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258.259.260.Typical for this form are the haemorrhagic necrotic and focal diphtheroid lesions
affecting the mucosa of the buccal cavity (258), the stomach and the intestines (259, 260). The
disease is generally prevalent in hens, more rarely in turkeys, exotic or wild birds. Birds at any
age are susceptible. It is caused by a paramyxovirus. Depending on their pathogenicity, the
numerous known strains are classified as lentogenic, meso-genic and velogenic. The vaccines
made of lentogenic strains provoke a shorter immunity that requires a revaccination. The
vaccines from mesogenic strains result in a lasting immunity, but could provoke a lethal issue
especially in birds without a primary immunity created on the basis of lentogenic vaccinal
strains.
261.262.A frequent finding is the enlargement and haemorrhages of caecal tonsils (261) and
haemorrhagic cloacitis (262). Usually, these lesions begin from the lymphoid tissue of the
mucous coat. Virus-containing excreta of infected birds, that contaminate the forage, water and
the environment, are the source of infection. The infection is transmitted mainly by an oral route,
the airborne or contact transmission being more infrequent. The virus, contained in incubated
eggs, results in embryo's death and then perishes. There is no permanent carriership of the virus.
An important factor in the transmission of velogenic viruses could be the exotic birds and
fighting cocks. The death rate could arrive at 70-100%.
264.The lesions of paramyxovirosis in pigeons are entirely identical. On the basis of the history
and the clinico-morphological signs, a tentative diagnosis could be made, but its laboratory
confirmation is mandatory. ND should be distinguished by avian influenza, fowl cholera etc.