2015 5th International Conference on Information Science and Technology (IClST)

April 24--26, 2015, Changsha, Hunan, China

Constructing Smart Campus Network Based on Ubiquitous Sensor

Technology
Min Guo, Jing Guo

Abstract-With the evolution of digital campus in universities

and colleges, the function of campus network gradually converts
from mono network service into stereo smart network services.
This paper mainly discusses the architecture and topology of
stereo smart campus based on ubiquitous sensor network
technologies, such as cloud computing, RFID, middleware and
so on. Firstly, the design idea of this smart campus network is
given, and then its architecture and topology are designed to
promote learning research, innovate and develop capacity

technologies, this paper mainly discusses the architecture and

topology of stereo smart campus. The paper is organized as
follows. Section II analyzes the design idea of smart campus
network. Its architecture and topology are proposed to
promote learning research, innovate and develop capacity in
Section III. Sensor computing group of smart campus
network is given in SectionN, while Section V is devoted for
the concluding remark.

through the use of existing network facilities in colleges and

universities.

Finally,

its

service

systems

and

technical

framework are proposed based on an intelligent spatial region

perception network.

I.

INTRODUCTION

IGITAL campus is committed to promoting learning

research, innovation and developing capacity through
the use of appropriate technology. With the development
of network structure, as well as wireless and wired
convergence, digital campus has focused on customer-centric
innovation, persistently searching for new ways to solve
problems and build a stronger education ecosystem [1], but at
present it is unable to satisfy these needs, and fail to provide
the variety integrated information services to implement
modernization
educational
and
educational
informationization. The Campus network should be gradually
converted from mono network access services into stereo
smart network application services with unified portal,
services fusion and data fusion capability [2]. Smart campus
takes use of cloud computing, virtualization technology,
networking and other new technologies to change the living
way of students, faculty to interact with each other. The
campus's teaching, research, administration and resources
application systems is integrated to improve application
clarity, flexibility and speed of response interaction, enabling
intelligent services and management campus model. Recently,
solution based on self-service terminal [ 3-4], cloud
computing [5-7], software engineering techniques [8-9],
RFID method [10-11] and other techniques [12-15] have been
proposed. The application of ubiquitous sensor technology
has brought a new revolution to the development of smart
campus network [16]. Based on ubiquitous sensor network

Manuscript received Jan 14, 2015. This work was supported in part by the
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant
XDJK2014C015, and supported by Doctor Funds of Southwest University
under Grant SWU112056.
Min Guo is with the Network & Information Center, Wuhan University of
Technology Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P. R. China.
Jing Guo is with the College of Electronics and Information Engineering,
Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. china. (phone: +86023
88021412; fax: +86023 88021412; e-mail: poem24@163.com).

978-1-4799-7489-4/15/$31.00 2015 IEEE

II.

THE DESIGN IDEA OF SMART CAMPUS NETWORK

Smart Campus network is a digitally augmented physical

world where instrumented objects and spaces are intelligently
perceptive and made responsive to the state of the campus
environment and its users. By using advanced information
technologies, such as Internet of Things, Cloud Computing,
Mobile Internet, Integrated Application, Application Layer
Data Exchange, and so on, Smart Campus network can
provide high sensing capacity, synergistic capacity and
service ability to change the living way of students, faculty to
interact with each other. Besides, smart campus network also
must have ability to satisfy teaching, management and study
informative application requirements. Hence, its design
objectives are defmed as follows:
1) This network can integrate existing hardware resource
with software resource into a stereo network, and
integrate disperse and independent information system
into an application platform.
2) This network can merge campus office automation
system, smart card system, all kinds of MIS and variety
application system into information processing system in
order to satisfy the multi-level requirements of teaching,
research, management and campus life.
3) This network can fuse data exchange and integration,
user management, unified identity authentication,
business data integration and information resource into
unitary business application systems for meeting wide
rang of multimedia information transmission demands.
4) This network can perceive own surroundings, content,
language and culture, hence obtain seamless integration
architecture and has a sustainable, advanced, open, smart,
high sensing, synergistic capabilities.
In order to attain above objectives, all network facilities
need to be connected by the Internet to provide all kinds of
application environment and application software systems.
Simultaneously, all network resources including traditional
campus network infrastructure, existing network computing
hardwires, storage devices, software systems, data resources,
information resources and application system resources need

