy loves
hers.
6. The woman seeks
5. He is seeking his cow.
hers.
7. I have my pencil and theirs.
8. She has her
dolls
3.
and
theirs.
2. Yes, sir, he has yours.

3.
1. Has he my brush?
Have we their beautiful lilies ? 4. No, my sister, we
have ours and yours.
5.
Is she your daughter?
Are you
John, I am your master and his.
madam, she
is
theirs.
7.
my
master
6.
8.
No,
Yes,
beautiful.
2. Mine is more beautiful
nuts are riper than yours. 4. Hers are
6. My
5. Her brother is younger than yours.
the ripest.
7. Mine are the youngest,
sisters are older than his.
8. Theirs are the prettiest.
4.
than
His dog
1.
3.
his.
5.
thine.
1.
3.
is
My
2. No, sir, they have

Have they my brush?
Her mice and his. 4. Our garden and hers.
5. He has
have hers.
my
7.
tart
My
and yours. 6. Bring me

lilies and hers.
8. Give
have your cross and his.
9. We
and hers.
my pen and my brother has
his.
my
books; I
me my
prize
10. I
have
38
IV.
DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVE.
PLURAL.
SINGULAR.
MASC.
FEM.
MASC.
&
FEM.
ce or cet,
ces, these, those,
cette, this, that ;
ce before a masc. noun or adjective beginning with, a
consonant, cet before a masc. noun or adjective beginning
with a vowel or silent h.
ce livre, ce bon livre.
cet ami, cet excellent livre.
cette plume.
ces plumes.
V.
RELATIVE PRONOUN.
Qui, who, which.
Que, whom, which.
VI.
Qui?
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN.
Who?
qui
Whom?
Que?
quis ?
What?
39
PRONOUNS.
est mon frere.

2. Get homme
3. Cette femmo est tres
pere de mon ami.
5. Donnez-moi ces
pauvre.
4. Ces oiseaux sont jolis.
6. Apportez-moi cet anneau.
poires et cette orange.
1.
Ce jeune homme
1.
sage est
le
2. This man is thy

This boy is my brother.
This woman is his mother. 4. These cherries
6. This little
5. This child has an aunt.
are ripe and red.
8. Those
girl has a fine doll.
7. These trees are green.
wells are deep.
2.
1.
friend.
3.
2. These ants
3.
1. That cuckoo has a sweet voice.
have a nest. 3. Those bees have some honey. 4. This
child has a pen.
5. These blind men are poor.
6. This
little child is gay.
8. Bring me
7. This dog is docile.
that white
4.
1.
lily.
L'homme
qui est sage.
2.
La femme
qui visite sa
mere. 3. L'oiseau qui cherche ses oeufs. 4. Qui a trouve

le nid?
5. Apportez-moi ces oeufs.
6. Les enfants qui
sont
jolis.
5.
ripe.
1.
3.
are red.
Qui
7.
est-elle
The father who is good. 2. The nuts which are

The canal which is long. 4. The cherries which
5. The man who has a hammer.
6. The bees
which have honey.
6.
new
1.
Who are
generals
4.
you?
Who
2.
Who
is this
is
he?
3.
young man
Who
are these
40
VERB.
Avoir,
to have.
SIMPLE TENSES.
INDICATIVE.
PRESENT.
J'ai,
tu as,
il or elle a.
nous avons.
vous avez.
ils or elles ont.
thou hast.
he or she has.
we have.
you have.
they have.
have.
IMPERFECT.
Jâvais,
I had.
tu avals,
thou hadst.
he had.
we had.
you had.
they had.
il
avait.
nous avions,
vous aviez.
ils
avaient,
PRETERITE.
had.
thou hadst.
he had.
we had.
you had.
they had.
Jêus,
tu eus,
il
eut.
nous eumes,
vous eutes.
ils
eurent.
avoir
habere
to
have
41
VERB.
PRESENT.
1.
1.
Nous avons de Tencre.
avez des amis.

a des cerises.
agneaux.
4. lis
7.
a un habit. 3. Vous
des pains. 6. Elle
as un marteau.
8. Elles ont deux
2. II
ont du pain.
Tu
5. J'ai
2. Thou hast a pencil.

3. We
have some honey. 5. They have the
pens.
6. She has some sugar.
7. You have the sponges.
8. They (f.) have the stockings.
2.
1.
He
has a knife.
have a house.
4.
IMPERFECT.
avait un chien.
2. Vous aviez de I'argent.
avait du beurre.
4. Nous avions de la biere.
5. lis avaient trois oiseaux.
6. J'avais cinq chapeaux.
7. Elles avaient du fer.
8. Tu avais des lis blancs.
3.
3.
1.
Elle
We
They had my
had three horses.

horse.
2.
5. Thou
brothers. 4. I had a friend.
hadst a ripe cherry. 6. She had a little garden. 7. They
(f.) had a cold bath.
8. He had a round table.
4.
3.
1.
You had two
PRETERITE.
5.
1. Nous eumes des anneaux.
2. I\ eut un agneau.
Elles eurent quatre moineaux bruns.
4. Vous eutes six
oncles.
5. Elle eut une ardoise.
6. J'eus deux pommes.
7. Tu eus du papier.
8. lis eurent le nid de Thirondelle.
3.
1. Thou hadst some salt.

2. We had some ice.
had thirteen rabbits. 4. She had a wise father.
5. They (f.) had some pretty dolls.
6. They had two
little boats.
7. He had a mouse.
8. You had some beer.
6.
3.
7.
1.
Exercise 1 interrogatively. 2. Exercise 2 inter4. Exercise 4

3.
rogatively.
interrogatively
and negatively.
42
VERB.
FUTURE.
J'aurai^
tu auras,
thou wilt have,

he will have,
il
aura,
shall have,
nous aurons,
vous aurez,
we shall have,
you will have,
auront.
they will have.
ils
CONDITIONAL.
Jâurais,
I should
tu aurais,
thou woiddst have,
il
aurait,
nous aurions,
vous auriez,
ils
auraient.
he would have,
we should have,
you would have,
they would have.
Les joujoux
une toupie
un cerceau
une balle
un cerf-volant
un clieval k bascule
un poney
une raquette
have,
the flay things

a top
a hoop
a hall
a kite
a rocking-horse
a pony
un volant
a battledoor
a shuttlecock
le cricket
cricket
une batte
un tambour
a hat
a drum.
43
VERB.
PUTUEE.
Tu
auras une balle. 2. Nous aurons un cheval

aura un cerf-volant. 4. Vous aurez un
cerceau. 5. J'aurai des joujoux.
6. lis auront du bois.
7. Elle aura une balle.
8. Elles auront quinze toupies.
1.
1.
de bois.
2.
1.
3.
II
She
have a
top.
bave a
will
rocking-borse.
3.
Thou
You
5.
will
ball.
wilt
2.
They
will
have a boop.
bave a
kite.
6.
4.
He
have a
I
will
shall
have
six horses.
CONDITIONAL.
auriez seize volants.
2. Tu aurais vingt4. Elle
3. Nous aurions sept battes.
aurait cinq balles.
5. J'aurais une toupie.
6. lis auraient
3.
1.
Vous
deux raquettes.
quatre tambours.
4.
bave
4.
1.
Tbou wouldst bave a pony.
fifteen
He would
2.
They would
I would bave a rocking-horse.

have ten shuttlecocks. 5.
should have
borses.
six battledoors.
3.
We
6.
You would have two drums.
5.
Exercise
6.
7.
Exercise 3 negatively and interrogatively.
8.
1 interrogatively.
44
YERB.
SUBJUNCTIVE.
PRESENT.
Que
That I may have,

that thou mayest have,
that he may have,
that ive may have,
j'aie,
que tu
aies,
qu'il ait,
que nous ayons,

que vous ayez,
that you
that they
qu'ils aient,
may have,
may have.
IMPERFECT.
qa'il eut,
That I might have.

that thou mightst have,
that he might have.
que nous eussions,

que vous eussiez,
that
that
Que
j'eusse.
que tu eusses,
qu'ils eussent,
we might have.
you might have.
that they might have.
IMPERATIVE.
qu'il ait,
Eave (thou),
let him have,
ayons,
let
Aie,
us have,
have [ye),
ayez,
qu'ils aient.
let
them have.
INFINITIVE.
To have
Present
Avoir
Present Participle Ayant
Past Participle
Eu
To make
tlie
compound
tenses,
having
had.
add the past
participle
to the simple tenses, as in English.
J'avais eu
I have had
I had had 8fc.
Le corps
Lecol
Le bonnet
Le chapeau
Le cahier
The
The
The
The
The
J'ai
eu
J'aurai eu
J'aurais eu
body
Le
collar
La
La
cap
hat
copybook
J shall have had.

I should have had.
canif
boite
clef
L'6pingle
Le porte-crayon
The penknife
The box
The Tcey
The pin
The pencil-case
VERB.
COMPOUND TENSES.
a eu. 2. Vous avez eu. 3. Tu auras eu. 4. Elle
aurait eu. 6. Nous avions eu. 6. J'aurais eu. 7. Vous avez
eu. 8. Vous eutes eu. 9. Vous aviez eu. 10. lis auront eu.
12. lis out eu.
11. II a eu.
1. They would have had. 2. You had had. 3. I have
2.
had. 4. Thou wilt have had. 5. They shall have had. 6. He
should have had. 9. Thou
had had. 7. She has had. 8.
10. I shall have had.
11. She will have had.
hadst had.
have had.
12.
2. Nous avions deux epingles.
1. II aura une clef.
3.
4. Vous avez mon porte-crayon.
3. EUes out nos cahiers.
6. Tu auras une boite.
5. lis avaient votre col.
2.
have a pencil-case.
4.
1. Thou hadst a pin.
4. You had twenty hats.
5. They
3. He will have a cap.
would have twelve collars. 6. He has had her penknife.
8. They will have his
shall have had his key.
7.
boxes.
1.
1. II
We
We
We
We
EXERCISES-INTERROGATIVE.
joujoux? 2. Oui, monsieur, il a trois

3. Avez-vous mon tambour ?
volants et deux raquettes.
5. Avions-nous de
4. Non, mon ami, mais j'ai votre balle.
7. Auraient-ils mes
petites clefs ? 6. Vous aurez cinq clefs.
9. lis avaient eu les
toupies ?
8. lis ont les cerceaux.
chapeaux et les bonnets. 10. Elle avait mes cols.
3.
5.
1.
A-t-il des
6.
1.
Have they our
Had he two ponies ?

have their hoops
she have his hoops
2. They have your kites.

?
Will they have her pony ? 5. Shall
6. Should I have her hoops ?
7. Will
8. Had you her rocking-horse ?
balls
4.
col
corpus
collum {the neck)
del
clavis
corps
46
VERB.
Etre to be.
i,
NDICATIYE.
SIMPLE
PRESENT TENSE.
Je
sms_,
tu
eSj
il
I am.
thou art.
he, or she
or elle est,
nous sommes,
vous etes,
or elles sont^
ils
we
are.
you
are.
they are.
IMPERFECT.
J'etais,
I was.
tu etais,
thou wast.
he was.
il
etait,
nous etions,
vous etiez.
ils
etaient.
we were.
you were.
they were.
PRETERITE DEFINITE.
Je
I was.
us,
tu fus,
il
thou least.
he was.
fut.
nous fumes.
vous f utes,
we
ils f urent.
they were.
were.
you were.
est
est
sommes
sumus
gtes
estis
sont
sunt
47
VERB.
PRESENT.
2. II est vieux.
1. Vous etes dociles.
3. Je suis
1.
6. Elle est vieille.
6. lis
jenne. 4. Nous sommes polis.
8. Tu es avare.
7. Elles sont petites.
sont petits.
1.
2.
4.
7.
He
is
You
are useful.
3. She is good.
are bold.
6. Thou art faithful.
8. I am poor.
good.
They are gay. 5.

They (f.) are gay.
2.
We
IMPERFECT.
1.
3.
Nous
prudente.
6. lis
4. II
etait
prudent.
grands.
etaient
2. J'etais juste.
etions riches.
5.
Yous
3.
Elle etait
etiez aveugles.
Elles etaient grandes.
7.
8.
Tu
etais agreable.
4.
1.
was old.
were old.
They were
4. She was
docile.
old.
You were
7.
5.
just.
2. Thou wast young.

3.JHe
They were old. 6. They (f.)
8. I was wise.
PRETERITE.
5.
4. Elle
1.
fut
douces.
(>.
Jcfusaimable.
7.
1.
You were
4.
They were
7.
We are tall
7.
1.
gatively.
2.
Nous fumes
gais. 3.
Ilfutdoux.
douce.
5. lis furent doux.
6. Elles furent
Je fus mediant. 8. Yous futes pauvres.
bold.
(f.).
rich.
5.
8.
2. He was bold.
3. She was bold.
They (f.) were bold. 6. I am tall.
Thou wast amusing.
3.
2. Exercise 5 interroExercise 2 interrogatively and negatively.
fus
fus
fui
fut
fuit
fAmes
fuimus
futes
fuistis
fiirent
fuei-unt
fuisti
FEENCH FOE BEGINNERS.
48
TERB.
FUTURE.
Je
I shall
serai.
il
sera,
we
nous serons.
vous serez'}
ils
seront,
Je
serais.
tu serais.
il
serait,
shall he.
you will
he.
they will he.
CONDITIONAL.
I should he.
thou wouldst
he would he.
he.
we should he.
you would he.
they would he.
nous serions,
vous seriez,
ils
he.
thou wilt he.

he will he.
tu seras,
seraient,
MASC.
Propre,
FEM.
propre.
fin,
fine,
clean.
fine.
solid.
solide.
solide.
dur.
obeissant,
dure.
obeissante.
ohedient.
fort.
forte,
strong.
hard.
new.
neuf,
neuve.
actif.
active.
active.
oisif.
oisive.
idle, lazy.
vif,
vive,
epaisse.
lively.
epais,
muet.
muette.
dumh.
thick.
cruel.
cruelle,
cruel.
annuel.
annual.
fou, f ol.
annuelle.
foUe,
foolish.
mou, mol,
moUe,
soft.
VERB.
49
FUTURE.
1. Tu seras cruel.
2. Nous serous actifs.
3. La
sera active.
4. Vous serez propres.
5. Les pommes
seront mures. 6. L'homme sera cruel.
7. Je serai obeis-
1.
fille
sant.
o.
8. Elles
2.
1. The
The woman
seront foUes.
rinor will
will
be
be new.
idle.
2.
We
4. I shall
sball be active,
be active. 5. The
be cruel. 7. Thou
boys will be obedient.

6. You will
shalt be poor.
8. The eagle will be strong.
CONDITIONAL.
seraient forts.
lis
2. La vache serait utile.
5. Tu
serious oisifs.
4. Elles seraient oisives.
serais fidele.
6. II serait vieux.
7. Elle serait vieille.
8. Vous seriez habiles.
3.
3.
1.
Nous
2. They would be wicked.

4.
1. We would be polite.
She would be lively. 4. I should be just. 5. They (f.)
would be idle. 6. He would be tall. 7. Thou wouldst be
8. You would be prudent.
obedient.
3.
solide
solidus
muet
dur
durus
vif
>
)
fort
fortis
vive
cruel
crudelis
mou, mol
neuf
neuve
novus
mutus
mollis
molle
6pais
epaisse
spissus
50
YEEB.
SUBJUNCTIVE.
PRESENT.
Que
That I may
je sois,
que tu
quîl soit,
que nous soyons.

que vous soyez,
he.
that thou mayest

that he may be.
sois^
he.
that we may he.

that you may he.
that they may he.
quails soient,
IMPERFECT.
Que
That I might
je fusse.
que tu fusses^
he,
que nous fussions,

que vous fussiez,
that thou mightst he.

that he might he.
that we might he.
that you might he.
qu'ils fussent,
that they might
qu'il fut^
he.
IMPERATIVE.
Sois,
Be
{thou),
qu'il soit,
let
him
soyons,
soyez^
let
us
he {you),
qu'ils soient,
let
he.
he.
them
he.
INFINITIVE.
Present
litre
Present Participle Etant
Past Participle
Ete
^
To he
Being
Been
To make the Compound tenses, add the past participle

to the Simple tenses of avoir, as in English.
J'ai ete
J'avais ete
J'aurai ete
Jâurais ete
I have heen
I had heen,
8fc.
I shall have heen

I should have heen
VERB.
1.
He had
1.
have beeo.
been.
2. She had been.
3. You should
They have been. 5. We had been. 6. Thou
7. You shall have been.
8. I had been.
4.
hadst been.
2.
Tu
1.
auras ete.
auront
4. Elles
ete.
51
aviez ete.
7.
II
2.
II
eut ete.
avait ete.
3.
Nous
auraient etc.
J'aurais ete.
5. lis
ete.
!.
aurions
6.
Vous
Les petits freres ont ete obeissants. 2. Sont-ils

Les chiens f urent fideles. 4. Les cerises rouges
auront ete mures. 5. Le bain etait chaud. 6. Les maitres
seraient cruels.
7. Etiez-vous jeunes ?
8. II aura ete bon.
8.
muets
1.
3.
1. Have we been foolish?

2. Will you be g'ood ?
4.
The boy has been idle. 4. The girl would be idle.
5. The children will be lively.
6. The sponge has been
7. Was she amiable ?
clean.
8. Were we prudent ?
3.
Guillaume avait etc gai.

Etait-elle gaie ?
1.
2.
5.
4. Marie etait muette.
5. Jean
Etaient-elles muettes ?
a ete pauvre. 6. Furent-ils pauvres ? 7. Le fer etait dur.
8. La brosse avait ete neuve.
3.
6.
white.
rich
7.
Ho
1.
3.
The table was" round.

2. The
The caterpillars were green.
5. We shall have been poor.

should have been prudent. 8.
Bois
aim
8018
SIS
soit
sit
soyons
soyez
simus
soient
sint
sitis
fusse
fusses
ut
fussions
fussiez
fussent
6.
He
had been
wo be
I had been idle.
should be active.
lilies
4.
Shall
fuissem
fuisses
fuisset
fuissemus
fuissetis
fuissent
52
Si
.^
'
fl
<D
iH
<D
O .
O
7"
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0)
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CD
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(D
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CD
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m xn m
^ ^ ^ %.
o o o
o
?-
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'71
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o o
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o
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fe*
53
REQULAR VERBS.
1. II finit.
1.
vend.
8.
Tu
5.
Vous
1.
2.
finishing.
Tu
12.
We
are selling.
are speaking.
receive.
3.
1.
10.
7.
8.
am
5.
do receive.
They
selling.
8.
2.
She
He
3.
receive.
6.
sells.
Vous receviez.
5. lis finissaient.
Nous
(f.)
9.
is
They
You
receive.
finissions.
4. lis recevaient.
vendiez.
We
2.
speakesfc.
She does
Nous
re9oi3.
7.
vends.
Thou
4.
Je
4. Elle
Elles parlent.
10. Ilparle. 11. Vous
3.
vendent.
lis
6.
lis re9oiveiit.
9.
finissez.
vendez.
Nous vendons.
2.
reôis.
recevions.
9.
6.
Tu
3.
Je
finissais.
Tu vendais.
7.
Vous
10. Elle rece-
parlais.
vait.
1. You were receiving.

3. She
2. He was finishing.
4.
was speaking. 4. They (f.) were selling. 5. He was speaking.
6. They were receiving.
8. I
7. We were finishing.
was selling. 9. You were finishing. 10. He was receiving.
2. Was he finishing ?
3. Does
used to receive. 5. Were you finishing ?
6. She used to sell.
7. Is she speaking ?
8. They (f.) were
selling.
9. They do speak.
10. You sell.
5.
he
1.
sell ?
4.
was receiving.
We
1. Was he selling ?
2. Wast thou finishing ? 3. Was
6.
I receiving ? 4. Were you speaking ? 5. Did they receive ?
6.
We were speaking.
ing?
9.
They
(f.)
7.
She
is
speaking.
are receiving.
10.
finir
finite
recevoir
recipere
vendre
vendere
8. Is
They
(f.)
he
finish-
receive.
54
a>
*^ .S
00
<:g <tH <fS
<S
CC 02
S ^ 5R
2
d 2
^
<a^
c -
SS
-g
i.22
.S
c3
O
"!)
1"^ ^~D

l-r 1-3 t-5
>
ft
!-;>

f-a i"3
1.1
Hj
1-5
REGULAR VERBS.
1.
Vous parlates.
vend is.
II parla.
5.
vendiines.
2.
4.
8.
1.
Vous
9.
He
2. Ilfinit.
3.
1.
recevrai.
4.
vendis.
7. II re9ut.
8.
10. Elles parlerent.
refutes.
finished.
You
2.
received.
We spoke.
10.
Thou
Je
Nous
She spoke.
They finished.
3.
7.
finishedst.
recevrons. 3. Tu finiras.
Elles parleraient. 7. Je
9. II parlera.
10. Elle finirait.
Nous parlerions.
8.
Nous resumes.
Tu
6.
They sold. 5. I spoke. 6.

