Ansys Lab Manual

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
BTech IV year -1st sem as per JNTU ANANTAPUR
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL
INDEX
EXP.NO
DATE
TOPIC
PAG
E.N
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AUTO CAD
O
03
1.
2D SKETCH 1
04-05
2.
2D SKETCH 2
06-07
3.
2D SKETCH 3
08
PART MODELING(SOLID WORKS)
09
INTRODUCTION
10-12
1.
CAMERA BODY
13-17
2.
AUTOMOBILE WHEEL
18-23
3.
ROPE
24-27
ANSYS-14
28
INTRODUCTION
29-30
1.
STEPPED BAR(TAPER BAR)
31-36
2.
TRUSS
37-42
3.
NATURAL FRQUENCY
43-49
4.
WALLS
50-57
CAM
58
INTRODUCTION
59-63
1.
FACING CYCLE
64-65
2.
TURNING CYCLE
66-67
3.
LINEAR & CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION

(MILLING)
CFD NOZZLE
68-69
4.
71-84
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Auto CAD
1. SKETCH-1
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Aim: To develop a 2D model of given figure as per the given dimentions.

Apparatus: Windows operating system, CAD 2010 Software ,600 x 450 pixels Graphics
system, plotters.
Program:
1. Command: Rectangle
Specify first corner point or (chamfer/elevation/fillet/thickness/width)
Specify other corner point or (Dimensions)
:@550,400
2. Command: Explode:
Selected objects
:1
3. Command: Chamfer:
Select first line or (polyline/distance)
:d
(Angle/trim/method)
Specify first chamfer distance
Specify second chamfer distance
: 125 mm
: 200 mm
Select first line or (polyline/distance/Angle/trim/method): Select second line.

4. Command: Circle
Specify center point for circle: (3p/2p/ttr (tan tan radius)
Specify radius of circle or (Diameter)
: 50 mm
Specify center point for circle or (3p/2p/ttr (tan tan radius) :

Specify radius of circle or (Diameter)
:100 mm
5. Command: Circle
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Specify center point for circle or(3p/2p/ttr(tan tan radius)

Specify radius of circle or Diameter
: 50mm
6.Command: Dimension
Marking all the dimensions as per the given dimensions.
Result: The 2D model is obtained as per the given Dimensions.
425.0000
100.0000
200.0000
300.0000
550.0000
2.SKETCH-2
Aim: To develop a 2D model of given figure as per the given dimensions.
Apparatus: windows operating system.CAD 2010 SOFTWARE, 200 X 190 Graphics
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system, plotter
Program:
1. Command: Rectangle
Specify first corner point or (chamfer/elevation/fi;;et/thickness/width):
Specify other corner point or: @150, 92.5.
2. Command: Explode
Select objects
:1
3. Command: Chamfer
Select objects: 1
4. Command: chamfer
Select first line or (polyline/distance/angle/trim/method) :d
Specify first chamfer distance: 25mm
Specify second chamfer distance
: 25
Select first line or (polyline /distance/angle/trim/method):
Select second line:
5. Command: chamfer
Select first line or
(Poly line/distance/angle/trim/method) :d
Specify first chamfer distance: 25
Specify second chamfer distance :25
Select first line or (polyline/distance/angle/trim/method):
Select second line:
6. Command: line
Specify first point
Specify next point or (undo):@7.5<270
Specify next point or (undo) @50<180
Specify next point or (undo)@10<90
Specify next point or (undo)@70<180
Specify next point or (undo) 35<270
7. Command: Chamfer
Select first line or (polyline/distance/angle/trim/method) :d
Specify first chamfer distance: 12.5
Specify second chamfer distance: 12.5
Select first line or
(Polyline/distance/angle/trim/method):
Select second line:
8. Command: Mirror
Select objects
Specify first point of mirror line:
Specify second point of mirror line:
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Delete source objects?(yes/no) :n

9. Command: Dimension
Marking all the dimensions of the figure by using dimension commands.
Results: The 2D model is obtained as per the given dimensions.
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3. SKETCH-3
Aim: To develop a 2Dmodel of given figure as per the given dimensions

