Antibiotics Used in Aquaculture

Antibiotics and Aquaculture
Antibiotic
Brand Names
Use
Status in aquaculture use
Problems/Recommendations
Tetracycline
Oxytetracycline
Terramycin
Liquamycin
Uri-Tet
Oxitetraciclina - Cyclofur, Magnadur
Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Doxycycline Hydrochorido (AFS Forte)
Doxiciclina (Ronaxan)
Chlortetracycline
Auereomycin
Aurofac
Minocycline
Demeclocycline
Declomycin
Antibacterial, antimicrobial,
antiprotozoal
Most are broad spectrum
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Registered for use in Fish and

animals but not in shrimp
in Europe, Canada, USA
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Resistance may develop rapidly

Persistent in the environment
Use in aquaculture can cause
resistance to the drug in human
use
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Penicillin
Amoxicillin
Ampicillan
Ampicilina
Benzylpenicillin
Cloxacillin
Cloxacilina
Dicloxacillin
Nafcillin
Oxacillin
Penicillin V & Penicillin G
Penicilina
antiprotozoal
Some are broad spectrum and
others are limited spectrum drugs
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Considered in Austrailia, USA

Approved in Japan
Approved in Japan
Approved in Japan and Europe
Not approved for aquaculture
Humans can have severe allergies

Persistent in the environment
human resistance to the drug
Not recommended for
aquaculture
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Macrolides
Carbomycin
Erythomycin, Erythromycin
Eritromicina, Eyrthomycine
Josamycin
Kitasamycin
Oleandomycin
Tilmicosin
Spiramycin
Foromacidin
Sequamycin
Selectomycin
Rovamycin
Provamycin
Antibacterial, Antimicrobial
Used for gram positive bacteria
Sometimes used for feed additives
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Approved in Japan
Approved in Japan
Approved in Japan
Approved in Japan, Banned in EU

Not recommended for use
in aquaculture
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Antibiotic
Brand Names
Use
Antibiotic
Brand Names
Use
Macrolides Cont.
Lincoamides
Tylosin (Tylan) - also used for growth

promoter
Tylosine
Tilmicosin
Espiramicina - Macrobac, Suanovil
Used for gram positive bacteria
Sometimes used for feed additives
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Clindamycin
Lincomycin
Antibacterial
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Approved in Japan
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Approved in Japan
Lincomicina - Lincocin forte

Aminoglycosides
Banned in EU

Not recommended for use
in aquaculture
Not recommended for aquaculture
Amikacin
Dihydrostreptomycin
Espectinomycin
Gentamicin, Genamicin
Kanamycin
Neomycin (Neomicine)
Mycifradin, Myciguent, NeoTab
Biosol
Neomicina
Novobiocin
Paromomicine
Streptomycin
Agri-mycin
Plantomycin
Agrept
Rimosidin
Streptomycin sulfate
Tobramycin
Bactericidal antibiotic, fungicide

Bactericidal, Antimicrobial
Bactericidal, Antimicrobial

Approved in Japan
Registered in Japan

Active against aerobic, gram-negative
bacteria, Antimicrobial, fungicide
Streptomycin is sometimes used as
pesticide to control fungi, algae and
bacteria in crops

Approved in Japan

human resistance to the anitbiotics
Can cause intracellular damage to
auditory and vestibular hair cells of
the inner ear.
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Moderately toxic
Phosphonate
Fosfomycin Calcium - Fosbac, Magamix

Fosfomycin Sodium
Phosphomycin Calcium
Phosphomycin Sodium
Bacteriostatic action
Wide spectrum antibiotic, antimicrobial
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Approved in Japan

resistance to the drug in human use
Sulfonamides (Sulfa Drugs)
25% sufadimethoxine, 5% ormethoprim

Sulfa methyl Phenazole
Sulfachlorpyridazine
Sulfacloropiridazina ( Coliprim)
Synthetic Antibacterial drugs - inhibit

folic acid metabolism, antimicrobial
These drugs are sometimes applied to
feeds to control bacterial diseases
Approved for fish in USA

Approved drugs can be used if proper

directions are followed in aquaculture
Others should not be used.
Proper withdrawal periods should