They received. 9. I sold.
4. Tufinirais.
3.
55
2.
Nous
5. Elles finiront.
Je vendrais.
6.
He
1. They will sell.

3.
2. They (.) would finish.
4.
will receive.
4.
shall speak. 5. You will sell.
6. You
We
would receive.
5.
1.
7.
Thou
Vendrons-nous
cevra-t-elle
elles ?
7.
wilt finish.
2.
4. Eecevrait-il ?
Parlerai-je
10. E-ecevriez-vous
8.
Thou wouldst
Yendrions-nous
5. Finiront-ils
8. Parlerais-je ?
9.
3.
sell.
Ee-
6. Finiraient-
Recevrez-vous
3. Shall
1. Will he finish?
2. Would she finish?
6.
speak? 4. Should I speak ? 5. Will you sell ? 6. Would
you sell? 7. Shall we receive? 8. Should we receive?
9. Will they finish ?
10. Would they finish ?
finir-ai
-as
finire-habeo
I have to finish I shall finish

finire-habes
FKENCH FOR BEGINNERS.
56
O)
N
c;
^
cd
-H
C t>
o O
(=1
'
QO
.2
rii
<5i
g^
40
r<
^
g
H
*
-^s
!S
g
1
I
o
1^
N
0^
w
.2S
GC GC
?^
i g^g
m ui m m
Ji
p p
r3
o o o o
n P5 R C
o O <D
^ S
::
C3
OÔ'CÔ'
^
^ -^^
^ ^
U >
03
P,cfl
cc
<01
73
c^
n o o
O O C) o
o o o
a c 3 d
*.
to
CJ
-^
C<
C3
a
o
fl
g
^
1^
^ o
s
"B
-^
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aQ
CD
Qj
03
>.
taC
TO
p^
-^^
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fl

s ;^ Hi p
^
.
.t^
'S
CO
X5
(U
REGULAR VERBS.
1.
57
2. Qu'il vende.
Qu'il finisse.
3. Qu'elle reût.
7. Qu'il
5. Qu'il parlat.
6. Qu'il vendit.
8. Qu'il finisse.
1.
4. Qu'il re9oive.
parle.
2.
1. That you might receive.
2. That you may receive.
That you may finish. 4. That you might speak. 5. That
you might sell. 6. That you may speak. 7. That you may
sell.
8. That you might finish.
3.
3.
nous
6.
1.
Qu'ils parlassent.
finissions.
Que vous
4.
Que
vendissiez.
je
7.
2.
Que nous
re9oive.
Que nous
vendions.
3.
Que
5. Qu'ils reûssent.
parlions.
8.
Que tu
re9usses.
4r.
1. That thou mayest receive.
2. That we might speak.
That he might finish. 4. That they may sell. 5. That
she might receive. G. That I may sell. 7. That he may
finish.
8. That she may receive.
3.
58
^
00^
P4
-M
ent.
s-en
I.
N
>
!>
3(
> >
n-is
arl-
P^vi
v,^
Hq
CO
<5j
2
2
-M
(U
m >
CO O
r^
<^
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^
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11
i
PS
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So. 2
i'-d
s s A.
Co
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w
CU
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So
Sh
ft
CO
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e3
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PL(
Pa Ha
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Ph
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cr*
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f^Pt.
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Ph
C^
.S3
<u
REGULAR VERBS.
59
1.
Vendue.
1.
5.
Recjue.
6.
9.
Parle.
10.
Parlant.
2.
Qu'il
Recevons.
3.
Finissant.
11. Finissez.
re9oive.
Qu'il
parle.
4. Finis.
Vends.
8.
7.
12.
Qu'ils
vendent.
2.
him
1.
receive.
11.
Let us sell.
5. Receive
finish.
To
8.
Finished
12.
receive.
Received.
2.
9.
(f.).
Let us
4. Let
Let them
10. Spoken.
Selling.
3.
To speak.
Speak thou.
6.
(ye).
7.
finish.
Nous aurons
fini.
3. II a
avais fini.
6. Vous auriez
7. Elle eut fini.
8. lis avaient vendu.
9. Avoir
parle.
10. J'aurais parle.
11. Que nous eussions re9u.
parle.
12. Quîl ait vendu.
3.
1.
vendu.
3.
Jâvais
4.
Ayant
re9u.
re9u.
Tu
We
shall
4.
They
That you may have
sold.
1. Thou hast sold.

4.
2.
They should have spoken.
finished.
5.
mightst have received.

received.
11.
2.
5.
9.
"We have
He had
sold.
12.
7.
8.
Having
He had
spoken.
To have spoken.
finished.
She
have received.
shall have
6. That thou
(f.)
will
10.
have received.
60
VEEB.
a.
"^
Interrogatively
Parle-t-il
Parlons-nous
Parlez-vous ?
Parleut-ils
Am I speaking ?
Do I speak ?
Dost thou speak
Does he speak ?
Do we speak ?
Do you speak ?
Do they speak ?
Parle- je ?
Parles-tu ?
?
Art thou speaking
Is he speaking ?
Are we speaking ?
Are you speaking ?
Are they speaking ?
Negatively,
h.
Je ne finis pas,
I do not finish.
I am not finishing.
Tu ne finis pas,
Thou dost not finish J ^c.
II ne finit pas
Nous ne finissons pas
Yous ne finissez pas
lis
ne finissent pas
Interrogatively and Negatively.
c.
Ne
Ne
Ne
Ne
Ne
Ne
regois-je pas ?
reôis-tu pas
Do I not
Am I not receiving ?
pas ?
recevons-nous pas
recevez-vous pas ?
reôivent ils pas ?
re9oit-il
d.
Compound Tenses.
Je
I have not spoken.

Save I spoken ?
Have I not spoken
n'ai pas parle,
Ai-je parle ?
Nâi-je pas parle
e.
receive ?
^c.
Are the men
selling
Does the master praise
The men are they
Les hommes vendent-ils ?

The master does he praise ?
Le maitre
Is
John not seeking ?
2.
Parle-t-il
loue-t-il
selling
John is he not seeking ?

Jean ne cherche-t-il pas
The acute accent on the
but punit-il,
* Notice 1.
mute
re(?oit-il,
of the first person.

vend-il.
REGULAR VERBS.
61
Give 1. Present of vendre interrogatively.

2. The
imperfect of parler negatively. 3. Future of finir interrogatively and negatively.
4. J'ai re9u negatively
5. Interrogatively
6. Interrogatively and negatively.
Finissons-nous ? 2. Recevez-vous ? 3." RecjurentVendra-t-il ? 5. Reût-il ? 6. Reôis-tu ?

7. Vendons-nous?
9. Parleras-tu ?
8. Reôis-je ?
10. Avons1.
1.
4.
ils ?
nousfini?
11.
Same
2.
Receviez-vous
12. Re9oit-il
negatively.
2. Should they sell ?

1. Are we speaking ?
3. Did
3.
they receive ? 4. Wast thou finishing ? 5. Did we speak ?
8. Shall we sell ?
7. Will he receive ?
6. Dost thou sell ?
11. Do I
10. Were they receiving?
9. Did you finish?
12. Should I speak?
receive?
4.
Same
5.
1.
negatively.
Mon
pere
a-t-il
ont-elles fini leur dejeuner

4.
Ma
a-t-il
6.
vendu
?
mere a-t-elle reû

vendu sa maison ?
le
cheval? 2.
cherche
3. A-t-elle
les
pommes
5.
Mes
tantes
les chiens ?
Mon
maitre
Negatively.
the men speak? 2. Will the aunt receive^

fathers selling ?
4. Have the mothers spoken ?
5. Had the queen received the books?
6. I3 the boy
seUing the cream ? 7. Will the brothers have sold their
books ? 8. Do the girls receive roses ? 9. Has the master
sold his dog ?
10. Was the woman speaking ?
7.
3.
1.
Do
Are the
8.
Negatively.
2. Ne vendraient-ils pas ?
1. Je ne parlerai pas.
4. Ne recevrons-nous pas les
ne vendront pas.
6. La femme
cerises rouges ?
5. L'homme a-t-il parle ?
ne parlait-elle pas ? 7. Ne parle pas. 8. Ne parlous pas.
2. Was he not speaking?
10.
1. I was not speaking.
4. Has he sold his house ?
3. No, he will not speak.
5. Yes, he has sold his house, but he will not sell his horses.
8. Do not
0. Have you finished your lesson ?
7. Finish.
finish.
10. Let us not sell.
9. Let us receive.
9.
3. lis
62
ADYEEBS.
Many adverbs
are formed from the feminine of adjectives

of meilt (Latin, mente, with a mind) ; as
sagement, wisely;
sage, wise;
by the addition
douce, gentle;
They are compared
as
doucement, gently.
in tbe
same manner as adjectives
sagement,
wisely,
plus sagement,
le plus sagement,
the most icisely,
moins sagement,
moins sagement.
le
more wisely,
less ivisely,
the least wisely.
The adverb is generally placed

and after the auxiliary verb
Adverbs of time and place usually
Place of the Adverb.
after the verb in a simple tense,
in a
compound
tense.
stand at the end of the sentence.
Adverbs of Place.
ou,
where
y,
la,
there
ici,
here
7iear
there
loin,
far
pres,
a droite,
to the right
a gauche, to the
left
Adverbs of Time.
quand
when
then.
alors.
a present,
at present,
aujourd'hui,
to
day.
hier,
yesterday,
demaiu,
to
morrow,
t6t.
soon.
tard,
late.
encore,
souvent.
toujours.
yet, still.
deja.
already.
often.
3amais,
never.
always.
enfin.
at last.
oil
ubi
quand
quando
ibi
aujourd'hui
hodie
loin
longe
hier
tard
heri
tarde
63
ADVERBS.
1.
Plusrapidement. 3. Moins
Froidement. 6. Leplus
Le moins *liardiinent. 8. *Gaiment.
Lcplusfidelement.
1.
jastement.
4.
"^poliment.
7.
2.
Delicatement.
5.
Usefully. 2. More wisely. 3. Less cleverly. 4. Most

6. The least slowly.
5. Truly.
7. More gently.
8. Less wisely.
2.
1.
blindly.
3.
L Yous dansiez souvent. 2. II cliante toujours. 3.11
4. Oh gardez-vous votre
a ferme la porte aujourd^hui.
petit chien ?
5. EUe aime tendrement son pere et sa mere.
6. Avez-vous porte la table a gauche ?
4.
When
1.
yesterday?
3.
will
They
you find
will
my book?
dance to-morrow.
2.
Did he sing
4.
My
master
shutting the door already.

5. You will find the house to
had dined then.
the right.
6.
is
We
2. Gardezlelapin
L'oiseau chante agreablement.
Apportez-moi souvent des poires et des pommes.
4. Donnez-moi des joujoux aujourd'hui. 5. Enfin elle apporte
du Sucre. 6. Le roi louait sagement ses generaux.
5.
1.
3.
ici.
6.
to
1.
slowly.
my bird ? 2. Bring me my ball

seek your bat now. 4. He often speaks
They shut the door cleverly. 6. You will dance
Where
morrow.
5.
did he find
3. I will
gaily.
Notice irregularity.
64
Adverbs
of
comme
like
bien
well
Manner and Quantity.

^tant (de)
^
so
much
mal
badly
f(,50 many
combien (de) how much
vite
quickly
assez (de)
SI
so
peu
tres
very
rather
trop (de)
plutot
'
(de)
enough
little
too
much
beaucoup(de) much
Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation.

OUl
non
yes
yes
SI
ne
ne
ne
no
pas
point
rien
not
not
nothing
*Observe^
1
De
used after adverbs of quantity

Assez de pain,
He has some bread
II a du pain,
He has not any bread
jj ^,^ r
^^ r
I
tie has no bread
J
is
=
=
_
Enougb bread
2.
but.
bien
tant
mal
peu
non
bene
ne
tantum
male
nepas
ne point
ne rien
paucum
non
ne
ne passum {not a step)
ne punctum {not a point)
ne rem {not a thing)
ADVERBS.
(55
1.
2. II recevra tres
1. Combien d'argent avez-vous ?
poliment votre petit frere. 3. Nous avons toujours loue
Guillaume. 4. Elle etait la liier. 5. II y a beaucoup de
glace.
6. N'avez-vous pas encore trouve votre eponge?
7. Nod, monsieur, mais j'ai trouve ma brosse bier soir.
2.
1.
You
ing slowly.
John ?
7.
He
5.
3.
will find the
house
Have you enough
He was here yesterday.
easily.
2.
6.
You
are walk-
Where is
Mary sings very badly.
of bread
4.
speaks too quickly.
3.
1. Marchez a droite.
2. Combien d'oeufs avez-vous
trouve? 3. Aimez-vous beaucoup ce livre ? 4. Ne chantezpas comme Jacques. 5. Jean danse bien. 6. A-t-il trop
d'argent ?
7. II a assez d'argent, mais peu d'or.
8. Elle
4.
1.
master?
is your horse ?
2. How do you like your
There are many birds. 4. I have too much
She is very clever. 6. I have often praised my
Where
3.
paper.
5.
brother.
7. Our uncle will not
8. They are not very wise.
sell
the bees at present.
5.
1. He has some wine.

2. He has some good wine.
has much wine.
4. This brook has little water.
They have some money. 6. They have not any money.
7.
They have too much money.
5.
3.
He
66
PEEPOSITIONS.
to,
apres
avec
avant
chez
after
dans
de
en
par
pour
in
at
with
before
withj at the house of

of,
from
in
by, through
for
without
sans
sous
sur
a travers
a Paris
under
on,
wpon
across
at or in Paris
en Ecosse
in Scotland
ad
chez
de
casa
de
en
par
pour
in
sans
sur
sine
(a cottage
per
pro
super
PREPOSITIONS.
67
1. Elle danse avec son frere.

1.
2. Mon pere restera
8. Demeure-t-elle chez son oncle ?
a Londres.
4. II y a
beaucoup d'oiseaux dans le nid de I'hirondelle. 5. Ses
enfants marchaient sans cliapeau. 6. Le chien est sous
la table.
2.
1. She lives in England.
2. He has found the
rabbit in (dans) the wood.
3. This horse is for your sister.
4. Will you stay with (chez) my aunt after the summer ?
5. The woman is in the hospital.
6. The girls are walking
through the garden.
2. Portez ces
1. Cette petite souris est pour vous.
3.
roses a votre mere.
3. II a trouve Tardoise, mais pas le
crayon.
4. Elle a lave I'enfant avec I'eponge.
5. Nous
chanterons pour nos freres.
6. J'ai
vendu
les
bas de
soie.
4.
1. He will speak to the man.
2. The children are
in the (an) garden,
4.
3. Bring the roses to Paris.
My
mother
for
is
house of her friend.

The lilies are under the
at the
John.
6.
5.
This pretty coat
tree.
L'Europe
Spain
Germany
L'Espagne
L'Allemagne
Africa
L'Asie
L'Afrique
Italy
L'ltalie
America
LÂmerique
Russia
La Russie
Australia
England
L'Australic
L'Angleterre
Londres
London
Edinburgh Edimbourg
Scotland
Ireland
L'Ecosse
Paris
Paris
L' Irian de
Brussels
Bruxelles
France
La France
Europe
Asia
is
PEENCH FOR BEGINNERS.
68
CONJUNCTIONS.
et
and
ou
mais
or
hut
car
for
done
que
then
that
because
parce que
si
ni
II n'a ni
ni
He
pain ni beurre.
nor
neither
lias
neither bread nor butter.
INTERJECTIONS.
All
bon
lielas
oh
et
et
111
car
nee
aut
quare
Bl
SI
ou
bravo
fi
69
CONJUNCTIONS.
LIST OF VERBS.
add
jouir
to
obeir
perir
remplir
to
enjoy
obey
to
perish
to talk
reussir
to
to cost
salir
to soil
apercevoir
concevoir
decevoir
devoir
to
ajouter
to
allumer
to light
briller
to
shine
bruler
causer
couter
to
burn
to fill
succeed
demander
to
eviter
to
frapper
to strike
frotter
to
rub
garder
gater
to
keep {preserve)
to spoil
marcher
to
walk
apprendre
to learn
oser
oublier
to
dare
attendre
entendre
fendre
defendre
to
to
defend
pendre
suspendre
descendre
to
hang
hang
go down
rendre
fondre
repondre
tondre
perdre
to give
to
answer
to
shear
mordre
to bite
tordro
to twist
to
ask
avoid
forget
think
penser
to
raconter
rouler
to tell (a story)
to roll
agir
to act
applaudir
to
applaud
batir
to
build
flechir
bend
to furnish
to grow
tburnir
grandir
guerir
to
to cherish
perceive
to conceive
to deceive
to
to
owe
wait
hear
to split
to
to
to
back
melt
to lose
70
EECAPITULATORY EXERCISES.
1.
They are defending the town.
1.
2.
Let them act
He
has split the wood. 4. These good

would perish in the canal. 5. He will save them.
wisely.
3.
women
3.
1. Shall we applaud ?
2. Have you forgotten my
rabbits and mice ? 3. They would tell many stories (histoires)
4. They will talk the whole night (toute la nuit).
5. Let us
avoid the deep well.
3.
1.
you not
My
dear friend spoils her
spoil yours also
brother.
4.
3.
little
daughter.
owed much gold
Wait here the whole hour.
5.
to
2.
Do
my good
I hear the
cuckoo's voice.
4.
1. He will have lost our prizes.
2. Has she found
hers ? 3. Will he succeed ? 4. To-day the men filled the
casks with wine. 5. He saved her.
5.
1.
Robert
her.
4.
because
The man
will not furnish eighty boats.
lost his beautiful
We are walking
we dare not walk
dog
3.
2.
Has
This dog will not bite
slowly^ too slowly.

(inf.) quickly.
5.
It is (c'est)
71
EECAPITULA.TORY EXERCISES.
EECAPITULATORY EXERCISES.
0.
lie
is lazy.
not preserve
7.
perishing.
2. It is because our
not strike the horse. 4. Would
children ? 5. She rubs her tables often.
This tree
1.
gardener
1.
Add
8.
tlie
is
Do
2. His coat costs

Will the farmer shear the
The peasant has not burned the
seventy-five to twelve.
more money than mine.
3.
lambs or the sheep ? 4.

wood. 5. Do they not owe some
silver ?
1. Do the chickens grow ?

2. The stars were shin8.
ing in the sky. 3. The cruel admiral has dared to hang
three men. 4. The birds were singing in the forest.
5. Is
he not lighting the gas ?
9.
1.
He had
asked some cheese.
killed the soldier's daughters
father of his people.

and yours.
4.
3.
No,
They think only
2.
my
of
Has the tiug

son, he
(a)
is
the
their horses
10.
1.
The children had forgotten their books.
They have neither their books nor their hats. 3. We are
neither good nor clever.
4. The bees have neither honey
2.
nor sugar.
72
PAET
II.
CONVEESATION EXEECISES
SUGGESTIONS TO THE TEACHER.

In using tlie following conversation exercises^ the pupils
should read aloud in the class the list of words at the head
of the page. The words should then be committed thoroughly
to memory, the pupils being well exercised on them both
orally and in writing.
The sentences should then be gone
over with the object of any necessary explanation and be
reproduced as an exercise next day. The pupil should be
thoroughly familiar with each page before passing to a new
one.
Further exercises should be made by the teacher^ and
the pupil should be made to use his words in replying to
questions formed and varied by the master.
The amount of
work given and the time spent upon each page is left to
the judgment of the master.
The amount of attention given
the Etymology will also depend upon the individual
teacher and age of the learner ; but the writer believes that
great advantage and pleasure will result from a continual
comparison of the two languages.
to
COKVERSATION EXERCISES.
1.
Le lever
hot
take
lazy
give me
Rising
the bed
lelit
the bath
the towel
bain
I'essuie-main (m ),la
le
serviette
to
dry
the
the
the
the
the
the
the
essuyer
l'6ponge
sponge
soap
miter
le
to
comb
If you please
clean
cold
Get up
I am still
apportez-moi
brush
to tcash oneself
(f.)
dents (f.)
la brosse
la brosse ^ dents
le peigne
S'il vous plait
propre
to dress oneseij
les
brush
toothbrush
donnez-moi
me
to sleep
(f.)
savon
I'eau
teeth
bring
chaud
prenez
paressoux
to
comb (one's hair)

up
to get
here is
there is
now
dorniir
brosser
se laver
s'habiller
se peigner
se lever
voici
\o\\k
maintenant
froid
Levez-vous
Le ve-toi
J'ai encore envie
filcepii
de dormir.
Yon. are very lazy.
Nobody awakes me
me my
Glue
Bring
Bring
Bring
Bring
towel, if
Personne ne m*eveille.
you please.
me my sponge.
me the soap.
me some hot water.
me name cold water.
Brush your teeth {les dents).

