G.

CUFODONTIS

THE SPECIES OF KALANCHOE

OCCURRING IN ETHIOPIA AND SOMALIA REPUBLIC

When I started in 1957 studying the Ethiopian collections of

nr. W. KuLs & others (Frobenius-Institut, Frankfurt a. M.) I
soon realized, that it was just impossible to name correctly most
specimens of Kalanchoe by means of the available bibliography.
-This circumstance gave, like it often happens, rise to further in
vestigations. On my request I received from Kew, Florence, Ge
neva and Copenhagen a rich material, which enabled me to clear
up to a certain degree at least the Kalanchoe's of the concerned
countries, taking also in consideration their general distribution.
Not all problems, however, referring to taxonomy and nomen
clature could be solved, but I tried to approach them by suitable
remarks.
Proportions of the parts of a considerable
number of flowers were obtained by dissections
and figured in easily comparable diagrams, which
I hope will prove useful in determination-work.
For the sake of simplicity only sizes (not shapes,
hairiness etc.) were considered. The diagrams may
be explained as follows :
1 or 1' sepal. 1 : cross-line gives breadth of
calyx-lobe at its base, below cross-line connate
part of calyx. 1' : free sepal, its breadth bet
ween vertical marks on basal line.
2 corolla.
Below cross-mark its tube, above lobe, breadth of this between short
vertical marks. Position of upper stamens indicated by right half
of an anther, of lower ones by a left half.
3 nectary scale.
4 carpel. Below cross makr ovary, above style and stigma.
All vertical lines indicate lengths of the concerned parts.

Universitii.t Wien, Botanisches Institut, Wien 3., Rennweg 14, Austria.

In redazione iZ 1 ApriZe 1964.

711]

[Webbia, vol. XIX, n. 2, 1965

712

G. CUFODONTIS

Under general distribution I endevoured to give as concise

and complete records as possible. The present administrative ar
rangement of each territory was duly considered, except Somalia
Republic, of which the province border-lines could not be learned.
Ethiopia's provinces were numbered and abbreviated by me as
follows : 1. Shoa (S.), 2. Godjam (G.), 3. Beghemder (B.), 4. Eri
trea (E.), 5. Tigre (T.), 6. Wollo (W.), 7. Harar (H.), 8. .Arussi
(.Ar.), 9. Sidamo (Si.), 10. Gamu-Gofa (GG.), 11. Kaffa (K.), 12. Ilu
babor (I.), 13. Wollega (Wo.). For Kenya, Uganda and Tanga
nyika the scheme used in the Flora of Tropical East .Africa >> was
fully adopted. It is finally an agreable duty to express my best
thanks to Sir George TAYLOR (Royal Kew Gardens), Prof. FRAN
CINI-CORTI (Herbarium Universitatis Florentinae), Prof. BAEHNI
(Conservatoire et Jardin Botanique Geneve), Prof. JESSEN (Bota
nical Museum and Herbarium Copenhagen), Prof. RECIDNGER
(Naturmuseum Wien) and, last not least, Prof. GEITLER, Director
of our Vienna Institute, who all liberally supported my researches
by placing at my disposal in total several hundred sheets.
Summarizing the results of this preliminary paper, in the ter
ritories considered 18 species were ascertained, of which 9, as
far as known, are endemic, 13 are .African and 5 extend to .Arabia
and/or India ; 2 species, 2 subspecies and 1 variety were described
as new and 2 new varietal combinations made. On the other
hand several binomials were reduced to synonymy. .An elaborate
new artificial key may, it is hoped, work well for determination.
.As soon as new material will be available and time allows
this research will be continued.
Artificial key.

1 . Inflorescence consisting in 2 (or 3) slender monochasia of red flowers se

parated by internodes attaining 20 mm . . . . . . . 1 8 . K. bipartita
1 . Not corresponding to the above characters.
2. Plant strictly quite glabrous in all parts.
3. Tall plant with leaves obtuse-triangular or semiterete in cross-section.
1 6. K. bentii subsp. bentii
3. Leaves always flat, even if thick.
4. Flowers at least 60 mm long, leaves sessile, usually with purplish
or marroon spots of various shape . . . . . 9. K. marmorata
4. Flowers rarely up to 50 mm long, mostly much shorter.

KALANCHOE IN ETHIOPIA AND SOMALIA REPUBLIC

7 13

5. Leaves unknown, inflorescence very lax, paniculate-cymose, pe

duncles 2-5-flowered, pedicels 12 or more mm long, corolla total
23 mm, upper stamens included . . . . . 5. K. stenosiphon
5. Leaves sublinear, corolla total 14 mm . . 1 7 . K. angustijolia
5. Not corresponding to the charecters of species 5. and 1 7 .
6. Calyx thin, usually finely marked with purplish dots or lines,
early deciduous as a whole, often adhering to the corolla-base.
7. Calyx 1 2-3 Y2 mm long, corolla total 26-32 mm, leaves
sessile, entire, very fleshy . . . . 10. K. migiurtinorum
7. Calyx always longer, leaves petioled, variously crenate,
usually not conspicuously fleshy.
8. Corolla rarely attaining 20 mm, all stamens included,
pedicels broadened below the flowers . . . . . .
1. K. densijlora var. densiflora
8. Corolla alway longer than 20 mm, all stamens protrud
ing, pedicels not or little broadened.
9. Corolla total up to 30 mm . . . . . . . . . . .
2. K. petitiana var. petitiana
9. Corolla total up to 50 mm . . 8. K. quartiniana
6. Calyx fleshy, wrinkled in dry, without purplish dots or
marks, persistent or late deciduous as a whole, or lobes
dropping separately early or later.
1 0 . Corolla 25-35 mm in total, white or creamy, upper sta
mens protruding or, very rarely, only attaining the
throad, leaves usually with purplish or marroon spots
of various shape . . . . . . . . . . 7. K. lugardii
10. Corolla rarely attaining 20 mm in total, never white or
creamy, leaves almost never spotted.
1 1 . Corolla yellow or orange, lobes suberect, calyx per
sistent, leaves petioled subcrenate or sublobed.
12. Upper stamens included, rarely just attaining the
throad . . 4. K. glaucescens subsp . glaucescens
1 2 . Uper stamens distinctly protruding . . . . . .
4. K. glaucescens subsp. arabica
1 1 . Corolla crimson or pink, rarely rose, lobes spread
ing, leaves typically sessile, entire and spathulate,
sometimes crowded at the base of stam, calyx-lobes
mostly dropping early, upper stamens included or
protruding . . . . . . . . . . . 6. K. flammea
2. Plant not strictly quite glabrous in all parts.
13. Leaves obtuse-triangular or semiterete in cross-section, sepals inside
and corolla outside densily glandular-papillose . . . . . . .
16. K. bentii subsp . somalica
13. Leaves never like above.
14. Indumentum limited to sparse hairs on sepals and inflorescence1 . K. densijlora var. subpilosa
axes . . . . . . . . .
14. Indumentum covering at least the upper half of the plant.
15. At least lower leaves variously cleft or divided.
1 6 . Plant in dry yellowish, leaves thin with perceptible vein
net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 . K. schweinjurthii

'714

G. CUFODONTIS

1 6. Plat in dry blackish, leaves coriaceous, vein-net not visible.

13. K. rohlfsii
1 5. Leaves at most shallowly lobed.
17. Hairs short, dense, not at all and nowhere glandular, cover
ing the whole plant . . . . . . . . . 15. K. cit-rina
1 7 . All or most hairs glandular.
3. K. schimperiana
18. Corolla total up to 80 mm
1 8 . Corolla total never exceeding 30 mm.
19. All stamens usually deeply included, rarely the up
per attaining or exceptionally exceeding the throad
by half an anther, glandular hairs not very short,
covering the upper half of the plant, leaves sessile,
their bases touching and forming an angle, stems
narrowly 4-winged or quadrangular towards the base.
20. Connate part of calyx much shorter than lobes
1 1 . K. lanceolata var. lanceolata
20. Connate part of calyx subequal to or longer
than lobes, sometimes very much so . . . .
1 1 . K. lanceolata var. glandulosa
19. Upper stamens always protruding, glandular hairs
very short, covering evenly the whole plant,
stems and leaves not like above.
2 1 . Corolla total up to 30 mm, calyx up to 12 mm,
partial inflorescences rather lax, subpaniculate
2. K. petitiana var. neumannii
21. Corolla total up to 1 7 mm, calyx up to 6 mm,
partial inflorescences dense, rounded-corymbose
14. K. gloveri

1. Kalanchoe densiflora Rolfe in Kew Bull. 1919 : 263. 1919. (pi. Ill, fig. 24-30 ).
K. glaberrima Volkens in Engler, Sitz. Ber. A.kad. Berlin 40: 740.
1905, nom. nud.

K. bequaertii

De Wild., PI. Bequ. 2: 43. 1923, e diagnosi; Tous

saint in Fl. Congo Beige, etc. 2: 567. 1951.

'[K. petitiana

Andrews, Fl. Pl. Sudan, 1 : 76. 1950,

non

Richard

1847].
var.

densiflora.

ETHIOPIA. Shoa: Mt. Managasha, 2700, 28.1 1.1 954, Galla name $ amdo
hala )) , Kuls 15 (FR); Debrezeit, 1 900 m, Dec. 1957, K. Hildebrandt 52 (WU).
- Godjam: Chamoga valley nr. Debra Marcos, 2500 m, 3 1 . 1 . 1 960, Kuls 139
(FR). - Harar: Haramaya, 16.5 . 1 958, A. Getahun in IEOAMA Bj26 ( K ) ;
Chelanko, 2300 m, 27. 1 1 .1959, Mooney 8262 ( K ) . - Sidamo: Irgallem, 5700',
.30. 1 2. 1 953, Mooney 5344 (K).- Kaffa: nr. Jimma, 1 0.1 1 . 1 956, Stewart 181 ( K ).
SUDAN REPUBLIC. Equatoria: Mt. Kinelti, 10.000', 1 1.2.1929, Ohipp 83 (K) .

KALANCHO}

IN

ETHIOPIA AND SOMALIA

REPUBLIC

715

KENYA. North Turkana : Uasin Gishu, 7200', dec. 1 9 3 1 , Harvey 87 ( K ) ;

West Suk, M t . Kachakulon, 9800', febr. 1933, Champion 8 . n. ( K ) . - Rift
Valley : Eldoma Ravine, 1 898, Whyte 8. n. ( K ) ; Naivasha, 6000', 26. 1 2 . 1 9 3 1 ,
van Someren 1628 ( K ) ; Soy, Londiani and Elburgon, n o t below 6000', dec.
1932, Broadhtr8t-Hill 661 ( K ) ; Thompson's Falls, sept . 1 942, Eren8 1304
( K, PRE 27055 ) .- Central : Kibwezi in Ukambani, 1 000 m, 20.9. 1 9 10, Scheffler
440 (G) ; Nairobi, 5600', Battiscombe 442 ( K ); Limuru, 7000', 2.6. 1 9 1 8, Snowden
556 (K, h o 1 o t y p e) ; river nr. Nairobi 5700', nov. 1 932, Napier 2329 ( K ) ;
Nyeri, 6000', 18. 1 . 1 933, Napier 2584 (K). - Nyanza : Mt. Elgon, south. slope,
6700', jan. 1 936, febr. 1941, Tweedie 300, 551 ( K ) ; Fort Ternan, 8. 1 2 . 1 956,
Verdcourt .1625 (K).- Masai : Endabarra, Mau forest, 7300', 1 6. 1 . 1 946, Bally
4824 (K) ; Lemek valley in Narok distr., 15.9. 1 949, Hornby 3094 ( K ) ; Ngong
hills, 72-8000', 2 6 . 1 2 . 1 952, Bally 8471 ( K ) .- Prov. unknown : Tinderet, 25.1 1 .
1 936, Baroli 20 (TOM, F I ) .
UGANDA. Northern : M t . Debasien i n Karamoj a, 6300', 9 . 1 . 1937, Thomas
2214 ( K ) ; Mt. Moroto, 8000', march 1960, Wil8on 941 ( K ) . - Eastern : Mt.
Elgon, Bugenyanya, 50-7000', 20.2 . 1 924, Snowden 836Ja ( K ) ; Mt. Elgon road,
7000', 1 . 1 . 19 6 1 , Miller 304 ( K ) . - Prov. unknown: Chua, Eggeling 2409 ( K ).
TANGANYKA. Northern: Kilimandscharo, N O -Seite, 1 800 m, 1 5 . 1 2 . 1 933,
Schlieben 4334 (G) ; Lyamungo in Moshi distr., 4300', 1 5 . 1 2 . 1 943, Wallace
1166 ( K ) ; Ngorongoro, 7000', 20. 1 1 . 1 956, Tanner 3275 ( K ) . - Tangs : S of
Malindi in Lushoto distr., 1 800 m, 20. 6 . 1 953, Drummond &; Hem8ley 2964 ( K);
Iringa: Likanga-Hiigel in Lupembe, 1 600 m, 22.8. 1 9 3 1 , Schlieben 1128JA2 (G);
Nyombe, Milne-Redhead &; Taylor 11046 (K),
Bally l.l953 (EA).
=

var. s ub p ilosa Ouf., var. nova.

