02

02

ChE312A: Assignment 3
1.

Consider a house that has a 10-m x 20-m base and a 4-m-high wall. All four walls of
the house have an R-value of 2.31 m2 C/W. The two 10-m x 4-m walls have no
windows.
10/13/2008
18:58 The third wall has five windows made of 0.5-cm-thick glass (k = 0.78
W/mK), 1.2 m x 1.8 m in size. The fourth wall has the same size and number of
windows,
10/13/2008
18:58but they are double- paned with a 1.5-cm-thick stagnant air space (k = 0.026
W/m K) enclosed between two 0.5-cm-thick glass layers. The thermostat in the house
is set at 22C and the average temperature outside at that location is 8C during the
winter. Disregarding any direct radiation
gain
throughConductionOne
the windows and
taking
CHAPT
E R or
2 loss
Steady-State
Dimension
the heat transfer coefficients at the inner and outer surfaces of the house to be 7 and 15
W/m2 C, respectively, determineCthe
of heat transfer
through each
wall.
Aaverage
P T E R 2rate
Steady-State
Dimension
2-62 A wall consists of a 1-mm layer of H
copper,
a 4-mm
layer of ConductionOne
1 percent carbon
steel, a
If the cost of electric heating is Rs.7/kWh, estimate the annual heating cost for a 4
1-cm layer
of asbestos
sheet, and 10 cm of fiberglass blanket. Calculate the overall
month
long winter.

2-62 A
wall consists
of a 1-mmfor
layer
copper, a 4-mm
of 1outside
percentsurfaces
carbon steel,
heat-transfer
coefficient
thisofarrangement.
If layer
the two
are ata

1-cm
10 interface
cm of fiberglass
blanket. Calculate the overall
10 andlayer
150 of
C,asbestos
calculatesheet,
each and
of the
temperatures.
2.
o
heat-transfer
coefficient
for thisstainless-steel
arrangement.
If the twoofoutside
surfaces
are 2at
flows at 120
Cfin
in of
a thin-wall
tube
with
K.
2-63 Air
A
circumferential
rectangular
profile has a(k=18W/m.K)
thickness
0.7
mm
andh=65W/m
is installed

C.is
The
diameter
of theeach
tubeofof
is3the
2.5
cm
the
wall thickness
is 0.4mm. The
tube
10
150having
C, calculate
temperatures.
on and
ainside
tube
a diameter
cminterface
thatand
is2maintained
at a temperature
of 200
o
to an
with
W/m
K aand
ambient
temperature
is 15
C.
2-63 exposed
A
circumferential
profile
has
thickness
of 0.7
mm andthe
is installed
The
length
of environment
the fin
fin of
is rectangular
2 cm
andh=6.5
the
fin
material
isthe
copper.
Calculate
heat
lost

Calculate
the
overall
heat-transfer
coefficient
and
the
heat
loss
per
meter
length.
What

on
tube
a diameter of
3 cm thatenvironment
is maintainedatat100
a temperature
of 200 C.
by athe
finhaving
to a surrounding
convection
C with a convection
thickness
of
soft
rubber
(k=0.13W/m.K)
as
insulating
material
should
be
added
2

The
length ofcoefficient
the fin is 2ofcm
and
the fin
material is copper. Calculate the heat
lostto
heat-transfer
524
W/m
C.
reduce
the toheat
loss by 50%?
Whatenvironment
would be atyour
result
ifa convection
rigid foam
bythin
therod
fin
a surrounding
convection
100which
C withare
2-64 (k=0.026W/m.K)
A
of length
L
has
its
two
ends
connected
to
two
walls
maintained
is used in
of rubber?
2 C. Compare and comment on your results.
heat-transfer
coefficient
ofplace
524 W/m
at
temperatures T1 and T2 , respectively. The rod loses heat to the environment at T
2-64 A
rod of length
L has
two ends(a)
connected
to two walls distribution
which are maintained
bythin
convection.
Derive
an its
expression
for the temperature
in the rod
at temperatures
T1 and
T2lost
, respectively.
and
(b) for the total
heat
by the rod.The rod loses heat to the environment at T
3.
by
convection.
Derive
an
expression
(a) foratthe
temperature
in thetorod
2-65 A rod of length L has one end maintained
temperature
T0distribution
and is exposed
an
and
(b)
for
the
total
heat
lost
by
the
rod.
environment of temperature T . An electrical heating element is placed in the rod
2-65 A
length
L has one
end maintained
temperature
is exposed
to an
so rod
thatof
heat
is generated
uniformly
along theatlength
at a rateTq0. and
Derive
an expression
environment
of temperature
T . Aninelectrical
heating
element
is placed
in the rod
(a) for the temperature
distribution
the rod and
(b) for
the total
heat transferred
so
thatenvironment.
heat is generated
uniformly
along the
at a rate
. Derive
an expression
to the
Obtain
an expression
forlength
the value
of q qthat
will make
the heat
(a)
for the
temperature
distribution
in the at
rod
transfer
zero
at the end that
is maintained
T0and
. (b) for the total heat transferred
to
the
environment.
Obtain
an
expression
for
the
value of
the heat
2-66 One end of a copper rod 30 cm long is firmly connected
to qa that
wallwill
thatmake
is maintained
transfer
zero
the end
is maintained
at Tto
4.
0 . a wall that is maintained at 93 C.
at
200 C.
Theat other
endthat
is firmly
connected
2 C is
2-66 Air
Oneisend
of a copper
connected
to a wallofthat
maintained
blown
across rod
the 30
rodcm
so long
that is
a firmly
heat-transfer
coefficient
17 is
W/m

at 200 C. The
end isoffirmly
to The
a wall
that is maintained
maintained.
Theother
diameter
the rodconnected
is 12.5 mm.
temperature
of the air at
is 93
38 C.
2

Air
is isblown
across
the rod
soair
that
heat-transfer coefficient of 17 W/m C is
What
the net
heat lost
to the
in awatts?

maintained.
The diameter
of the rodfor
is 12.5
The temperature
2-67 Verify
the temperature
distribution
case mm.
2 in Section
2-9, i.e., of
thatthe air is 38 C.
What is the net heat lost to the air in watts?

