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1. SENTENCE STRUCTURE
(i) Are the sentences long or short?
(ii) Why do sentences change?
(iii) Do sentences contain many subordinate clauses, or are they often fragments?
(iv) Are there any digressions or interruptions?
2. PACE
3. EXPANSIVE/ECONOMICAL DICTION
(i) Is the writing tight and efficient, or elaborate and long-winded?
(ii) Why does the author sue one or the other mode, and why?
4. VOCABULARY
5. FIGURES OF SPEECH
(i) Are there any metaphors, similes, or symbols?
(ii) Are there any other uses of figurative language (personification, metonymy, and
so on)?
6. USE OF DIALOGUE
7. POINT OF VIEW
Possibilities: first, second, third, omniscient, limited omniscient, multiple, inanimate,
free indirect discourse.
8. CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT
9. TONE
(i) What is the author's attitude?
(ii) What is the mood of the story?
(iii) Does the author seem sarcastic? Aggressive? Wistful? Pessimistic? In love?
Philosophically detached? Hopeful? Ironic? Bitter? And so on ----.
(iv) Whatever the tone, where is it visible in the narrative?
(i) Are paragraphs very short, or are they enormous block running across many
pages?
(ii) Are the chapters short or long? How many are there, how are they organized,
and why is this important?
13. ALLUSION
How and how often does the author refer to other texts, myths, symbols, famous
figures, historical events, quotations, and son on?
(i) Does the author call attention to his or her own process of narration?
(ii) Are the narrator's position, role, and thoughts as a storyteller mentioned
explicitly in the text?
(iii) What function does this serve?
Notes Prepared By: Prof. Shahbaz Asghar
Posted by Prof. Shahbaz Asghar at 03:40 No comments:
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WEDNESDAY, 18 FEBRUARY 2015
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3. OTHELLO BY SHAKESPEARE
OTHELLO BY SHAKESPEARE
1. Explain the following extracts with reference to the context.
(a) To be suspected, framed to make women false.
The Moor is of a free and open nature
That thinks men honest that but seem to be so,
And will as tenderly be led by the' nose
As asses are.
(b) Now, by heaven,
My blood begins my safer guides to rule,
And passion, have my best judgment collied,
Assays to lead the way.
(c) I had rather be a toad
And live upon the vapor of a dungeon
Than keep a corner in the thing I love
For others' uses.
2. Explain the following extracts with reference to the context.
(a) Believe me, I had rather have lost my purse
Full of crusadoes. And but my noble Moor
Is true of mind and made of no such baseness
As jealous creature are, it were enough
To put him to ill thinking.
(b) Work on, My medicine, work! Thus credulous fools are caught,
And many worthy and chaste dames even thus,
All guiltless, meet reproach. -- What, ho! My lord!
My lord, I say! Othello!
(c) Oh, devil, devil!
If that the earth could teem with woman's tears,
Each drop she falls would prove a crocodile.
Out of my sight!
3. Explain the following extracts with reference to the context.
(a) Here, stand behind this bulk, straight will he come.
Wear thy good rapier bare, and put it home.
Quick, quick! Fear nothing. I'll be at thy elbow.
It makes us, or it mars us. Think on that,
And fix most firm thy resolution.
(b) And yet I fear you, for you're fatal then
When your eyes roll so. Why I should fear I know not,
Since guiltiness I know not. But yet I feel fear.
(c) Whip me, ye devils,
From the possession of this heavenly sight!
Blow me about in winds, roast me in sulfur,
Wash me in steep-down gulfs of liquid fire! -4. "Othello" As a Domestic Tragedy
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4. JOHN DONNE
(Love & Divine Poems)
QUESTION NO. 25
Explain the following extracts with reference to the context.
(a) My face in thine eye, thine in mine appears,
And true plain hearts do in the faces rest;
Where can we finde two better hemispheares
Without sharpe north, without declining west?
(b) If our two loves be one, or thou and I
Love so alike that none doe slacken, none can die.
(c) Goe and catche a falling starre,
Get with child a mandrake roote,
Tell me where all past years are,
Or who cleft the devil's foot,
Teach me to heare Mermaids singing,
Or to keep off envies stinging,
(d) If yet I have not all thy love,
Dear, I shall never have it all;
I cannot breath one other sigh, to move,
Nor can intreat one other teare to fall;
QUESTION NO. 26
Explain the following extracts with reference to the context.
(a) Thy beames so reverend, and strong
Why shouldst thou think?