Apparatus: Windows operating system, CAD2002 software, 350*250graphics system
Plotter
Program:
1) Command: rectangle
Specify first corner point or [chamfer/elevation/fillet/thickness/width]:
Specify other point or[Dimensions] :@300,200
2) Command: chamfer
Select first line or [Poly line / distance / angle /trim/ method]: d
Specify second chamfer distance: 50
Select first line or [Poly line / distance / angle/ trim/method]:
Select second line:
4) Command: chamfer
Select first line or [Poly line / distance / angle / trim / method]:
Specify first line or [Poly line / distance / angle / trim / method]:
Select second line
5) Command: line
Specify first point
:
Specify next point or [undo]: @25< 900
Specify next point or [undo]: @75<00
6) Command: dimension
Making all the dimensions as per the figure by using aligned command
Result
The 2D model is obtained as per the given dimensions
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Part
Modeling
Solid Works
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Basics of Solids Modeling with Solid Works

Introduction
Solid Works is the state of the art in computer-aided design (CAD). Solid Works
represents an object in a virtual environment just as it exists in reality, i.e., having volume
as well as surfaces and edges. This, along with exceptional ease of use, makes Solid
Works a powerful design tool. Complex three-dimensional parts with contoured surfaces
and detailed features can be modeled quickly and easily with Solid-Works. Then, many
parts can be assembled in a virtual environment to create a computer model of the
finished product. In addition, traditional engineering drawings can be easily extracted
from the solids models of both the parts and the final assembly. This approach opens the
door to innovative design concepts, speeds product development, and minimizes design
errors. The result is the ability to bring high-quality products to market very quickly.
CONSTRAINT-BASED SOLIDS MODELING
The constraint-based solids modeling used in Solid Works makes the modeling
process intuitive. The 3-D modeling begins with the creation of a 2-D sketch of the
profile for the cross section of the part. The sketch of the cross section begins much like
the freehand sketch of the face of an object. The initial sketch need not be particularly
accurate; it needs only to reflect the basic geometry of the parts cross-sectional shape.
Details of the cross section are added later. The next step is to constrain the twodimensional sketch by adding enough dimensions and parameters to completely define
the shape and size of the two-dimensional profile. The name constraint-based modeling
arises because the shape
of the initial two-dimensional sketch is constrained by adding dimensions to the sketch.
Finally, a three-dimensional object is created by revolving or extruding the twodimensional sketched profile. Figure 1 shows the result of revolving a simple L-shaped
cross section by 270o about an axis and extruding the same L-shaped cross section along
an axis.
In either case, these solid bodies form the basic geometric solid shapes of the part.
Other features can be added subsequently to modify the basic solid shape. Once the solids
model is generated using Solid Works, all of the surfaces have been automatically
defined, so it is possible to shade it in order to create a photorealistic appearance. It is
also easy to generate two-dimensional orthographic views of the object. Solid modeling
is like the sculpting of a virtual solid volume of material. Because the volume of the
object is properly represented in a solids model, it is possible to slice through the object
and show a view of the object that displays the interior detail (sectional views). Once
several solid objects have been created, they can be assembled in a virtual environment to
confirm their fit and to visualize the assembled product. Solids models are useful for
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purposes other than visualization. The solids model contains a complete mathematical
representation of the object, inside and out. This mathematical representation is easily
converted into specialized computer code that can be used for stress analysis, heat