Antibiotic
Brand Names
Sulfadiazine
Sulfabromomethazine
Sulfadiazine + Trimethoprim (Tribrissen)
Sulfadimethoxine (Dinosol, Albon)
Antibiotic
Sulfonamides cont.
Quinolones
Floroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones
Brand Names
Sulfadimidine
Sulfaethoxpyridazine
Sulfamerazine
Sulfamethazine
Sulfamethoxazole (Gantanole)
Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (Bactrim)
Sulfamethoxine - sodium
Sulfamethoxine + Ormetoprim
Romet
Sulfamonomethoxine (Dimeton)
Sulfamonomethoxine + ormethoprim
Sulfanlamide
Sulfaquinoxaline
Sulfasalazine
Sulfathiazole - Isran Soda
Sulfisozole
Sulfonamide
Trimethoprim sulfa
Ormetoprim Sulfa
Sulfisomidina - Elkosina
1st generation
Nalidixic Acid
Oxolinic Acid
Piromidic acid
Pipemidic acid
2nd generation
Enrofloxicin - Batril, Penetrex
Enrofloxacino - Enromic, Isonyl
Sarafloxacin Safarin, SaraFlox
Danofloxacin
Norfloxacin
Ciprofloxacin - Cipro
Ciprofloxacino Nicotinato -Cipronic
Enoxacin
Lomefloxacin - Maxaquin
Use
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Use
Synthetic Antibacterial drugs - inhibit
folic acid metabolism, antimicrobial
These drugs are sometimes applied to
feeds to control bacterial diseases
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Synthetic Antibacterial Agent

Antimicrobial
Quinolones were first and followed by
Floroquinolones in the 2nd generation
Antimicrobial
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Approved for use - Europe, Canada
always be followed
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Approved for use - USA, Europe
Approved in Japan
Approved in USA, Canada
Not registered for use in shrimp
Approved in Japan
Approved in Japan
Approved in Japan
Approved drugs can be used if proper

directions are followed in aquaculture
Others should not be used.
Proper withdrawal periods should
always be followed
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Approved in Japan
Approved in Japan and Europe
Approved in Japan
Banned in EU
Under consideration to be banned
in USA. Both countries are testing
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Possible limited use in aquaculture

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Do not use in aquaculture
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Antibiotic
Brand Names
Gemifloxacin - Factive
Ofloxacin - Floxin
Norfloxacin (Noroxin)
Norfloxacino Nicotinato - Norfloxacino
Avelox
3rd generation
Grepafloxacin
Levofloxacin Levaquin
Antibiotic
Brand Names
Use
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Use
Floroquinolones Cont.
3rd Generation Cont.
Sparfloxacin
Difloxacin
Orbifloxacin
Marbofloxacin
Flumequine
Flumequina
Fleroxacin
th
4 Generation
Clinafloxacin
Galifloxacin
Moxiflosacin Moxifloxicin , Avelox
Travafloxacin
Gatifloxacin - Tequin
Gemifloxacin
Pefloxacin

Antimicrobial
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Banned in EU
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Registered for use - Japan
Not registered for use in USA, EU
Not registered for use in USA, EU
Banned in EU
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Nitrofurans - Furazolidone
Furazolidone (Furazolidono)
Furazan
Furoxone
Furanace
Furacin
Furazolidone
Nitrofurazone
Nitrofural, Bifuran
Nifuraldezone
Nifurprazine
Furaltadone
Norofloxacin
Noroxin
Nifurpirinol
Prefuran
Broad Spectrum Antibiotic,

Antibacterial
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Banned in USA, EU and other

countries
Should not be used in Aquaculture
May not be used in food producing
animals - 2377/90/EEC
Applies to entire group
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Carcinogen, Preset consumer risk

Allergic reaction, Toxicity
Applies to entire group
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Antibiotic
Brand Names
Nitrofurtimox
Nitrofirantion
Nitrofuratoin
Nitrovin
Nitrofurantoine
Nitroimidazoles
Sodium nifurstyrenate
Nitroimidazoles, Imidazoles
Nitro-Imidazolen
Antibiotic
Dimetridazole (Dimetridazol)
Di methyl nitroimidazole
Nitrothiazole
Ronidazole (Ronivet-S, Flagyl, Ranidazole)
Metronidazole (Photostat, Flagyl)
Brand Names
Use
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Anti-protozoal
Anti-protozoal, antibacterial
Use
Nitroimidazoles, Imidazoles
Nitro-Imidazolen Cont.
Thiabendazole
Flubendazole
Triclobendazole (Triclobil)
Albendazole (Benzimidazole)
Ipronidazole
Chloramphenicols
Chloranfenicol (Spanish)
2,2-Dichloro-N -[(a R,bR)-b-hydroxy-a

-hydroxymethyl-4-nitrophenyl]acetamide
Ak-Chlor
Alcon opulets chloramphenicol
Amphicol
Antibiopto
Aquamycetin
Arcomicetina
Azramycine
Biomicin
Bioticaps
Cafenolo
Cbenicol
Chemicetina
Chemyzin
Chlomin
Chlor
Chloramex
Chloramol
Chloratets
Chlorcol
Chlorofair
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Most drugs in this category are

banned by FDA, Codex or both
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Mutagenic, low biodegradability

Threat to human health
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Banned by FDA and EU for

aquaculture
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Carcinogen, Causes leukemia