to be integrated into a smartly virtualized pool and/or shared

information resources library. And a comprehensive logic
resource pool and software/hardware resources library can
also be accomplished, which can allocate system resources
according to user needs and flexibly distribute these
resources to each business unit according to its needs, to
maximize resource use efficiency.
Based on above analyses, fmally some design principles of
the smart campus are given.
1) Fusing present mechanism and strategies to build a
smart campus model and technology architecture. Based
on existing network infrastructure and all kinds of
service systems, also including computing methods,
data fusion algorithms and information extraction
patterns, smart campus network architecture can be
constructed via integrating existing facilities and
ubiquitous sensor technology.
2) Developing the needs-service unified modeling
language which is suitable to smart campus. The
modeling language is a standard language for
specifying, visualizing, constructing, and documenting
the artifacts of software systems, as well as for business
modeling and other non-software systems. The language
uses mostly graphical notations to express the design of
software projects. Using the language helps smart
campus to discern and deal with target needs and
services, to distinguish object circumstance, and to
collect all context information and user requirements by
logic inferring and digging mechanism. Using the
language contributes to developing a semantic
description method and a standard to supply access
interface of discovery service between users and
services. Hence, the real state of user requirements can
be achievement by recognizing objective intention and
using expression mechanism from data mining
techniques. On the Basis of mechanism, the initiative
and reliability of service exploring can be improved, and
diversity of requirements can also be effectively
recognized by defining contextual mode with demand
information. Furthermore, active smart campus
information service based on the contextual mode can be
obtained by combining user potential needs from
systematic analysis aspects and their intention
recognition.
3) Building a suitable smart service platform. By exploit
cloud computing, pervasive computing methods,
sharing mechanism of network information and services,
the user services can be transparent to different
platforms and networks. In other words, no matter where
you are and no matter which network environment you
are connecting to, as long as the smart networks are
accessed by corresponding service network with
abstracted business interface and device interface, you
are available for the necessary information service.
Finally, this "platform and service" access mode can be
obtained to satisfy user's individual requirements,
conveniently.

III.

ARCHITECTURE OF SMART CAMPUS NETWORK

The whole goal of smart campus service architecture is to

meet the demands of teaching, research, management, and
campus life and to maximize the benefits by taking full
advantages of the information processing and network
computing technologies. The goal is also to connect all
network devices together, including tightly link information
processing points with central network construction by
network devices so as to provide a smart work-flow
environment for all kinds of application systems. Its ultimate
aim is to promote learning research, innovation and
developing capacity through the use of appropriate
technology. The proposed architecture of smart campus
structure is divided into three-layers including the recognition
layer, application layer and event layer, as show in Fig.l.
In the bottom layer of the proposed architecture, the

recognition layer can reap campus information from

hardware devices and network environment to accomplish
manage and feedback work. The recognition layer based on
three sub- layers including transport, access and device
sub-layer is designed to provide mobile device access,
resource discovery abilities, authorization administration,
quality of service control, network monitoring, congestion
control, energy preservation and other resource management
actIVItIes. In three sub-layer structure, device sub-layer
including mobile phones, pad and all kinds of intelligent

terminal access device, audio visual equipment, radio

frequency identification (RFID), sensor, global positioning
system and other environment recognition devices, is the
infrastructure of campus network recognition and is used to
collect, capture and recognize campus activities information,
such as identification, environment status, person position,
user requirements and so on. The access layer is a
communication network interface which is used to perceive
device visit and to transform the existing hardware devices
into corresponding semantic information. These devices of
the sublevel have wire/wireless equipments, 3G/4G mobile
systems, sensor network gateway, RFID reader and
middleware. This sub-layer controls user and workgroup
access to internetwork resources. The transport sub-layer
including variety application bags, communication models,
location identification plug and energy recognition plug is a
high performance and extensible grouping network channel
which has abilities to support different identity access and
mobile access based on unified Internet data packages. This
transport sub-layer is used to transform all environmental
perception information into relevant semantic information
and then to analyze this perception information, finally to
exchanged these related information with the upper sub-layer.
The application layer, located in the middle of the
proposed architecture, is used to afford service discovery,
status information updating and services portfolio recording,
and hence to construct the pervasive application models for
assembling and coordinating the implementation of variety
application servers. With the development of digital campus,
colleges and universities have already established their own
identification system and data center. Massive static data, for
example, personal information data, student's information
data, asset information data and other type datum are stored in
datum center, and cloud computing and cloud service
platform have been built preliminarily. The smart campus
network may make full use of those static data to set up the
dynamic data warehouse based on the ubiquitous sensor
technique. The dynamic data warehouse is a federated
repository for all the data that a campus's various business
systems collect, which will be constituted to support various
smart servers of digital campus network. Typically, the data
warehouse is housed on a campus mainframe server. Data
from various online office processing applications and other
sources is selectively extracted for use by analytical
applications and user queries.
The event layer, located at the top of the proposed
architecture, is used to build, assemble, and coordinate the
life circus of a certain event. The layer is also responsible for
validity and integrity of the event processing and is in charge
of
trigger
judgment,
coordination,
carry-over,
communication, performances and state of various campus
applications. The layer may merge existing variety digital
application systems and may integrate all the information
service of each kind of application systems in order to realize
various functions of smart campus. The public service
supporting sub-layer, a sub-layer locating middle position
between application layer and event layer, is a new logical