Here is the toothbrush.
Here
Here
is the
is
comb.
the brush.
Now I am clean.
I have washed myself
I have dressed inyself
I have combed
my
hair
Je
Je
Je
me
me
me
suis lave
suis habille
suis peigne.
lectum
chaud
calidus
essuyer
exsuccare
main
manus
savon
eau
dent
peigne
sapo
prendre
donner
dormir
prehendere, prendere
donare
dormire
laver
habiller
lever
lavare
maintenant
manus, tenens
lit
plaire
froid
aqua
dens,
-tis
pecten
placere
frigidus
habilis
levare
74
FEENCH FOE BEGINNEES.
2.
The
clothes
Les vetements
un habit
un gilet
un pantalon
a coat
a waistcoat
a pair of trowsers
a shirt
a collar
une chemise
the thread
lefil
an umhrella
a imiffler
un parapluie
un cache-nez
des bottines (f.)
des souliers (m.)
des pantoufles (f.)
stockings
des manchettes
des bas (m.)
hoots
shoes
slippers
the pocket
(jloves
desgants(m.)
to
un
cuffs
col
a pocket-ha7idkerchief un mouchoir
an overcoat
un par-dessus
huttons
des boutons (m.)
Can you
{do
you hnow
Where
my
shirt ?
is
There it
Give me
is.
La
mend
put
quite ready
mettez-le (mets-le)
tout pret
vous savez
to)
it
dress yourself?
voila.
Buy me some gloves.

Mend my stockings, if you ])lease.
Here are huttons for your
Here is thread.
Give
coat.
me my
handkerchiej.
in your 'pocket.
Take your umhrella.
it
Take your muffler.

Where is your overcoat
I have lost my shoes.

I am quite ready.
Let us go.
Allons.
col
collum
fil
filum
mittere
totus
mettre
tout
poche
raccommoder
you knoio
my collar.
Here is my coat.
Bring me my cuffs.
Where are my stockings ?
Put
la
CONVERSATION EXERCISES.
to
3.
Breakfast
the
the
the
the
the
the
the
Le dejeuner
une soucoupe
a saucer
un couteau
a knife
une fourchette
a fork
une cuiller
a spoon
a cojf'ee-pot une cafeti^re
nappe
tablecloth
la
milk
le lait
butter
le caf6
lesel
le Sucre
le beurre
ready
pret
ham
le
jambon
to take
prendre
the bread
le
pain
to eat
manger
an egg
a slice of bread and
un
to sleep
dormir
to breakfast
dejeuner
coffee
salt
ugar
butter
a cup
ceuf
une tartine
une
tasse
Good morning J Papa ! Bonjour, papa

Good morning y Mamma ! Bonjour, maman
Have you slept well ? Avez-vous bien dormi ?
!
I am hungry
{I have hunger).
{The) Breakfast is ready.
Here
is
I will
I IV ill
slice
take
an
J'ai faim.
of bread and butter.

egg.
take some milk.
me some ham, if you please.

me some salt.
Bring me a cup.
Bring me a saucer.
Give me some bread.
Give
Give
Here
Here
is
some sugar.
a spoon.
Yoic do not eat.
It is time to go to school.
is
II est
Theure
d'aller
en
classe.
lait
lac, lactis.
pain
panis
couteau
culter
sel
sal
lEUf
ovum
fourchette
furca
TRENCH FOR BEGINNERS.
76
4.
The school
the bell
the slate
the pencil
the exercise-hook
the pen
the penknife
the satchel
L'ecole.
Indian rubber
la cloche
the
I'ardoise
the overcoat
the ring
le
crayon
le cahier
plume
to
le
canif
to
sac
le petit
Listen
gomme
le
par-dessus
61astique
sonner
to listen
la
la
hang up {on a
hooJc]
forget
late
6ccuter
accrocher
oublier
tard
The
bell is ringing.
We
are late.
Hang up your overcoat.

Hang up your hat.
Here
Do
is
your
satchel.
not forget your hoohs.
Here
Here
is
is
your slate.
your pencil.
me an exercise-hook.
me a pen.
me a penknife.
Bring me some India-ruhber.
Give
Give
Give
crayon
creta
sonner
sonare
plume
pluma
oublier
tard
oblivisci
tardus
Dinner
the soup
roast meat
boiled meat
mutton
fish
la
soupe
du roti
du bouilli
du mouton
du poisson
Le diner
salad
de la salade
salt
du sel
une serviette
nne assiette
a napkin
a plate
to
drink
tarte
des pommes de terre

des petits-pois
des legumes
de la tarte
give him
to dine
rice
du
to
potatoes
peas
vegetables
riz
It is dinner time.
Wash your
77
boire
je bois
I drink
prendre
donnez-lui
to take
diner
sup
C'est I'heure
souper
du
diner.
Lavez-vous les mains.

Brossez-vous les cheveux.
Brush your hair,
He^'e is your napkin.
Will you {have) soup ?
The soup is very hot.
Here is roast meat.
Give me some heef, if you please.
Give me some viutton, if you please.
Give me some fish, if you please.
Take some salt.
Take some vegetables.
Here are peas.
Here are potatoes.
Give him some boiled meat.
Give him some rice.
Give him some salad,
I drink water.
Give me some water, if you please.
poisson
legume
hands,
&nh--de'-e{P--
boire
bibere.
FRENCH FOR BEGINNEES.
78"
La
The school-room
tableau noir
classe
read
the hliick-lioanl
le
a desk
a form
a table
un pupitre
un banc
une table
write
to count
to sit dou-n
the class
la classe
to
a map
une carte
to
chalk
ink
to like
the master
de la craie
de I'encre
du papier
le maitre
a pupil
un
the lesson
la le(;on
to sing
chanter
paper
or
to
lire
ecrire
to
une el^ve
compter
s'asseoir
play
jouer
etudier
study
each
aimer
chaque
on
sur
with
avec
V0U3 avez raison
vouz avez tort
you are right

you are wrong
The school-room is large.

The master has a desh.
Bach scholar has a desh.
He
reads his lesson.

just been reading (Je viens de
History of France.
I have
He writes on a
lire)
the
slate.
The master writes with chalk.
He
writes on the hlach-hoard.

me some inh.
Give
Give
me my
Here
is
copy-hook.
some paper.
We write with a pen and ink.
It is four o'clock.
tableau
table
noir
table
classe
like to
tabula
j"
niger
tabula
classis
play.
carte
craie
carta
creta
papier
maitre
chanter
papyrus
magister
cantare
lire
ecrire
asseoir
legere
scribere
ad sedere
aimer
amare
sur
super
79
.7.
To play
To play at ball
To play at football
To play at cricket
To play at shuttlecock
To play at draught.'i
To play at che/is
a
a
a
a
Jouer
jouer
jouer
jouer
jouer
jouer
jouer
a la balle
au ballon
au cricket
au volant
aux dames (f.)
aux echecs (m.)
battledoor
une raquette
to loin
gagner
hoop
un ceiceau
to lose
perdre
top
une toupie
un fouet
to
break
broken
casser
casse
des billes
assez
tou jours
buy me
goodbye
whip
inarblea
enough
always
(f.)
to leap
achetez-moi
adieu
sauter
Let U8 play at hall,

I have lost my hall.
Bring me a hoop.
Buy me a top, if you please.

Buy me some marbles,
I should
like
We play
at foothall.
Little hoys
a whip.
do not play at foothall.
I like to play at cricket,

I have just hroken my top.
I have played enough.
I always lose.
You always win.
Goodhye
volant
volans
dame
domina
-tis
perdre
adieu
perdere
ad deum
80
8.
Tea
tlie
teapot
a cake
a hiscidt
cream
preserves
thin
Lethd
la thî^re
thin bread
un gateau
un biscuit
empty
and
butter
I prefer
preferer
je pr6f^re
much
beaucoup
to prefer
de la cr^me
des confitures
des tartines minces

vide
mince
It is tea time,
Be
quicTc
C'est Theure du the.

Faites vite
!
Will you (have) some
cal'e ?
I prefer thin bread and butter.

Do you like much milk ?
I will take some cream.
Where
is the
teapot
It is empty.
Give a biscuit to your

Wkes preserves.
Give him some cake.
little
brother.
He
Here
Here
is
Give
me a
biscuit
is
a cup.
a saucer.
spoon.
bis coctus
vide
viduus
81
9.
Les parties da corps
The parts of the body

the arm
le bras
the hand
la main
the finger
le doigt
the thumb le pouce
the nails
les ongles (m.)
the leg
la jambe
the foot
le pied
the toes
les orteils (m.)
the knee
le genou
the back
le dos
the sfoTnacM'estomac (m.)
t?ie
la poitrine
chest
le coeur
the heart
to sleep
to
to
dormir
marcher
walk
run
courir
to cut
couper
the scissors
les
ciseaux
(ra.)
I have cut myself

je me suis coupe
je me suis coup6 au doigt
I liave cut my finger
have you cut yourself? vous ^tes-vous coup6 ?
to
work
travailler
We work with our {the) hands.

We write with our hands.
We draw with our hands.
We play at hall with our hands.
Our hands
are very useful,
I have cut my (the) hnee.

Wash your hands,
I have eight fingers and two
Have you cut your nails
Where are the scissors ?
bras
brachium
main
manus
doigt
digitus
pollex -icis
pouce
thumbs.
ongle
pied
ungula
dos
dorsum
pes
orteil
articulus
genou
genu
ccEur
poitrine
courir
cor
pectus
currere
82
10.
The
-parts
head
the neck
le
the forehead
the mouth
the lips
the tongue
Les parties du corps.

the teeth
the throat
to see
les dents
la gorge
voir
to
hear
entendre
les
to
smell
le
to
speak
sentir
parler
I'oeil
cheeks
We
We
We
cou
le visage
the face
the eye
the eyes
the nose
the ears
tlie
of the body
la tete
tlie
(m.)
yeux
nez
les oreilles (f .)
to taste
gouter
les joues
to cheio
macher
(f.)
le front
la
bouche
les Ifevres
la
(f
.)
(f.)
to breathe
respirer
to eat
manger
nous mangeons
ice
eat
langue
with our eyes.

hear with our ears
smell with the nose.
see
The mouth speaks.

The tongue tastes.
We
have two
lips.
The
teeth chew.
We
breathe by (par) the nose,
I have
I have
I have
headache
earache
toothache
J'ai
mal a
la tete.
cou
coUum
bouche
bucca
gorge
gurges
ceil
oculus
levre
nez
nasus
voir
sentir
videre
sentire
oreille
auricula
frons
langue
dent
labra (pi.)
lingua
dens
gouter
gustare
front
83
11.
The Jive
senses
smell
la vue
I'ouie
I'odorat (le)
taste
le
sight
hearing
gout
toucher
touch
le
odour
Todeur
the stone
la pierre
(la)
I have two eyes for seeing {in

I have two ears for hearing,
I have a nose for smelling.
I have a tongue for tasting.
I have fingers for touching.
How
With
How
do you see
{par)
my
Les cinq sens

the song
to see
to
hear
la
chanson
voir
entendre
to smell
sentir
to taste
gouter
toucher
to touch
pour
for
order to
see,
pour
voir)
eyes.
do you hear ?
With my
ears.
I see the dog.

I taste the apple.
It is {c'est) good.
I smell the rose.

I liear the song.
It is very pretty,
touch the stone.
It is very hard.
vu, voir
oui, ouir
viderc
audire
odeur
pour
odor
pro
6 ^
FRENCH FOR BEGINNEES.
84
12.
The garden
a spade
a rake
a watering-can
reseda
une racine
une tige
une feuille
a stem
a leaf
jardin
seed
le lilas
le
Le
a bud
la fleur
la rose
le rosier
la tulipe
la violette
la marguerite
lelis
the flower
the rose
the rose-tree
the tulip
the violet
the daisy
the lily
the lilac
the mignonette
a root
un bouton
de la grains
une b^che
un rateau
un
arrosoir
to
dig
water
a flower -bed
becher
to
arroser
un parterre
Tieat
propre
to think
Denser
nosegay
jouquet (m.)
(Do you like flowers
Are you fond of flowers ?

I am very fond of them,
(I like
?)
tliem mucli.)
I love my garden,
I dig it,
I water it.
my
Look at
The red
roses.
more beautiful than the white.

not think so. Je ne le pense pas.
The mignonette has a very sweet smell.
The tulip is very pretty.
Where is your rahe ?
This flower-bed is not neat.
roses are
I do
Look
at this rose-tree.
nosegay for our friends.
Let us gather
(cueillons)
fleur
flos
lis
rose
rosa
feuille
violette
viola
a,
little
lilium
folia (pi.)
CONVEBSATION EXERCISES.
85
13.
Le jardin
un navet
une carotte
un chou
The garden
a turnip
a carrot
a cabbage
peas
an onion
des petits pois
beet-root
to help
Help me
Give
aider
ground
the
un ognon
un betterave
la terre
dry
sec,
the bed
the gardener
vegetables
la
to
sow some
s^che
planche
le jardinier- ^re (la)
des legumes
seed.
me some peas.
Where shall I put them

In this small hed.
I have no heet-root.
I have some onions.
We shall have good peas.
The ground is very dry.
Our gardener likes flowers
better
He
does not water the turnips.

Here is the watering-can !
chou
terre
caulis
terra
siccus
than
vegetables.
86
14.
The orchard
an apple-tree
an apple
a pear-tree
a pear
a plum-tree
a plum
a cherry-tree
a cherry
a mulberry -tree
a mulberry
a straivberry
a gooseberry
a raspberry
xm pommier
une
un
pomme
poirier
une poire
Le
verger
grapes
un prunier
the loine
une prune
an orange
un
cerisier
une cerise
un murier
une mure
une fraise
une groseille
une framboise
une groseille
une vigne
une grappe
du raisin
a currant
a vine
a bunch of grapes
le
vin
une orange
un melon
du fruit
a melon
fruit
ripe
mur
-unripe, sour
vert, acide
sweet
doux
unwholesome
to pick up
malsain
ramasser
We
have fine apple-trees in our orchard.

like pears ?
We have twenty fine pear-trees.
I like fruit very much.
Give me some raspherriesj please.
These strawberries are very large.
These plums are very ripe.
Do you
The
cherries are sour.
What a fine mulberry-tree !

I like mulberries when they
Quel beau murier

are (will be) ripe.
Let us pick up these apples.

Unripe fruit is very unwholesome.
pommier
pomme
poirier
poire
prunier
pomum
prune
vigne
prunum
vmea
fruit
fructus
maturus
dulcis
pirus
raisin
racemus
mtir
acide
pirum
prunuB
vm
vinum
doux
acidus
87
15.
The country
the labourer
the plough
to
plough
the harrow
to
harrow
I'oumer
labourer
la herse
herser
to
sow
semer
to
grind
moudre
to cut
couper
the grain
le
com
oaU
jUmr
ears of corn
the hedge
the mill
they, people
the field
I think
How
le travailleur,
la charrue
la graine
the seed
Look
They
They
They
They
They
Look
La campagne
grain
lebl6
I'avoine (f.)
la farine
des epis
la bale
moulin
on
le
le
champ
je crois
at these lahotirers.
are
are
are
are
very diligent.
ploughing.
harrowing.
sowing.
grow corn
On
here.
at that field of turnips.

small that seed is !
The hedges are green.

The grain is carried
to the
cultive le ble ici
Que
mill
cette graine est petite
{They carry the
gram
the mill)
Grind the corn.

Faites moudre le grain.
The farmer will cut the com next week.
The cows are going (vent) into the field of wheat.
These ears of
com
are very pretty.
campagne (campania)
campus
avome
conduire
conducere
cultiver
cultus
semer
semen
on
homo
avena
to
88
16.
The country
the farm
the fanner
the farm-mistress
the potiltry-yard
a turkey
a goose
a duck
a hen
Here
He
La campagne
a chicken
some corn
un poussin
dubl6
la fermiere
the grass
I'herbe
la basse-cour
to
un dindon
une oie
un canard
une poule
to cackle
caqueter
to lay
pondre
a pond
un etang
la
ferme
la fermier
is the
farmer
swim
(f.)
nager
carrying the goose.

Come with me to the farm.
Here is the poultry-yard.
There is the farm-mistress.
Her children are giving corn to the turkeys.
The ducks are swimming in the pond.
is
see ten geese.
Here are fine hens.

The hen lays eggs.
Have you seen the chickens
Yes,
poule
nager
Mamma,
pullus
natare
they are very pretty.
pondre
ponere
itang
stagnum
89
17.
TJie country
the Jiay
the haymaker
to viabe hay
the scythe
the mower
an odour, scent
the pitchfork
delightful
the meadow
the field
to
La campagne
le foin
faneur
faner
le
la faux
faucheur
odeur
la fourche
le
line
delicieux
la prairie
le
champ
nourrir
feed
Here is a large meadow.

The hay is very good.
Look at the haymakers.
The mower has a scythe.
The mower cuts the grass with his scythe.
This hay will feed the horses, the oxen and
the cows.
Let us too make hay.

Give me a pitchfork.
The
How
How
How
scent of the hay is delightful.

busy the mowers are ! Que les fauchenrs sent laborieux
green the grass is !
delightful the country
is.
foin
foenum
faner
faneur
faux
faucheur
fourche
furca
champ
campus
falx
90
18.
Tlie sea
the ocean
I'ocân
a
a
a
a
un rocher
un banc de
un orage
rock
sandhanTc
storm
La mer
sable
une vague
fun navire
iunvaisseau
wave
^ ,
^'^''P
.
a hoat
un bateau
a steavi-hoat un baten.u a vapeur
the mast
le
the helm
the sail
le
the rope
the compass
la corde
la boussole
coal
the sailor
le
the captain
le capitaine
to
to cross
mat
to
to
Have you
carry
guide
fasten
gouvernail
la voile
du charbon
marin
porter
traverser
diriger
attacher
seen the ocean ?
How vast the sea is !

We cross the ocean in
ships.
The masts are very high.

The sails are white.
The ropes are strong.
steam-hoat carries coal.
The helm guides the ship.

The sails are fastened (attacliees) to
The sailors are brave.
They love the sea.
The water of the sea is salt (salee).
How useful the compass is !
the masts.
mer
mare
voile
velum
ocean
oceanus
aura
corde
chorda
charbon
carbo
navis
vas
marm
marmus
capitaine
porter
portare
orage
navire
vaisseau
vapeur
vapor
gouvernail
gubernaculum
caput
91
19.
The forest
the
wood
the wood-cutter
tfie
La
le bois
le
bAcheron
le
houx
le saule
le peuplier
I'orme (m.)
le hetre
le sapin
le
le
axe
scier
la scie
la cogn6e
stag
lecerf
wild boar
hedgeJwg
hare
le sanglier
rabbit
le lapin
to inhabit
habiter
abattre
rempli
the
the
the
the
the
the
chone
le tilleul
le
saw
saw
the
I'arbre (m.)
tree
the oak
the lime-tree
tlie holly-tree
the willow
the poplar
the elm
the beech
the fir-tree
the plank
the joiner
the saicyer
forSt
to
to fell
full
planche
menuisier
10 hat is ?
shoic
me
le
h6risson
le lievre
qu'est-ce que ?
montrez-moi
le scieur
Let us go (allons)
to the forest.
The forest is full of great trees.

Show me an elm and a holly.
Those trees (ces arbres-la) are oaks.
Here is the wood-cutter

The wood-cntter fells trees*
The sawyer saws fir-trees.
What
does the joiner do ?
The joiner makes
Que
fait le
menuisier
tables with the planks.
What
is the wild boar?

wild boar is a wild pig.
hedgehog inhabits the woods.
hare runs very fast {vite).
rabbits are very numerous.
How fast they mn!
The
The
The
The
arbre
peuplier
scier
scie
scieur
arbor
p5pulu3
'
secare
cognce
cuneus
cerf
lievre
cer^lls
habiter
habitare
lepus, leporis
PRENCH FOR BEGINNERS.
92
20.
Les cieux
The Jieavens
le soleil
the wind
the light
moon
la lune
tJie
stars
les etoiles (f .)
to
morning
le
evening
le soir
to set
se
day
le
gives us
nous donne
night
north
south
jour
la nuit
le
sky
the sun
le ciel
tJie
the
the
the
the
the
the
the
the
the
the
le
matin
to
nord
sud
loest
I'ouest (m.)
go
souffler
to
bed
coucher
se coucher
se lever
we go to bed
nous nous couchons
we rise
nous nous levons
what is it which qu'est-ce qui
du nord
What
The
The
The
The
paraitre
to rise
Test (m.)
the north
heat
appear
to bloio
east
from
vent
lumi^re
la ehaleur
le
la
{is it
which) gives
îs
light ?
sun gives us light.

sun gives us heat.
moon
sun
appears.
in (a) the West.
sets
There are the stars.

