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OBJECTIVES
Upon successful in completion of this unit, students could
Define chemistry and list six common branches of chemistry
Distinguish between physical properties and chemical properties
of matter
Classify changes of matter as physical or chemical change.
VOCABULARY
BRANCHES OF CHEMISTRY
Organic
chemistry
Ho hu c
Inorganic
chemistry
Ho v c
/nrnk/
/rnk kemstri/
Physical
chemistry
Ho l
Analytical
chemistry
/fzkl/
Biochemistry
Ho phn tch
/nltkl/
Ho sinh
Theoretical
chemistry
/baokemkl/
Ho l thuyt
/iretkl/
CLASSIFYING MATTER
Chemical(n)
Ho cht
Substance(n)
/kemkl/
/sbstns/
Element(n)
Nguyn t
/elmnt/
Compound(n)
Hp cht
Solution(n)
Dung dch
/slun/
ng nht
/homdinis/
Heterogeneous
Hn hp
/mkstr/
/kmpand/
Homogeneous
Mixture(n)
Cht
Pure(adj)
Nguyn cht
/pjr/
D bit, d th
/hetrdinis/
Purity
impurity (n)
Tnh
nht
ng Melt (v)/melt/
Melting (n) /melt/
Lm nng chy
S nng chy
1
Characteristic(n
)
Si
S si
/krktrstk/
Intensive
property
Freeze(v) /friz/
Freezing(n) /friz/
ng c
S ng c
Nghin
/ntensv prprti/
Extensive
property
/kstensv
prprti/
Reactant
product
/riktnt/
prdkt/
Soluble (adj)
/sljbl/
Solubility (n)
/sljublti/
Decomposition
(n)
/ Cht
phn Condense(v)
ng
/
sn /kndens/
/ phm
C th ho Condensation
/kndensen/
tan
tan, s Deposition (n)
/depzn/
tan, tnh tan
S phn hu
S ngng t
S thng
(ngc
ngng t)
Bc hi
Evaporate(v)
hoa
vi
/vpret/
Evaporation (n)
/dikmpzn/
/vpren/
Combustion (n)
Ngng t
S chy
Sublime(v)
blam/
/kmbstn/
Sublimation(n)
S
bay
hi
o
(<100 C)
/s Thng hoa
S thng hoa
/sblmen/
Flammability
(n)
/flmbiliti/
Luster (n)
Kh
chy
nh kim
Solidification (n)
/lstr/
Conduct heat / Dn
electricity
in
Ho rn
/sldfa/
Ho rn
/sldfken/
nhit/
/kndkt/
READING
PASSAGE 1. CHEMISTRY, CHEMIST AND CHEMICAL
2
The natural sciences were one divided into two broad categories:
the biological sciences and the physical sciences. Living things are the
main focus of the biological sciences. The physical sciences focus
mainly on nonliving things. However, because we now know that both
living and nonliving matter have a chemical structure, chemistry is the
central to all the sciences, and there are no longer distinct divisions
between the biological and physical sciences.
Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure, and
properties of matter and the changes it undergoes. Chemistry deals
with questions such as: what is that material made of? What is its
make up and internal arrangement? How does it behave and change
when heated, cooled, or mixed with other materials and why does this
behaviors occur? Chemists answer these kind of questions in their daily
work.
Chemistry includes many different branches of study and
research, the following are six main areas, or branches, of study. But
like the biological and physical sciences, these branches often overlap.
1. Organic chemistry the study of most carbon- containing
compounds
2. Inorganic chemistry the study of all substances not classified as
organic, mainly those compounds that do not contain carbon.
3. Physical chemistry the study of the properties and changes of
matter and their relation to the energy.
4. Analytical chemistry the identification of the components and
composition of materials.
5. Biochemistry the study of substances and processes occurring in
living things
6. Theoretical chemistry the use of mathematics and computers to
understand the principles behind observed chemical behavior and to
design and predict the properties of new compounds.
In all areas of chemistry, scientists work with chemicals. A chemical
is any substance that has a definite composition. For example, consider
the material called sucrose, or cane sugar. It has a definite composition
in terms of the atoms that compose it. It is produces by certain plants
in the chemical process of photosynthesis. Sucrose is a chemical.
Carbon dioxide, water, and countless other substances are chemicals
as well.
PASSAGE 2. MATTER AND CLASSIFYING MATTER
Material
Pure Substance or
Mixture
Element,
Compound,
Homogeneous,
Heterogeneous
Concrete
Sugar + pure water
Iron filings (Fe)
Limestones (CaCO3)
Orange juice
Pacific ocean
Air inside a balloon
Aluminum (Al)
Soil
Brass
(Cu mixed with Zn)
Tap water in a glass
Pure water (H2O)
Melting
Solidification
sublimation
2. Complete
LISTENING
A. WHAT IS CHEMISTRY?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
can break the bond holding the elements hydrogen and oxygen
present
in
the
compound
water.
When
water
(13)
, oxygen gas is found at anode while hydrogen
has is found at the cathode. (14) take place when
chemical compounds are broken down.
Just a difference of atom: the (15). of the
elements present in a compound must remain constant or else the
compound changes into something else.
D.
New words
Dough : bt nho
Innocuously: harmlessly
Ripple:gn sng
Ominous :ng ngi
Topography : a hnh
Apron : tp d
Emulsion : nh tng
11
Unlike solids and liquids the particles in gases are not closely (9)
. They are far apart. As a result gases are not rigid
and can be squashed or compressed. They do not have a fixed
shape nor fixed volume. They fill the whole (10)..they
are in.
J.
K.
WRITING