INFANCY and TODDLERHOOD

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENTS:

Physical growth is rapid during the first two years in life for the infant.
Their weight doubles by half the year and will be tripled by their first birthday.
A baby will be around ten inches to a foot during their first two years.

LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENTS:

During the first year, the child will only make noises.
By the end of one year, the child will be able to say simple words such as dada or
mama.

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENTS:

Infants are able to differentiate between familiar and unfamiliar people and objects,
anticipate and participate in parts of personal care routines, learn language, and
come to know the rules of social interactions. (California Infant/Toddler Learning &
Development Foundations., 2016)
Typically, toddlers around 18 months can play pretend play where they would be
someone/something else and play it.

ATYPICAL DEVELOPMENT:

Something that you will want to look out for is if the baby does not respond to loud
sounds. Loud sounds are a good way to know how the hearing development is within
the child so if he/she is nonresponsive, you should go to the hospital as soon as
possible.

STRATEGY FOR CHILDRENS LEARNING:

During this period, the best way to learn language is by teaching a song that is
simple and upbeat.

MILESTONE ACHIEVEMENTS:

PHYSICAL: A toddler is able to run easily and pedal a tricycle.

COGNITIVE: A toddler can play make believe and build towers (more than 6 blocks)
SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL: A toddler is able to show concern for a crying friend and show
affection for friend without prompting.
LANGUAGE: Toddlers can follow instruction with 2 or 3 steps and is able to name a
friend when asked.
MORAL REASONING/SELF-REGULATION: By 18 months, a baby is able to sense other
people. At the age of 2 to 3, they are still not able to judge what is right and wrong.
(CDC, 2016)

ATYPICAL DEVELOPMENTS:

Cannot walk by 18 month

Does not show interest in cause and effect games by 18 months.

SOCIAL FACTORS

Toddlerhood is an important time for the child to grow so having a positive and
caring relationship during the early years will help develop social development.

LEARNING AND DEVELOPING

At this age, you can play naming body parts and objects as well as playing a
matching game. The reason to playing the naming body part game is so that the
toddler will know the name of the body parts when they get older. This is also good in
testing their memory skills. The matching game is a simple game of memory. Games
such as finding the matching cards or simple puzzle can be used.