[K. brachycalyx Engler, Hochgeb. Fl.: 233. 1892, quoad Steudner

1247, non Richard 1847].
K. lentiginosa Ouf. in Senck. Biol. 39: 120, tab. 12, fig. 8. 1958.
A var. typica differt pedicellis et calycibus parce pilosis.
ETHIOPIA. Shoa: Holetta, 7 500', 8. 1 2. 1 953, Mooney 50 83 (FI) .- Beghemder :
Abbena in Ataba valley, Semien, 9 . 1 . 1 862, Steudner 1247 ( K, h o l oty p e).
CULTIVATED. Vienna Bot. Gard., 2.6. 1 896, Wettstein (WU, h o l o t y p e
of K. lentigino8a).

K. densiflora belongs to the very difficult complex of K. cre

na ta, which, as far as known, stops in Kenya not attaining Ethiopia.
Corolla-lobes are, it is true, relatively short, but by no means
shorter than in many other species. The dense partial inflore
scences and the pedicels noticeably broadened at the base of
calyx are, however, sufficient diagnostic marks for a specific dis
tinction, the more so as intermediate forms have not yet been
observed. With exception of var. subpilosa it is always quite
15.

716

G.

CUFODONTIS

glabrous in all parts. K . densiflora may be dinstinguished from

K. petitiana, besides of the features given above, by the always
included upper stamens. Outside of Ethiopia it often occurs to
gether with various forms of K. crenata, on Mt. Elgon e. g. at the
very same spot.
General distribution of the whole species: Ethiopia (1, 2, 3, 7,
9, 11), Sudan Rep. (Equatoria), Kenya (2, 3, 4, 5, 6), Uganda
(1, 3), Tanganyika (2, 3, 7), Congo Republic (Mt. Ruwenzori).
2. Kalanchoe p e titiana Richard, Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 311. 1847 ;
Schweinfurth, Beitr. Fl. Aeth. : 81. 1867; Schweinfurth & Ascher
son, Aufzahlung etc. aus dem Gesamtgebiet der Nillander, in
Schweinfurth, 1. c.: 271. 1867; Hutchinson & Dalziel, Fl. W. Trop.
Mr. 1 (1): 105. 1927 p. p. min.; Exell in Journ. of Bot. 68:
302. 1930; Chiovenda in Malpighia 34: sep. 16. 1937 ; Jacobsen,
Handb. sukkul. Pfl. 2: 841. 1954 p. p.; Cufodontis in Senck. Bioi.
39: 122, tab. 14, fig. 10. 1958. - (pl. II, fig. 12-15).
K. p etitiaesii Richard ex Jacques in Journ. Soc. Imp. et Centre
d'Hortic. 7 : 626. 1861 (sphalm.).
K. quartiniana Rich. var. micrantha Pampanini in Bull. Soc. Bot.
Ital. 190 9: 54. 1909.
var. p e titiana.

ETHIOPIA. Shoa : no locality, 1 843, Quartin-Dillon & Petit s. n. ( K ) ; no

locality, 1 848, Plowden s. n. ( K ) ; Addis Abeba, 8500', 29. 1 1 . 1953, Mooney 5024
(FI, K ) , 7800', 6 . 1 2 . 1 953, Mooney 5080 ( K ) . - Beghemder : Farasaber nr.
Gondar, 1 7 . 1 . 1 862, Steudner 1255 (K) ; :M:edania Alem nr. Debra Tabor, 23. 3 .
1 937, Pichi-Sermolli 801 (FI, K ) . - Eritrea : Embaloca nr. Mai-Eta1 i n Mt.
Soira, 2350 m, 6 . 1 2 . 1 905, Marinelli s. n. (FI, h o 1 o t y p e of K. quartiniana
var. micrantha) . - Wollo : Sanka in prov. Jedjou (
Ieggiu of Italian map),
Petit s. n . (P, h o 1 o t y p e) not seen. - Harar: Galla Pass, 7800', 22.2. 1933,
indig. name < < 1ugo . Gillett 5129 (K) ; Goba in prov. Bale, 2750 m , 1 2 . 1 2 . 1957,
Mooney 8291 ( K ) . - Sidamo : Bera camp, 14. 1 . 1955, Galla name andoha
he1e . Kuls 88 (FR ).
=

var. neumannii (Engler) Cuf., comb. nova.

K. neumannii Engler in Sitz. Ber. Akad. Berlin 40 : 745. 1906

nom. nud., in Bot. Jahrb. 39: 463. 1907; Cufodontis in Senck.
Bioi. 39: 121, tab. 13, fig. 9. 1958.
ETHIOPIA. Shoa : Between Djem-Djem and Woramboulchi, 65-9000', 9 . 10.
1926, Omer-Oooper s . n . (K) ; Djam-Djam nr. Addis Ababa, 8000', march 1 944,

KALANCIIOE

DJ

ETHIOPIA AND

SOMALIA

717

HEPUBLIC

Amhara name(< endahulla >>, Galla name (< b osoke >>, Bally 3079 (K).
Godjam :
Chabi, N of Debra Mareos, 2800 m, 25.1.1960, Kuls 131, 132, 133 ( F R ) ; Mts.
Choke, nr. upper Ghiedeb valley, 1 0 . 000', 8.8. 1957, Evans in Oambr. Exp.
-

475 ( K ) .- Sidamo : Uatadera between Djam-Djam and lake Abera, 22-2400 m

(= Uatha-Dera,
prob . Ara-Terra of Italian map), dec. 1900, Neumann 8.Z
(B t, h o l o t y p e) not seen ; Bera camp, 1 4. 1 . 1955, Galla name (< endoha
hele>>, I{uls 89 (FR) . - Gamu-Gofa: Mts. GugM, 8- 1 0000', dec. 1948, Soott 180 (K).
=

The close relationship of this species to the K. crenata-complex

is evident and, like occasionally occurs in this, the flowers some
times are flushed with pink or purple. Calyces are thin and soon
deciduous like in K. densiflora. It can be easily recognized by
the protruding styles and upper stamens. The fine pubescence
on the upper face of corolla-lobes is difficult to observe and may
not be constant. Var. neumanni differs from the type merely by
a general short glandular indument, which resambles very
much that of K. schimperiana. Of Kuls' specimens 131, 132, 133,
all collected at the same spot, the first one shows but traces of
indument and clearly is an intermediate between type and va
riety. RAYJ\IOND-HAMET in 1908, followed by PAMP.ANINI 1909
and BERGER in ENGLER & PR.ANTL 1930, believed K. neumanni
to be a synonym of K. schimperiana on account of the peculiar
indument, but ENGLER had already in 1907 stated, that its
flowers are half as large as in the latter.
General distribution : Endemic in Ethiopia (1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 10).
3.

Kalanchoe schimperiana Richard, Tent. Fl. Aeth. 1 : 310. 1847 ;

Schweinfurth & Ascherson, A_ufzahlung etc., in Schweinfurth,
Beitr. Fl. Aeth. : 271. 1867; Britten in Fl. Trop. Afr. 2: 391.
1871; Engler, Hochgeb. Fl. trop. Afr. : 231. 1892; Schweinfurth
in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 4, App. 2 : 198. 1896; Giirke in Notizbl.
Berlin 1: 8. 1895; Raymond-Hamet, Monogr.: 38. 1908, excl.
syn. K. neumannii; Pampanini in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 190 9: 56,
1909, excl. syn. cit.; Engler, Pflanzenw. Mr. 1 (1): 109, 126. 1910;
Fiori in N. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 19: 446. 1912 ; Engler, Pflanzenw.
Afr. 3: 285. 1915; Berger in Nat. Pflanzenfam., 2. ed., 18/a:
405. 1930, excl. syn. cit.; Hutchinson in Bot. Mag. tab. 9623.
1941, excl. syn. cit.: Jacobsen, Handb. sukkul. Pfl. 2: 849. 1954,
excl. syn. cit. - (pl. I, fig. 3).

718

G.

CUl'"ODONTIS

[Cotyledon deficiens Hochstetter & Steudel in sched. impr. Sehim

peri iter Abyss. I/388. 1840, non Forsk. 1775].
ETHIOPIA. Beghemder : Ghaba Hochtal in Semien, 14. 1 . 1 862, Steudner
1254 ( K) . - Eritrea : Plateau of Kohaito, 26-2700 m, 1 . -10.5. 1 894, Schweinfurth
244 (K) ; Golo in Soira - plateau, 1 740 m, 4 . 1 2. 1 905, Dainelli & Marinelli
s. n. (FI) ; Casca ss
e, between Adi-Caieh and Senafe in Acchele -Guzai, 2550 m,
1 3 . 3 . 1 909, Fiori 1053 (FI ) .
Tigre : Mt . Semayata, 22. 1 2. 1 837, Schimper 388
(P, h o 1 o t y p e , not seen, W, Fl, G, K, i s o ty p e s) ; Ana-Mazo, 1 862,
Schimper 704 (K).
-

Except forK. marmorata this is the second bigflowered species,

clearly distinguished by its dense glandular indumentum. As to
its actual distribution, according to ENGLER 1892, this fine species
was collected also in SE-Beghemder near Gaffat (Steudner 1248),
but must be excluded from Arabia, because Ghaba Hochtal n is
in Semien and not in Arabia, as believed by HuTCHINSON in 1941.
It seems to be endemic in Ethiopia, but K. schliebenii Werder
mann in Notizbl. Berlin 12: 385. 1935 from Tanganyika 6, Mts.
Wuguru, Schlieben 3996 (B, h o l o t y p e , P, i s o t y p e) in the
description differs only by glabrous stems and leaves and may
be conspecific.
General distribution : Ethiopia (3, 4, 5), Tanganyika (6).
4. Kalanchoe glaucescens Britten in Fl. Trop. Afr. 2

393. 1871 ;
Engler, Hochgeb. Fl. trop. Afr.: 232. 1892; Penzig in Atti Congr.
Bot. Genova: 340. 1893; Gtirke in Notizbl. Berlin 1: 6. 1895;
.Schweinfurth in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 4, App. 2: 201. 1896; Engler
in Ann. Ist. Bot. Roma 9: 251. 1902; Senni in Boll. Orto Bot.
Pal. 4: 12. 1905; Engler in Pflanzenw. Afr. 1 (1): 117, 121, 122,
127. 1910; Andrews, Fl. Pl. Sudan 1: 76. 1950.- (pl. Ill, fig. 31-39).
K. holstii Engler in Pflanzenw. Ostafr. C: 189. 1895.
K. raagnidens N. E. Brown in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 37 : 370. 1905.
K. marinellii Pampanini in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1909: 52. 1909;
Fiori in N. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 19: 446. 1912.
K. beniensis De Wild., Pl. Bequ. 2: 42. 1923 e diagnosi ; Tons
saint in Fl. Congo Beige etc., 2: 566. 1951.
[K. crenata Broun & Massey, Fl. of Sudan: 69. 1929, non (Andr.)
Haworth 1812].
:

KALANCHO:i<

IN

l<:TH I

OPIA AND

SOM ALIA REPUBLIC

719

subsp. glaucescens
SOMALIA HEPUBLIC. North: Mohn, 4500', 1 1 .8. 1 957, Somali name wan
tarod >>, Newbold 844 ( K ) .
ETHIOPIA. Eritrea: Acrur, 1900 m, 1 1 . and 24.3. 1 892, Schweinfurth &;
Riva 1076, 1692 ( K ) ; Between Saati and Ghinda, 29.4. 1 892, Terraccia1w 60
(FI); cult. in Florence Bot. Gard. , from Eritrea, 24. 7 . 1901, H. B. Fl. 16670
(FI ) ; 1\iahio on the river Baddas, 1 250 m, 1 4 . 1 2 . 1 905, Dainelli &; Marinelli
8. n. (FI, h o 1 o t y p e of K. marinellii); Mt. Bizen in Hamasen, nr. Nefasit,
2000 m, 2 1 . 1 .1909, Fior'i 1053 (FI); Mescillit Pass, 4300', 2 1 .3. 1 949, Bally
6673 ( K ) .- Tigre: Musana, 1 862, Schimper 724 ( K , h o 1 o t y p e of K. glau
cescens) . - Wollo: Dschadscha (
Jaja), 5-6000', 22. 10. 1 854, Tigre name
dochata >>, Schimper 539 (FI, G) . - Sidamo: Valley E of Mts. Amaro, 445200', 1 5 . 1 2 . 1952, Amhara name<< andohaihile >>, Gillett 14746 (K, Fl).- Gamu
Gofa: Lake Hudolf to Barco, march 1 9 1 0, Gockburn 8. n. ( K ) .
SuDAN REPUBLIC. Red Sea: Erkowit, 14.5. 1 907, Hadendowa name < < har
fifoit >>, Broun 1141 ( K ) .
KENYA. North Turkana: Marich Pass, 4000', jan . 1 934, Mortimer 207 ( K ) ;
West Suk, Sigor road, 3400', 28. 1 1 . 1960, Symes 653 ( K ) . - Rift Valley: Baringo,
3400', march 1901, John8ton 8. n. ( K ) . - Nyanza: Kisumu, 3650', febr. 1 9 1 5,
Dummer 177jG ( K ) . - Province unknown: 1\ibagathi (Y), 6000', 1 5.3. 1 93 1 ,
Napier 815 ( K ) ; Brit. E ast Afr., Scott-Elliot 8 8 ( K ) .
UGANDA. Western: Mbarara, 4500', cult. i n Nairobi, Gardner 3238 (K) ;
Kamwezi in SE-Kigezi, 5000', july 1 949, Purseglove 2991 ( K ) . - No locality,
1904, cult. in Kew Gard. 20. 1 . 1905, Dawe s. n. (K, h o l o t y p e of K. ma'J
nidens).
TANGANYIKA. Lake: Between Mwanza and Musoma, 4000', 1 8 . 7 . 1 950,
Verdcourt 2900 ( K ) . - Northern: Kilimanjaro, apr. 1 893, Smith s . n.fa ( K ) .
Tanga: Vudea valley in Mts. Pare, 2800', 29.6. 1 942, Greenway 6502 ( K ) :
Maschaua in Usambara, j uly 1 893, Holst 8811/a ( K, i s o t y p e of I(. holstii).
=

subsp. arabica Cuf. , subsp. nova.

A subsp. typica in Africa vigente differt staminibus superioribus

e corollae tubo exsertis.

ARABIA. Yemen: Wolledje in Djebel Melhan, 600 m, 1 8. 1 . 1 889, hab.
name schjeh >>, Schweinfurth 669 (C) ; Ussil, 1 400 m, 6.2. 1 889, Arab. names
meh >, scho-uss >>, Schweinfurth 1156 (WU, h o l o t y p e , G, C,
isoty
p e s ) ; Below Menacha, 1900 m, 26.2. 1 889, Arab . names scheh >, schjech ,
Schweinjurth 1611 (C).

The synonyms here first accepted show characters well fitting

into the limits of a reasonable variability. It seemed me useful
to segregate the Arabian specimens with protruding upper stamens
as subspecies, while all African specimens have included ones.

720

G.

CUFODONTIS

For a further subdivision we want more material. Verdcourt 2900

(K) from Tanganyika (1) have purple-magenta marks in the si
nuses of leaf-margin, so approaching K. lugardii, which must be
fairly close related. The question about wether and how it may
be distinguishable from K. flammea is not yet ripe for a definite
answer, but the two are doubtless at least very near allied. This
problem will be dealt with again in the discussion of K. flammea.
There is further a regrettable confusion concerning the type
specimen, the sheet in question namely carries portions of two
different plants. Between two inflorescences clearly belonging to
K. glaucescens can be seen a piece of stem with 2 leaves bearing
each a pubescent shoot in the axil. To this must be referred
BRITTEN's wording stem... occasionally with elongate ascending
pubescent branches and this part certainly belongs to K. lan
ceolata. So the type is a mixture of two species and therefore
according to art. 63 and 66 of I.N.B.N. the name K. glaucescens
could be rejected, the more so as the true part consists only of
two leafless stems with faded flowers. Nevertheless for the time
beeing I prefer not to do so.
General distribution of the whole species: .Arabia (Yemen), So
malia Republic (North), Ethiopia (4, 5, 6, 9, 10), Sudan Republic
(Red Sea), Kenya (2, 3, 5), Uganda (2), Tanganyika (1, 2, 3),
Rwanda-Burundi, Congo Republic (Lakes Edouard & Kivu).
5. Kalanchoe ste nosiphon Britten in Fl. Trop. Afr. 2: 395. 1871;
Engler, Hochgeb. Fl. trop..Afr.: 232. 1892; Hutchinson & Bruce
in Kew Bull. 1941: 88. 1941.
(pl. I, fig. 8).
-

ETHIOPIA. Tigre:

der 726 (K, h

Serriro, 1862, Schimper, Pl. Abyss. ex Tigre vel Begem

t y p e ).

The type specimen is very scanty, without leaves and its

flowers are all over. The following new measurements slightly
differ from the original description: calyx lobes 6.5 x 1.5 mm,
corolla total 23 mm, lobes 7.5 x 2 mm, upper stamens reaching
1 mm below the mouth of tube, lower 1.5 mm below the upper,
ripe carpels 10 mm, styles 2 mm, nectaries 3.5 mm. .As stated
in the diagnosis pedicels are about as long as flowers and the

KALANCHOE IN ETHIOPIA AND SOMAUA REPUBLIC

721

inflorescence is in outline a very lax panicle of poor cymes.

The

narrowness of the corolla-tube alluded to by the specific name is

due to twisting and by no means peculiar for this species. I sup
pose that K.

cescens
classici

stenosiphon

is hardly more than a variant of K.

with longer flowers and looser inflorescence.

The

of both are close beside each other in Tigre.

glau

loci

To clear

up definitely the status of this taxon would be necessary to exa

mine the specimen

Gillett 4905

from Buramo, Somalia North, pro

vided its determination is right.

6.

General distribution:

Ethiopia (5), ' Somalia Republic (North).

Kalanchoe flammea

Stapf in Kew Bull. 1895:

266.

1897;

Hooker fil. in Bot. Mag. tab. 7595. 1898; Engler in Sitz. Ber.
.Akad. Berlin 10: 403. 1904; Drake-Brockman, Brit. Somaliland,
.App. 4 : 291. 1912; Berger in Nat. Pflanzenfam, 2. ed., 18/a:
406. 1930; Chiovenda in Malpighia

35:

33. 1939; Bailey, Man.

Cult. PI. : 467. 1949; Jacobsen, Handb. sukkul. Pfl.

2:

826. 1954;

Parey's Blumengartn. 1 : 722. 1958. - (pi. Ill, fig. 40-46).

SOMALIA REPUBLIC. North : Somaliland, no locality, later cult. in K ew

Gard., july 1 897, Oole & Lort-Phillip8 8. n., (K, h o l o t y p e ) ; Sheikh Pass,
july 1903, Thom8on 77 (K) ; Buran, 3000', 6 . 1 0 . 1 929, Warsanghele name
trad , Oollenette 131 ( K ) ; Gan Libah in Golis Range, 48-5400', 7 . 7 . 1945,
Somali name (( mantarar >>, Glover & Gilliland 1225 ( K ) ; Tabat nr. Erigavo,
7600', 8 . 8 . 1 952, Somali names<( mantarrar >>, <( wantarrar , <( mantarrad >>, wan
tarrad , Tribe 9 (K ); Gaan-Libah, 5 1 00', 30. 10. 1 954, Bally 10223 ( K ); Daloh,
N. of Erigavo, 66-6900', cult. in Nairobi, Bally 10287 (K) ; Mt. Surud, W. of
Erigavo, 75-7700', 30. 10. 1 956, Bally 11288 (K ) ; Yafir to Al-Medu, 6000',
6.8. 1957, Somali name marode lugud , Newbould 808 (K ) . - North-East:
North Migiurtinia, region of Bahaia, Boga-Aled, S. of Candala, summer 1 953,
Migiurtin name berjero > > , Scortecci 8. n. (FI) ; Dardar, same date, Scortecci
8. n. (FI) ; Giurasamo, same date, Migiurt. name (( berjer , Scortecci 8. n. (FI );
Uar-Medo, same date, Scortecci 8. n. (FI) ; Dizindir, 13.7. 1 953, Scortecci 8. n .
-{FI ) ; North Migiurtinia, region of Habeno, 900 m, 14.9. 1 957, Migiurt. name
berioro , Scortecci 8. n. (FI) ; region of Abal, 28.9 . 1 957, Scortecci 8. n. (FI ) .

The cited specimens show a wide range of variability.

There

is a noticeable discrepance between the weak and low ones e. g.

Tribe 9, Bally 10287 and 11288 and the thickstemmed and big
Scortecci. Not a single differential character
between K. flammea and K. glaucescens is, unfortunately, reliable

leaved collected by

in all cases. The last has, it is true, for the most part persistent

722

G.