Dangerous to human life
Causes birth defects in children if
consumed by mothers in 1st three
months.
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Antibiotic
Brand Names
Chloromycetin
Chloromycetin
Chloromycetin
Chloroptic (Cloroptic)
Chloroptic (Chlorsig)
Chorafur (Chloramphenicol & Furadeltoma)
Clorafur (Chloramfenicol - Furadaltona)
Cloramffen
Cloramplast
Clorbiotina
Clorfenicol wolner
Clorofenicina
Cloromicetin
Cloromisol
Cloromoin
Cutispray No. 4
Antibiotic
Chloramphenicols Cont.
Brand Names
D-(-)-threo-2-Dichloroacetamido-1-p nitrophenyl-1,3-propanediol
D-(-)-threo-p -Nitrophenyl-1dichloroacetamido-2-propanediol-(1,3)
Detreomycin
Doctamicina
D-threo-(-)-2,2-Dichloro-N [b-hydroxy-a - (hydroxymethyl)-pnitrophenethyl]acetamide
D-threo-N -(1,1'-Dihydroxy-1-p nitrophenylisopropyl)
dichloroacetamide
D-threo-N -Dichloroacetyl-1-p nitrophenyl-2-amino-1,3-propanediol
Duricol
Econochlor
Espectro medical
Farmicetina
Fenicol
Florfenicol Amine
Fruluphenicol
Globenicol
Hortfenicol
I-Chlor
Use
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Use
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aquaculture
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months.
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Antibiotic
Brand Names
Iprobiot
Isopto fenicol
Kamaver
Karomycin Palmitate
Kemicetina
Kemicetine
Kloramfenikol minims
Labamicol
Lennacol
Leukomycin
Levomicetina
Lomecitina
Loromisan
Mediamycetin
Michlorine
Micloretin
Micoclorina
Micodry
Minims chloramphenicol
Mycetin
Mychel
Antibiotic
Chloramphenicols Cont.
Brand Names
Nevimycin
Normofenicol
Novochlorocap
Ocu-Chlor
Oftalent
Oleomycetin
Opclor
Ophtaphnicol
Ophthochlor
Paidomicetina
Pantofenicol
Pantovernil
Paraxin
Paraxin succinat A
Pentamycetin
Plastodermo
Quemicetina
Ranphenicol
Rivomycine
Septicol
Use
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Use
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11

aquaculture
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months.
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Antibiotic
Brand Names
Sificetina
Sintomicetina
Sno phenicol
Solnicol erc
Solu-paraxin
Sopamycetin
Spersanicol
Succicaf
Synthomycetine
Syntomycetine
Tevcocin
Thilocanfol
Tifomycine
Tramina
Troymycetin
Vernacetin
Viceton
Zoofenicol
Florinated Florfenicol (Florenicol)
Aquaflor
Cyanphenicol
Thiamphenicol (sulphonated)
Antibiotics
Mixed compounds
Alkyltrimethylammonium
calciumoxytetracycline
Bicozamycin benzoate
Penicillin-dihydrostreptomycin
Ampicillina - Cloxacilina
Ampicillin - Cloxacillin
Chloramfenicol - Furadaltona
Other Drugs
Myroxacin
Nifurstylenic Acid
Novobiocin Sodium
Dapsone, Dapsona
Use
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Brand Names
Bicomarin
Secomast Extra
Brand Names
Novobocin
DDS, Avlosulfon
Use

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Registered on list of antibiotics being
considered for approval
Approved in Japan
Approved in Japan
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Possible use in aquaculture
after approval
Use only in Japan
Use only in Japan
Antimicrobial
Approved in Japan
Use only in Japan
Antimicrobial - usually mixed with feed

Used on fish for fish diseases
Antimicrobial
antiprotozoal
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Approved in Japan
Use only in Japan
Approved in Europe
Can have serious side effects

Use in Aquaculture can cause
resistance to drug in humans
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Use
Antimicrobial
Antimicrobial
Narrow spectrum antibiotic
Antibiotic
12

Approved in Japan
Approved in Japan
Use only in Japan
Use only in Japan

Antibiotic
Chloramine T.
Bicozamycin benzoate
Tobicillin
Rifampicin
Acriflavine
Colchicine (Colchicina)
Chlorpromazine
Brand Names
Bicomarin, Ascibiol
Fujipenin 40
Bacterinforte, Rimactane, Rifamycin
Trypaflavine
ColBenemid
Elbazine
Erythromyocin Phosphate
Use
Microbiocide
Antibiotic for animal use- feed additive
Antibiotic feed additive strepcoccosis in fish
Antibiotic
Antibacterial for treatment of fungus
Arthritis or gout drug
Antipsychotic Drug used in
eyestalk ablation
Antibiotic
Antibiotic
Not approved in UK, USA

Used in Asia - not approved in USA

Extremely potent



All growth promoters are banned

in UK
A few are banned in the USA
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Feed Additives/Growth Promoters/Hormones

Glycopeptides &
Polypeptides
Other Drugs
Vancomycin (Varcosin)
Oratavacin
Telavancin
Dalbavancin
Avoparcin
Polymyxin B
Colistin sulfate (Polymixe)
Brand Names
Antimicrobial Growth promoter (AGP)

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Use
Feed Additives/Growth Promoters/Hormones Cont.