We rise (in) the morning.
We go to hed {in) the evening.
The wind is blowing from the N,
The wind is blowing from the 8.
Where does the sun rise ?
It rises in the East.
vent
lumiere
ehaleur
soleil
sol
lune
luna
6toile
Stella
matin
lever
soir
matutinum
serum
]our
nuit
diurnus
nox, noctis
ciel
donner
ventum
lumen
calor
levare
donare
coelum
93
21.
Animaux domestiques
Domestic animals
the
the
the
the
the
the
the
le
cat
horse
le chat, la
ox
le boeuf
coxo
la
calf
sheep
le
le
vache
veau
mouton
un agneau
une ch^vre
un pore
catch
attraper
galoper
de la laine
to gallop
xcool
Do you love your dog

What is his name ?
His name
chatte
cheval
le
a lamb
a she-goat
a pig
to
chien
dog
Comment
Oscar.
{They call
My cat catches mice.
Does the horse gallop ?
The sheep gives us wool.
The cow gives us milk.
We
is
call the flesh
of the oXj
I'appelle-t-on ?
Oscar.)
him
heef.
(La viande du boeuf

sâppelle boeuf.)
We call
We call
We call
Where
the flesh of the calf, veal.

the flesh of the sheep, mutton.
the flesh of the pig, porh.
is the cat ?
It is in the garden.
It is catching birds.
Oh, the naughty cat
chien
cams
boeuf
bos, bovis
vache
agneau
vacca
agnus
ch^vre
pore
laine
domestiquc
capra
porcus
lana
domesticus
04
FRENCH FOB BEGINNERS.
22.
Animaux sauvages
Wild animals
Which
le lion
the lion
the tiger
the inonTiey
le
an elephant
a wolf
a bear
a seal
a camel
a serpent
a fox
immense
un elephant
un loup
un ours
un phoque
un chameau
un serpent
un renard
immense
droll
the den
la caverne
le tigre
singe
drole
(Quel) is the largest animal? {of the animals)
It is the elephant.
Here is the lions'' house {den).
Have you ever seen a lion ?
Yes, Sir, I have also seen a tiger.
Show me
How
the monkeys.
monkeys are !
The elephant is immense.
The wolves are fierce.
Is the hear white or brown ?
Are the seals tame ?
The camel is very useful.
Have you seen the serpents ?
Wolves Mil lambs.
droll the
lion
tigre
leo -nis
616phant
loup
ours
elephantus
lupus
ursus
phoque
chameau
phoca
chamelle
tigris
camelus
j
serpent
serpens
immense
immensus
-tis
95
23.
Birds
Les oiseaux
parrot
le
canary
le serin
cage
la cage
sayid
le sable
tJie
perch
la perche
le
to hatlie {oneself)
se baigner
I'autre
Tun
un morceau
plumage
bit
the plumage
bright
le
to catch
attraper
brillant
beautiful {the) birds are
like their bright
Mamma, my parrot
I have two pretty
pUimage.
Does your parrot speak

Yes,
mouron
the chick-weed
the one the other
How
perroquet
the
the
the
the
speaks, but
it
does not fly.
canaries.
The one is yellow, the other

The cage is large.
Here is the perch.
Here is some sand.
Here is some chickweed.
is green.
He
He
bathes himself.
does not eat.
Give him a bit of sugar,
I left the door of the cage open.
My canary has flown away (s'est envole).

Mamma will be angry with me (sera f^chee
un
unus
autre
alter
morceau
plumage
pluma
mordere
contre moi)
96
24.
Birds
le
le
a swallow
le rossignol
the nightingale
the dove
the blackbird
the sparrow
the linnet
the cuckoo
to shoio
le linot
passereau
la linotte
coucou
montrer
voler
vers le sud
la fenetre
la miette
window
crumb
The birds sing sweetly in
Have you found
pigeon
merle
moineaule
le
to fly
the
le
le
le
southward
the
Les oiseaux
corbeau
rouge-gorge
une alouette
une hirondelle
the raven
the robin
a lark
the wood.
the sparrow^s nest ?
Noj John, hut there are three swallows^ nests under the
Do you hear the larh ?
Noj hut I hear the cuckoo.
Do you hear the nightingale ?
Where
is the larh's nest ?
Show me a
Where do
hlachhird.
the swallows fly to in
autumn
They fly to the south.

The robin is at the window.
Give him sortie crumbs [of bread).
corvus
alauda
hirundo
montrer
monstrare
alouette
hirondelle
voler
fenetre
volare
fenestra
merle
merula
miette
mica
corbeau
roof.
97
25.
Insects
Les insectes (m)
the fly
a bee
the icasp
la
la
la teigne
la fourmi
le
icorm
le ver
silk-worm
cocoon
le ver a soie
cocon
une araignê
le
sortir de
merveilleux
iraportun
wonderful
troublesome
to spin
What do
the
moucheron
la chenille
spider
to come out of
Does
abeille
guSpe
le papillon
butterfly
the moth
the ant
the gnat
the caterpillar
tlie
the
the
the
the
mouche
une
filer
Que font
the hees make ?
wasp make honey too ?
les abeilles ?
Butterflies lay eggs.
What
{is it which) comes out of the eggs ?

Caterpillars or worms.
The silk-worm is very useful.
What does it do ?
It spins silk.
The ants are very diligent.
They are very wonderful.
Spiders are so aUo. Les araignees le sont aussi.
Tlie flics are troublesome.
mouche
musca
fourmi
formica
abeille
apis,apicula
mouche
musca
guepe
vespa
papillon
teigne
papilio
tinea
ver
araignê
vermis
aranea
FEENCH FOE BEGINNERS.
9.8
26.
The
bee
L'abeille
a bee-hive
wax
the honey
de la cire
miel
le rayon de miel
le
the honey-comh
sting
the queen hee
a cottage
the strata
to
(f)
une ruche
suck
un
aiguillon
la reine des abeilles
une chaumiere
la paille
sucer
Here is a pretty cottage !

There are five bee-hives.
How
busy the bees are
They are going (vont)
to
suck the flowers.
they make ?
They make honey.
Honey {le) is very sweet.
What do
I like it.
The bee's
There
is
sting is sharp.
a wasp.
Where is the queen bee ?

These hives are made of straw.
The bees have a sting which hurts
cn-e
cera
miel
rayon
mel
chaumiere
calamus
radius
(fait
du mal)
99
27.
The house
the
the
the
the
the
the
the
the
door
la porte
hall
le vestibule
La maison
the pane
the table
dining-room
la salle k manger
draicing-room le salon
bed-room
la chambre h. coucher
kitchen
la cuisine
staircase
I'escalier
window
la fenetre
la vitre
la table
la chaise
the chair
tlie sofa
the piano
the picture
(m)
le
canape
piano
le
tableau
le
to
go up
monter
to
come into
entrer
Gome with me.

Here is my father's house.
Your father has. a fine house.
Let us go up the staircase.
Gome into the dining-room.
On the chimney-piece there is a clod'.
The sofa is large.

The pictures are very pretty.
Here is my hed-room.
Bo you like it ?
Yes, Mamma, it
The kitchen
L'aimez-vous
is {c*est)
a pretty room.
is too small.
I donH like it.

Come and see (Venez voir) the joiner^ s
He is not at home (chez lui) to-day.
porte
porta
chambre
camera
escalier
table
scala
tabula
entrer
intrare
large house.
100
28.
The colours
red
orange
yellow
blue
Les eouleurs
(f)
rouge
green
I'orange
violet
le violet
le
janne
bleu
black
white
le noir
le
le
le vert
le
blanc
green
vert, verte
bleu, J)leue
black
white
noir, noire
blue
the sly
le ciel
the rainbow
I'arc-en-ciel
Looh
at the rainbow
Do you see seven colours ?

I see red.
I see yellow and blue.
The grass is green.
The shy is blue.
White is not a colour.
Black is not a colour.
You
are wrong.
No, Sir,
Looh
I see
Is
I am
right.
at the apple.
it.
red or yellow ?
do not know.
it
Show me
those pears.
They are green.

They will soon be brown.
couleur
rouge
ruber
vert
viridis
color
violet
viola
noir
arc
niger
arcus
ciel
coelum
blanc, blanche
101
29.
The seasons
winter
Christmas
Easter
printemps
l'6t6 (m)
I'automne (m)
I'hiver (m)
Noel
Paques
Midsummer
la St.-Jean
spring
Les saisons
le
summer
autumn
(f)
to skate
patiner
a skate
a sledge
un patin
un traineaa
to slide
glisser
to gatlier
cueillir
to build (a nest)
construire
the liarvest
la
Spring is coming (vient).

merry the birds are
How
Tliey sing from
morn
to night.
They are building nests.

Spring is very pleasant.
Summer is the warmest season.
We
gather (cueillous) flowers in summer.
In autumn
Winter
is the harvest.
very cold.
The little birds are cold in winter.
But we are warm ; we slide on the ice.
There is my brother ; he has his skates.
Let us go to skate.
Good-bye, Mother,
Do not be sad.
We will soon return (reviendrons.)
is
printemps
primum
ter
et6
aestas
autonme
aucturanu3
hiver
noel
hibernum
paques
Jean
pascha
Johannes
cueillir
colligere
natalis
moisson
102
30.
The weather
tJie
snoio
the ice
tlie
rain
the dust
the wind
the mud
it is fine
il
fait
la glace
it is
il
fait
la pluie
had weather
the sun shines
il
fait
la poussik-e
it
il
vent
le
r le
the road
il
it is
il
fait froid
it is
il
fait
il
fait
it
chemin
il
freezes
cold
hot
windy
is foggy
la voie
it is
the street
la rue
it
a cloud
a fog
un nuage
un brouillard
I am hot
I am cold
beau
mauvais temps
du soleil
pleut
neige
gele
rains
it snoivs
la boue
crott6
muddy
Le temps
la neige
chaud
du vent
il fait du brouillard
j'ai chaud
j'ai froid
Let us go out.
Is
it
cold ?
No, the sun shines.

Have you an umbrella
Yes, it rains.
It is snowing.
The
ice is
thich
We
shall shate to-morrow,

LooJc at these thick clouds.
I do
not like dust.
The roads are muddy.

Oh! how tiresome it is I Oli que c'est ennuyeux
It is foggy, and I cannot go out (je ne puis sortir).
In (a) London it is often foggy.
!
temps
tempus
fait
neige
glace
nix
il
glacies
il
pluie
pluvia
pulvis
via
gele
froid
pluit
gelat
frigidus
chaud
calidus
poussiere
voie
pleut
facit
31.
The months
(&c
un an
a year
last year
next week
une annee
un mois
une semaine
a month
a week
a day
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Les mois &c.
January
February
1'
annee demi^re
prochaine
la semaine
Janvier (m)
F^vrier (28)
un jour
dimanche (m)
March
Mars
April
Avril (30)
lundi
May
Mai
mardi
June
mercredi
July
Juin (30)
Juillet
jeudi
August
September
Aout
Septembre
October
Octobre
November
December
Novembre
Decembre
vendredi
the first
samedi
le premier
has gone
est pass6, e
(30)
(30)
Seven days make a week.
The year is divided (se divise en) into twelve months.

The first day of the week is Sunday.
The first month of the year is Janiiai-y.
Some months have thirty days.
Some months have thirty-one days.
February has twenty-eight days.
Another year has gone.
I am
ten years old.
last year.
My
nine next
sister will be
mois
annê
an
/semaine
mensis
Lundi
Mardi
"i
Mercredi
Jeudi
Vendredi
\ Samedi
The
old
primus
F6vrier
Januarius
Februarius
septimana
dies dominica
Mars
Mars
Avril
Aprilis
Lunae
Mai
Mains
Juin
Junius
dies
Martis dies
Mercurii dies
Jovis dies
Veneris dies
Sabbati dies
Romans
used in later Latin.
iceek.
premier
Janvier
"j
Dimanche
4,
J'ai dix ans.
John was twelve
Juillet
Julius
Aout
Septembre
Augustus
Septembris
Octobre
Octobris
Novembre
D6cembre
Novembris
Decembris
did not reckon by weeks,
These expressions are those
FEENCH FOR BEGINNfiES.
104
32.
Division of time
Division du temps
the day
the night
le
an hour
midday
le
midnight
the watch
le
midi
minuit
a minute
a second
la
montre
la
pendule
tlie
tlie
jour
la nuit
timepiece
clock
I'horloge
the church
the mantelpiece
the clockface (dial)
the figures
the hands
le
indiquer
regaider
expliquer
point out
at
to explain
they say
there are
to
to look
(f)
l'6glise (f)
la
une heure
une minute
une seconde
cheminê
cadran
les chiffres
it is light
il
fait clair
dark
il
fait noir
it is
(m)
les aiguilles
on dit
ya
11
une heure
deux heures
one o'clock
two o'clock
(f
Twenty-four hours malce (font) a day.

Sixty minutes make an Jiour.
8ixty seconds malce a minute.
Have you a watch

There
is
a timepiece on the mantelpiece.
Look at the church clock.

Look at the dial.
Explain it to me, Expliquez-le-moi.
There are twelve figures on the dial.
There are two hands.
The smallest points out the hours.
The
largest points out the minutes.
What
o'clock is it ?
Quelle heure
est-il ?
Five o'clock.
Eight o'clock.
Ten
o'clock.
Eleven o'clock.
Twelve o'clock,
Midi or minuit.
It is light.
It is dark.
medius dies
media nox
midi
minuit
montrer
cheminê
monstrare
caminus
expliquer
explicare
faire
clair
dicere
clarus
heure
hora
font
faciunt
facere
dire
105
33.
For
a
a
a
a
a
girls
une 6pingle
une aiguille
un d^
pin
needle
thimble
silver thimble
un de
d'argent
bobbin
tape
une bobine
du ruban de
scissors
des ciseaux (m)

dufil
du coton
thread
cotton
de
de
silk
wool
a button
a workbox
to
Pour
fil
les demoiselles
une robe
un chapeau
un chapeau
un fichu
a pocket handkerchiej un mouchoir
a sash
une ceinture
a veil
un voile
un ruban
a ribbon
a dress
a bonnet
a liat
a neckerchief
un chale
a shaicl
la sole
lace
de la dentelle
la laine
an apron
a petticoat
a nightdress
un tablier
un jupon
un bouton
uneboite4ouvrage
une chemise de
coudre
sew
to knit
tricoter
cuffs
a collar
a brooch
a muff
a fan
a parasol
an umbrella
to
mend
raccommoder
to
darn
repriser
un cadeau
a present
thread a needle enfiler

lie has sent me
11 m'a envoye
coarse
gros, grosse
Christmas present 6trennes
to
My
aunt has sent me a
What
nuit
des manchettes
un
col
une broche
un manchon
un 6ventail
une ombrelle
un parapluie
^pretty present.
is it ?
workbox.
Here
Here
is
is
a silver thimble.
wool to dam my stockings.
There are coarse and fine needles.

buttons and tape too.
My aunt has forgotten nothing.
My sister is very naughty.
She has sent me a thimble as Christmas present.
I have
6pingle
spina
manchettes manica
argent
arêntum
col
coUum
fil
tilum
manchon
manica
chapeau
caput
ombrelle
umbra
voile
velum
106
ADDITIONAL VOCABULARY.
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
boucher
boulanger
berger
bijoutier
coiffeur
charretier
cordonnier
Spicier
f orgeron
fruitier
bote
laitier
libraire
menuisier
un chateau
une auberge
un moulin
un f oss6
un 6tang
un pare
une terre
une mine
une fonderie
un chemin de
une gare
une diligence
un fiacre
une voiture
une roue
une 6curie
la
a butcher
a baker
a shepherd
a jeweller
a hairdresser
a icaggoner
a shoemaker
a grocer
a blacksmith
a fruiterer
a landlord
a milkman
a bookseller
a joiner
mer
castle
an inn
fer
a mill
a ditch
a pond
a park
an estate
a mine
a foundry
a railway
a terminus
a stage-coach
a hackney coach
a carriage
a wheel
a stable
the sea
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
un cocher
un palefrenier
a mason
a miller
a doctor
a sailor
a tradesman
a fisherman
a painter
a chimney sweep
a cooper
a clerk
a merchant
a nurse
a coachman
a groom
un orage
un naufrage
a storm
a shipwreck
la plage
the beach
nia(?on
meunier
m^decin
matelot
marchand
pecheur
peintre
ramoneur
tonnelier
commis
negociant
une bonne
a lighthouse
un phare
a wlmrf
un quai
un bateau k vapeur a steamboat
la
douane
I'armee
un
soldat
une 6p6e
un fusil
un mousquet
une baionnette
de la poudre
la caserne
le
drapeau
the custom house

the army
a soldier
a sword
a gun
a musket
a bayonet
powder
the barracks
the colours
S N c
a
c s
=
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cue
cueilli
cm
je
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to
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asse;
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conduis
boivent
vais
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conduit
conduisc
conduise
buvona
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conduis
conduis(
buvez
bois bois boit
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110
EXTRACTS FOE READING,
TRANSLATION AND DICTATION.

I.
La
terre, iiotre
demeure.
Savez-vous quelle est la forme de la terre^ notre deLa terre est ronde comme une boule. La terre
?
elle a dix mille lieues de tour.
est tres grande
Si vous
pouviez marcher toujours devant vous sans vous arreter,
vous mettriez plus de dix ans a faire le tour de la terre.
La terre se divise en cinq parties lÊurope, I'Asie,
PAfrique, I'Amerique et TOceanie.
meure
11.
La mer.
Les
de la terre sont converts dûne vaste

etendue dY-au salee qu'on appelle mer ou Ocean. Comment
done faire pour aller d'uue partie de la terre a I'autre,
trois quarts
quand la mer est entre les deux ?

Pour traverser la mer, les hommes ont construit de
grands vaisseaux, des vaisseaux tout en bois et en fer,
dont les mats s'elevent plus liaut que le cloclier do I'eglise
du village. Aux mats sont attacliees des voiles blanches
qui ressemblent k de grandes ailes.
Le vent s'engouffre
dans les voiles, les pousse et fait avancer le vaisseau sur
la mer.
Que de courage
ainsi ur la vaste
il
a fallu aux
hommes pour
etendue de I'Ocean
se risquer
EXTRACTS FOR READING.
Ill
III.
Le
trayall
aux champs
Aux
fait la
et h I'atelier.
champs, le travailleur laboure

moisson c'est I'agriculture.
A I'atelier,
la terre,
seme
le ble,
le
forgeron faônne
le bois, le tisserand fait la toile
le fer, le
menuisier
taille
c'est I'industrie.
Le travailleur des champs et celui de I'atelier travaillent

pour leur famille et pour leur pays. Honneur au travailleur
lY.
L'habitation de la famille.
Les premiers hommes ne savaient pas construire des

maisons pour leurs families. Ou habitaient-ils done ? lis
habitaient dans des cavernes, oii ils rencontraient parfois

des betes feroces, dans des cabanes ou encore sous des
tentes, comme celles des patriarches Abraham et Jacob.
Maintenant nos maisons sont baties en pierres solides.
lElles ont des charpentes en bois et en fer.
Elles ont des
toits en tuiles ou en ardoises, sous lesquels nous dormons
tranquilles.
Combien nous sommes heureux de profiter du

coux qui nous ont precedes
travail
de
V.
Les fruits et
les boissons.
Vous connaissez tons les principaux fruits peche, poire,

pommc, cerise, abricot, prune, raisin, etc. Les fruits servent
:
a nous rafraichir et h faire nos boissons.