I could eclipse and cloud them with a winke,
But that I would not lose her sight so long.
(b) She's all states, and all princes I;
Nothing else is;
Princes doe but play us; compar'd to this,
All honour's mimique, all wealth alchimie.
(c) Than by her shadow what she weares.
Of perverse sexe, where none is true but shee,
3. ALEXANDER POPE
(The Rape of the Lock)
QUESTION NO. 17
Explain the following extracts with reference to the context.
(a) Sol through white curtains shot a timorous ray,
And opened those eyes that must eclipse the day:
No lap-dogs give themselves the rousing shake,
And sleepless lovers, just at twelve, awake:
(b) Know further yet: whoever fair and chaste
Rejects mankind, is by some sylph embraced.
For spirits, freed from mortal laws, with ease
Assume what sexes and what shapes they please.
2. JOHN MILTON
(Paradise Lost Book I)
QUESTION NO. 9
Explain the following extracts with reference to the context.
(a) Of Man's first disobedience, and the fruit
Of that forbidden Tree, whose mortal taste
Brought death into the world, and all our woe,
With loss of Eden, till one greater Man
Restore us.
(b) Nine times the space that measures day and night
To mortal men, he with his horrid crew
Lay vanquished, rolling in the fiery gulf,
Confounded though immortal.
(c) A dungeon horrible, on all sided round,
As one great furnace flamed; yet from those flames
No light, but rather darkness visible
Served only to discover sights of woe.
(d) Regions of sorrow, doleful shades, where peace
And rest can never dwell, hope never comes
That comes to all.
QUESTION NO. 10
Explain the following extracts with reference to the context.
(a) "Fallen Cherub, to be weak is miserable,
Doing or suffering: but of this be sure,
To do aught good never will be our task,
But ever to do ill our sole delight.
(b) If then his providence
Our of our evil seek to bring forth good,
Our labour must be to pervert that end,
And out of good still to find means of evil;
(c) Infernal world! and thou, profoundest Hell,
Receive they new possessor, one who brings
A mind not to be changed by place or time.
(d) Here we may reign secure, and in my choice
1. GEOFFREY CHAUCER
(The Prologue to the Canterbury Tales)
QUESTION NO. 1
Explain the following extracts with reference to the context.
(a) That of hir smylyng was ful symple and coy;
Hire gretteste ooth was but by Seinte Loy;
And she was cleped Madame Eglentyne.
(b) And theron heng a brooch al with grene,
On which ther was first write a crowned A,
And after Amor Vincit Omnia.
(c) Therfore he was a prikasour aright:
Grehoundes he hadde as swift as fowel in flight;
Of prikyng and of huntyng for the hare
Was al his lust, for no cost wolde he spare.
(d) Ful wel biloved and famulier was he
1. GEOFFREY CHAUCER
(The Prologue to the Canterbury Tales)
QUESTION NO. 1
Explain the following extracts with reference to the context.
(a) That of hir smylyng was ful symple and coy;
Hire gretteste ooth was but by Seinte Loy;
And she was cleped Madame Eglentyne.
(b) Therfore he was a prikasour aright:
Grehoundes he hadde as swift as fowel in flight;
Of prikyng and of huntyng for the hare
Was al his lust, for no cost wolde he spare.
(c) Ful wel biloved and famulier was he
With frankeleyns over al in his contree,
And eek with worthy wommen of the toun;
QUESTION NO. 2
Explain the following extracts with reference to the context.
(a) Seint Julian he was in his contree.
His breed, his ale, was alweys after oon;
A bettre envyned man was nowher noon.
(b) He knew the cause of everich maladye,
Were it of hoot, or coold, or moyste, or drye,
And where they engendred, and of what homour.
(c) She was a worthy womman al hir lyve:
Housbondes at chirche dore she hadde fyve,
Withouten oother compaignye in youthe, --QUESTION NO. 3
Explain the following extracts with reference to the context.
(a) For if a preest be foul, on whom we truste,
No wonder is a lewed man to ruste;
And shame it is, if a prest take keep,
A shiten shepherde and a clean sheep.
(b) A bettre felawe sholde men noght fynde.
He wolde suffre for a quart of wyn
A good felawe to have his concubyn
A twelf mongh, and excuse hym atte fulle;
(c) Greet chiere made oure hoost us everichon,
And to the soper sette he us anon.
He served us with vitaille at the beste;
Strong was the wyn, and wel to drynke us leste.