Beta-agonist
Salbutamol
Albuterol
Clenbuterol
Salibutamol
Cimaterol
Mabuterol
Cimate
Ractopamine (Paylean, Optaflexx)
Zilpaterol

used sometimes in feed
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used sometimes in feed
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Antibiotic
Brand Names
Use
Carbadox
Olaquindox
Streptogramins
Everniomycins
Cephalosporins
Orthosomycin
Ceftiofur, Cefquinoma, Cobactam

Avilamycin
Antimicrobial
Antimicrobial
Antimicrobial
Antimicrobial
Antimicrobial
Antimicrobial
Flavophospholipol40
Flavomycin
Salinomycin Sodium
(Ionophore)
Virginiamycin
Sacox, Eustin 120

Bacitracin Zinc
Tylosin Phosphate
Growth promoter (AGP)


Tylan premix; Tartrat
Colistin Sulphate
Nystatin
Lonidazole
Maduramicin Ammonium
Nicarbazine
Avermectin
Slice
Monensin sodium
Rumensin, Coban
Coccidiostats
Coccidiostats
Anti-parasitic pesticide used as
antibiotic
Aminocyclitol
Oestradiol 17-B
Estradiol Benzoate
Olaquindo x WSP
Spectinomycin
Other Drugs
Brand Names
Antimicrobial feed additive

Hormone used as growth promoter
Use
Banned EU, Not approved - USA

Banned in some countries


Not approved - USA
FDA approved
Banned in EU


Feed Additives/Growth Promoters/Hormones Cont.

Zeranol
Domperidone
Gonadotropin
GnRH Analog with Dopaime
Progesterone
Testosterone

Spawn promoter
Spawn promoter
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Antibiotic
Trenbolone acetate
Melengesetrol acetate
Tiamulin
Aristolochia spp
Diethylstilbestrol
Acriflavine
Oxazole
Ivermectin
Brand Names
Oxazolidone
Ivomec
Use

Snake root used in aquaculture
Dye used in prevention of fungus in eggsNot approved for aquaculture
Synthetic fungicide
Banned by Codex
Microlide anti-parasitic
Banned by Codex
15

Antibiotics Used in Aquaculture

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Antibiotics Used in Aquaculture

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Antibiotics and Aquaculture

Status in aquaculture use

Registered for use in Fish and

Resistance may develop rapidly

Considered in Austrailia, USA

Humans can have severe allergies

Resistance may develop rapidly

Antibiotics and Aquaculture

Status in aquaculture use

Status in aquaculture use

Tylosin (Tylan) - also used for growth

Not approved for aquaculture

Not approved for aquaculture

Lincomicina - Lincocin forte

Resistance may develop rapidly

Bactericidal antibiotic, fungicide

Not approved for aquaculture

Bactericidal antibiotic, fungicide

Not approved for aquaculture

Resistance may develop rapidly

Bactericidal antibiotic, fungicide

Not approved for aquaculture

Fosfomycin Calcium - Fosbac, Magamix

Not approved for aquaculture

Resistance may develop rapidly

Sulfonamides (Sulfa Drugs)

25% sufadimethoxine, 5% ormethoprim

Synthetic Antibacterial drugs - inhibit

Approved for fish in USA

Approved drugs can be used if proper

Antibiotics and Aquaculture

Synthetic Antibacterial Agent

Status in aquaculture use

Status in aquaculture use

Not approved for aquaculture

Approved drugs can be used if proper

Possible limited use in aquaculture

Antibiotics and Aquaculture

Status in aquaculture use

Status in aquaculture use

Synthetic Antibacterial Agent

Use in aquaculture can cause

Broad Spectrum Antibiotic,

Banned in USA, EU and other

Carcinogen, Preset consumer risk

Antibiotics and Aquaculture

Status in aquaculture use

2,2-Dichloro-N -[(a R,bR)-b-hydroxy-a

Most drugs in this category are

Mutagenic, low biodegradability

Status in aquaculture use

Banned by FDA and EU for

Carcinogen, Causes leukemia

Antibiotics and Aquaculture

Status in aquaculture use

Status in aquaculture use

Banned by FDA and EU for

Carcinogen, Causes leukemia

Antibiotics and Aquaculture

Status in aquaculture use

Status in aquaculture use

Banned by FDA and EU for

Carcinogen, Causes leukemia