Savez-vous quel est le fruit le plus utile ? C'est le
La recolte du raisin
raisin, avec lequel on fait le vin.
s'appelle la vendange.
TEENCH FOE BEGINNERS.
112
Yous savez
poxnmes
aussi quelle boisson on prepare avec les
et les poires
c'est le cidre.
Dans les pays trop froids ou les fruits ne peuvent bien

murir, comment les hommes ont-ils fait ? lis ont fabrique
une autre boisson amere, la biere, avec de I'orge et du
houblon.
YI.
La
poule, les oeufs, les poussins.
pond les bons oeufs que nous manQuand on ne lui prend pas ses oeufs, elle les couve:
pendant vingt et un jours elle les ecbauffe sous ses ailes.
C'est la poule qui
geons.
de petits poussins se sont formes

ils brisent de leur bee la coquille,
sortent des oeufs, et les voila qui se cachent sous les plumes
Que de merveilles tout autour de nous dans
de leur m^re
cette douce chaleur,
dans
Yoyez
les oeufs.
la creation
YII.
Le cheyal ^chapp^.
Cêtait un dimancbe, et Paul ramenait sa petite soeur de
Teglise.
Au bout de la rue, on voit venir un cheval ecliappe,
apres lequel des liommes courent en poussant des oris. Paul
a grand peur mais il regarde sa petite soeur qui a encore

plus peur que lui et qui se met a pleurer.
''Ne crains rien,
dit Paul, je te protegerai/'
II la fait se ranger au coin
d'une porte, et, s'oubliant lui-meme, se place devant elle
pour la defendre. II regarde le cheval qui vient droit a
eux, et, pour le detourner, il lui presente son moucboir en
Pagitant.
Le cheval s'ecarte, surpris, et passe sans leur
faire de mal.
La petite fille pousse des oris de joie; son
frere Tembrasse
il est heureux.
Paul, tu es deja un petit
homme, car tu sais etre courageux pour defendre les tiens.
EXTRACTS FOE READING.
113
VIII.
Le
Le cheval
cheval.
est I'animal le plus utile a
rhomme.
II est
vous le voyez trainer de lourds fardeaux. II est

agile
vous le voyez emporter rapidement cavaliers ou
voitures.
II est courageux, et meme dans la bataille il ne
fuit pas.
II est si docile que, dans les pays ou on ne le
frappe point, il obeit comme uq chien a la voix de son
robuste
maitre.
Les Arabes
besoin de
le laissent paitre
lui, ils sifflent, et le
en liberte
quand
ils
ont
cheval accourt.
IX.
Utility des oiseaux.
Les oiseaux construisent leurs nids avec des brins de

mousse et avec les brins de laine que les brebis ont laisses
accroches aux buissons car, dans la nature, rien ne se perd.
Les oiseaux nourrissent leurs petits avec des vers et des
chenilles.
Sans les oiseaux, savez-vous tout le mal que
feraient ces vers et ces chenilles ?
Vers et chenilles devore;
raient nos recoltes.
Enfants, si vous aviez la cruaute de tuer un oiseau ou

de detruire un nid dans un champ, c'est comme si vous
voliez dans ce champ une mesure de ble.
X.
Les objets de
La
la toilette.
brosse dont vous vous serveX pour brosser vos habits
avec les crins du cheval.

L'eponge avec laquelle vous vous lavez, savez-vous d'oii
C'etait un animal qui vivait dans la mer,
elle vient ?
attache aux rochers ou aux coquillages.
Et vos peigues, d'ou viennent-ils ? lis sont faits avec
est faite
la
corne et les sabots des bocufs.
TRENCH rOR BEGINNERS.
114
XI.
L'abeille.
C'est pour faire du miel et de la cire que les abeilles

vout sucer les fleurs des le matin. Elles amassent leur miel
et leur cire dans les ruches. On mangerale miel des abeilles,
et avec la cire on fera des bougies et des cierges.
Ne vous approcbez pas trop des ruches, car les abeilles
ont un aiguillon qui fait des piqures douloureuses.
XII.
Le
boeuf.
Les boeufs sont tres forts. Les avez-voas vus dans les
champs trainer la charrue avec leurs cornes ? La chair du
La peau de boeuf et du veau
boeuf sert a notre nourriture.
fournit le meilleur cuir pour faire nos chaussures. Ija graisse
du boeuf, qu'on appelle suif, comme celle du mouton, sert a
faire les chandelles qui nous eclairent.
XIII.
La
vache.
lait charge de creme.

En
fermiere fabrique le beurre.
En faisant
fabrique le fromage.
La vache nous donne son bon

battant le
lait, la
cailler le lait, elle
XIV.
La
prairie et le foin.
Quand Pherbe de
la prairie sera grande, le faucheur

coupera avec sa faux. On laissera secher
Pherbe elle deviendra du foin. On mettra le foin en bottes,
on le ramassera dans les greniers et voila la provision qui
servira a nourrir les chevaux, les bceufs et les vaches.
viendra;
il
la
115
XV.
La
farine et le pein.
Quand les bles ont jauni au soleil d'ete efc quails soni
murs, on les coupe, et on bat leurs epis pour faire sortir le
Puis on va porter le grain au moulin. Les grosses
grain.
meules du moulin Pecrasent et en font de la farine. Av-eC
la farine petrie et cuite au four, on fait le pain et les bonnes
galettes.
Le pain est la nourriture de tous. Ne perdez
jamais un morceau de pain. II y a des hommes, il y a des
enfants de votre age qui n'ont pas toujours assez de pain
pour se nourrir.
XVI.
La
glace, les poles et les points cardinaux.
Vous savez que, lorsqu'il fait froid, Peau des ruisseaux et

des rivieres gele. Aux deux extremices de la terre appelees
mer elle-mctne so gele, et forme une immense

etendue de glace qui ne fond jamais.
Voulez-vous savoir ou sont les mers glacees ? Regardez
votre carte en haut vous voyez pole nord ; en bas, pole
droite se trouve Test, ou
sud ; c'est la que la mer g^le.
le soleil se leve le matin ; a gauche est Pouest, ou il se
couche le soir.
Le nord, le sud, Test et I'ouest sont les
poles, la
quatre points cardinaux.
XVII.
Les jours.
Quoique la terra nous paraisse immobile, elle tourne sur
elle-meme sans s'arreter jamais.
Elle tourne et nous tournons avec elle, ainsi que nos champs et nos maisons. La
moitie de la terre est eclairee par le soleil.
II y fait jour.
Mais Fautre moitie est dans Tombre. 11 y fait nuit. Quand la
116
en tournant, presente au soleil le pays ou nous sompour nous c'est la nuit pour les hommes
Mais la terre continue
places sur I'autre moitie de la terre.
de tourner ; et, peu a peu, la nuit revient pour nous, le jour
pour les autres hommes.
Le jour et la nuit durent ensemble vingt-quatre heures
c'est le temps que met la terre pour faire son tour sur elleterre,
mes,
c'est le jour
meme.
XVIII.
L'annee.
En meme temps que la terre tourne sur elle-meme, elle

parcourt un grand cercle autour du soleil; mais, pour
accomplir ce grand tour, elle met toute une annee. II y a
Si vous a,vez
trois cent soixante-cinq jours dans Tannee.
neuf ans aujourd'hui, il faudra que la terre tourne une fois
autour du soleil, et trois cent soixante-cinq fois sur ellememe, pour que vous ayez dix ans.
XIX.
Le papillon
et le ver h soie.
Les papillons pendent des
ceufs, d'oii sortent des vers et

Toeuf dûn papillon sort un petit ver bien
Ce petit ver file la soie, comme
c'est le ver a soie.
utile
Taraignee file sa toile. II file la soie avec laquelle on fait
des robes, des rubans, des cravates. Et savez-vous pourquoi
C'est pour se faire un nid
le petit ver file ainsi la soie ?
bien doux, un nid de soie appele cocon, dans lequel il se
cache et s'endort. Devinez a present comment il s'eveille
II
apres un sommeil de vingt jours ? Chose merveilleuse
des chenilles.
De
fi'eveille
change en papillon.
XX.
Les moutons et
Les moutons, au
lieu
de
poil,
la laine.
ont de la laine sur
le dos.
117
Chaque annee le tondeur coupe cette laine avec de grands

ciseaux.
Avec le fil de la laine on fait nos vetements les
plus chauds, le drap des habits et des pantalons, I'etoffe des
robes.
XXI.
Extrait de
Adam
les
Schmitt avait
campagnes de
Madame
Th^r^se.
guerre de sept ans et toutes

de Pomeranie. Maintenant il
mort de sa soeur, il vivait seul
fait la
Silesie et
etait tout vieux, et depuis la
la derniere maison du village, une petite maison

couverte de chaume. Elle avait un petit jardin entoure de
haies, que le pere Schmitt cultivait avec soin.
L'oncle Jacob aimait ce vieux soldat; quelquefois, en le
voyant passer, il frappait a la vitre et lui criait " Adam,
''
entrez done
Nous fimes done halte devant sa maison, et Frantz Sepel,
se penchant sur la haie, nous dit:
Regardez ce traineau. Je parie que le pere Schmitt
nous le pretera, pourvu que Fritzel entre hardiment, qu'il
mette la main a cote de Foreille du vieux, et qu'il dise
'' Oui,
" Pere Adam, pretez-nous votre schlitte "
je parie
qu'il nous le pretera, j'en suis sur; seulement il faut du
dans
courage/'
devena tout rouge; d'un ceil je regardais le

de Pautre la petite fenetre.
Tons les
camarades, au coin de la maison, me poussaient par Pepaule
en disant
" Entre, il te le pretera ''
" Je n'ose pas," leur disais-je tout bas.
" Tu n'as pas de courage,'' repondait Hans; " a ta place,
moi, j'entrerais tout de suite."
" Laissez-moi seulement regarder un peu s'il est de
bonne humeur."
Alors je me penchai vers la petite fenetre, et je vis
le pere Schmitt assis sur un escabeau devant la pierre
II nous tournait le dos ; on ne voyait que
de Ftoe.
J'etais
traineau,
et
IIB
rEENCH FOR BEGINNERS.
longue ecliine, ses epaules voutees, sou bonnet de coton

bleu, ses larges oreilles rouges, et ses gros sabots appuyes
sur la pierre de I'atre. II fumait sa pipe de terre. Voila
tout ce que je vis.
Cela ne m'inspirait pas beaucoup de confiance, et je
voulais me sauver, lorsque tous les autres me pousserent
dans bailee en disant tout bas
" Fritzel Fritzel il te le pretera, bien sur '^
la
'^Non!^'
''
Si
''
" Je ne veux pas.''

Mais Hans avait ouvert la porte, et j'etais deja dans
chambre avec Scipio, les autres, derriere moi, regardant
la
et
pretant Toreille.
Oh comme j'aurais voulu m'ecliapper Mallieureusement

Frantz, du dehors, retenait la porte a demi fermee ; il n'j
avait de place que pour sa tete et celle de Hans, debout sur
la pointe des pieds derriere lui.
Le vieux Schmitt s'etait retourne. '^Tiens, c'est
'^
Fritzel '' dit-il en se levant. " Qu'est-ce qui se passe done ?
II ouvrit la porte, et toute la bande s'enfuit.
Je restai
seul.
Le vieux soldat me regard ait tout etonne.
" Qu'est-ce que vous voulez done, Fritzel?^' dit-il en
tenant une braise sur I'atre pour rallumer sa pipe eteinte.
Puis, voyant Scipio, il le contempla gravement, en tirant
de grosses bouffees de tabac.
Moi, j'avais repris un peu d'assurance.
"Pere Schmitt,^' lui dis-je, "les autres veulent que je
vous demande votre traineau, pour descendre de I'Alten!
berg.^'
Le vieux soldat clignait de Toeil et souriait. Au lieu de

repondre, il se gratta Foreille en relevant son bonnet, et me
demanda
" C'est a
:
vous, ce chien, Fritzel
" Oui, pere Adam, c'est le chien de la femme que nous

avons chez nous.^"*
'Âh, bon! 9a doit etre un chien de soldat; il doit
connaitre Texercice.''
119
Scipio nous regardait, le nez en Pair, et le pere Sclimitt,

retirant la pipe de ses levres, dit
"C'est un cliien de regiment; il ressemble au vieux

Michel, que nous avions en Silesie/'
'^
Alors, elevant la pipe il s'ecria
Portez armes " d'un
voix si forte, que toute la baraque en retentit.
Mais quelle ne fut pas ma surprise, de voir Scipio
s'asseoir sur son derriere, les pattes de devant pendantes,
!
et se tenir
''
Ha
comme un
ha
ha
veritable soldat
s'ecria le vieux Schmitt, je le savais
bien/'
Tous les camarades etaient revenus ; les uns regardaient

par la porte entr'ouverte, les autres par la fenetre. Scipio
ne bougeait pas, et le pere Schmitt, aussi joyeux quîl avait
paru grave auparavant, lui dit
" Attention au coramandement de marche V'
Puis, imitant le bruit du tambour, et marchant en arriere
sur ses gros sabots, il se mit k crier
'Ârche ! Pan .... pan .... rantanplan .... Une ....
deusse .... Une .... deusse /"
Et Scipio marchait avec une mine grave etonnante, ses
longues oreilles sur les epaules et la queue en trompette.
Cêtait merveilleux ; mon occur sautait.
Tous les autres, dehors, paraissaient confondus d'admiration.
" Halte \" s'ecria Schmitt, et Scipio s'arreta. Alors je

ne pensais plus k la schlitte; j'etais tellement fier des talents
de Scipio, que j'aurais voulu courir a la maison et crier a
Poncle *' Nous avons un chien qui fait Texercice !'*
Mais Hans, Frantz, et tous les autres, encourages par la
bonne humeur du vieux soldat, etaient entres, et se tenaient
en extase, le dos a la porte et le bonnet sous le bras.
:
"En
place,
repos!^'
dit
le
pere
Schmitt, et Scipio
retomba sur ses quatre pattes, en secouant la tete et se

grattant la nuque avec une patte de derriere, comme pour
dire: *'Dcpuis deux minutes une pucerae demange; maison
n'ose pas se gratter sous les armes '*
!
120
PEENCH FOE BEGINNEES.
Le pere Schmitt regardait Scipio d'un air attendri ; on

<*<
voyait qu'il lui rappelait le bon temps de son regiment.
'^
Oui/^ fit-il au bout de quelques instants, ^'c'est un vrai
chien de soldat. Mais reste a savoir s'il connait la politique,
car beaucoup de cbiens ne savant pas la politique/^
En memo temps il prit un baton derriere la porte et le
mit en travers, en criant
''Attention au mot d'ordre !"
Scipio se tenait deja pret.
>
*'
Saute pour
la
Republique
!^^
cria le vieux soldat.
Et Scipio sauta par-dessus le baton, comme un

" Saute pour le general Hoche ^^
cerf.
Scipio sauta.
" Saute pour le roi de Prusse

Mais alors Scipio s'assit sur la queue d'un
!
air tres-ferme,
et le vieux bonbomme se mit a sourire tout bas, en disant
''
Aliens
Oui, il connait la politique .... he
he he
.... arrive '^
II lui passa la main sur la tete, et Scipio parut trescontent.
"Fritzel/' me dit alors le pere Schmitt, vous avez un
chien qui vaut son pesant d'or ; c'est un vrai chien de
!
soldat.''
Et, nous regardant tous,
ajouta
il
Puisque vous avez un si bon chien, je vais vous preter

ma schlitte ; mais vous me la ramenerez a cinq heures, et
prenez garde de vous casser le cou."
II sortit avec nous et decrocha son traineau du hangar.
''
Eeckmann- Chateian.
Notes to XXI.
Faire la guerre take part in

entourer to surround
fimes halte made halt, halted se pencher to lean parier
EXTBACTS FOR READING.
121
had
seated: escabeau
Tatre the hearth: Techine
back
appuye resting
sauver run
voute round
away Tallee entrance Je ne veux pas I wonH du
dehors from the outside
was holding (back)
deboutupright, standing
retourner
turn round
halloo qu'est-ce qui passe what passing,
what
up
braiseburning ember
eteinte extinguished bouffee a puff
regained
veulent they wish cligner de
wink
smiled 9a=cela baraquecottage
resound
derriere haunches: pendanthanging:
etaient revenu
they had returned entr'ouverthalf-open bouger
budge paru appeared auparavant formerly en arriere
backwards mine
en trompette turned up
paraissaient appeared tellement
secouer
shake
nuquenape, neck une puce a
demanger
attendri
him
tenderness
rappelaitrecalled
said he
know,
a savoir remains
be
seen decrocher unhook, take down hangar shed.
to bet
become
pourvu que provided that

je
de suite at once
tout
j'etais
vis
devenu
saw
assis
spine,
stool:
retenait
to
se
is
i.e.
se
tiens
se
s'enfuit
fled
repris
Pocil
is
ils
souriait
retentir
to
ils
air-look
so
la
fit-il
full of
:
bite
to
lui
reste
to
i.e.
XXII.
Choeur des Chasseurs.
Le
La
La
cor resonne
chasse part
chasse part
Le
Le
bruit des voix

bruit des voix
Le piqueur sonne,
Pour le depart.
Pour le depart.
Le
Au
Au
cerf s'arrete
fond des bois,
L'echo repute
Tayaut, tayaut,
Tayaut, tayaut, tayaut
ils
to
flea
^to
fond des bois.
to
PEENCH FOR BEGINNERS.
122
XXIII.
La Ronde enfantiue.
AUons,
ronde
Allons
allons^
grande
la
Sur
fuseaux
les
garôns
fillettes et
Tout tourne, tourne dans
le
monde
Tournons, tournons^ tournons, tournons
ciel
tourne sur notre
tete,
Les
astres
tournent
par
millions,
La
Comme
s'em-
les
terre
aussi
rien
ne
de
Sans
bruit,
comme
les
alcyons,
En glissant
comme le nuage,
Tournons, tournons, tournons, tournons
Comme
au bois
la feuille
ravie
Et qu'emportent
Comme un
tourne a sa que-
reve,
comme
ses talons.
XXIV.
Chanson de
la caille.
Le faucheur eudormi
Des lâurore naissante,

Dans ses accents joyeux.
Allons, vite au travail
La
Au
caille vigilante
Sêleve vers les cieux.
Ecoutez, elle dit

Sors du lit, sors du
La
caille
lit
prevoyante
travail,
Quand
au travail
la brise legere
Se
fait sentir le soir.
La
caille
messagere
Semble
dire bonsoir
chantant elle dit
Appelle vers midi,
En
Dans
Bonne
la plaine brulante,
la
vie,
nouille.
Son rouet avec
les aqui-
lons,
vieille
oiseaux
passage,
sârrete
La
fil
Le
le
brouille...
nuit
bonne
nuit!
123
XXV.
La Bonde.
Monsieur Biron veut danser^
Ses souliers fait apporter.
Ses souliers tout ronds ;
Eh bien, dansez, Biron
!
M. Biron veut
Sa perruque
Sa perruque
danser,
apporter.
fait
Jusqu'a la nuque,
Ses souliers tout ronds ;
M. Biron veut danser,

Son habit fait apporter.
Son habit
Vert et gris,
Sa perruque
Jusqu'a la nuque,
Ses souliers tout ronds.
Eh
bien, dansez, Biron
M. Biron veut danser.

Son gilet fait apporter.
Son gilet
Blanc
Son
gilet
Blanc
et net.
Son habit
Vert et gris,
Sa perruque
Jusquâ la nuque,
Ses souliers tout ronds
bien, dansez, Biron
Eh
M. Biron veut
danser.
Blanc
et net,
Son habit
Vert et gris,
Sa perruque
Son habit
Vert et gris,
Sa perruque
M. Biron veut
Jusqu'a la nuque,
Ses souliers tout ronds,
Ses manchettes
Fort bien faites,
ter.
Son
violon
Sa culotte fait apporter.

Sa culotte
A la mode,
Son epee
Affilee,
Son chapeau
Large et haut.
danser,
fait appor-
Ses manchettes
Qui a bon son.
M. Biron veut danser
Son chapeau fait apporter

Son chapeau
Large et haut,
Sa culotte
A la mode.
Son gilet
Jusqu'a la nuque,
Dansez, monsieur Biron
et net.
124
Sa
Vert et gris,
Sa perruque
Jusqu'a la nuqne,
Dansez, monsieur Biron
culotte,
A la mode.
Son
gilet
Blanc et net,
Son
liabit
XXYI.
Le Corbeau
Renard.
et le
Maitre Corbeau, sur un arbre perche,

Tena.it en son bee un fromage.
Maitre renard, par I'odeur alleche,
Lui tint a peu pres ce langage
He bonjour, monsieur du Corbeau.
Que vous etes joli que vous me semblez beau.
Sans mentir, si votre ramage.
Se rapporte a votre plumage,
Vous etes le pbenix des botes de ces bois.
:
ces mots le corbeau ne se sent pas de joie

Et, pour montrer sa belle voix,
II ouvre un large bee, laisse tomber sa proie.
Le renard sên saisit, et dit Mon bon monsieur,
Apprenez que tout flatteur
Vit aux depens de celui qui lY^coute
Cette le9on vaut bien un fromage, sans doute.
Le corbeau, bonteux et confus,
Jura, mais un peu tard, quôn ne Vj prendrait plus.
:
La Fontaine
(1621-1695).
XXVII.
Le Rat de
ville et le
Autrefois le rat de ville

Invita le rat des champs,
D'une fagon fort civile,
des reliefs d^ ortolans.
Rat des champs.

