Rolling paper - Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_paper

Rolling paper
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Rolling paper is a specialty paper used for making cigarettes (commercially manufactured filter
cigarettes and individually made roll-your-own cigarettes).

Contents
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History
Composition
Consumption
Taxation
Regulation
Actionism
Fire-resistant applications
References

Filter cigarette:
1. Cigarette filter
2. Imitation cork tip paper
3. Cigarette paper
4. Tobacco
5. Capsule (optional, not shown)
6. Ink (not shown)
7. Glue (not shown)

History
Composition
Cigarette paper is made from thin and lightweight "rag fibers"
(nonwood plant fibers) such as flax, hemp, sisal, rice straw, and
esparto. The paper is available in rolls and rectangular sheets of
varying sizes, and has a narrow strip of glue along one long
edge. It may be transparent, colored and flavored. It has a high
filler content and a basis weight of 18-28 g/m. To control the
smoking properties, this paper has a porosity that is suited to the
type of tobacco and contains additives that regulate burning.[1]
One critical paper characteristic is permeability; its primary
Several brands of rolling papers
physical influence is smoke dilution. Among the fillers used are
calcium carbonate to influence the permeability and color,
magnesium carbonate to improve ash color, or titanium oxide if a particularly white ash is required.[2]
Sodium potassium tartrate (Seignette's salt), sodium and potassium citrate are used as a combustion
regulator in cigarette paper, increased levels result in faster burning papers.[3] Poly(vinyl alcohol) in
aqueous solution is used for cigarette adhesives.[4]
Permeability is defined as the measure of the volume of air that flows through a specified area of
cigarette paper in a given unit of time. It is measured in CORESTA units. US commercial filter cigarette
brands have paper permeability between 14 and 51 CORESTA units. Increased cigarette paper
permeability results in increased smoke dilution with air.[5]
Other specialty papers for tobacco products are:

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Rolling paper - Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_paper

Imitation cork paper is a brownish yellow colored paper used for the production of cigarette tips.
It has an imitation cork imprint and joins the filter to the tobacco stick.
Filter encasing paper is used for the production of acetate and/or cellulose filters.
Cigar or cigarillo casing paper holds the chopped tobacco together and serves as the inner casing.

Consumption
In the United States, Tobacconist Magazine has called roll-your-own (RYO) the tobacco industry's
fastest growing segment. It estimates that 2-4% of US cigarette smokers, or approximately 2.6 million
people, make their own cigarettes. Many of these smokers have switched in response to increasingly
high taxes on manufactured cigarettes.[6]
In 2000, a Canadian government survey estimated that 9% of Canada's six million cigarette smokers
smoked hand-rolled cigarettes "sometimes or most of the time", 7% smoked roll-your-owns
"exclusively", and over 90% of rolling papers sold in Canada were for tobacco consumption. A more
recent 2009 study has shown that approximately 925,000 Canadians roll their own cigarettes.[7]
According to The Publican, "Low price RYO has seen an astonishing rise of 175 per cent in [2007] as
cigarette smokers look for cheaper alternatives and to control the size of their smoke".[8] Britain's
National Health Service has reported that roll-your-own use has more than doubled since 1990, from
11% to 24%. Many of these smokers apparently believe that hand rolled cigarettes are less harmful than
manufactured products,[9] although it is equally possible that the increase is due to the steep rise in
prices since the early 1990s to the present day.[10]
In Thailand, roll-your-own smokers have long exceeded those for manufactured brands;[11] the cheaper
papers without gum are kept constantly between the fingers during a smoke there. New Zealand reported
in 2005 that: 'The ratio of roll-your-own to manufactured or tailor-made cigarettes consumed by New
Zealanders has risen over (at least) the past decade, perhaps reflecting price differences between these
products, and currently approaching 50 percent overall.'[12]

Taxation
Consumers' switching to roll-your-own has led to a response among certain tax authorities. In the United
States, Indiana and Kentucky tax rolling papers. Kentucky set its tax at $0.25 per pack (for up to 32
leaves, larger packs are taxed at $0.0078 per leaf) in 2006 despite complaints from manufacturers.
Louisiana Revised Statute 47:338.261 allows up to $1.25 per pack at retail.

Regulation
The FDA stated in 2011 that each and every brand (including private labels) of cigarette rolling papers
sold in the USA must submit their ingredients and seek agency approval or withdraw from the
marketplace by March of that year if they had not been sold in the USA before February 15, 2007.[13]

Actionism
The Spanish brand of Smoking was formally charged in Spanish Court for using illegal carcinogenic
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_paper

materials in their cigarette papers to cut costs, namely esparto. However, the company was never
convicted.[14]

Fire-resistant applications
Fire-resistant cigarettes, which reduce the risk of fire from unattended cigarettes, are made with special
paper that includes a plastic compound, ethylene vinyl acetate. If a cigarette made with this type of paper
is left unattended, the plastic in the paper will help the cigarette self-extinguish.

References
1. Rudolf Patt; Othar Kordsachia; Richard
Sttinger; Yoshito Ohtani; Jochen F. Hoesch;
Peter Ehrler; Rudolf Eichinger; Herbert Holik;
Udo Hamm; Michael E. Rohmann; Peter
Mummenhoff; Erich Petermann; Richard F.
Miller; Dieter Frank; Renke Wilken; Heinrich L.
Baumgarten; Gert-Heinz Rentrop (2007), "Paper
and Pulp", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial
Chemistry (7th ed.), Wiley, pp.1157,
doi:10.1002/14356007.a18_545
2. T. C. Tso (2007), "Tobacco", Ullmann's
Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.),
Wiley, pp.126, doi:10.1002/14356007.a27_123
3. Jean-Maurice Kassaian (2007), "Tartaric Acid",
Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
(7th ed.), Wiley, pp.18,
doi:10.1002/14356007.a26_163
4. Manfred L. Hallensleben (2007), "Polyvinyl
Compounds, Others", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of
Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.), Wiley, pp.118,
doi:10.1002/14356007.a21_743
5. Ken Podraza, Basic Principles of Cigarette
Design and Function (PDF), Philip Morris USA
6. Iver Peterson, "Roll-your-owns cuts taxes", New
York Times, October 14, 2002.TTB stats
(http://www.ttb.gov/statistics
/200812tobacco.pdf).

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org

/w/index.php?title=Rolling_paper&oldid=743978800"

7. [1] (http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov
/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2666659).
8. The Publican - Home - Tobacco sales drop in
Scotland (http://www.thepublican.com
/story.asp?sectioncode=7&
storycode=55450&c=1).
9. BBC, "Smoker poll reveals roll-ups myth", May
30, 2006 Online copy (http://news.bbc.co.uk
/2/hi/health/5031088.stm).
10. http://nicare-ecigarettes-direct.co.uk/cigaretteprices-have-risen-by-80-since-1990/
11. "Cigarette Consumption", Thailand Health
Promotion Institute PDF document
(http://www.thpinhf.org
/Cigarette_consumption.pdf).
12. Ministry of Health, "Seeing through the Smoke:
Tobacco Monitoring in New Zealand", Public
Health Intelligence: Occasional Bulletin (26),
2005 PDF document (http://www.moh.govt.nz
/moh.nsf
/0/EE0D7A5314318292CC257014000078DF
/$File/seeingthroughthesmoke.pdf).
13. http://www.fda.gov/downloads/TobaccoProducts
/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation
/UCM239021.pdf
14. "El fabricante de 'Smoking' niega que su papel de
fumar lleve productos cancergenos" (in Spanish).
20 minutos. 2006-07-19. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
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