CUFODONTIS

sepals and long petioles, while in the first sepals mostly fall
off earlier and leaves are sessile, but these differences are too
vague for an unequivocal distinction.
But not enough, there is a puzzling question more concerning
the name of this taxon. It is not unlikely the same as K. al
ternans (Vahl) Persoon, Syn. 1 : 446. 1805; DO., Prodr. 3: 395.
1828 ; Haworth in Phil. Mag. 6 : 304. 1829 ; Schweinf. in Bull.
Herb. Boiss. 4, .App. 2 : 201 . 1896 ; Defiers, Voy. Yemen: 137.
1889 ; Schwartz, Fl. trop. .Arab. : 79. 1939 (Synonyms : Cotyledon
orbiculata Forskal, Fl. .Aeg.-.Arab. : OXII. 1 7 75, nom. nud.,
non L. 1 7 53 ; Got. alternans Vahl, Symb. 2 : 51 . 1791 , non Haworth
18 1 9 : Verea alternans Sprengel, Syst, 2: 260 . 1825). Its h o 1 o
t y p e is Forskal 690 (0) from Haes, Yemen, there called cho
dardar ,,, a poor fragment with 1 leaf and 1 flower, which I have
seen. SCHWEINFURTH's description agrees well with the original
one of VAHL; he points out, that this species is characterized by
thick swollen roots and basal clusters of leaves . .All that har
monizes with the smaller specimens of K. flammea cited above.
The following specimens were referred toK. alternans by SCHWARTZ:
Schweinfurth 1426, Deflers 305, 444, 1090, Rathjens 333, Wissmann
2029, 2173, all from Yemen and .Aden Protectorate. I hope to
succeed in getting some of them on loan for examination. Then
the problem could be resolved.
General distribution : Somalia Republic (North, North-East),
'.Arabia (Yemen, Aden).
7 . Kalanchoe lugardii Bullock in Kew Bull. 1932 : 489 . 1933 ;
Jacobsen, Handb. sukkul. Pfl. 2 : 834. 1954. - (pl. II, fig. 18-21,
pi. III, fig. 22-23 ) .
K. robynsiana Raymond-Hamet i n Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux., 19 :
438, fig. 40 . 1949 , e diagnosi; Toussaint in Fl. Congo Beige etc.,
2: 563. 1951 ; Jacobsen, Handb. sukkul. Pfl. 2: 847 . 1954.
ETHIOPIA. Harar : El- Obo in N.Ogaden, 855' N, 4230' E, 1 942, later
cult. in Nairobi Gard., Jackson in Bally 6341 (K ) .
KENYA. Northern : Moyale, 4750', 3.9. 1 953, Bally 9107 (K ); between Ru
muruto, Maralal and Suquta-Marmar, march 1 955, cult. in Torino, Piovano
s. n. (TOM, WU) . - North Turkana : West Suk, Ortum, Marich Pass, 3500',
dec. 1958, Tweedie 1775 (K ) . - Rilt Valley : Mt. Elgon, 65-7500', nov. 1 930,
Lugard 115 (K, h o l ot y p e ); Visoi (
Eldalat), oct. 1932, Graha.m LC 975
=

KALANCHOE IN

ETHIOPIA AND

SOMAJ.TA REPUBLIC

723

(3024) (K) ; Eldoret distr., 7500', 1 7. 1 . 1948, Bickford in Bally 6253 (K ) ; Mt .

Elgon, Japata estate, 2 1 50 m, 1 8 .2 . 1 948, Hedberg 52 (K ) ; Tot in K erio valley,
3700', 1 9 . 3 . 1 9 6 1 , Bally 12339 ( K ) .- Central: Narro Morru river, 6000', 1 . 8 . 1 932,
Napier 2185 ( K ) ; Nairobi, cult. in .Arboretum, 5500', aug. 1 945, Adamson in
Bally 4615 ( K ) ; Ngobit in Mt. K enya Highlands, 6500', 22.4. 1 952, cult . Bally
9000 (K ) . - Nyanza: Usa in Gishu Plateau and Transnzoia, dec. 1 9 1 8, Dowson
643 (K ) ; Mt . Elgon, 65-7500', 1933, Ind. name koseruet >>, Jackson 413 (K ) ;
Sakwa in Centre Nyanza, 1 1 . 10. 1956, Padwa 461 (K ) ; 1-Ir. Elgon, Nzoia, 6700',
1 3. 1 1.1957, Symes 245 (K ) . - Masai : top of Lorgasailie, 5700', 2 . 8 . 1 943,
Bally 2630 (K ) .
UGANDA. Northern: K amion i n K aramoja., 5000', 8. 1 1 . 1 939, Thomas 3244
(K) ; Karamoja, Mecho forest in Mt. Debasan, 6600', 9 . 1 . 1 937, Thomas 2232/a
(K) ; K aramoj a, top of Mt . Napak, 6000', 23. 1 . 1957, Tepeth name namini
kyo (k) >>, Dyson-Hudson 132 (K ) .
TANGANYIKA. Northern: Mbulu Escarpment., below .Aitjo, 6000', 2.7. 1 956,
Bally 10627 (K ) ; Oldoinyo Sambu, 6000', march 1 958, Bally 12005 (K ) . Tangs: Suji in Pare distr., 5000', aug. 1 928, Haarer 1672 (K ) . - Eastern: Mo
rogoro, 2000', cult . .Amani, 1 5 . 7 . 1 936, Greenway 4604 (K ) . - Iringa: Mt .
Mbeya, cult . in K yimbila, 1 360 m, 10.9. 1 9 10, Stolz 261 (W, C, K ) .

This handsome species shows a remarkable variability in size

of flowers and particularly in size, shape and consistence of the
leaves, in which one can know two trends: towards broad spathu
late, sessile, coarsely dentate and towards peltate leaves with
slender petioles. There are also intermediate forms on the way
to the latter with auriculate or cordate leaves. One of them was
described as K. mitejea Lebl. & Hamet 1913. According to the
description, K. robynsiana Raym.-Hamet 1949 can not be more
than an unusually largeflowered form of K. lugardii, e. g. like
Bally 4615 from Nairobi. Dark spots or stripes on the leaves,
often in the sinuses of crenatures, mostly are present. It is doubt
less next related to K. glaucescens, which, however, can easily be
distinguished by much minor heigth, smaller and never white
flowers and, at least within Africa, by included upper stamens.
The obviously very complicated intraspecific structure can not yet
be seen through and requires a particular investigation. The single
specimen so far collected in Ethiopia is quite typical. I included
in the above list only specimens reasonably agreeing with by type.
General distribution : Ethiopia (7), Kenya (1-6), Uganda (1),
Tanganyika (2, 3, 6, 7 ) , Congo Republic (Haut Katanga).
8. Kalanchoe quartiniana Richard, Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1 : 311 . 1847 ;
Schweinf. & Aschers., Aufzahlung etc. in Schweinf., Beitr. Fl.

724

G. CUFODONTIS

Aeth.: 271. 1867; Britten in Fl. Trop. Air. 2: 391. 1871; Engler,
Hochgeb. Fl. trop. Mr. : 232. 1892; Schweinf., Abyss. Pfl. Na
men, in Abh. Preuss. .Akad. Wiss. Berl.: 57. 1893; Raymond
Hamet, Monographic, in Bull. Herb. Boiss., 2. ser., 8: 27. 1908,
excl. syn. K. dyeri; Pampanini in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1909: 55.
1909 ; Engler, Pflanzenw. Air, 3: 285. 1915, excl. syn. cit.; Chio
venda in Malpighia 5 : 35. 1929, non Espl. Uebi-Sceb. : 403. 1932 ;
Berger in Nat. Pflanzenfam., 2. ed., 18/a: 405. 1930, excl. syn.
cit.; Hutchins. & Bruce in Kew Bull. 1941: 88. 1941; ? Senni
in N. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 58: 457. 1951 et? 59: 67. 1952 ; Jacobsen,
Handb. sukkul. Pfl. 2: 846. 1954, excl. syn. cit.; Chittenden, Bot.
Mag. Index: 135. 1956, excl. syn. cit.; Parey's Blumengartn. 1:
723. 1958, excl. syn. cit. - (pi. II, fig. 10-11).
ETHIOPIA. Tigre : Amba Sea, 1 862, Schimper 953 (K) ; prob. the same
collection, under Schimper << 326 (235/199) >> (W, WU, FI). - No locality,
1 86 1 , Parkyns s. n. (K).

The h o 1 o t y p e is Quartin-Dillon s. n. (P) from May-Goua

goua in Tigre (little water-course near Adowa). Also recorded
from Shoa, Wollo, Harar and Kaffa, but specimens not seen by
me. This species can best be defined as a K. petitiana with flowers
attaining 50 mm and more of total length. Outside of Ethiopia
there are two species, which for the time beeing may better not
be taken for synonyms, but certainly are very approaching. The
first is K. dyeri N. E. Brown in Gard. Chron. 1904, 1: 354. 1904
and in Bot. Mag. tab. 7987. 1904, detected by J. McCLUNIE 1902
in Nyasaland and cultivated in Kew Gard., where it flowered in
apr. 1904. RAYMOND-HAMET 1908 considered it without any hesi
tation to be identical to K. quartiniana, and most authors after
him accepted this view. It seems not to have been collected a
second time. The other is K. peteri Werderm. in Fedde's Rep.
Spec. Nov. 39: 271. 1936, likewise described from a cultivated
plant, flowering in the Gottingen Garden, first collected by PETER
in Tanganyika. Of this I could examine specimens cultivated in
the Copenhagen and Vienna Bot. Gard. (0, WU).
Here are probably also referable the following:
TANGANYIKA. Northern: Hills at Oldongo, 25. 6 . 1 938, cult. in Pretoria
Bot. Gard. aug. 1 940,. Erens .1013 (K). -----,. Tanga : I"ake Thawi, 5700', 13.6.1942,

KALANCHOE

IN

ETHIOPIA AND

SOMALIA

REPUBLIC

725

Moreau 9064 (K ). - Western(!): Mountains opposite Zanzibar, 1884, only

empty envolope, Kirk 360 (K ) on the same sheet with Schimper 953 and
Parkyns s. n.

Both K. dyeri and K. peteri differ from K. quartinianamainly

by the thicker, late deciduous calyx, apart from other less impor
tant discrepancies. The question requires comparison with richer
material. The following indigenous names have been recorded:
Jimma endahaula , endoilla , Galla Pass << lugo , Tigrinia zada
dokhota >>.
General distribution : Ethiopia (1 , , 5, 6 ?, H, 11 ?), Tanga
nyika (2, 3, 6 ?), ' Nyasaland.

9. Kalanchoe marmorata Baker in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 12: 300.

1892; Penzig in Atti Congr. Bot. Genova : 340. 1893; Hooker in
Bot. Mag. tab. 7333. 1894; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 4,
App. 2: 198. 1896; Terracciano in Boil. Orto Bot. Palermo 1,
App. 3 : 20. 1897; Senni in Boil. 0. B. Pal. 4: 12, 1905; Raymond
Hamet, Monographie, in Bull. Herb. Boiss., 2. ser., 8 : 28. 1908 ;
Engler, Pflanzenw. Afr. 1 (1): 119. 1910; Fiori in N. Giorn. Bot.
Ital. 19 : 446. 1912; Engler, Pflanzenw. Afr. 3: 285. 1915; Berger
in Nat. Pflanzenfam., 2. ed., 18/a: 405. 1930; Chiovenda, Espl.
Uebi-Sceb.: 403, 1932 : Cufodontis in Miss. Bioi. Borana 4 : 54.
1939; Fiori in N. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 47: 30. 1940; Bailey, Man.
Cult. PI.: 466. 1949; Pichi-Sermolli in Miss. Lago Tana 7/1: 266.
1951; Toussaint in Fl. Congo Beige et Ruanda-Urundi 2: 563.
1951; Jacobsen, Handb. sukkul. Pfl. 2: 835. 1954; Parey's Blu
mengartn. 1 : 723. 1958. - (pl. I, fig. 1-2).
K. macrantha Baker, loco cit. 300, in textu. 1892.
K. grandiflora Richard, Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 310. 1847, non Wright
& A.rnott 1834; Britten, Fl. Trop. A.fr. 2: 392. 1871; Engler,
Hochgeb. Fl. trop. A.fr.: 232 : 1892 ; Schweinf., Abyss. Pflan"
zennam. : 57. 1893; Sprenger in Gartenfl. 42: 513, tab. 1394,
1893; Giirke in Notizbl. Berlin 1 : 6. 1895; Engler in Annu.
Ist. Bot. Roma 9: 251. 1902; Engler in Sitz. Ber. Akad. Ber
lin 10: 387, 394. 1904 and 40: 740. 1906.
K. somaliensis Baker in Kew Bull. 1895: 214. 1895; Hooker fil.
in Bot. Mag. tab. 7831. 1902 ; Engler in Sitz. Ber. Akad. Ber
lin 10 : 403. 1904; Drake-Brockman, Brit. Somaliland : 289,

726

K.
K.
K.
K.

K.

G.

