STRATEGIC

INTERVENTION
MATERIALS

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region III- Central Luzon
TARLAC NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Annex
San Miguel, Tarlac City

SI
STRATEGIC
INTERVENTION
MATERIALS
IN MATHEMATICS
7
(Divisi
on of
polyn
omial
s)
Prepared by:
BABYLYN G. CABALU
Researcher

TOPIC:
DIVISION OF
POLYNOMIALS

Guide
This polynomials has 3 terms (trinomial)
Polynomial Division
Recall how to perform long division. We will divide 4321 by 6. We see that we follow the steps:
1. Write it in long division form.
2. Determine what we need to multiply the quotient by to get the first term.
3. Place that number on top of the long division sign.
4. Multiply that number by the quotient and place the product below.
5. Subtract
6. Repeat the process until the degree of the difference is smaller than the degree of the quotient.
7. Write as sum of the top numbers + remainder/quotient.

Example
Divide

4321 6
Solution
720
6 | 4321
42
12
12
01
0
1

6 x 7 = 42
43 - 42 = 1 and drop down the 2
6 x 2 = 12
12 - 12 = 0 and drop down the 1
6x0 = 0
1-0 = 1

To divide polynomials, we perform the same steps, except that there are x's involved.

Example
Divide
x4 + 3x2 - 5
x2 + 4x
Solution
We first write in long division form

Next decide what we need to multiply x 2 by to get x4. Since

(x2)(x2) = x4
we can write

Next, we multiply x2 + 7x and x2.

Now subtract to get and bring down the 3x2 to get

We repeat this process until the degree of the remainder is less than the degree of the denominator.

We repeat this process until the degree of the remainder is less than the degree of the denominator.

The final solution is

-76x + 5
2

x - 4x + 19 +
x2 + 4x

MORE EXAMPLES

...

ACTIVITY CARD

Find the quotient of the following polynomials

1. (7x2-10x-8) (x-2)

2. (10x3-x2+5x+4)

(2x+1)

3. (2x2-7x-14) (x-5)

4. (4x3+2x2-5x+3)

REFFERENCE
ANSWER KEY
CARD
1. 7X+4
http://www.purplemath.com/modules/polydiv2.htm
http://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/polynomials-divisionlong.html
2

2. 5X -3X+4

http://www.ltcconline.net/greenl/courses/152a/polyExp/polydiv.ht
m

3. 2X+3
4. 2X2+X-2

MULTIPLICATION OF
POLYNOMIALS

GUIDE CARD
To multiply two polynomials:
multiply each term in one polynomial by each term in the other polynomial
add those answers together, and simplify if needed
Introduction
Multiplying polynomials involves applying the rules of exponents and the distributive property to simplify the
product. This multiplication can also be illustrated with an area model, and can be useful in modeling real world
situations. Understanding polynomial products is an important step in learning to solve algebraic equations involving
polynomials.
Multiplying Monomials
Let's begin by multiplying two simple monomials together. Consider a rectangle whose length is 2x and whose width
is 3x. To find the area of this rectangle, multiply the length by the width.
2
x
3x
Area of rectangle = (2x)(3x) = (2x)(3x) = 2 3 x x = 6x2
Note that the commutative and associative properties of multiplication are used to rearrange the factors, putting the
coefficients together and the variables together.
The area, 6x2, is a product that includes a coefficient (6) and a variable with a whole number exponent (x2). In other
words, it's a monomial, too. So the result of multiplying two monomials isanother monomial!
Let's try a slightly more complex problem: -9x3 3x2.

Example
Multiply. -9x3 3x2

Problem

-9 3 x3 x2 Use commutative and associative

properties of multiplication to
rearrange the factors.
-27 x3 x2 Multiply constants. Remember
that a positive number times a
negative number yields a
negative number.
-27 x3+2 Multiply variable terms.
-27 x5 Remember to add the exponents
when multiplying exponents with
the same base.
Answer

The Product of a Monomial and a Polynomial

The distributive property can be used to multiply a polynomial by a monomial. Just
remember that the monomial must be multiplied by each term in the polynomial. Consider
the expression 2x(2x2 + 5x + 10).
This expression can be modeled with a sketch like the one below.

2x

9x3 3x2 = 27x5

2x2

5x

10

4x3

10x2

20x

The model above illustrates the distributive property.

2x(2x2 + 5x + 10) = 2x(2x2) + 2x(5x) = 2x(10)

=
4x3 + 10x2 + 20x

Example
Problem

Simplify. 5x(4x2 + 3x + 7)
5x(4x2) + 5x(3x) + 5x(7) Distribute the monomial to
each term of the polynomial.
20x3 + 15x2 + 35x Multiply.

Answer

5x(4x2 + 3x + 7) = 20x3 + 15x2 + 35x

Example

Problem

Simplify. 5x(4x2 + 3x + 7)
5x(4x2) + 5x(3x) + 5x(7) Distribute the monomial to
each term of the polynomial.
20x3 + 15x2 + 35x Multiply.