Sur un tapis de Turquie
se trouva mis
Je laisse a penser la vie
Que firent ces deux amis.
Le convert
Le
125
Et le citadin de dire
Achevons tout notre rot.
regal f ut fort honnete

Rien ne manquait au festin
Mais quelqu'un troubla la
C'est assez, dit le rustique
fete
Pendant
Demain vous viendrez chez
en
qu'ils etaient
moi.
n'est pas que je me pique
De tons vos festins de roi
train.
Ce
A la porte de la
lis
salle
entendirent du bruit
Mais rien ne vient m'interrompre

Je mange tout a loisir.
Adieu done. Fi du plaisir
Que la crainte peut corrompre
Le rat de ville detale

Son camarade Ic suit.
Le bruit cesse, on se retire
Rats en campagne aussitot
La Fontaine
(1621-1695).
Notes to XXII.
resonne rechasseur ^huntsman

chorus
Choeur
piqueur whipper-in: au fond in the depth
sounds
tayaut tally ho
Notes to XXIII.
tourner
roundelay, round
old woman quenouille
rouet wheel: talon heel: fuseau spindle:

alcyon halcyon:
s'embrouille entangles
nuage cloud
qu'emportent
ravie snatched
gliding
Ronde
to turn
fillettes
astre
star
little girls
vieille
distaff:
itself
les aquilons
dream
vie
which
glissant
the north winds carry away
reve
life.
Notes to XXIV.
Caille
dawn
quail
of
des I'aurore naissante with the first

joyeux -joyful:
accents
icccnts
PRENCH FOR DEQINKEHS.
126
wakeful s'eleve soars ecoutez

sors
get up: prevoyante prudent: plaine plain:
brulante glowing endormiasleep allons come brise
breeze legere light se sentirmakes
messagere messenger semble seems.
vigilante
du
listen
lit
fait
itself felt
jusqu'a as far as^ down to culottB

in the fashion
son sound_, tone
'
XXY.
Notes to
wig
Perruque
breeches
affile
mode
a la
sharp.
Notes to XXVI.
Maitre master (used as a title)

perche ^perched alleche
attracted
lui tint
held
addressed tosembler seem^ look
a peu pres nearly
him
sansramage singing i sementir without lying, i.e. truly
phenix phoenix (a rare,,
rapporte a corresponds with
wondrous bird) hote inhabitant, denizen il sent feels r
ne se sent pas de joie is beside himself with joy : proie
prey se saisir take possession flatteur flatterer : depens
doute doubt
expense
vaut is worth
honteux
ashamed confus confused jurer swear
qu'on ne Vy
prendrait plus that one would not catch him that way
tenait
:
(y)
again.
Notes to XXVII.
fa9onmanner
Autrefois once upon a time
scraps, leavings ortolanortolan
carpet
trouva mis the cloth was
convert
regal
honnete
manquer
be wanting
banquet
troubler
disturb:
feast: entrain busy:
detaler
scamper away
follows
de
hastened
us
de
say achevons
meal rustique
rat des champs me pique de
banquet: a
leisure:
pique myself on:
de out upon corrompre
:
liberal
to
rot
to
rustic
festin
citadin,
i.e.
loisir
spoil.
rat
finish
let
:
festins
fi
feast
suit
to
dire,
relief*
tapis
fete
to
ville
laid
se
le
(a bird)
at
127*
KETRANSLATION EXEECISES.
I.
men
To cross the sea

of wood and iron, whose masts rise higher than the
steeple of the village church.
2. To the masts are fastened white sails which look
The wind rushes into the sails and
like great wings.
1.
liave "built great vessels, vessels
all
makes them move over the
sea.
II.
1. The first men knew not (how) to construct houses
Where did they live then ? They lived
for their families.
in caves where they sometimes met fierce beasts, in huts or
again under tents, like those of the patriarchs, Abraham
and Jacob.
2.
Now
our houses are built of solid stone(s).
have beams of wood and iron. They have roofs of

slates, under which we sleep in peace.
How happy we
have gone before
are to profit
by the work
They
tiles
of those
or
who
us.
III.
1. Birds build their nests with bits of
little bits of wool which the sheep have left
moss and with

hanging in the
;
for in nature nothing is lost.
Birds feed their young with worms and caterpillars.
Without the birds, do you know all the harm which the
bashes
2.
caterpillars would do
would devour the crops.
worms and
Worms and
caterpillars
lY.
has grown yellow in the summer
sun, and when it is ripo, it is cut, and the ears are threshed
Then they go and carry the grain to
to expel the grain.
the mill. The great millstones crush it and make flour.
1.
"Wlien the corn
(pi.)
128
With, flour kneaded and baked in the oven they

Bread is the food of everynice cakes.
body. Never waste a morsel of bread. There are men^
there are children of your age who do not always have
enough bread to feed them.
2.
make bread and
y.
have wool upon their backs (sing.)
Each year the shearer cuts the wool with great shears.
With the thread of the wool are made our warmest clothes,
Sheep instead
clofch
for coats
of hair
and
trousers, stuff for dresses.
VI.
Schmitt had taken part in the seven years'
war and in all the Silesian and Pomeranian campaigns.
Now he was quite old, and since the death of his sister, he
had lived alone in the last house of the village, a little
house covered with thatch. It had a little garden surrounded
with hedges, which Father Schmitt cultivated with care.
Uncle Jacob loved this old soldier ; sometimes seeing him
^Âdam,
pass, he knocked at the window and called to him
1.
Adam
come
in
''
2. Then I leant towards the little window, and I saw Father

Schmitt seated on a stool before the hearth-stone. He had
his back turned to us ; you only saw his long back, his round
shoulders, his blue cotton cap, his great red ears, and his
big sabots resting on the hearth-stone. He was smoking
That is all I saw.
his clay pipe.
3. Scipio looked at us, his nose in the air, and Father
Schmitt, taking his pipe from his lips, said
" He is a regimental dog ; he is like old Michel, whom
:
we had
in Silesia.^'
raising his pipe, he cried, " Shoulder arms " in a
voice so loud, that the whole cottage resounded with it.
But what was my surprise, to see Scipio seat himself
upon his haunches, his fore-paws hanging down, and holding
Then
himself like a true soldier.
APPENDIX,
TABLES OF VERBS,
&c.
130
APPENDIX.
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131
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APPENDIX.
132
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133
APPENDIX.
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134
APPENDIX.
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135
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136
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137
APPENDIX.
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appen:DIX
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139
APPENDIX.
Ordinal Numeral Adjectives.

Ordinal
numeral
cardinal numbers
troisidme, third,
ten.
formed from
Except premier^
:
adjectives
first,
Premier -ire (/.) first

Deuxidme or second, -e
formed
by adding Ume
to
the
(/.)
troiSy
three
dixUme, tenth, from dix,
and second^ second.
second
Troisi^me, third
Quatri^me, fourth
Cinqui^me,
are
as,
fifth
Sixi^me, sixth
Septidmey seventh
ffuiti^me, eighth
Neuvidmey ninth
Dixi&mey tenth
Onzi&mey eleventh
Douzitmey twelfth
Treizidiney thirteenth
Quatorzidme, fourteenth
Quinziime, fifteenth
Seizidme. sixteenth
Dix-septi&me <fec., seventeenth

VingMmey twentieth
Vingt-et-uni^me tfec, twenty-first
Trentitmey thirtieth
Quaranti^mey fortieth
Cinquanti^mey fiftieth
Centidme, hundredth
Cent-unidme, hundred and first
Deux-cent t rente troisidiney two
hundred and thirty-third

Millidme, thousandth
Mille deux cent-quatri^niy
one
thousand two hundred and
fourth
Millioni&)ny millionth
Unidme can only be used after vingty

and mille.
trentey qiiarantCy cinquanfe,
soixantey quatre-vingty cent
N.B. The cardinal numbers are used for the days of the month, and
the order of kings ; as,
Le trois Juin, the third June
Louis quinze, Louis Fifteenth
Except ^rs<, which is premier ; as, Charles premier, Charles First.
VOCABULAEY,
FBENCH-ENGLISH.
VOCABULAEY.
FRENCH-ENGLISH.
k, to
aimer, to love^ to like
or at
abattre, to fell
ainsi, thus
abeille
ainsi que, as well as
bee
(f),
abricot (m), apricot
ajouter, to
accomplir, to accomplish
aller, to
run
accourir, to
accourt, runs
itp
up
accrochd, attached
hang up
buy
add
go
aliens, let us go,
come
allumer, to light
alors, then
accrocher, to
alouette
acheter, to
ame
(f),
lark
(f),
sold
acide, sour
amer,
actif, active, active
adieu, good bye
Am^rique (f), America

ami {tol), friend
k droite,
amiral (m), admiral
Afrique
to the right
(f),
k gauche,
Africa
to the left
Age (m), age
^re, bitter
amusant, amusing
an (m), year
tne (m), ass
England
agile, agile
Angleterre
agir, to act
animal (m), animal
agiter, to
agneau
wave
lamb
(m),
agrdable, agreeable
agriculture
(f),
agricidturc
(f),
anneau <m), ring

annee (f), year
annuel, annual
aoftt (m),
August
Ah! Ah!
apercevoir, to perceive
aider, to help
appeler, to
aigle (m), eagle
applaudir, to applaud
aiguille
(f),
needle
aiguillon (m), sting

aile
(f),
wing
aiiuable, amiable
mil
apporter, to bring
approcher, to go near, to approach

aprJjs, after
k prdsent, at present,
now
VOCABULARY.
142
Arabe, Arab
attacher, to fasten, to fix
araignde
attendre, to wait, expect
spider
(f),
arbre (m), tree
attraper, to catch
bow
arc (m),
aujourd'lmi, to-day
arc-en-ciel (m), rainbov)
ardoise
automne
slate
(f),
argent (m),
silver,
aussi, also
money
autumn
(m),
autour, round, around
arreter, to stop
autre, other
arroser, to water
avancer, to advance
arrosoir (m), ivatering-can
Asie
Asia
(f),
s'asseoir, to sit
down
enough
assez,
assiette
avec, ivith
aveugle, blind
plate
(f ),
avant, before
avare, covetous
avoine
oats
(f),
atelier (m), luorkshop
avoir, to have
k travers, across
avril (m), Ap)ril
baigner, to bathe
battre, to beat, to thrash
bain (m), bath
beau, bel, belle, beautiful
balle
beaucoup, much
banc
bcdl
(f),
ballon
{ra),
football
{m),foiif)i
bee (m), beak
bSche
(f),
spade
banc de sable (m), sandbank
blcher, to dig
bas, low ; en bas, at the bottom
besoin (m), need; avoir besoin, to
bas (m), stocking

basse-cour
(f),
poultry-yard
need
bete
(f),
beast
bat, thrashes
betterave
bataille
beurre (m), butter
(f),
battle
(f),
bateau (m), boat
bidet (m),
bateau k vapeur (m), steamboat
bien,
b&tir, to build
bifere (f), beer
bMon
bille
batte
(m), stick
(f),
bat
loell,
(f),
beetroot
pony
very
a marble
biscuit (m), biscuit
FRENCH-ENGLISH.
143
blanc, blanche, tohite
bouquet (m), nosegay
h\6 (m), corn
boule
Wen, blue
boussole
blond, /atr
bout (m), end
bobine
(f),
bcenf (m), ox
bras (m),
boire, to drink
bravo
wood
brebis
bois (m),
boisson
bolte
boite
sheep,
(f),
ewe
shine
brin (m), blade, bit
ouvrage
(f),
work-box
briser, to
bon, good
brosse
(f),
"bon
brosse
5,
^rooc? /
arm
bravo
briller, to
box
(f),
5!i
drink
(f),
compass
bouton (m), button
bobbin
(f),
ball
(f),
break
brush
dents
(f),
tooth-brush
bonjour good morning !
brosser, to brush
bonnet (m), cap
brouillard {m),fog
botte
bundle
truss^
(f),
bruit (m), noise
burn
"bottine
(f),
boot
brftler, to
bonche
(f),
mouth
brun, brown
"boue
mud
(f),
"bougie
bftclieron (m),
bouilli (m), boiled
cabane
(f),
meat
se cacher, to hide
(m.), oice
(f),
country
canal (m), canal
canapd (m), sofa
ojicself
cache-nez (m), muffler
cadeau
bureau
carapagne
hut
cacher, to hide
woodcutter
buisson (m), bush
cayulle
(f),
(m), present
cadran (m), dial
canard (m), duck

canif (m), penknife
capitaine (m), captain
cafd (m), coffee
caqueter, to cackle
cafeti^re
car, for
cage
(f),
cahier
(f),
coffee-pot
cage
(ni),
-cailler, to
copy-book
curdle
cardinal, cardinal
carotte
carte
(f),
(f),
carrot
wia^
144
VOCABULARY.
casser, to break
chaumifere
causer, to talk
chaussure
horseman
cavalier (m),
caverne
cavern^ den
(f),
sash
(f),
boots, stockings
road
(m),
cheminee
chemise
ce, cet, cette, this
ceinture
chemin
cottage
(f),
(f),
(f),
Tuantelpiece
shirt
(f),
chne (m), oak
cehii, celle, Ae, she^ that
chenille
cerceau (m), hoop
cher, dear
cercle (m), circle
chercher, to seek
(f),
caterpillar
cerf (m), stag
cheval (m), horse
cerf- volant (m), kite
cheval de bois (m), cheval k bas-
cerise
cherry
(f),
(m^ rocking-horse
cule
cerisier (ni), cherry-tree
cheveu (m\ hair
c'est, it is
ch^vre
ceux, those
chez, withy at the house of
chair
chMe
(f),
chair
chiffre (m), figure
shawl
choix (m), choice
(m),
chaleur
chien (m), dog
flesh
(f),
chaise
(f),
chamhre
chambre k
chose
heat
(f),
room
coiicher
changer en,
chanson
to
(f),
(f),
thing
(f),
chou (m), cabbage

(f),
bedroom
chameau (m), camel

champ (m), field
chandelle
goat, she-goat
(f),
cidre (m), cider

ciel (m),
sky
cierge (m), ivax-taper
change into
candle
cieux (m), heavens

cire
song
(f),
loax
ciseaux (m), scissors
chanter, to sing
clair, light
chapeau (m), hat
classe
chaque, each
clef
class, school
(f),
(f),
key
charbon (m), coal
cloche
charger, to load
clocher (m), steeple
charpente
cliarme
chat
(f),
(f),
(le),
beam^ timber-work
(la),
(f),
cocon (m), cocoon
cat
cognde
(f),
axe
coin (m), corner
chaud, hot
chaume
bell
cocur (m), heart
ploiigh
chatte
(f),
thatch
col (m), collar
FRENCH-ENGLISH.
colombe
dove
(f),
couper, to cut
how vmch, how
combien, hoio^
145
courage (m), courage
many
courageux, courageoits
comme, likCy as
comment, how
run
courir, to
couteau (m), knife
compter, to count
coftter, to cost
concevoir, to conceive
couver, to hatch
confiture
convert, covered
preserves
(f),
connaitre, to
know
craindre, to fear
continuer, to continue
craie
construire, to build
cravate
construit
(il),
chalk
(f),
cravat
(f),
crayon (m), pencil
builds
construisent, build
creation
coquillage (m), shells
cr^me
coquille
cri (m), cry
(f),
shell
(f),
creation
cream
(f ),
cor (m), horn
cricket (m^, cricket
corbeau (m), crow
crin
(m\ hair
corde
(f ),
rope
croire, to believe
come
(f),
horn
croix
(f),
cross
muddy
corps (m), body
crott^,
cote (m), side
cruaut^
coton (m), cotton
cruel, cruelle, cruel
cou (m), neck

coucher, to set
to
se coucher, to go
bed
(f),
cruelty
cueillir, to
gather
cuiller
spoon
(t*),
cuir (m), leather

cuire, to cook^ bake
coucou (m), cuckoo

coudre, to sew
cuisine
couleur
cultiver, to cultiuaiCy to till
(f ),
colour
(f),
kitchen
D
dame
(f),
dames,
lady
les
(f),
draughts
de, of
d6 (m), thimble
dans, iuy into
d<j
danser, to dance
d^cembre
d'argent, silver thimble

(m),
December
10
146
VOCABULARY.
tlecevoir, to deceive
dimanche, Sunday
defend
dindon (m), turkey
defenclre, to
(lejh,,
already
diner (m), dinner
say
dejeuner (m), breakfast
dire, to
delicat, delicate
diriger, to
delieieux, delicious
dit
demain,
diviser, to divide
morroiu
to
demander,
demeure
to
ask
docile, docile, gentle
demi, half
demoiselle
domestique, domestic
(f),
dentelle
(f),
dent
tooth
(f),
young lady
donner,
derrifere,
to give
done, then
lace
dont, of which
dormir, to sleep
depuis, since
dfes,
guide
says
doigt (m), finger
dioelling
(f),
(il),
dos (m), back
behind
from, since
whence
d'oii,
away
doucement,
sioeetly,
d^truire, to destroy
douloureux,
painfd
devant, before
doux,
deviner, to guess
drap(m), cloth
deviendra, will become
droit, right, straight
detourner, to turn
gently
ce, sweet, gentle
hard
devoir, to oiue
dur,
devorer, to devour
durer, to last
E
eau
(f),
%oater
is'ecarter, to
turn aside
echapper, to escape
echaufFer, to
warm
êraser, to crush, to
grind
ecrire, to write
eglise
(f),
church
614phant (m), elephant
(m and
pupil
echecs, les (m), chess
^leve
eclairer, to give light
s'dlever, to rise, to get
ecole
(f),
school
ecouter, to listen to
elle,
f),
she
elle-rii6me, she herself
up
147
FEENCH-ENOLISH.
embrasser,
to
embrace
eiuporter, to carry
escalier (m), stair-case
away
estomac (m), stomach
en, o<, in, of

en, of
encre
ity
(f),
essuie
main
(m), towel
of them
essuyer, to dry
ink
est (m), east
encore, yet^
enfant (m,
still
f),
et,
6t6 (m), Slimmer
thread (a needle)
enfiler, to
and
^tang (m), po7id
child
expanse
entin, at last
<Jtendue
s'engouffrer, to ntsh into
6toffe
(f),
material^ stuff
s'endormir, to fall asleep
^toile
(f),
star
ensemble, together
dtonner, to astonish
entendre, to hear
6tre, to be
entre, between
(f),
dtrennes, Christmas present
entrer, to
come into
Europe
en vie
wish
eux, them
(f),
(f),
Europe
awake
envoyer, to send
s'^veiller, to
dpais, se, thick
dventail (m),/n
cp6e
s2vord
(f),
avoid
6viter, to
^pi (m), ear {of com)
excellent, excellent
dpingle
(f),
pin
expliquer, to explain
6\)onge
(f),
sponge
extrdmitd
fabriquer,
to
viakc,
to
facture
fficli^ ((5e),
(f),
faites,
vexed,
angry
faire le tour, to
necessary
family
make hay
{i),
faner, to
hunger
faire, to inake, to
famille
end
do
falloir, to be
faônner, to forge
faim
manu-
(f),
faneur (m), haymaker
do
go round
fardeau (m), burden

farine {i),Jlour
se faire, to be done
faut
(il),
fait-il, is it
faux
(f),
there is need
of
scythe
10 *
VOCABULARY.
148
faudra, will he necessary
femme
foin (m),
woman
(f),
fois
window
(f),
fond, melts
fer (m), iron
feraient,
font,
make, will do
fera, will
hay
time
fondre, to melt
fendre, to split
fentre
(f),
make
forgeron (m), blacksmith
would do
forme (f),form, shape
ferme {i),farm
former, to form
fermer, to shut
fort,
fermier {m), farmer
fou, fol, ioWe, foolish
fermifere
{t)
fouet (m), lohip
farm-mistress
strong
f eroce, fierce
four (m), ove7i
fertile, fertile
fourche
feu {m),fire
fourchette
(f),
fourmi
ant
feuille
leaf
(f),
fevrier (m),
fl^chir, to
(f ),
pitchfork
fork
fournir, to furnish
February
bend
^\fie! for shame
(f),
f raise (f),
France
strawberry
(f),
France
fichu (m), neckerchief
frapper, to strike
fidele, faithful
frfere
tier,-ke,
til
proud
fromage (m), cheese
(m), thread
tiler, to
front (m), brow, forehead
spin
tille (f), girl,
(m), brother
froid, cold
daughter
frotter, to
rub
tils
(m), son
fruit [to), fruit
tin,
fne
fuir, to flee
tinir,
finish
tieur
(i),
fumer,
to
smoke
flower
G
gagner, to ivin
gant (m), glove
gai, gay, cheerful
garôn (m), boy, waiter
galette
(f),
cake
galoper, to gallop
garder, to take care of
gateau (m), cake
149
FRENCH-ENGLISH.
gilter, to spoil
gauche, k^ on the
left
gaz (m), gas

gfele,
il-,
grain (m),
gram
graine
seed
(f),
graisse {i),fat
grand, large,
it freezes
tall,
geler, to freeze
grandir, to groio
general (m), general
grappe
genou (m), knee
gratter, to scratch
gilet (m), ivaistcoat
grenier (m),
glace
gris,
(f;,
ice
glac^, frozen
gorge
hay -loft
grey
grosellle
elastique
(f),
a bunch of grapes
(f),
gros, big
glisser, to slide
gomme
great
(f),
i?idia
rubber
guepe
throat
(f),
currant
groseille verte
(f),
(f),
gooseberry
wasp
godt (m), taste
guerir, to cherish
goftter, to taste
Guillaume, William
gouvernail (m), helm
N.B.
denotes that the h
aspirate
is
hour
habile, clever
heure
habiller, to dress
heureux, happy
habit (m), coat
hier, yesterday
habitation
(f),
diaelling
habiter, to inhabit
'haie
(f),
hedge
(f),
hirondelle
(f),
swallow
hiver (m), winter
man
homnie (m),
*hardi, bold
lionneur (m), honour
*haut, high
liopital (m), hospital
hdlas
herbe
alas !
(f),
grass
hdrisson (m), hedgehog