CUFODONTIS

1912 ; Berger in Nat. Pflanzenfam., 2. ed., 18/a: 405. 1930;

Hutcbins. & Bruce in Kew Bull. 1941 : 88. 1941; Bailey, Man.
Cult. PI. : 466. 1949; Jacobsen, Handb. sukkul. Pfl. 2: 850.
1954; Parey's Blumengiirt.n. 1: 723. 1958.
kelleriana Scbinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 4: 814. 1896; Engler
in Sitz. Ber. Akad. Berlin 10 : 397. 1904.
grandiflora var. angustipetala Engler in .Annu. Ist. Bot. Roma
9: 251. 1902.
marmorata var. maculata Terracciano ex Senni in Boll. Orto
Bot. Palermo 4 : 12. 1905.
marmorata forma somaliensis (Baker) Pampanini in Bull. Soc.
Bot. Ital. 1909 : 53. 1909.
rutshurensis Lebrun & Toussaint, Expl. Pare Nat. .Albert, Miss.
Lebrun, 1: 289. 1947, nom. nud.; Robyns, Fl. Spermat. Pare
Nat. .Albert 1 : 228. 1948, in obs.

SOMALIA REPUBLIC. North: Dscherato (

Jerato), 1891, Keller 176 ( K,
is o t y p e of K. kelleriana) ; Wardie in Golis Range, 1894-95, Oole &; Lort
Phillip8 8. n. (K, h o l o t y p e of K. 8omalien8i8); Golis Range, 1905, Drake
Brockman 216 ( K); Shimba Beris in Surud Range, 6000', 27 . 1 2.1929, Ishaak
name << muntarah >>, Oollenette 406 (K) ; Hargeisa, 4200', 26.9. 1 932, Indig. names
* waharabifiye >>, << kabogo >>, Gillett .4068 (K) ; Eri-Dohoo near Eriga.vo, 1 1 .7.
1 945, Indig. name < < matarerr >>, Glover &; Gilliland 960 (K ) ; Mait Escarpment,
S of Surud and W of Erigavo, 3 1 . 1 0 . 1 956, Bally 11294 ; Tabah road, 4400',
29. 7 . 1 957, Indig. names << motararh >>, << tararh >>, Newbould 703 (K).
ETHIOPIA. Eritrea: Mt. Lalamba near Keren, 1891, cult. in La Mortola
Gard. 1 892, Penzig 8. n. ( K, h o l o t y p e of K. mannorata) ; Scimezana, Golo
in Soira plateau, 2730 m, 4.-5. 1 2 . 1 905, cult. in Florence Bot. Gard. 1 909,
Dainelli &; Jlarinelli 8. n. (FI) ; Mt. Bizen in Hamasen, above Nefasit, 2100 m,
21 . 1 . 1 909, and cult. in Florence Bot. Ganl. 1913, Fiori 1051 (l<' I ) . - Harar:
Harar, no time, I. v. Szy8zilowitz 8. n. (W); Ogaden Desert, 30. 1 2. 1 892, Riva
904 (140) (};'I); Between Harar and Addis Ababa, 1 898, Wellby 8. n. ( K) ;
Amaressa near Harar, 2000 m, 1 1 . 1 1 . 1 959, Tade8se Abeba in IEOAriA 65 (K) .
- Arussi: Carra Pass, 8000', 26. 1 2. 1 953, jJ!Iooney 5300 (K, FI) ; Neghelli,
1980 m, 9. 1 0 . 1 959, Mooney 8181 (K ) . - Sidamo: Mega Mt., 6300', 17. 1 1 . 1 952,
Gillett 14291 ( K, Fl); same locality, 7.9. 1 953, Bally 9123 (K).
SuDAN REPUBLIC. Equatoria: summit of Mt. Tomadur near Abyssinian
border, 5, :8' N, 8.9.1941, .Myer8 14049 ( K).
KENYA. Northern: desert, no locality, 1 6 . 2. 1 951, later cult. in Nairobi
Gard., Hancoclc 162 (K) ; Furroli, 6300', 20.9. 1 952, Gillett 13957 (K); Sirwan
in Ndoto Mts., 8000', 1. 1 . 1 959, Newbould 3584 (K). - Central: Nairobi distr.,
no time, Gardner 1390 (K). - Masai: Ngong, 6000', june 1 933, Napier 2678 ( K).
=

This is perhaps the finest species all over .Africa, outstanding

by the size of its white or rose-flushed flowers and, in the most

KALANCHOE IN ETHIOPIA AND SOMALIA

HEPUBUC

727

cases, by the beautiful spotted sessile leaves. It can be conceived

as a giant K. quartiniana, is also very similar, except in the calyx,
to K. dyeri and may so mark the final point of a line of develop
ment. K. tnarmorata cannot, it is true, be easily mistaken for
another species, but in Kenya und N.-Tanganyika have been col
lected specimens, which for the time beeing cannot simply be
referred here and must be studied in detail. 1'he distinction of
K. somaliensis based on cylindric instead of 4-angled corolla tube
seems too vague, but apart from that, variability in the size of
the flower-parts is relevant. I found e. g. in 4 specimens the fol
lowing values: calyx total 6, 10, 15, 23 mm ; corolla total 68, 8f),
114, 120 mm ; corolla lobes 13 x 4, 17 x 9, 25 X 12, 20 x 7.5 mm ;
carpels with styles 46, 70, 95, 96 mm ; nectaries 4, 9, 10, 6 mm.
Thence it follows that increase of values is uniform for all parts.
General distribution : Somalia Republic (North), Ethiopia (1, 4,
7-9), Sudan Republic (E-Equatoria), Kenya (1, 4, 6), Congo Re
public (Lakes Edouard and Kivu).
10. Kalanchoe migiurtinorum Cuf., sp. nova. - (pl. I, fig. 6-7).
Planta glaberrima, alta usque ad 60 cm et forsan ultra. Caules teretes,
internodiis in caulis parte inferiore approximatis, in superiore usque ad 8 - 1 0 cm
elongatis, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis vel late spathulatis, crasse coriaceis,
integris, sessilibus, 30-45-50-90 mm longis et 25-20- 1 5 - 1 2 mm latis. Iuflorescen
tia sat dense cymosa, 10- 1 5 cm lata et alta. Flores in monochasiis internodiis
5 - 1 0 mm longis sejuncti, stricte erecti, bracteis minutissimis, pedicellis 5-8 mm
longis. Calycis laciniae potius tenues, 1 . 5-3 .5 mm longae, basi 1 mm latae,
angustissime cohaerentes, sursum sensim attenuatae, acutae, calyx totus mox
deciduus. Corolla alba vel flavescens, basi sat inflata, tubo conspicue angustato,
tota 26-32 mm longa, laciniis lanceolatis 6-7 x 2.5-3 mm. Stamina superiora
inclusa vel faucem breviter superantia, ab inferioribus (inter antherarum apices)
1 . 5-2-3 mm distantia. Capella matura 16-18 mm longa stylis articulatis 5-7 mm
longis. Squamae lineares, tenues, 4.5-5.5 mm lo. Semina brunnea. opaca, lon
gitudinaliter sulcata, % mm vix superantia.
SoMALIA REPUBLIC. North-East: Migiurtinia, Shol-plateau, 84 km from
Dudo to Scusciuban, 2 7 . 1 2 . 1953, fl., G. Merla, A. Azzaroli &; V. Fois s. n.
(FI); costal plain in region of Sagaleh, near Bender-Beila, fl., 8 . 1 . 1 954, same
collectors s. n. (FI ) ; region of Bur-Tohihoi, fl., 31 . 1 .1954, same collectors s. n.
(FI, h o 1 o t y p e) .

This new species seems t o some extent related t o K . bentii,

but there are remarkable differences between them. The specimen
choosen as holotype has the shortest calyx, the longest corolla

728

G.

CUFODONTIS

and included upper stamens. It must attain at least 60 cm in

height, because the lowest internodes of the snaped off stem are
about 3 cm long. The other specimens are complete, except the
root, and total 35-55 cm in height. Leaves are considerably vary
ing in shape and size and, like in K. jlammea, crowded at the base
of stems, beeing there separated by internodes of but 5 mm.
As all flowers are faded we must be anxious to see specimens in
full blossom.
General distribution : so far endemic in north-eastern Somalia
Republic.
11. Kalanchoe lanceolata (Forsk.) Persoon, Syn. 1: 446. 1805 ;
DC., Prodr. 3 : 395. 1828; Haworth in Phil. Mag. 4: 304.
1829; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 4, App. 2 : 202. 1896 ;
Sacleux in Bull. Mus. Paris 14: 244. 1908; Raymond-Hamet in
Bull. Herb. Boiss., 2. ser., 8 : 32. 1908; Engler, Pflanzenw. Afr.
1 : 121, 122, 136. 1910 ; Fiori in N. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1 9 : 446.
1912; Engler, Pflanzenw. Afr. 3 : 285. 1915; Burtt-Davy, Man.
Fl. PI. Transv. 1 : 144. 1926 ; Hutch. & Dalziel, Fl. W. Trop.
Afr. 1 : 105. 1927; Berger in Nat. Planzenfam., 2. ed., 1 8/ a : 406.
1930; Chiovenda in Malpighia 5 : 33. 1939; Cufodontis in Miss.
Bioi. Borana 4 : 54. 1939; Schwartz, Fl. trop. Arab. : 79. 1939;
Hutch. & Bruce in Kew Bull. 1 941 : 88. 1941; Andrews, Fl. PI.
Sudan 1 : 79. 1950; Toussaint in Fl. Congo Beige, etc. 2: 5 64.
1951; Brenan in Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 8: 435. 1954; Jacobsen,
Handb. sukkul. Pfl. 2 : 832. 1954 ; Keay, Fl. W. Trop. Afr., 2. ed.,
1 : 118. 1954; Morton in Comptes Rend. 4. Reun. AETFAT: 292,
map 2. 1962. - (pl. IV, fig. 47-59).
Cotyledon lanceolata Forsk., Fl. Aeg.-Arab.: 89. 1775.
K. pubescens R. Brown, List etc. in Salt, Voy. to Abyss.: 64 .
1814, nom. nud.
K. floribunda Wight & Arn., Prodr. Ind. 1: 359. 1834; Hooker &
Thomson in Jour. Linn. Soc. 2: 91. 1858; Drury, Handb.
Ind. Fl. 1 : 479. 1864; Clarke in Hooker, Fl. Brit. India, 2:
414. 1878.
Verea floribunda (W. & A.) Dietrich, Syn. 2: 1328. 1840.
K. brachycalym Richard, Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 312. 1847; Britten
in Fl. Trop. Aft. 2: 396. 1871; Engler, Hochgeb. Fl. trop.

KALAN CHOE IK ETHIOPIA AND SOMALIA REPUBLIC

K.

K.

K.
K.

K.
K.

K.
K.

K.
K.
K.
K.

729

Air. : 233. 1892, excl. Steudner 1247 ; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb .

Boiss. 4, App. 2: 202. 1896, in textu; Engler in Annu. Ist.
Bot. Roma 9: 252. 1902; Engler in Sitz. Ber. .Akad. Berlin
1 0: 381. 1904 and 4 0: 729. 1906; Chiovenda, Espl. Uebi
Sceb. : 403. 1932; Pichi-Sermolli in Miss. Lago Tana 7/1: 47.
1951.
modesta Kotschy & Peyr., Pl. Tinn. : 18. 1867.
glandulosa Hochst. ex Rich. var. benguelensis Engler, 1. c. :
133. 1892.
crenata Haw. var. collina Engler, Pflanzenw. Ostafr. C : 189.
1895, pro parte max.
goetzei Engler in Bot. Jahrb. 3 0: 312. 1901, e diagn.
diversa N. E. Brown in Gard. Chron., ser. 3., 32: 210. 1902 ;
Hutch. & Bruce in Kew Bull. 1941 : 88, 1941.
brachycalyx var. erlangeriana Engler in Sitz. Ber. Akad. Berlin
1 0: 389. 1904, nom. nud.; Chiovenda, Espl. Uebi-Sceb.: 403.
1932, nom. nud.
ellacombei N. E. Brown in Kew Bull. 1 912 : 329. 1912, e diagn.
homblei De Wild. in Fedde's Rep. 12: 298. 1913; idem in
Ann. Soc. Scient. Brux. 38: 12. 1914 et 4 0: 88. 1921; idem,
Contr. Fl. Katanga: 65. 1921.
homblei forma reducta De Wild. in Ann. Soc. Scient. Brux.
3 8 et 40, loc. cit.; Contr. Fl. Kat. loc. cit.
laciniata (L.) DC. var. brachycalyx (Rich.) Chiovenda, Result.
Miss. Stefanini-Paoli: 75, 1916.
gregaria Dinter in Fedde's Rep. Sp. Nov. 1 8: 433. 1922, nom.
seminud.
glandulosa Hochst. ex Rich. var. rhodesica Baker fil. ex Rendle
in Journ. of Bot. 7 0: 91. 1932, nom. nud.
var. Iance olata
Calycis pars connata laciniis multo brevior.