Answer

5x(4x2 + 3x + 7) = 20x3 + 15x2 + 35x

Example

Problem

Simplify. 5x(4x2 + 3x + 7)
5x(4x2) + 5x(3x) + 5x(7) Distribute the monomial to
each term of the polynomial.
20x3 + 15x2 + 35x Multiply.

Answer

5x(4x2 + 3x + 7) = 20x3 + 15x2 + 35x

Find the product:

1, (a + 10)(2a 7)

ACTIVITY CARD

2
A) 2aProduct
+ 19a of70Two Binomials

B) 3aNow
+ 3 let's explore multiplying two binomials. Once again, you can draw an area model to help make sense of the
process. You'll use each binomial as one of the dimensions of a rectangle, and their product as the area.
C) 2a2 70
The model below shows (x + 4)(2x + 2):

D) 2a2 + 13a 70
2, (3x 2)(2x2 + 4x 11)
3

A) 6x + 8x 41x + 22
B) 6x3 + 8x2 41x 22
C) 6x3 + 12x + 22

x
2
x

2x2

8x

2x

+
2

3
2
expanded into variable terms and constants, x + 4, along the top of the model and 2x + 2 along the
D) 3xEach
+ 8xbinomial
+ 25x is22
left side. The product of each pair of terms is a colored rectangle. The total area is the sum of all of these small
rectangles, 2x2 + 8x + 2x + 8, If you combine all the like terms, you can write the product, or area, as 2x2 + 10x + 8.
3, (4X-5) (3X+6)
You can use the distributive property to determine the product of two binomials.
A. -12x2+9x-30

B. -12x2-9x-30
C. 12x2+9x-30

Example
Problem

x(2x) + x(2) + 4(2x) + 4(2) Distribute the x over 2x + 2,

then distribute 4 over 2x + 2.

D. -12x2+9x+30

2x2 + 2x + 8x + 8 Multiply.

4. (2x-5) (7x2+9x-2)
3

2x2 + 10x + 8 Combine like terms (8x + 2x).

A. 14x -17x -69x+60

B. -14x3-17x2-69x+60
C. 14x3+17x2-69x-60
D. -14x3-17x2-69x+60

(x + 4)(2x + 2)

Answer

(x + 4)(2x + 2) = 2x2 + 10x + 8

ENRICHMENT CARD

Product of a Binomial and a Trinomial

Another type of polynomial multiplication problem is the product of a binomial and trinomial. Although the FOIL method
can not be used exactly since there are more than two terms in a trinomial, you still use the Distributive Property to
organize the individual products. Using the distributive property, each term in the binomial must be multiplied by each
of the terms in the trinomial. Two examples are shown below.

Example
Problem

(3x + 6)(5x2 + 3x + 10)

3x(5x2 + 3x + 10) + 6(5x2 + 3x + 10)

Distribute the
trinomial to each
term in the binomial.

3x(5x2) + 3x(3x) + 3x(10) + 6(5x2) + 6(3x) + 6(10)

Use the distributive

property to distribute
the monomials to
each term in the
trinomials.

15x3 + 9x2 + 30x + 30x2 + 18x + 60

15x3 + (9x2 + 30x2) + (30x + 18x) + 60
Answer

(3x + 6)(5x2 + 3x + 10) = 15x3 + 39x2 + 48x +

60

Multiply.
Group like terms.
Combine like terms.

As you can see, multiplying a binomial by a trinomial leads to a lot of individual terms! Some people prefer to set up
these problems vertically and gather like terms as they multiply. This method is shown below, using the same problem
as above.
Example
Problem

(3x + 6)(5x2 + 3x + 10)

3x(5x2 + 3x + 10) + 6(5x2 + 3x + 10)

Distribute the
trinomial to each
term in the binomial.

3x(5x2) + 3x(3x) + 3x(10) + 6(5x2) + 6(3x) + 6(10)

Use the distributive

property to distribute
the monomials to
each term in the
trinomials.

15x3 + 9x2 + 30x + 30x2 + 18x + 60

15x3 + (9x2 + 30x2) + (30x + 18x) + 60
Answer

(3x + 6)(5x2 + 3x + 10) = 15x3 + 39x2 + 48x +

60

Multiply.
Group like terms.
Combine like terms.

Example
Problem

(2p 1)(3p2 3p + 1)
2p(3p2 3p + 1) 1(3p2 3p + 1) Distribute the trinomial to
each term in the binomial.
2p(3p2) + 2p(-3p) + 2p(1) 1(3p2) 1(-3p) 1(1) If you dont write subtraction
as adding the opposite,
then be sure to think of it
that way. So you are
distributing -1 and
multiplying each term of the
trinomial by -1.
6p3 6p2 + 2p 3p2 + 3p 1 Multiply. (Notice that the
subtracted 1 and the
subtracted 3p have a
positive product that is
added.)
6p3 9p2 + 5p 1 Combine like terms.

Answer

6p3 9p2 + 5p 1

ANSWER KEY

1. A
2. A
3. A
4. B

REFFERENCE CARD
http://www.purplemath.com/modules/polydiv2.htm
http://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/polynomials-divisionlong.html
http://www.ltcconline.net/greenl/courses/152a/polyExp/polydiv.ht
m