herse
(f),
'herser, to
harroio
harrow
hctre (m), beech
horloge
(f),
clock
hdtel (m), hotel
*houblon (m), hops
*houx (m), holly

huile
(f),
hultre
oil
(f),
oyster
tree
150
ici,
il,
VOCABULARY.
indigo (m), indigo

he makes;
il fait,
il
immobile, motionless
here
he
it is
a, there is, there
are
indiqûer, to point out
industrie
industry
(f),
immense, immense
insecte (m), insect
jamais, ever
jeune, young
jambe (f), leg

jambon (m), ham
Janvier (m), January
Jacques, James
joie(f),yo?/
joli,
pretty
joue
cheek
(f),
play
jouer, to
jardin (m), garden
jouir, to enjoy
jardinier (m), gardener
joujou (m), plaything
jaune, yellow
jour (m),
grow yellow
jaunir, to
day
juillet (m.),
July
juin (m), June
je,/
Jean, John
jupon (m), petticoat
game
jeu (m),
juste, just
jeudi (m), Thursday
la (art.
f),
la (pron.
lapin (m), rahhit
the
f),
her
laver, to ivash
laver, se
\\ there
labourer, to work, to
laine
(f),
wool
laisser, to allow, let

lait (m),
langue
milk
(f),
tongue
till
to
wash
ojieself
le (art. m), the

le (pron. m),
le9on
(f),
legume
lent,
him,
it
lesson
(m), vegetable
slow
151
FRENCH-ENGLISH.
laquelle,
lequel,
luhichy
toho,
lit
les
(m
loin,
the
&. f),
leur (pron. pers.), to theniy
them
long, ue, long
lorsque, luhcn
leur (pron. poss.), theirs

lever, se
au
(f),
liberte
louer, to praise
to rise
Up
Louise, Louisa
freedom
(f),
loup (m),
lieu de, instead of
lieue
6oo^
ifo^/"
lourd, lieavy
league
(f),
far
Londres, London
leur (adj.), their
Ibvre
(m), bed
livre (m),
who7)i
lueur
/jÂ^
(f ),
li^vre (m), hare
lui, to
lilas (m), lilac
lui-m6me, himself
linotte
(f),
Fun
linnet
lion (m), lion

lire, to
lis
or for him, her, or
I'autre,
the one, the other,
each other, one another
moon
read
lune
lUy
lundi (m), 3Ionday
(m),
(f),
M
m&cher,
to
chew
niai (m),
madam
May
main
hand
niadame
(f),
(f),
maintenant,
7iotu
(f),
house
niaitre (ni), master
nial (m),
nial
i\
harm
la t6te,
headache
mal aux dents, toothache

mal aux oreilles, earache
malheureux, nnhappy
nialsain, unwholesome
mammu
(f),
mancliette
(f),
cuff
manclion (m), muff
mangeons
manger,
(nous),
we
eat
to eat
marcher,
mais, but
maison
maman
to
walk
mardi (m), Tuesday

marguerite
(f),
daisy
Marguerite, Margaret
Marie,
Mary
marin (m), sailor
mars
(m),
March
hammer
marteau
(m),
m&t
mast
(m),
it
itself
152
VOCABULAEY.
matin
moineau
morning
(m),
(m), spairow
mauvais, had
moins,
indchant, wicked
mois (m), month
less
meilleur, hetUr
moisson
melon
moitie
melon
(m),
(f),
(f),
harvest
half
my
meme, even
mon, ma,
menuisier {^^ joiner
monsieur (m), Sir
mer
(f),
monter, to go
sea
m^re
(f),
iip
montrer, to show
Wednesday
mercrecli (m),
morceau
mother
mordre,
merle (m), blackbird
(m), piece^ hit

to bite
merveilleux, wonderful
mou, mol, molle,

mouche {i),fly
mesure
moucheron
merveille
wonder
(f),
measure^ quantity
(f),
moudre,
mettre, to put
mettre, se
meule
millstone
(f),
mienne
(m),
miette
(f),
mine
miel (m), honey
mur
thousand
mille,
grind
mouron (m), chickweed

mousse (f), moss
mouton (m), sheep, mutton
muet -te, dumb
mot (m), word
ammb
(f),
to
moulin (m), mill
to begin to
midi (m), midday
mien
gnat
mouchoir [m), pocket handkerchief
metal (m), metal
(m),
soft
(m), ivall
mdr, ripe
mince, thin
midberry
minuit (m), midnight
mftre
minute
(f),
mftrier (m), mulberry -tree
moi,
me,
/,
minute
to
me
(f),
mdrir, to ripen
N
nager, to
nappe
swim
(f),
table cloth
navire (m), ship
nepas,
nature
ne
navet (m), turnip
ne
nature
(f),
not
rien, nothing
point, not, not at all
153
FRENCH-ENGLISH.
neige
(f),
neiger, to
snow
snow
net, nette, clearly neat
neuf, -ve,
new
neveu (m), nephew

nez (m), nose
ni, neither^
nid
(ni),
nor
nest
noel (m), Christmas
(f),
DOS, our
notre, our
notre, ours
nourrir, to nourish
nourriture {f),food
novembre (m), November

nuage (m), cloud
nuit
noir, black
noix
non, no
nord (m), Twrth
(f),
nuque
nut
night
(f),
nape of the neck
unde
obeir, to obey
oncle (m),
ob(5issant, obedient
ongle (m), nail
objet (m), object, article
or (m), gold
ocân (m), oceaii
orage (m), storm
Ocdanie
Oceania
orange
(f),
orange
octobre (m), October
Oreille
(f),
ear
odeur
(f),
odour
(f),
odorat (m), smell
(f),
CEuf (m), egg
oser, to
Oh
ou, or
oie
oh
(f),
barley
(m),
elm
orteU (m), ioe
(m), eye
teil
orge
orme
goose
oil
dare
where
oignon (m), onion
oublier, to forget
oiseau (m), bird
oui, 2/e5
oisif, idle,
lazy
OS (m), bone
ombre
(f),
ombrelle
parasol
on, one, they, people
on
dit,
(f),
hearing
ours (m), bear
shadow
(f),
onie
they say
ouvert, opened, open
ouvrage
(ra),
work
Ol^^Tie^ (m), labourer
154
VOCABULARY.
peau
Paques, Easter
paille
pain
(f),
straw
(ra), loaf,
bread
hide
(f),
peclie
peach
(f),
peigne (m), comb
comb
paitre, to graze
peigner, to
paix
peigner, se
(f),
peace
to
se
pantalon (m), ^xV of trowsers
pencher,
pantoufle
pendant, during
papa
(m),
(f),
slipper
^mpa
pendule
papillon (m), butterfly
lênser, to think
bi/y
through
paraitre, to
appear
one's hair
lean
pendre, to hang
papier (m), paper
par,
comb
to bend,
perclie
timepiece
(f),
perch
(f),
perdre, to lose
13arapluie (m), umbrella
perdre,
se
imrce que, because
perdrix
(f),
parcourir, to describe, to run over
Xjere {m), father
par-dessus, over
pMr,
par-dessus (m), over-coat
perroqnet (m), parrot
paresseux, lazy
petit, little
to
to be lost
partridge
perish
parfois, sometimes
petit navire (m), small boat
Paris, Paris
petit pois (m),
parler, to speak
petit sac (m), satchel
parten-e {m), flower bed
petrir, to
partir, to set out
pen,
partie
(f ),
a part
pea
knead
little {adv.)
I)eu a pen, little
by
little
passer, to p)ass
peuplier (m), poplar
passereau (m), sparrow
j)eur {i),fear
patin (m), skate
pen vent
patiner, to skate
plioque (m), seal
patriarche (m), patriarch
jjiano (m),
patte
(f),
paw
{they), are able
piano
pied {m),foot
pauvre, poor
pierre
pays (m), country
piquant, sharp
paysan {m), peasant
piqftre
(f),
(f),
stone
sting
155
FRENCH-ENGLISH.
pour, for
placd, situated
placer, se
to
place oneself
planclie
(f),
pourquoi, tchy
pousser, to pushy blow, utter
plaire, to please
plank, Jlower-bed
poussibre
(f),
dust
p\em,full
poussin (m), chicken
pleurer, to iveep
pouvoir, to he able
cuvoir, to rain
pluie
prairie
rain
(f),
plume (f), pen, feather

vwre
plus,
plutdt, rather
poclie
(f),
poire
etc.), {he, she, it)
preparer, to prepare
prfes,
not at all
pear
(f),
ix>irier (m),
(il,
prendre, to take
poll (m), hair
ne
pr^fere
pref^rer, to prefer
premier, first
pocket
point (m), point

lK)int,
meadoxo
(f),
precdder, to precede
pret,
pear
tree
near
present (m), presetit
ready
preter, lend
pois (m), jica
principal, principal
poisson {m),fsh
printemps, (m), spring
poi trine
(f),
ix)ix
pitch
(f),
jxjle (ni),
prix (m), prize
chest
profiter, to profit
profond, deep
pole
propre, proper
poli, polite
lK)mme
(f),
apple
pomme de terre
pommier
(f),
prot(iger, to protect
potato
(m), apple-tree
pondre, to lay
pore
(ni),
porte
(f),
provision
(f),
supply
prudent, prudent
prune
(f),
plum
pig
prunier (m), plum-tree
door
puis, then
lx)rtecrayon (m), pencil case
puisque, since
porter, to carry
puits (m), well
ix>ule
(f),
poup<Se
hen
(f),
doll
pupitre (m), desk
prefers
156
VOCABULARY.
Q
quand, when
quelquefois, sometimes
quart (m), quarter
queue
que
qui
{inter.) 1
que, whatf what ?
qui
(rel.),
que, than
quoique, although
that
(conj.),
quel, quelle
tail
(f),
who ?
ivho
what, which ?
E
raccommoder,
racine
mend
to
raconter, to
tell,
reussir, to succeed
revient, returns
relate
riche, rich
rafraichir, to refresh
raisin (m), grapes
ramasser, to
ramener,
collect, to
rien,
pick
up
bring hack
to
ranger, se
to
remain
rester, to
root
(f),
place oneself
nothing
risquer, to risk
riviere
robe
rapide, swift
ne
riz (m), rice
river
(f),
(f),
dress
rapidement, swiftly
Robert, Bobert
raquette
robuste, strong
(f),
battledore
rdteau (m), spade
rocher (m), rock
rayon de miel (m), honeycomb
roi (m),
king
recevoir, to receive
rose
rose
r^colte
(f),
harvest
regarder, to look at
reine
(f),
queen
(f),
rosier (m), rose-tree
rond, ronde,
round
rossignol (m), nightingale
meat
remplir, to fill
roti (m), roast
renard {m.),fox
rouge, red
rencontrer, to meet
rouge-gorge (m), the robin
rendre, to give back
rouler, to roll
repondre, to answer
ruban
respirer, to breathe
ruban de
repriser, to
dam
ruche
(m), ribbon
(f),
fil
(m), tape
bee-hive
rds^da (m), mignonette
rue
ressemljler, to resemble
ruisseau (m), brook stream
(f),
street
FRENCH-ENGLISH.
sable (m),
157
semaine
sand
week
(f),
sabot (m), wooden shoCy hoof
semer, to sow
sac (m), sack, bag
sentir, to smell
sage, wise
sens (m), sense
septembre (m), September
sagement, wisely
sais, (ye),
/ know
serin (m),
saison
(),
season
serpent (m), serpent
salade
(f),
salad
sert, serves
salle
(f),
salle
h.
room
manger
serviette
(f),
dining-room
canary
towel
(f),
servir, to serve
sal^, salty salted
se servir de, to use
salir, to soil
si,
salon (m), drawing-room
sien (m), sienne
samedi
(m),
Saturday
sanglier (m),
if
wUd boar
(f),
sillon {m),furroio
vous
s'il
sapin
singe
{iD.)yJir-tree
down
soeur
plait,
if yon please
monkey
(ni),
sister
(f),
saule (m), willow
soie
sauter, to leap
soir (m),
sauvage, savage
soldat (m), soldier
sauver, to save
savez-vous ? do you
savoir, to
(f),
know
archer, to
sonner, to sound
sawyer
sort
(il),
he goes, comes out
sortir, to
dry
soucoupe
dry
second (m), seconde

srel
(m), sleep
son, sa, ses, his, her, its
se, oneself
sec, sbche,
(m), salt
sûti
solide, solid
sommeil
saxo
(ra),
evening
soin (m), care
scier, to saxo
scieur
silk
(f),
soleil (m),
know ?
savon (m), soap

scie
his, hers, its
whistle
siffler, to
sans, ictthout
s'asseoir, to sit
yes
so,
Soulier
(f),
second
soupe
come, to go out
(f),
(ni),
(f),
saucer
shoe
soup
souper, to sup
VOCABULARY,
158
soUris
mouse
(f),
sud (m), south
under
sous,
suif (m), tallow
souvent, often
St.
sur,
Jean, Midsummer'
upon
07?,
surpris, surprised
suspendre, to hang
sucer, to suck
Sucre (m), sugar
T
table
tisserand (m), weaver
table
(f),
tableau (m), picture
toile
tableau noir (m), blackboard
toilette
apron
tablier (m),
tomber,
drum
tartine
tasse
tordre, to tioist
tart
(f),
(f ),
(f),
teigne
slice
tot,
of bread and butter
moth
toupie
hold
(f),
temps
terre
tete
(f ),
the (m),
thdi^re
ground, earth
(f),
(f),
(pi.
masc),
all,
everybody
tout, toute (adj.), all, everything-
tout (adv.), quite, wholly
toux
(f),
cough
traineau (m), sledge
tecL
teapot
tien (m), tienne

tige
tous
time, weather
head
(f),
top
tourner, turn
tent
(ra),
(f),
tour (m), circumference, revolution-
tendre, tender
tente
soon
toucher, to touch
toujours, always
Clip
(f),
tenir, to
fall
tondre, to shear
tard, late
tarte
roof
to
tondeur (m), sheep-shearer
aunt
(f),
web
toilet
ton, ta, thy
much
tant, so
tante
(m),
cloth,
(f),
toit (m),
tailler, to cut
tambour
(f),
(f),
trainer, to
thine
stem
draw
tranquille, peacefid
travail ler, to
work
tigre (m), tiger
travailleur (m), labourer
tilleul (m), lime-tree
travail (m),
work
travers
across
tirer, to
draio
(k),
159
FRENCH-ENGLISH,
trouver, se
traverser, to cross
trds,
very
tu,
to find oneself, to he
thou
tricoter, to knit
tuer, to kill
trop, too nuich
tuile
trouver, to find
tulipe
(f),
tulip
utilitd
(f),
usefulness
tUc
(f),
U
un, line, a, one
useful
utile,
va
groe^
viande
vaclie
(f),
cow
viendra, will come
vague
(f),
wave
Ac
(il),
vaisseau (m), ship
vapeur
vapour, steam
(f),
(f),
viennent,
7iieat
co7)ic
vient, cojnes
vieux,
vieil, vieille,
veau (m),
ccdf, veal
vendange
(f),
vigne
(f),
vine
vijitagc
ville (f), city, toicn
vendredi (m), Friday
village (m), village
venir, to conic
vin (m), wine
vent (m), tvind
violette
ver (m), woivn
visage (ni),/ce
ver
.\
sole (m), silktoonn
verger (m), orchard

vers,
towards
vestibule
sour
(ni),
hall
vetements, le3(ni), clothing, clothes
(f),
violet
îsiter, to visit
vit
(il),
vite,
vers le sud, southicard

vert, green,
old
vif, vive, lively
vaste, vast
vitre
he lives
quick
(t),
jHOic
vivre, to live
voici, here
voie
(f),
is,
ro(td
here arc
VOCABULARY.
160
voila, there is, there
are
voile (m), veil

voile
(f),
sail
voix
(f),
(f),
your
v6tre (pro. poss.), yours
voulez-vous, do you wish, will you
voir, to see
voiture
vos,
votre (adj. poss.), your
carriage
voice
vous, you
voyez
(voir), look, see
volant (m), shuttlecock
vrai, vraie, true
voler, to fiy^ to steal
vu, vue
(voir),
vue
sight
vont
(ils),
they go, arc going
y, there
a-t-il, is there ?
(f),
yeux
(m), eyes
seen
EN6LISH-FEENCH.
A
a, an,
appear, paraitre
un, un^
across,
applaud, applaudir
d travers
pomme
act, agir
apple,
active, actif -ve
apple-tree,
add, aj outer
apricot, abricot (m)
admiral, amiralKm)
April, avril (m)
apron, tablier (m)
after, apr^s
agile, agile
arm, bra^ (m)
agreeable, agHable
ask
(to),
hdas !
ass,
Ane (m)
alas
(f)
pommier (m)
demander
already, d^jcl
at,
also, aussi
at last, enfin
always, tovjours
at present, d present
amiable, aimable
at the house
amusing, amusant
August, aoid (m)
and,
aunt, tante
et
animal, animal
annual, annuel,
ant, fourmi
ci
of,
chcz
(f)
autumn, autamne (m)

-Ic
(f
avoid,
<;y7er
axe, cognac
(f)
answer, repondre
11
VOCABULARY.
162
back, dos (m)
bobbin, bobine
bad, mauvais
body, corps (m)
badly,
boiled meat, bouUli (m)
Ttial
ball, houle
bold, ^hardi
(f)
bath, hain (m)
bathe oneself
(f)
bone, 05 (m)
(to), se
battledore, raquette
haigner
(f)
bonnet, chapeau (m)
book, îvre (m)
bear, ours (m)
boot,
beautiful, ieau, bel, belle
box, 6otê
because, parce que
boy, gargon (m.)
bed,
lit
(m)
bed (flower) ,planche (f ) ,parterre (m)

bedroom, cJiamhre
bee, abeille
(f)
bread,
âm
(to),
(m)
casser
breakfast, dejeuner (m)