INDIA. Maisor and Carnatic, no time, Tlwm8on 8. n. (W, C, Fl) ; no locality

and time, K. v . Hugel 2950 (W) .
ARABIA. Yemen : Cahim, 1 837, Botta 8. n. (G) ; Wolledje in Djebel Melhan,
1 8. 1 . 1 889, Arab. name herg >>, Schweinfurth 6 95 (WU, C) ; Uossil, 1 400 m,
8.2 . 1 889, Arab . name herg >>, Schweinfurth 1 91 9 (G) ; Kurma, 1 763, For8kal
s. n. (C,
h o l o t y p e of Cotyledon lanceolata) not seen .

730

G.

CUFODONl'IS

SoMALIA REPUBLIC. North: Somaliland, no locality, june 1 895, Lort

Phillip8 8. n. (K ) , and cult . in K ew Gard. , 26.4. 1 902, same collector s. n. (K ,
h o l y p e of K. diversa) ; Hargeisa, 4300', 1 0 . 1 0 . 1 932, Gillett 4235 (K) ; Ma
dishe in distr. Erigavo, 4500', 1 1 . 1 1 . 1 952, Vernac. name<< tanet >>, Tribe 24 (K ) ;
Erigavo escarpment, 1 5 . 1 2 . 1 954, Popov 1154 (K ) .
ETHIOPIA. Shoa: Lakes o f .Addas, 6700', 1 .4 . 1 924, Omer- Gooper 8. n. (K ) .
Eritrea: Surroundings o f .Acrur, 1 900 m , 1 5 . 3. 1 892, Schweinfurth &; Riva
1352 (K ) . - Tigre: Mai Of, 2. 1 1 . 1 862, Schimper 637fb (K ) . - Arussi: Lake
Ellen, 1958, K. Hildebrandt 52fa (WU ) .
SUDAN REPUBLIC. Blue Nile: Fazogl, no time, F,igari 8. n. ( l<' I ) ; forests
of White River ( = White Nile) , no time, Figari 8. n. (FI) . - Equatoria: Bongo
( = Pongo river) in region of Dembo, W of Bahr Ghazal, nov. 1 863, He uglin 42
(W, h o 1 o t y p e of K. mode8ta); Djur, .Abu Guruni, 10.5. 1 869, Schweinfurth
1831 (K ); Imatong M:ts . , Katire, Thallanga forest, 3000', 1 6 . 1 2 . 1 935, Thomas
1604 (K ) .
KENYA. Northern: Dandu, 26- 3800', 7.4. 1 952, Somali name < < bobi >>, Gil
lett 12719 (K ); Moyale, 3600', 7 . 7 . 1 952, Boran name bosoke , Gillett 13519
(K , FI); Lowaweregoi in distr. Samburu, 4500', 1 5 . 1 2 . 1958, Newbould 3240 (K).
North Turkana : Moribos, 4000', jan. 1 934, Mortimer 276 (K ); West Suk,
Ortum, Marich Pass, 3500', dec. 1958, Tweedie 1774 (K ) . - Central: Nairobi,
aug. 1 903, Whyte s. n. (K ) ; K ibwezi in Ukambani, 1000 m, 16 .6 . 1 906, Scheffler
165 (W, K ); Nairobi, 2 1 . 7 . 1 9 5 1 , Verdcourt 563 (K ); Nairobi, near Coryndon
Museum, 20.6. 1 952, Willia,ms 457 (K ); Nairobi river, 5500', 1 2 . 8 . 1 955, Verdcourt
1005 (K , F I ) .
lasai: 5 miles N of K ajiado, 5700', 30. 6 . 1 956, Bally 10601 (K).
UGANDA. Northern: Moroto, dec. 1 958, Wilson 542 (K ); K angole in K a
ramoj a, 4000', apr. 1960, Wilson 942 (K ) ; Murchinson Falls Park, near Paraa
Lodge, 2500', 1 6. 1 2 . 1 960, Miller 238 (K ) . - Eastern: 6th day march from
Mumias, 1 898, Whyte s. n. (K ); Mbale, 3500', 1 9 1 5, Snowden 191 (K ) ; Buga
bula in distr. Busoga, 2 miles N of K agulu rock, 3 1 00', 26. 1 . 1 9 5 1 , Wood 215 (K ) .
TANGANYIKA. Lake: Ushola near Songwa i n distr. Shinyanga, 3900',
19.6. 1 9 3 1 , Burtt 3312 (K ) . - Northern: Tarangire river in distr. Mbulu, 4.4. 1959,
Mahinda 535 (K ) .
Tanga: Kwa-Mshuza in Usambara, aug. 1 892, Holst
8907 (W, G, K , i s o t y p e s of K. crenata var. collina) ; Pangani, Mkwaja on
Msangazi stream, 2.9. 1 955, Tanner 2117 (K ) . - Iringa: Above Iliangelo river,
5000', july 1 953, Garmichael 226 (K ) .
Southern: Lutamba lake, 40 km W
of Lindi, 250 m, 4.9. 1 935, Schlieben 5247 (G) .
MozAMBIQUE . Niassa: Mainland, Cap Cabaceira grande, july 1 887, Paulay
(W. ) . - Tete: Middle Zambezi, Chuore on river Mutatadzi, june 1 8 9 1 , Meny
harth 1007 (W, WU); Zambesi, no locality and time, Gzimmermann s. n. (WU ) .
ANGOLA. Bie: between the rivers K utsi and K ubango, 1 300 m , 6 . 5 . 1 900,
Bawm 895 (W) .
SouTH-WEsT-A:f'RICA. Grootfontein: Okaputa, 24.4. 1922, D,inter 3491 (C).
-

var. glandulosa (Hochst. ex Rich.) Cuf., comb. nova.

K. glandulosa Hochst. ex Richard, Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1 : 312. 1847;

Schweinf., Beitr. Fl. Aeth. : 81 and Aschers. & Schweinf.,
Aufzahlung, n Schweinf. loco. cit. : 271. 1867 ; Britten in Fl.
Trop. Afr. 2: 396. 1871 ; Clarke in Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 : 414. 1878;

KAJ,ANCHOE

IN

ETHIOPIA AND SOMALIA REPUBLIC

7:H

Engler, Hochgeb. Pl . trop. Afr.: 233. 1892; Penzig in A.tti

Congr. Bot. Genova: 340. 1893 ; Schweinf., Abyss. Pflanzen
namen: 57. 1893 ; Engler, Pflanzenw. Ostafr. C: 189. 1895 ;
Giirke in Notizbl. Berlin, 1: 8. 1895 ; Engler in A.nnu. Ist.
Bot. Roma, 9: 252. 1902 ; Cooke, Bombay Fl. 1: 466. 1902;
Engler & Gilg in Warburg, Kunene-Sambesi Exp.: 242. 1903;
Engler in Sitz. Ber. A.kad. Berlin, 10: 381, 397. 1904 ; Pax
in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 3 9: 621. 1907 ; Durand, Syll. Cong.: 193.
1909; Rendle in Journ. of Bot . 7 0 : 90. 1932.
K. ritohieana Dalzell in Hook. Journ. of Bot. 4 : 346. 1852 ; Dal
zell & Gibson, Bomb. Fl. : 105 . 1861 ; Drury, Handb. Ind .
Fl. 1 : 480 . 1864 .
Calycis pars connata laciniis aequilonga vel longior.
INDIA. No locality and time, K. v . H ugeZ 2490 (W).
ETHIOPIA. Eritrea: Sasaga in Hamasen, nov. 1 8 6 1, Steudner 1251 (K ) ;
Nefasit in Hamasen, 1 700 m, 20.1.1 909, Fiori 1055 (FI). - Tigre: Dschelad
scheranne (
Djeladjekanne) near Tacazze river, 1 2. 1 1 . 1 839, Schinper 904
(W, FI, K , i s o s y n t y p e s of K. gZanduZosa) ; 1\iai Of, 2 . 1 1.1 862, Schimp er
637/a (WU ) . - Wollo: Dschadscha (
Jaja), 6000', 2. 1 1. 1 854, Tigre name
dochata >>, Schimper 541 (W, FI).
KENYA. lUasai: Ngong, j une 1 934, Napier 6220 (K ).
UGANDA. Northern: K aramoja distr., K aabong in Dodoth county, 5000',
17.9. 1 950, Dawkins 641 (K ) .
TANGANYIKA. Lake: Naabi Hill i n Musoma distr. , 5900', 1 1.4. 1 9 6 1, Green
way &; Turner 10022 (K ) ; same locality, 5000', 2 . 6. 1 9 6 1, Greenway 10360 (K ) ;
same locality, in Serengeti Plains area, 1 0 . 6 . 1 96 1, Greenway 10374 (K ) .
Western: Lake Kwela in Ufipa distr. , 5 1 00', 5 . 7 . 1950, Bullock 2976 (K).
Central: Sambala on Wamkuma hills in distr. K ondoa, 5500'. 1.7. 1929, Burtt
2008 (K ). - lringa: Idodi area, june-july 1936, Ward 2 (K ) .
=

This species i s very distinctive and not likely t o b e mistaken.

In addition to the characters cited in the key, the styles are un
usually short and the flowers are orange, often flushed with red.
The most striking feature concernes the calyx, which is amazingly
variable both in total lenght and in the proportion between con
nate portion and lobes. For the time beeing it seemed advisable
to take into account, even if somewhat technically, only the se
cond point. The var. glandulosa was long known to exist in India,
western Deccan, there first named K. ritohieana. But, as could
be expected, we have now evidence that also typical K. lanoeolata
16.

732

G.

CUFODON TlS

with nearly free sepals occurs in India, where it had been col
lected a very long time ago and described as K. floribunda Wight
& .Arn. 1834. So the whole species ranges from India as far as
Mali Republic and South-West-.Africa, an area not matched by
any other .African species.
Besides those already recorded, the following vernacular names
must been added : Tigre (Ghinda) gadil , Somali (Daba-Bur )
{( bibile , Somali (Hargeisa) mantera , .Arabian (Kurma) home
det-er-robah .
Summing up all specimens both seen by me and trustworthy
recorded, we find the following general distribution : India (Dec
can), .Arabia (Yemen), Somalia Republic (North, South), Ethiopia
(1-9), Sudan Republic (Blue Nile, Equatoria), Kenya (1, 2, 4, 6),
Uganda (1, 3), Tanganyika (1-5, 7, 8), Mozambique (Niassa, Tete),
Nyasaland (Kota-Kota, Chikwawa), Congo Republic (Haut Ka
tanga), N-Rhodesia (South), S-Rhodesia (West), perhaps Trans
vaal, .Angola (Bie, Benguela, ? Huila), South-West-.Africa (Groot
fontein, Windhoek), Nigeria (North), Ghana (Shai), Mali (Balani).