Ttemperature
cosh m(L
x) + (h/mk)
x)2-9, i.e., that

2-67 VerifyTthe
distribution
for casesinh
2 inm(L
Section
=
5. T0 T
cosh mL + (h/mk) sinh mL
T T
cosh
m(L ball
x)at+50C
(h/mk)
sinh m(L
A 5-mm-diameter
spherical
is covered
bya x)
1-mm-thick plastic insulation
=
thatcosh
the ball
heat+
transfer
issinh
mL
(h/mk)
(Subsequently
k = T0.13
C).
The
is
exposed
to amL
medium at 15C, with a combined
0 TW/m
show
convection and radiation heat transfer coefficient of 20 W/m2 C. Determine if the
show the
Subsequently
that the will
heat
transfer
is heatcosh
sinhhelp
mL
+
mL from the ball. What should
plastic
or (h/mk)
hurt
transfer
q insulation
= hPkAon
(T0 ball
T )
coshinsulation
mL + (h/mk)
sinhtransfer
mL
be the minimum thickness of the
if the heat
rate has to be reduced to

sinh mL + (h/mk) cosh mL

50% of
the
original
heat
transfer
rate?
q = hPkA (T0 T )
mL +
(h/mk)
2-68 An aluminum rod 2.0 cm in cosh
diameter
and
12 cmsinh
longmL
protrudes from a wall that is

maintained at 250 C. The rod is exposed to an environment at 15 C. The convection

2-68 An
aluminumcoefficient
rod 2.0 cmisin12diameter
12 cm long
wall that is
heat-transfer
W/m2 and
C. Calculate
theprotrudes
heat lost from
by thea rod.

maintained
at 250(2-35)
C. The
is exposed
to
an environment
at 15
C.the
Therod
convection
2-69 Derive
Equation
byrod
integrating
the
convection
heat loss
from
of case 1
2

heat-transfer
coefficient
is
12
W/m

C.
Calculate
the
heat
lost
by
the
rod.
in Section 2-9.
2-69 Derive Equation (2-35) by integrating the convection heat loss from the rod of case 1

6.

Steam in a heating system flows through tubes whose outer diameter is 5 cm and
whose walls are maintained at a temperature of 180C. Circular aluminum alloy fins (k
= 186 W/m C) of outer diameter 6 cm and constant thickness 1 mm are attached to
the tube. The space between the fins is 3 mm, and thus there are 250 fins per meter
length of the tube. Heat is transferred to the surrounding air at 25C, with a heat
transfer coefficient of 40 W/m2 C. Determine the increase in heat transfer from the
tube per meter of its length as a result of adding fins.

7.
A 0.3-cm-thick, 12-cm-high, and 18-cm-long circuit board houses 80 closely spaced
logic chips on one side, each dissipating 0.04 W. The board is impregnated with
copper fillings and has an effective thermal conductivity of 20 W/mC. All the heat
generated in the chips is conducted across the circuit board and is dissipated from the
back side of the board to a medium at 40C, with a heat transfer coefficient of 50
W/m2C. (a) Determine the temperatures on the two sides of the circuit board. (b)
Now a 0.2-cm-thick, 12-cm-high, and 18-cm-long aluminum plate (k = 237 W/mC)
with 864 2-cm-long aluminum pin fins of diameter 0.25 cm is attached to the back side
of the circuit board with a 0.02-cm-thick epoxy adhesive (k = 1.8 W/mC). Determine
the new temperatures on the two sides of the circuit board.
8.

Consider a house with a flat roof whose outer dimensions are 12 m x12 m. The outer
walls of the house are 6 m high. The walls and the roof of the house are made of 20cm thick concrete (k = 0.75 W/m C). The temperatures of the inner and outer
surfaces of the house are 15C and 3C, respectively. Accounting for the effects of the
edges of adjoining surfaces, determine the rate of heat loss from the house through its
walls and the roof. What is the error involved in ignoring the effects of the edges and
corners and treating the roof as a 12 m x 12 m surface and the walls as 6 m x 12 m
surfaces for simplicity?
9.
Hot water at an average temperature of 80C and an average velocity of 1.5 m/s is
flowing through a 25-m section of a pipe that has an outer diameter of 5 cm. The pipe
extends 2 m in the ambient air above the ground, dips into the ground (k = 1.5 W/m
C) vertically for 3 m, and continues horizontally at this depth for 20m more before it
enters the next building. The first section of the pipe is exposed to the ambient air at
8C, with a heat transfer coefficient of 22 W/m2 C. If the surface of the ground is
covered with snow at 0C, determine (a) the total rate of heat loss from the hot water
and (b) the temperature drop of the hot water as it flows through this 25-m-long
section of the pipe.