(to),
respirer
broken, cass6
(f)
(f)
avant
bell, cZocAe
brooch, broche
(f)
brook, ruisseau (m)

brother, /r^rc (m)
(f)
below, atc-dessous, en bas
brown, brun
hend, flichir
brush, brosse
big, 5'ro5, grosse
bmsh
bird, oiseau (m)
bud, bouton (m)
biscuit, biscuit (m)
build,
bit,
morceau (m)
bite,
bunch
mordre
bum,
??icrZe
(to),
(f)
brosser
6<îîV
build (a nest), construire
black, W02V
blackbird,
(m)
but,
of grapes,
grappe
bruler
mais
blackboard, tableau noir
butter, beurre (m)
blind, aveugle
butterfly, papillon (m)
blow
(to), souffler^
blue, 6Zew
boat, bateau (m)
(f)
bring me, apportez-moi
beetroot, betterave
before,
bottine
(f)
break
breathe
(f)
beech, 'hStre (m)

beer, bidre
fto^ê (f),
pousser
button, bouton (m)
âr
buy me, achetez-moi
by,
(f)
163
FRENCH-ENGLISH.
cabbage, chou (m)
clean, propre
cackle
clear, c/atV
(to),
cage, cage
caquetcr
clever, adroit
(f)
cake, gateau (m)

calf,
clock, horloge
veau (m)
(f)
clockface, cadran (m)
camel, chameau (m)
clothes, vitements (m)
canal, canal (m)
cloud, muige (m)
canary, serin (m)
coal,
cap, bonnet (m)
coarse, ^jwais -5*6
charbon
(ni)
captain, capitaine (m)
coat, Art6eY (m)
carrot, airotte
coffee, c/J$
carry
(to),
(f)
porter
cask, tonncau (m)
catch
(to),
(m)
coffee-pot, cafetiere
attraper
cold
caterpillar, chenille
(f)
ilfaitfroid
(it is),
collar, col (m)
chair, chaise
(f)
colour, couleur
chalk, c/rac
(f)
comb, peigne (m)
cheek, yoc
cherish, giUrir
cemc
comforter, cache-nez (m)
(f)
cherry-tree, cerisier
chess,
(f)
(m), to play at chess,
t't7tt'C5
joucr aux cchecs

chest, poitrinc
chew
(to),
mdcher
(ni)
6/^ (m)
cottage, chauini^re
(ni)
f)
cough, <OKX
count
(to),
(f)
co7npter
country, campagnc
Christmas, Noel (m)
covetous, avare
church, Sglise
cow, vache
class, c/tMse
(f)
(f)
(f)
cotton, coton (m)
chickweed, mouron
choice, cAow;
(f)
copy-book, cahier (m)
cost, coiiter
chicken, jMulct (m)
(m or
compass, boussolc
com, wheat,
(f)
child, enfant
(f)
comb one's hair (to), se peigner

come in (to), entrer
come out of (to), sortir de
(f)
cheese, fromage (m)
cherry,
(f)
cold, /roii3?
(f)
(f)
cream, crdi
(f)
11
164
VOCABULARY.
cricket, criclcet (m)
cocoon, C0C071 (m)
cross
cuffs,
manchettes
(f)
cruel, cruel ^ -le
currant, groseillc
(f)
cuckoo, cottcou (m)
cut
traverser
(to),
daisy, marguerite
dance
(to),
docile, docile
(f)
danser
dare, oser
dark
(it is),
darn
(to),
couper
(to),
ilfait noir
dog,
cAim (m)
doll,
ponpee
(f)
domestic, domestique
door i porte
repriser
(f)
day, jour (m)
dove, pigeon (m)
dear, cher, -dre
draughts, dames
deceive, ddcevoir
drawing-room,
December, decembi'C (m)
dress, ?'o6c
deep, profond
dress oneself
defend, defendre
drink
(to),
{les) (f)
5?o?^
(to), s'liabiller
boire
delicate, delicat
drum, tambour (m)
desk, pupitre (m)
dry, sec, seche
dig
(to),
Mcher
dry
dining-room, salle d manger

dinner, diner (m)
division, division
secher
(to),
dumb, muet
(f)
-fe
dust, poKSsidre
dwell
(f)
(m)
(f)
(to),
(f)
demeurer
E
each, chaque
eagle,
ai'^'ê
ear, oreille
earache,
empty,
(f)
enjoy, yo?V
(f)
mal aux
w'cê
England, Angleterrc
(m)
oreillcs
enough, a^ses
east, e*^ (m)
evening, soir (m)
Easter, Pdques
exercise-book, cahier (m)
manger
explain
(to),
egg, <w/(m)
eye,
(m)
elephant, tUphant (m)
eyes, /cs yczîc
eat
(to),
?*/
expliquer
165
FRENCH-ENGLISH.
F
face, visage (m)
fair,
^f Mr
flower,
(f)
flowerbed, planche
blond
mouche
fan, iventail (m)
fly,
far, loin
fly (to), vo/r
i&Tm,ferme
(f)
foggy,
it is
ilfait
foot, jw/e<f (m)
February, fevrier (m)
football, ballon (m)
abattre
for,
ôwr
iertHe, fertile
forehead, /ro?t^ (m)
fie!^/
forest, /or^<
champ
held,
(m)
forget
(to),
(f)
oublier
form, 67?c (m)
figures, les chiffres (m)

fill,
remplir
remird (m)
fox,
find (to), troHver
France, France
fine, 6eatt
freezes, it
fine, it is
finger, cloigt (m)
friend,
finish (to),^/ar
from,
(m)
fire,/ct<
first,
fir-tree,
i7
(f)
gde
ami
(m)
(m)
plein
full,
fumhihffouvnir
sapin (m)
farinc
rfe
fruit, /rtttY
premier
fiour,
Friday, vendrcdi (m)
ilfait beau
du brouillard
foolish, /oM, folyfolle
(f)
father, pdre (m)
fell (to),
(f)
G
gallop
(to),
galoper
general, g^niral (m)
game, jeu (m)
gently, doucement
garden, jardin (m)
get
gas, gaz (m)
girl,///c(f)
gather
gay,
(to),
srai
cucUlir
parterre
fog, brouillard (m)
(f)
farmer, /c/*wi/er (m)

farm-mistress, /cnnt^re
(f),
(m)
faithful, /rf^/e
(to),
give
gagncr
(to),
doyincr
give back, rcndrc
166
VOCABULARY.
give me, donnez-moi
go to bed
glove, gant (m)
go up
(to), se
coucher
monter
(to),
gnat, moiicheron (m)
grain, grain (m)
go down, descendre
grapes, raisin (m)
goat,
cMvre
grapes (bunch
(f)
gold, or (m)
grass, herhe
good, hon
green, vert
good
hon
goodbye
grind
good morning
goose, oie
grow
honjour
moudrc
(to),
ground, teiê
adieu
of), graj[ype (f)
(f)
(f)
croUre
(to),
grow, grandir
(f)
gooseberry, groseille
guide
(f)
diriger
(to),
H
hair, cheveu (m)
headache, mal a la
hall, vestibule (m)
hear
ham, yamSow (m)

hammer, marteau (m)
hand, warn (f)
hearing,
haiid (of clock), aiguille
hedge, 'haie
helm, gouvernail (m)
(/i/r
hare,
^î;re
(to),
aider
here, ici
(f
(to), 'herser
harvest, moisson
(f)
her, son^ sa, ses
(m)
harrow, 'herse
harrow
help
accrocher
hen, jooM^c
hard,
(f)
here
is, ?;o^c^
here
it is, le
void
hat, chapeau (m)
his, son, sa, ses
have
hive, ruche
(to),
avotV
hay,/om(m)
holly tree,
haymaker, /rt7iez(r (m)
honey,
hay
(to
head,
make),/awr
tete (f)
(les)
(f)
hedgehog, 'herisson (m)
hang, suspetidre
(to),
(f)
heavens, cieux
hang, pendre
hang up
oiiie (f)
heat, chaleur
(f)
tete
entendre
(to),
(f)
702a;
(m)
7niel (m)
honeycomb, rayon de micl (m)

hoop, cerceau (m)
167
ENGLISH-FRENCH.
horse,"^^m/ (m)
hot,
hospital, hdpital (m)
hour, heure
hot,
chaud
it is
is there,
please,
in, dayis,
s'il votis
plait
it
en
(to),
(nom.),
a-t-il
il, elle
it (accus.),/e,
india rubber,
inhabit
(f)
iron,/er (m)
si
you
(f)
insect, insecte (m)
(f)
idle, oisif -ve
if
(f)
how much, how many, combien
ink, encre
if,
Ufait chaud
house, inaison
hotel, hCtel (m)
ice, glace,
gomme
elastique
â
it is, c'e^t
(f)
hahiter
its,
5(m, 5a, 5C5
James, Jacques
July, juillet (m)
J a,nna,Ty, Janvier (m)

John, /ean
June, ywm (m)

just, yw^te
joiner, menuisier (m)
K
keep
(to),
key, clef
garder
knit
king, roi (m)

kitchen, cuisine
knee, ^rcnoM (m)

knife, couteau (m)
{i)
(f)
kite, cerf-volant (m)
(to), tricoter
know
(to),
avor
168
VOCABULARY.
labour
(to),
travaiUer
limetree, tilleul (m)
labourer, travailleur (m)
linnet, linotte
lamb, agneau (m)
lion, lion (m)
lark, alouette
lip,
(f)
tard
late,
lay eggs
Uvre
(f)
(f)
listen (to), couter
pondre
(to),
little, /?e^*Y
v^ -ve
pam (m)
lazy, oisif -ve
lively,
legijambe
(f)
loaf,
left to the,
d gauche
London, Londres
lesson, legon
light, lumidre
light, it is
like
(to),
lilac,
long, ôn^r,
(f)
look at
(f)
lose,
ilfait clair
regarder
perdre
Louisa, Louise
aimer
love
lUas (m)
lily, lis
-tê
(to),
(to),
amer
(m)
M
madam, madame
make {ô),faire
mamma, maman
(f)
mignonette, ris6da (m)
(f)
midnight, minuit (m)
midday, mtc?* (m)
mantelpiece, cTieminte
map,
carê
(f)
(f)
midsummer, Saint-Jean
milk, âtY (m)
moulin (m)
Margaret, Marguerite
mill,
Mary, Marie
minute, minute
mast, mGit (m)

master, maitre (m)
Monday, ^wwc?i (m)

monkey, stn^'e (m)
meadow, prairie (f)

meet (to), rencontrer
more, plus
melt, fondre
morning, matin (m)
mend
(to),
raccommoder
metal, mdtoZ (m)
(f)
month, wiow (m)
moth, teigne
mother, rn^re
(f)
(f)
(f
169
ENGLISH-FRENCH.
mouse, souris
mow
(to),
moweTf /aucheur (m)

mutton, mouton (m)
(f)
mouth, bouche
If)
faiicher
N
nightdress, chemise de nuit
nail, ongle (m)
napkin, serviette
wow
near, prds
no,
neck, cou (m)
nor, ni
aucun : nepas de
(m)
neckerchief, fichu (m)
north,
needle, aiguille
nose, nee (m)
neither
(f)
nor, nini
not,
7M)rrf
nepas
nephew, neveu (m)
not at
nest, nid (m)
notliing,
never,
nejamais
new, noMvmj/,
night, nuit
(f)
oak, chcne
(ra)
oats, avoine
-e/,
all,
nepoint
7ic
Hen
November, novembrc (m)

-elle
now, maintenant
nut, nota;
(f)
on, sur
(f)
one,
t/, ?iM
obedient, ohtissant
one (people, they), on
obey, o6î>
one
ocean, ocdan
onion, oignon (m)
o'clock, Aewre
(f)
or,
other, l\inVautre
ou
October, octobre (m)
orange
odour, orfcwr
orange, orange
of,
(f
de
office,
oil,
(an),
orange
(f)
orchard, verger (m)
bureau (m)
often, souvcnt
oh
oA
our, notrCy nos
overcoat, par-dessns (m)
owe, devoir
Awt/c
(f
nightingale, rossignol (m)
(f)
(f)
old, vietix^ vicilj vicille
ox,
bauf {m)
oyster, huitrc
(f)
170
VOCABULARY.
Papa, papa
pitchfork, fourche
paper, papier (m)
plank, planche
parasol, ombrelle
play
(f
(to),
(f)
(f
/ower
Paris, Paris
plaything, joujou (m)
parrot, perroquet (m)
plate, assiette
part, partie
plough, charrue
(f)
partridge, perdrix
pear, poire
plough
(f)
(f)
labourer
(to),
plum prune
(f)
(f)
(f
peartree, poirier (m)
plumtree, prunier (m)
pea, pois (m)
pocket,
peace, paix
pocket handkerchief, mouchoir (m)
(f)
J90c7i6 (f)
peasant, paysan (m)
point out
peas (green), pctits pois
polite, ô^
pen,
plume
indiquer
(to),
pond, dtongr (m)
(f
pony, poney
pencil, crayon (m)
pauvre
pencil-case, porte-crayon (m)
poor,
penknife, c7i?/ (m)
potato,
people,
poultry-yard, basse-cour
o?i
pomme
de terre
praise
(to), /oiêr
I>erch (to), se pcrcher
prefer
(to),
perish, perir
present
(a),
present
(at),
perceive, apercevoir
petticoat,
jupon (m)
piano, piano (m)
preferer
cadeau (m)
d,
present
pretty, yo^
prix (m)
picture, tableau (m)
prize,
pig, ;?W'C (m)
prudent, prudent
pin, ^pijigle
pupil, e7^V6
pitch, ôiic
(f)
put
(f)
it,
mettezle
Q
queen,
mne
queen-bee,
quite, tout
(f)
re7WJ
des abeilles
quite ready, tout prSt
(f)
(f)
FRENCH-ENGLISH.
171
anneau (m)
rabbit, lapin (m)
ring
(a),
rain, plute
ring
(to),
ripe,
miir
rains
it,
t'l
(f)
pleut
rainlx)w, arc-en-ciel (m)
soniicr
rise (to), ê /ere?*
road, chemin (m), roic
rake, rdteau (m)
raspberry, framboise
rather, plutot
Robert, Robert
raven, corbeau (m)
robin, rouge-gorge (m)
read
rock, rocher (m)
(to), lire
rocking-horse, chevald bascule (m)
ready, pret
receive
red,
recevoir
(to),
root, racine
(to), restcr
ribbon, rubcui
rice, riz
rope, corc?c
rose, rose
(ni)
(m)
(f)
(f)
(f)
round, rone?
rich, riche
right, to
rouler
roll,
rouge
remain
(f)
roast meat, roti (m)
(f
the, a droite
rub,
frotter
run
(to),
courir
S
sail, roiVe
sawyer, scieur (m)
(f)
sailor, mari?i (m)
say
salad, salade
say (they), on
(f)
salt, 56^ (m)
sand,
.sa6/c
(to),
dire
school, ^cole
(m)
schoolroom, c/o^ê
sandl>ank, banc de sable (m)
scissors,
sash, ceinture
scythe, /aiu;
(f)
mer
/fes
(f)
sea,
Saturday, samcdi (m)
seal,
saucer, soucoupe
season, saison
(f)
(f)
ciseaux (m)
satchel, /)e/tY sac (m)
saw
saw
e?<
(f)
(f)
phoqne (m)
(a), scie (f)
second
(to), 5cier
see, fOjs/3
(a),
(f)
seconde
(f)
172
see
VOCABULARY.
seek
slate, ardoise
voir
(to),
seed, graine
sleep
(f)
slice ofbread and butter, tartine
chercher
(to),
seen, vu, vue

sell (to),
(f)
dormir
(to),
vendre
slow, êni
sense, sens (m)
smell (sense
September, septembre (m)
smell, odour, oêwr
serpent, serpent (m)
smell
set (to), mettre
snow,
sew
snows,
(to),
coudre
shadow, 07nbre
odorat (m)
of),
(f)
sentir
(to),
wezjg'e (f)
it
il
neige
so, St
(f)
sharp, piqua?it
soap, savon (m)
shawl, chdle (m)
sofa,
she, elle
soft, wiow,
shear, tondre
soil, saîV
mouton (m)
sheep,
canapt (m)
mol^ molle
solid, solide
ship, navire (m), vaisseau (m)
something, quelque chose
shine, hriller
so
chemise
shirt,
soon, t6t
song, chanson
montrer
(to),
shuttlecock (to play
at),
jower
'yi/c (f)
silk, 5o/e
argent (m)
silver thimble, d6 d'argent (m)
chanter
sing
(to),
Sir,
monsieur
sister, sceur
(f)
(f)
(f)
sour, acide, vert
south, Slid (m)
(f)
silkworm, ver sote (m)

silver,
soul, wie
soup, sowpe
w volant
sight,
much, tant
son, j^/s (m)
(f)
shoe, Soulier (m)
show
(f)
southward, au sud
sow
(to),
spade, heche
(m)
speak
{to),
jMrler
spoil, gdter
skate, joa^m (m)
split,
sky,
ctcZ
(m)
sud
(f)
slide (to), glisser
patiner
vers le
sparrow, moineau (m), passereau
spider, araignee
(to),
scmer
sit, s'asseoir
skate
(f)
slippers, pantoiifles
(f)
fendre
sponge, Sponge
spoon, cuiller
(f)
(f)
ENGLISH-FRENCH.
173
B])nng. printemps, (m)
straw, jpat'We
stag, cerf (m)
strawberry, /raise
stair-case, escalier (m)
street,
star, 6toile
strong, fart
(f)
steam, vapeur
(f)
sugar, Sucre (m)
(f)
steamboat, bateau d vapeur (m)
summer,
stem, tige
succeed, r6ussir
(f)
sting, aigidllon (m)

strike,
6t6
(m)
sun, soê7 (m)
encore
still,
(f)
?*?<e (f)
frapper
sun, the
shines, ilfait du
stocking, bas (m)
swallow, hirondelle
stomach, estomac (m)
sweet, doux
stone, pierre
swift, rapide
(f)
swim
storm, ora^re (m)
take
tall,
(to),
nappe
(f)
prendre
grand
(to),
tea, th^ (m)
teapot, tkeierc
tell (relate),
(f)
racontcr
the,
(conj.),
li
cc,
ya
ya
i7
it is, /e voild,
cc^ cc<<6
^mc
ic, la, les
their, /ew/*, /ewrA^
la
voilO.
these, ce*
ilSf elles
ofi
thimble, de (m)
thin,
mince
think
(to),
penser
tliis, cc, cc^, cciê
thou,
than, ^'wc
that
is, i7
they, people,
goiUer
that (pro.),
y;
there
they,
(f)
taste, ^roM^ (m)
taste
there,
there
ruban dcfil (m)
tart, êr<e
nager
(to),
there are,
talk, cawser
tape,
(f)
-ce
then, done
table, table
tablecloth,
soleil
Sunday, dimanche
^2
thread,// (m)
thread (a needle)
throat, gorge
tlirough,
par
(f)
(to), enfiler
174
VOCABULARY.
thumb, pouce (m)
top, toupie
Thursday, jeudi (m)
touch, toucher (m)
(m)
tiger, tigre
touch
time, temps (m)
toucher
towel, serviette
timepiece, pendule
to,
(to),
(f)
town,
(f
tree,
ville
(f)
(f)
arhre (m)
toe, orteil (m)
troublesome, importun
to-day, aujourd'hui
trousers, pantalon (m)
to-morrow, cUmain
true,
too much,
Tuesday, mardi (m)
(f)
tulip,
tooth, dent
toothache,
t'rca'
many, trop
maZ aux
tooth-brush, hrosse
tongue, langue
ifM^^)9e (f)
turkey, dindon (m)
dents
d dents
turnip, navei (m)

twist, tordre
(f)
U
umbrella, parapluie (m)
upon, swr
uncle, o?ic?e (m)
useful, utile
under, sous
vegetables, legumes (m)

veil, voile
vine, vigne
(m)
(f)
violet, violette
very, ^r^5
voice,
wtx
(f)
(f)
VV
wait, attendrc
wall, ir (m)
waistcoat, gilct (m)
warm, chaud
wash (to), ?vcr
walk
(to),
marcher
ENGUSH-PEENCH.
wash
oneself
wasp, gucpe
(to), se
watch, mmitre
whom? qui?
why ? pourquoi ?
wicked, michant
(f)
wild, sauvage
Avater, eaii
(f)
water
arroser
(to),
laver
(f)
175
wildboar, sanglier (m)
watering-can, arrosoir
William, Guillaume
wave, vague
win
wax,
we,
cire
(f)
wdndy,
7iotis
weather
(it is
good), ilfait beau
temps
weather
gagner
it
(ra)
is, ilfait du vent
wine, vin (m)
(the), le ternps
weather
(to),
wind, vent
(f)
winter, hiver (m)

wise, sage
bad), ilfait
(it is
mauvais
tc7nps
wisely, sagement
with, avec, chez
Wednesday,
inercredi (m)
without, sans
west, 02iest (m)
wood, hois (m)
what? que?
where ? ou ?
woodcutter, h Acheron (m)

wolf, loup (m)
when? quand?
wool, laine
whip,/oj(e< (m)
woman, /eii6
white, blanc, -che
work, ouvrage (m)

workbox, ioiê <l ouvrage
who, qui
who? qui?
whom, que
year,
(f)
worm, rer (m)

write
(m), an7Ue
yellow, y</M6
(f)
(to), ^crire
yet, encore
you, vous
yesterday, Ater
your, vo^rc
yes, oui
young, yeuwc
O.
(f)
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FRENCH FOR BEGINNERS,

FRENCH FOR BEGINNERS.

SECOND EDITION, REVISED AND IMPROVED.

WILLIAMS AND NOBGATE,

HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON;

for beginners, the grammatical

from the exercises.

the left hand pages there

a simple French grammar, while on the right has been

exercises on each subject as has

been thought necessary to impress upon the mind of the

pupil the corresponding doctrine.

grammar without any

the grammatical and Ollendorff methods that any language

can be well learned, and this

The Regular Verb

the principle which has

be learned at once, the resemblances and

differences between the four conjugations readily striking

the eye of the learner,

with exceptional forms and

which do not come

within the scope of a book so purely introductory, are

exercises have been formed with the

view of inducing the pupil to

French Grammars, and

which there should

be a greater success in English schools.

the grammatical part of the book, and having acquired the

the pupil under the

guidance of a good master should have no

profitable use in the

at the top of each page.

thus avoided, and the pupil

to an intelligent exercise of his conversational

with which the pupils were already familiar.

young persons, and

not an unusual feature

well to take advantage of this

a continual comparison of two languages so closely related.

In such works as those of Chassang and Breymann

the youngest pupil should not be awakened by the same

pronunciation, believing such to be practically useless in a

be found well adapted for schools

made the groundwork

should be no less valuable in those where the classics are

not taught, and should afford some of that intellectual

NOTE TO THE SECOND EDITION.

In this edition I have thought it as well to give a brief

Extracts for Reading, Translation and Dictation.

fruits et les boissons

poule, les rcufs, les poussins

Utilitd des oiseaux

Les objets de toilette

Les raoiitons et la laine

Notes to Poetical Pieces

the Latin, consists of 25

There are three accents.

The Acute (')

The cedilla is a mark (<;) placed