12. Kal anchoe s chweinfurthii Penzig in .Atti Congr. Bot. Genova:

341. 1893; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 4, .App. 2 : 199. 1896 ;
Engler in Pflanzenw. .Afr . 1 (1) : 119, 121, 122. 1910. - (pl. IV,
fig. 60-63).
[K. laciniata Wight, Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 3/4 : 15, tab. 1158.
1846; .Auct. Florae .Afr. omnes et Fl. Indicae pro parte, non
(L.) DC. 1802].
INDIA. Coimbatur, febr. 1 849, Wight 957 (W, Fl, G, C).
ETHIOPIA. Eritrea : Gheleb, 1891, Penzig 8. n. (GE t, h o l o t y p e ) not
een ; Mai Dibela on E -slope of Mt . Bizen, 2200 m, 9.5. 1 892, Schweinfurth &

PLATE I
1-2. K. marmorata : 1. Somalia N, Tabah road, Newbould
703 (K) ; 2. Eth. 4, Mt. Bizen, Fiori 1051 (FI) . - 8. K. schimperiana : Eth. 5,
Mt. Semayata, Schimper 388 (W, G, Fl, K, i s o t y p e s) . - 4-5. K. bentii :
4. Hadramaut, Kerfoot 3088 (K) ; 5. Somalia N, Milishi, Peck 4274 (K, h o l o
.t y p e of subsp. 8omalica) .
6-7. K. migiurtinorum : 6. Somalia NE, Bur
Tohihoi, Merla, .Azzaroli & Foi8 8. n. (FI, h o l o t y p e) ; 7. Scusciuban, M.,
A. & F. 8 . n. (FI ) . - 8. K. stenosiphon : Eth. 5, Serriro, Schimper 726 (K,
h o l o t y p e ) . - 9. K. gloveri : Somalia N, Molidere, Glover & Gilliland 787
(K, h o 1 o t y p e) . - Enlargement 2.5 X .
-

KALANCHOE

1--- -- "'I

lN

ETHIOPIA AND

--

--- -

SOMALIA

REPUBLIC

-t

)(

"

"

)(

Plate I

733

G. CUFODONTIS

734

Riva 2266 (K ) ; Dongollo near Ghinda in Amasen, 2.4. 1 902, Pappi 4521 (G).
Sidamo : Valley E. of Mts. Amaro, 44-5200', 1 5. 1 2. 1 952, Gillett 14745 (K, FI) ;
Finchoa on Yavello road, 5800', 8. 1 . 1 954, Mooney 54 85 (K ).- Kaffa : Jimma,
7. 3. 1 958, comm. Siegenthaler X/3 (K ). - No locality, 1 848, Plowden s. n. (K ) .
ANGOLA . Huilla : n o locality, 1 860, Welwitsch 24 82 (G) prob . here, leave>
lacking.

On account of their deeply lobed or partite leaves, this and

the next species were till now named " K. laciniata " by almost
all authors of the African Flora. It must be emphasized, that
the true K. laciniata _is a perfectly glabrous species of Chinese
origin, with long divergent sepals and protruding upper stamens.
It seems to have never been found in a wild state neither in Africa
nor elsewhere, it is or was, however, often cultivated for ornament,
e. g. in Egypt, from where LINNE received the type of Cotyledon
laciniata by him described in 1753. K. schweinfurthii cannot even
be regarded as allied to K. laciniata, because it actually approches
very much K. lanceolata, which differs mainly and only by the
leaf-shape. Therefore leafless specimens cannot be named reliably.
The Indian specimens are practically indistinguishable, having
only somewhat longer sepals and perhaps (always ) narrower leaf
lobes. It was a calamity when RAYMOND-HAMET in 1908 lumped
nearly 50, to a great extent good species under K. laciniata. Now
we have much trouble to extricate them again and all records
under " K. laciniata " are of no use, unless the cited specimen:;;
can be checked. So far we have no knowledge whether and where
K. schweinju1thii actually occurs in Africa outside of Ethiopia.
We may suppose it could arise from K. lanceolata by polytope
origin and if this guess could be proved, they ought to be united
and subsequently divided in adequate intraspecific units.
PLATE II
10-11. K. quartiniana : 10. Eth. 5, Amba Sea, Schimper 953
(W, FI, K ) ; 11. Tanganyika 3, Lake Thawi, Moreau 9064 (K ) . - 12-15. K. pe
titiana : 12. Eth. 2, Chabi, Kuls 132 (F R, var. neumannii) ; 13. Mts. Choke,
Evan8 4 75 (K , var. neumannii) ; 14. Eth. 3, Debra Tabor, Pichi-Sermolli 801
(K ) ; 15. Eth. 4, Embaloca, Marinelli 8. n. (FI, h o l o t y p e of K. quartiniana
var. micrantha). - 16-1 7 . K. rohlfsii : 16. K enya 6, K ajiado road, van Someren
21 1 1 (K ) ; 1 7 . Tanganyika 2, Ngorongoro, Bally 22 89 ( K ).
1 8 21 K. lugardii :
1 8. Kenya I, Rumuruto, Piovano 8. n. (WU, TOM) ; 1 9. Kenya 3, Kerio valley
Bally 12339 (K ) ; 20. Eldoret, Bickford in Bally 6253 ( K ) ; 21. Mt. Elgon,
Hedberg 52 (K ). - Enlargement 2. 5 x .
-

735

KALANCHOE I N ETHIOPIA AND SOMALIA REPUBUC

. I

12

14

15

l
10

11

I
I

"i
ill

13

19

u
Plate l i

"i
u

21

736

G.

CUFODONTIS

General distribution : India (Deccan), Ethiopia (4, 9, 11), per

haps Angola (Huila).
13. Kalanchoe rohlfsii Engler in Annu. Ist. Bot. Roma, 9 : 252 .
1902; Engler in Sitz. Ber. Akad. Berlin, 10: 380 . 1904. - (pl. II ,
fig. 16-17).
SoMALIA REPUBLIC. North : Borama (
Buramo), 22. 10. 1 957, Bally 11 91 8
(K), scrabby, doubtful.
ETHIOPIA. Eritrea : Katz (
Kazen,
Kasen,
Coazien of Italian map ) ,
1 5 k m N. of .Asmara, 2450 m, Rohlf8 & Stecker 8. n. (B t. s y n t y p e) not
seen. - Sidamo : Hamar-Burgi, Riva 1586 (B t, s y n t y p e) not seen.
KENYA. Northern : Banas (
Banissa), Riva. 21 9 (Bt. s y n t y p e) not
seen. - Central : Lukenya, 5700', 1 . 12. 1 932, Napie1 &; Miss Y 2350 (K). Masai : Kajiado road in Ngong distr., 7000', july 1 932, van Someren 2111 (K) ;
N. of Kajiado, 5700', 30. 6 . 1 956, Bally 10602 ( K ) .
TANGANYIKA. Northern : Ngorongoro crater, Lion ridge, 5000', apr. 1941,
Bally 2289 ( K ) . - Central : Gulwe near Mpwapwa, later cult. in .Amani,
1 0 . 7 . 1931 , Greenway Hf16f30f14 ( K ) .
=

This very peculiar species differs from the preceding by dens e,

short, less glandular indument and thicker leaves, which in drying
turn blackish. As to the name it would be necessary to compare
at least one of the syntypes, which, as far as keeped in Berlin,
surely were destroyed in 1943, but isosyntypes may exist in Flor-

PLATE Ill - 22-23. K. lugardii : 22. Eth. 7, El-Obo, Jack8on in Bally

6341 (K) ; 23. Kenya 3, Mt. Elgon, Lugard 115 (K, h o l o t y p e). - 24-30. K.
densiflora : 24. Eth. 7, Haramaya, Getahun in IECAMA Bj26 ( K ) ; 25. Eth. 9,
Irgallem, Mooney 5344 ( K ) ; 26. Cult. i n Vienna Bot. Gard. (WU, h o l o t y p e
of K. lentiginosa) ; 27. Kenya 4, Limuru, Snowden 556 (K, h o l o t y p e) ;
28. Tanganyika 2, Kilimanj aro, Schlieben 4334 (G) ; 29. Tang. 7, Likanga hills,
Schlieben 1128fA 2 (G) ; 30. Eth. 3, Semien, Steudner 124 7 (K, h o l o t y p e
of var. 8Ubpilo8a) . - 31 -39. K. glaucescens : 31. Somalia N, Mohn, Newbould
844 ( K ) ; 32. Eth. 4, Haddas river, Dainelli &; Marinelli 8. n. (PI, h o l o t y p e
of K. marinellii) ; 33. Eth. 6, Jaja, Schimper 539 (PI, G) ; 34. Sudan, Erkowit,
Broun 1141 (K) ; 35. Uganda, Dawe 8, n. (K, h o l o t y p e of K. magnidens) ;
36. Tanganyika 2, Kilimanjaro, Smith 8. n . fa (K) ; 37. Tang. 3, Mts. Pare,
Greenway 6502 ( K ) ; 38. Usambara, Hol8t 8 811/a (K, i s o t y p e of K. holstii) ;
39 .Arabia, Ussil, Schweinfurth 1156 (WU, h o l o t y p e of subsp. arabica) . 40-46. K. flammea : 40. Somalia N, no locality, Cole &; Lort-Phillip8 8. n .
(K, h o l o t y p e ) ; 41. Mts. Golis, Glover &; Gilliland 1225 (K) ; 42. Erigavo,
Tribe 9 ( K ) ; 43. Yafir-.Al Medu, Newbould 808 (K) ; 44. Mts. Surud, Bally
11288 ( K ) ; 45. Somalia NE, Dardar, Scortecci s. n. (FI) ; 46. Giurasamo, Scor
tecci s. n. (FI) . - Elargement 2.5 x .

KALANCHOE

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AND SOMALIA

I
35

I I

I I

Plate Ill

737

REPUBLIC

738

G,

CUFODONTIS

ence or elsewhere. The structure of flowers is fairly similar

to that of K. citrina and also to a certain degree of K. schwein
furthii. We want more comparisons to get a better idea about
this.
General distribution : Somalia Republic (North) not without
doubt, Ethiopia (4, 9 ) , Kenya (1, 4, 6), Tanganyika (2 , 5 ).
14.

Kalanchoe gloveri Cuf., sp. nova. - (pl. I, fig. 9 ) .

Herba succulenta, verosimiter usque a d 1 m alta, ubique, floribus inclusi>

sed caulis parte inferiore excepta, pilis glandulosis brevissimis dense vel den
sissime vestita. Caules teretes, deorsum glabrescentes, medulla molli repleti,
internodiis superioribus 5 cm et ultra longis. Folia fragmentis tantum male
nota videntur lobata, in petiolum angustata, prorsus glanduloso-pubescentia,
basibus petiolorum intervallo sejunctis. Inflorescentiae partiales sat dense
corymboso-cymosae, ambitu subsemiglobosae, usque ad 10 cm latae et 6 cm
altae. Bracteae subulatae, minutae, breviores quam pedicelli acute angulati,
4-5 mm longi. Calycis lobi acuminati fere liberi, 6 mm longi, basi 1 mm lati,
persistentes usque ad fructificationem. Corolla lutea, concolor, tota 1 5- 1 7 mm
longa, lobis sublanceolatis, acutis, usque ad 5 mm longis et medio 2.5 mm
latis. Staminum superiorum apices 1 mm e fauce corollae emergentes, ab
inferiorum apicibus 3 mm distantes. Carpella matura usque ad 10 mm longa,
in stylos basi articulatos 1 mm longos abeuntia. Squamae filiformi-lineares,
2.5-3 mm longae.
SOMALIA REPUBLIC. North : lolidere, 29. 1 . 1 945, Somali name
mait >>, Glover & Gilliland 787 (K, h o l o t y p e).

marge

PLATE IV
4 7 - 5 9 . K. lanceolata : 47. India, no locality, H iigel 2950
(W) ; 48. Yemen, Mt. Melhan, Schwfth. 695 (WU, C ) ; 49. Somalia N, no lo
cality, Lort-Phillips s. n. (K, h o l o t y p e of K. diversa) ; 50. Madishe, Tribe
24 (K) ; 51. Eth. 4, Acrur, Schwjth. & Riva 1352 ( K ) ; 52. Sudan, Mts. Ima
tong, Thomas 1604 (K) ; 53. Tanganyika 8, W of Lindi, Schlieben 5247 (G) ;
M. Angola, Kutsi to Kubango, Baum 895 (W) ; 55. SW-Africa, Okaputa,
Dinter 3491 (C) ; 56. Eth. 5, Djeladjekanne, Schimper 904 (W, FI, K, i s o s y n t y p e s of K. glandulosa) ; 57. Uganda, Karamoja, Dawkins 641 (K,
var, glandulosa) ; 5 8. Tanganyika 1 , Musoma distr., Greenway 10360 (K, like
above ) , ; 5 9. Tang. 5, Kondoa distr., Burtt 2008 (K, like above ) .
60-63. K.
schweinfurthii : 60. India, Coimbatur, Wight 957 (W, G, C, FI) ; 61. Eth. 4,
nr. Ghinda, Pappi 4521 (G) ; 62. Eth. 9, E of Mts. Amaro, Gillett 14745 (K, FI) ;
63. Angola, Huila, Welwitsch 2482 (G).
64-6 7. K. citrina : 64. Yemen,
below Wossil, Schwfth. 1831 (WU, i s o t y p e) ; 65. Eth. 9, Mega, Gillett 14319
(K) ; 66. Kenya 1, Moyale, Gillett 14105 ( K ) ; 67. Kenya 2, West Suk, Tweedie
1773 ( K ) .
68. 1{. bipartita : Somalia S, Hididle to Ramagudu, Paoli 674
(FI, h o l o t y p e).
Enlargement 2.5 x .
-

K A LANCTIOE

IN

ETHIOPIA

AND

SOM ALIA

7 39

REPUBLIC

68

Plate IY

740

G.

