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ISBN 0-328-13827-4
<(sk$m)=bdichc< +^--U--U
Vocabulary
decay
igneous rock
loam
metamorphic rock
mineral
nutrient
rock
sedimentary rock
soil
Picture Credits
Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for photographic material.
The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions.
Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom (B), Left (L), Right (R), Background (Bkgd).
Opener: Getty Images; 2 Getty Images; Backgrounds: Getty Images.
Scott Foresman/Dorling Kindersley would also like to thank: 2 (CR), 8 (CR, BC), 9 (CL, BR),
12 (CR) Natural History Museum, London/DK Images.
Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the copyright of Dorling Kindersley, a division of Pearson.
ISBN: 0-328-13827-4
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America.
This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any
prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), write to
Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 1900 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025.
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5.
Groups of Rocks
Granite
Gabbro
Ironstone
Obsidian
Snowflake
obsidian
Fish fossil
Marble
Slate
Gneiss
The minerals
quartz and spinel
cling to this rock.
Quartz
Molybdenite streak
Red spinel
Molybdenite
Spinel
Gold
Pyrite
Diamond
Platinum
Amethyst
Quartz
The wires inside a
light bulb are made with
wolframite. The bulbs
glass contains quartz.
Wolframite
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Copper
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Salt
Halite, or salt
Rabbits depend on soil
for food and shelter.
Toothpaste contains
calcium carbonate.
Calcium carbonate, or chalk
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Kinds of Soil
Soil forms in layers. The top
layer is called topsoil. It contains
many nutrients. Below the
Humus
topsoil is subsoil, where
tree roots find their water.
The deepest layer is bedrock.
Topsoil
As bedrock gets broken
down, it becomes soil.
Humus is found in soil.
Subsoil
It is made of decaying
plants and animals.
Clay is made of small
particles. Clay soil is thick,
dense, and traps water.
Sand particles are large and
have a lot of space between
them. Water passes through
Poor soil
sand. Silt has medium-sized with rock
fragments
particles. It lets the right
amount of water in and out.
Loam
Bedrock
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Vocabulary
Glossary
decay
decay
igneous rock the process of breaking down
the remains of living matter
loam
metamorphic into
rocknutrients
igneous
mineralrock rock that forms when hot,
melted minerals in the center
nutrient
of Earth cool down
rock
sedimentary rock
loam
a kind of soil that plants grow
very well in and that contains sand,
soil
silt, and clay
5.
Picture Credits
Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for photographic material.
The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions.
rock
sedimentary
rock
Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the copyright of Dorling Kindersley, a division of Pearson.
soil
This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any
prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), write to
Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 1900 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025.
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05
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