functional entity for achieving the open and compatible

abilities of smart campus network. The sub-layer is a
centralized and universal platform which has the unified
management function of various resources, network
performance, device status, and user information. The
sub-layer may shield the isomerism of different networks and
the complexity of variety protocol, and hence provide an open
programming interface for all kinds of Internet technology
applications.
IV. TOPOLOGY OF SENSOR COMPUTING GROUP IN SMART
CAMPUS NETWORK

In the smart campus architecture, as show in Fig.l, the

sensor network is defined as the cognitive network with a
cognitive process that can perceive current network
conditions, plan, decide, act on those conditions, learn from
the consequences of its actions, all while following
end-to-end goals [17-18]. Its sensor computing group
topology is showed in Fig.2.
Each sensor computing group is deployed with the

numerous cognitive devices, such as servicer, applications of

a certain density, RFID reader, sensor consonance, audio and
etc. Every sensor device has its unique ID number, and sensor
devices in a certain area can form an ordinary sensor node N
(S_node), symbolized by its position and type. Connecting
S_node to others is controlling node C (C node). The C node
is a communication and information processing hub ofany
S_nodes. The S_node has a capacity to manage all the sensor
devices within its sensor computing group field and a
capacity to deal with the information fusion. On this basis,
the S_node may automated analyze, sort and collate the

information of multi sensor sources by using data fusion

technologies and using computer analyzing techniques, and
then, the S_node may submit them to the superior control
nodes (C_node). The existing of C_node can decrease the
data concurrent blockage, save energy of nodes and prolong
the life cycle of networks so as to increase the efficiency and
speed of service discovery. The C_nodes have many subtly
functions as follows.
1) The C_nodes may manage own resources, provide query
and route service to the subordinate S node.
2) The C_nodes may integrate all the sensor information
from the S_nodes, and then eliminate information
redundant.
3) The C_nodes may concern important information from
the sensor information, minimize them and transmit them
to superior server farm for further handing.
Each C_node within an intelligent space can form a Peer to
Peer network by DHT (distributed hash table). In the DHT,
each C_node is of the same status. They can communicate
and exchange resource with others directly, and can also be
extended to a distributed load network if it is necessary.
Each sensor computing group in each smart campus has the
capacity of doing data fusion calculation, called the
immersion calculation, which means that the information
sensed by all sensor devices will be converted to the unified
data specification. As a basic storage unit of smart campus
network, sensor computing group has its independent data
specification form. Analogously, the information processing
of whole campus network may be calculated as the unified
data specification by regional data fusion mean.
The sensor computing group has a capacity to adaptively
recognize network activities and learn new algorithms.
Recognizing is the set of all mental abilities and processes
related to information processing. That is to say, the sensor
computing group can adaptively acquire information from
input datum and then deal with them in some way to solve the
problems and make useful decisions. Learning is the act of
acquiring new or modifying and reinforcing, existing
algorithm, regulations, and may involve synthesizing
different types of information. In other words, the sensor
computing group can operate by building a model from
example inputs and using that to make predictions or
decisions, rather than following strictly static decision
instructions. Based on the cognition and learning abilities,
sensor computing group can dynamically adapt its
operational parameters in response to user needs or changing
environmental conditions. It can learn from these adaptations
and exploit knowledge to make future decisions, and hence
enable users to focus on things other than configuring and
managing networks.

learning research, innovate and develop capacity through the

use of existing network facilities in colleges and universities.
Its service systems and technical framework are proposed
based on an intelligent spatial region perception network.
These methods may promote the development of a
convenient and thoughtful campus life.
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V.

CONCLUSION

Smart campus network has been become one of the main

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management, study and living. This paper mainly discusses
the topology of stereo smart campus based on ubiquitous
sensor network technologies. The design idea of this smart
campus network and its architecture are designed to promote

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