CUF'ODONTIS

Although nothing is known about habit and almost nothing

about leaves, there will surely not met with difficulties in re
cognizing this species in future. .As to its next affinity any state
ment would be premature. Resemblances in some floral characters
to K. petitiana var. neumannii seem to be merely fortuitous and
not due to relationship.
General distribution : endemic in northern Somalia Republic.
1 5 . Kalanchoe citrina Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 4, .App. 2 :

199. 1896; Raymond-Hamet, Monographie, Bull. Herb. Boiss.

8 (1) : 35. 1908; Engler, Pflanzenw. Mr. 1 (1) : 129. 1910; and
eodem loco 3 (1) : 285. 1915; Berger in Nat. Pflanzenfam., 2. ed.,
18/a: 406. 1930; Schwartz, Fl. trop. .Arab. : 79. 1939; Hutch. &
Bruce in Kew Bull. 194 1 : 88. 1941; Jacobsen, Handb. sukkul.
Pfl. 2: 822. 1954. - (pl. IV, fig. 64-67).
K. citrina var. erythraeae Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 4, .App. 2:
200. 1896.
ARABIA. Yemen : below Uossil, Wadi Chuoiet and Wadi Hadjan, 12- 1400 m,
5.2. 1889, Schweinfurth 1 831 (WU, i s o t y p e of K. citrina) .
SOMALIA REPUBLIC. North : Upper Sheikh, 4-5000', nov.-dec. 1 903. ; Thom
son 78 ( K ) .
ETHIOPIA. Sidamo: Mega, 6600', 1 7 . 1 1 . 1 952, Gillett 1431 9 (K, FI).
KENYA. Northern: Mathews Range, Dunyus, 6000', 25.6. 1 944, Derobo
name masiligi , Joy Rally in Rally 3605 ( K ) ; Moyale, 3300', 25. 1 0 . 1 952,
Gillett 14105 ( K ) ; Lowaweregoi in Samburu distr., 4500', 1 5 . 1 2 . 1 958, Newbould
323 8 ( K ) .
North Turkana : Suk, 5000', j an. 1934, llfortimer 205 ( K ) ; West
Suk, Ortum, Marich Pass, 3500', dec. 1 958, Tweedie 1 7 73 ( K ) .
Central :
Kitui distr. , 1 mile from Kangonde to Embu, 8.5.1 960, Napper 166 2 ( K ) .
-

The s y n t y p e s of var. erythraeae, Schweinf. 1808 from

Mt. .Alam-Kale near .Aidereso, 1800 m, and 2079 from Mt. Bizen,
1Iogod valley, 1400 m, may exist in G. This species differs from
all others by the peculia1 general indument of dense, short, pointed,
never glandular hairs and by very short pedicels of the lemon
yellow flowers. .As already SCHWEINFURTH remarked, the lower
leaves often are deeply incised-dentate and show clearly a ten
dency to become partite so approaching in this regard K. schwein
furthii an K. rohlfsii. Likewise not glandular but much longer
hairs have in .Africa also K. pilosa Baker 1895 from North. Rho -

KALANCHOE

IN

l<] THIOPIA

AND

S O M ALIA

REP UBLIC

7U

desia and K. pentheri Schlechter 1897 from N.-Transvaal, to the

first of which may perhaps be referred Gillett 15123 (K) from
Marsabit, Kenya(l) and Hamrnond 103 (K) from Iramba, Tan
ganyika (5). These two are not identical neither to K. citrina
nor to K. lanceolata and deserve further comparison.
.An additional Somali name is mantera in Hargeisa.
General distribution : Arabia (Yemen), Somalia Republic (North ),
Ethiopia (4, 9), Kenya ( 1, 2, 4).
16. Kalanchoe bentii Wright ex Hooker in Bot. Mag., tab. 776f> .
1901. - (pl. I, fig. 4-5).
K. teretifolia Defiers in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 40: 299, tab. 3-5 .
1893, non Haworth ex Wallich 1831 ; Raymond-Hamet, Mo
nographie, in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7 : 885. 1907; Berger in Nat.
Pflanzenfam, 2. ed., 18/a: 405 . 1930 ; Schwartz, Fl. trop. Arab. :
78. 1939; Jacopsen, Handb. sukkul. Pfl. 2: 853. 1954.
K. deflersii Gagnepain in Lecomte, Not . Syst . 3: 221. 1916 .

subsp. bentii.
Planta prorsus glabra.
.ADEN PROTECTORATE. Hadramaut : Raidat-al-Maarah, 5000', apr. 1 9 6 1 ,
Kerfoot 30 8 8 (K) ; Bilad-Fodhli i n Djebel Nachai, 7 0 0 m, Defiers 500 ( P , h o 1 o t y p e of K. teretfolia) not seen ; no locality and year, Bent s. n . , later
cult. in Kew Gardens (K, h o 1 o t y p e of K. bentii) not seen .

subsp. s omalica Cuf., subsp. nova.

Differt a subsp. typica sepalis intus et corolla extus dense
glanduloso-papillosis.
SoMALIA REPUBLIC. North : Milishi in Erigavo distr., 1 943, Warsangheli
name o dar-der > , Peck 4274 (K, h o l o t y p e of subsp. somalica) ; Medeshi,
E. of Erigavo (prob. the same locality), 5. 1 1 . 1 954, BalZy 10355 ( K ) .

There are at least two specimens more collected by Bally,

which I did not seen : 11198 (K) from Dayaha, 15 miles WSW
of Erigavo, and 11743 (K) from northern slope of Mt. Gaan-Libah,

742

G.

CUFODO:;"TIS

about 250 km distant from Erigavo. These very probably belong

also to the subsp. somalica and if so, this would be distinct also
by disjunct area.
A second iliican species was described as having likewise
sausageshaped leaves: K. dangeardii Raym.-Hamet 1916 from
Angola, Ambaim, Gossweiler 4477 (BM, h o l o t y p e). Remem
bering the cases of K. rotundifolia Haw. and the genus Kissenia
(Loasaceae) it would not be astonishing, if K. dangeardii proved
to be conspecific.
General distribution : Arabia (Aden, Hadramaut), Somalia Re
public (North).
17. Kalanchoe angustifolia Richard, Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 313. 184 7 ;
Schweinf. & Ascherson, Aufzahlung, in Schweinf., Beitr. Fl. Aeth.:
271. 1 86 7 ; Britten in Fl. Trop. Afr. 2 : 392. 1 8 71 ; Engler, Hoch
geb. Fl. trop. Afr.: 232. 1892.
E THIOPIA . Tigre : Chire, Quartin-DiUon

s. 11 .

(P, h

t y p e).

I have seen the type specimen in P. and recorded for corolla

total lenght 14 mm, carpels 10 mm and styles 2 mm, but I do
not remember other details. This species, declared by the author
himself to be one of the best characterized of the genus, must be
studied thoroughly again.
General distribution : known only from the type locality.
1 8 . Kalanchoe bip artita Chiovenda, Result. Miss. Stefan.-Paoli:
75. 1916.
(pl. IV, fig. 68).
-

SoMALIA REPUBLIC. South : Between Hididle and Ramagudu, 43 E , 2 N,

o 1 o t y p e) .

1 9 1 3, Paoli 674 (FI, h

This quite aberrant species is easily recognizable by the match

less structure of its inflorescence. It cannot be compared with
l;l,ny other species, at least in Africa, and has to be looked upon
as an outstanding endemit of Somalia.
General distTibution : known only by the type specimen.

KALANCHOE IN ETHIOPIA AND SO MAIIA REPUBLIC

GE OGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION

! I

I I

I
I

s s I l "g . l o j 11 1 1l

. .0 Cil .g Ol ,d
I 1 I
----- --

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.

petitiana
sch1mperiana
glaucescens
stenosiphon
flammea
lugardii
quartiniana
marmorata
migiurtinorum
lanceolata
schweinfurthii
rohlfsii
gloveri
citrina
bentii
angustifolia
bipartita

g,

al

00 _: i : i :
Y

I
.

'

1I

+ +

:::l

I,

iY

+++ + + I + :1I:1_: 1' + I'1_: _: :11

+ + +++ + + +I + 1! l + I 1 I
+ + + +I+ I +
++ ++ + + 1I + II + I
+++ + +++ + + I + + + 1 + + + I --. + + +
+ + I! +
I + t' + + I
++
!1

l . densiflora

,d

I '

INDEX OF NAMES
Synonyms are printed in italics, names merely cited in text
are between brackets.
(K. alternans)
K. angustifolia
K. beniensis
K. bentii
subsp . somalica
K. bequaertii .
K. bipartita . . . . .
K. brachycalyx . . . .
var. erlangeriana
K . citrina
0

722
742
718
741
741
714
742
728
729
740

K. citrina var. erythraeae

(K. crenata)
K . crenata var. collina
( K . dangeardii)
K. deflersii
Cot. deficiens
K . densiflora
var. subpilosa
K. diversa
(K. dyeri)
0

740
715
729
742
741
718
7 14
715
729
724

744
K . ellacombei

K . flammea
K . floribunda
Verea floribunda
K. glaberrima
K . glandulosa
var. benguiilensis
var. rhodesica
K . glaucescens
subsp . arabica
K. gloveri
K . goetzei
K . gmndiflma
var. angustipetala
K. greyaria
K . holstii
J{ . homblei
forma reducta
1{ . kelleriana
( K . laciniata)
K. laciniata var. brachyealyx
Cot. lanceolata
K . lanceolata
var. glandulosa
]{ . lentiginosa
K . lugardii
K. macrantha
K. magnidens

G.

ClJFODONTIS

729
721
728
728
714
730
729
729
718
719
738
729
725
726
729
718
729
729
726
734
729
728
728
730
715
722
725

718

K. marinellii
K. marmorata
K. marmorata var. maculata
forma somaliensis
K . migiurtinorum
(K. mitej ea)
K. modesta
K. neumannii
( K . pentheri )
( K . peteri)
K. petitiaesii
K. petitiana
var. neumannii
( K . pilosa)
K. pubescens
K . quartiniana
K. quartiniana var. micrantha
K. ritchieana
K. tobynsiana
K . rohlfsii
( K . rotundifolia)
K. rutshurensis
K . schimperiana
( K . schliebenii)
K . schweinfurthii
K. somaliensis
K. stenosiphon
K. teretifolia

718
725
726
726
727
723
729
716
741
724
716
716
716
740
728
723
716
731
722
736
742
726
717
718
732
725
720
741