transfer analysis, fluid-flow analysis, and computer-aided manufacturing. Getting Started
in Solid Works, Introduction and Reference Solid Works Corporation developed Solid
Works as a three-dimensional, feature-based, solids-modeling system for personal
computers.
Solid modeling represents objects in a computer as volumes, rather than just as
collections of edges and surfaces. Features are three-dimensional geometries with direct
analogies to shapes that can be machined or manufactured, such as holes or rounds.
Feature-based solid modeling creates and modifies the geometric shapes of an object in a
way that represents common manufacturing processes. This makes Solid Works a very
powerful and effective tool for engineering design. As compared with other computer
programs, Solid Works organizes and stores data in files. Each file has a name followed
by a period (dot) and an extension. There are several file types used in Solid Works, but
the most common file types and their extensions are
Part files .prt or .sldprt
Assembly files .asm or .sldasm
Drawing files .drw or .slddrw
Part files are the files of the individual parts that are modeled. Part files contain all
of the pertinent information about the part. Because Solid Works is a solids-modeling
program, the virtual part on the screen will look very similar to the actual manufacture
part. Assembly files are created from several individual part files that are virtually
assembled (in the computer) to create the finished product. Awing files are the two
dimensional engineering drawing representations of both the part and assembly file. The
drawings should contain all of the necessary information for the manufacture of the part,
including dimensions, part tolerances, and so on. The part file is the driving file for all
other file types. The modeling procedure begins with part files. Subsequent assemblies
and drawings are based on the original part files. One advantage of Solid Works files is
the feature of dynamic links. Any change to a part file will automatically be updated in
any corresponding assembly or drawing file.
Tool bars:
The Sketch toolbar contains tools to set up and manipulate a sketch.
The Sketch Tools toolbar contains tools to draw lines, circles, rectangles, arcs, and
so on.
The Sketch Relations toolbar contains tools for constraining elements of a sketch
by using dimensions or relations.
The Features toolbar contains tools that modify sketches and existing features of a
part.
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The Standard toolbar contains the usual commands available for manipulating
files (Open, Save, Print, and so on), editing documents (Cut, Copy, and Paste),
and accessing Help.
The Standard Views toolbar contains common orientations for a model.
The View toolbar contains tools to orient and rescale the view of a part.
Line: creates a straight line.
Center point Arc: creates a circular arc from a center point, a start point, and an
end point.
Tangent Arc: creates a circular arc tangent to an existing sketch entity.
3 Pt Arc: creates a circular arc through three points.
Circle: creates a circle.
Spline: creates a curved line that is not a circular arc.
Polygon: creates a regular polygon.
Rectangle: creates a rectangle.
Point creates: a reference point that is used for constructing other sketch entities.
Centerline: creates a reference line that is used for constructing other sketch
entities.
Convert Entities: creates a sketch entity by projecting an edge, curve, or contour
onto the sketch plane.
Mirror: reflects entities about a centerline.
Fillet: creates a tangent arc between two sketch entities by rounding an inside or
an outside corner.
Offset: Entities creates a sketch curve that is offset from a selected sketch entity
by a specified distance.
Trim: removes a portion of a line or curve.
Construction Geometry: creates entities that aid in sketching.
Linear Sketch Step and Repeat: creates a linear pattern of sketch entities.
Circular Sketch Step and Repeat: creates a circular pattern of sketch entities.
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1.Camera Body
AIM:
To model the given object using the Extrusion feature as per the dimensions given.
Description of Extrusion Future:

Base Feature:
The first feature to be created.
The foundation of the part.
The base feature geometry for the box is an extrusion.
To create an Extruded Base Feature:
1. Select a sketch plane.
Sketch a 2D profile of the square model as shown in the figure

Select front plane
Right click select insert sketch
Sketch a 2D profile of the square model
Give the dimension and it should come fully define
Ok exit sketch
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2. Extrude the sketch perpendicular to sketch plane

(Select Insert Boss/Bass Extrude) ok
3. Draw a circle of Diameter 50 mm,

Select front plane to draw the 2D circle of dia 50 >
Give the dimension and it should come fully define >
Ok exit sketch
It adds material to the part and requires a sketch.
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6. Extrude the sketch perpendicular to sketch plane

Select the sketch and then ( select Insert Boss/Bass Extrudeok
4. Draw the circle for the Diameter of 35 mm and

Select front plane to draw the 2D circle of dia 35 >
Give the dimension it should come fully define >
Ok > exit sketch
(Select Insert cut Extruded)Feature:
It Removes material from the part and also it requires a sketch.
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5. Fillet Feature:
Round the edges of faces of a part to a specified radius.
(SelectinsertFeaturefillet)
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Procedure:
1. Select a sketch plane (Front, top or side)
2. Sketch a 2D profile of the model.
3. Dimension the model using smart Dimensions icon.
4. Check the sketch is fully defined
5. Extrude the sketch perpendicular to sketch plane.
6. Use extrude cut feature to cut the solid as given in the drawing.
Result:
Thus the given model is extruded.
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2. Automobile Wheel
AIM:
To model the given object using the Revolve and circular pattern feature as per the
dimensions given.
1. Create a 2D sketch on Front Plane as shown in the figure.
(Right click the Front plane>insert sketch and draw the 2D sketch)
Note: All the 2D sketches drawn should be fully Defined and there should not be
any under defined)and use ( click Add Relation and Smart Dimensions)
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1. Revolve, the sketch to 360 degree on top sketched line, by (Insert>

Boss/Base>Revolve) ok.
2. Create circle of 2D sketch of Diameter of 121.92 mm, on right plane and extrude
to 50.8mm
(Select the face by (Enter Space bar> double click the Normal plane)
and Draw the 2D sketch as given above
Extrude by (Insert>Boss/Base>Extrude)) ok.
3.
Draw the sketch on edge wheel face, sketch for arm hole ,
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Select the face by (Enter Space bar> double click the Normal plane)
and Draw the 2D sketch as given below
4. And remove the material by (Insert>cut>Extrude), through all, OK.
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5. Add fillet R12.7mm inner(Insert>Features>Fillet/Round),add fillet 5.08mm for

corner ok
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6. Click Circular Pattern ,click (View>Temporary Axes,) select center axis as

rotation axis
8.( Give 360 degree and 5 equal spacing) , Select Cut-Extrude1, Fillet1 and Fillet2
as a Features to Pattern. OK.
7. Click on hub face, insert sketch, sketch center circle diameter 69.85mm. Extrude
Cut to 12.7mm deep.(Insert>cut>Extrude).
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8. Add chamfer 12.7mm to inner cut and add chamfer 6.35mm to wheel edge ok
done. .(Insert>Feature>chamfer).
Result:
Thus the given model is completed.
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3. Three layer Rope

AIM:
To model the given object using the Sweep and circular step and repeat feature as per
the dimensions given.
1. Create a spline curve sketch on Front Plane.
(Front planeInsert SketchDraw the spline using spline tool bar right
clickend spline)
( select close dialog box andexit sketch.)

2.and another spline curve sketch on top plane
(select Top planeInsert Sketchclick Space bar and double click the Normal
plane Draw the spline using spline tool barright clickend spline)
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( select close dialog box and exit sketch.)

3.create 3D plane curve
(using, insert curve projected, select Two (cures)sketches ,
when we rotate the geometry it will show 3D curve. Click OK.
4.at one end of the 3D curve, create new plane.

(Insert Reference Geometry plane),select curve end point and edge curve
and OK.
5.create a circle with suitable dimensions, nearby end of the spline curve.
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6.Before finishing sketch(select Tools sketch tools circular step and

repeat) from that given number of rope layers.( 3 or 4). OK and select finish
sketch.
7.Take sweep (insert boss/base sweep) command and give

select profile and there relative circle, and
select path there relative curve,
options orientation /twist type(select along path),
Define by select turns give the valve of 50 to 100). ok done.
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Result:
Thus the given model is completed.
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ANSYS -14
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The Purpose of FEA

Analytical Solution
Stress analysis for trusses, beams, and other simple structures are carried out based on
dramatic simplification and idealization:
mass concentrated at the center of gravity
beam simplified as a line segment (same cross-section)
Design is based on the calculation results of the idealized structure & a large safety
factor (1.5-3) given by experience.
FEA
Design geometry is a lot more complex; and the accuracy requirement is a lot higher.
We need
To understand the physical behaviors of a complex object (strength, heat transfer
capability, fluid flow, etc.)
To predict the performance and behavior of the design to calculate the safety margin;
and to identify the weakness of the design accurately; and
To identify the optimal design with confidence.
Brief History
1. Grew out of aerospace industry
2. Post-WW II jets, missiles, space flight
3. Need for light weight structures
4. Required accurate stress analysis
5. Paralleled growth of computers.
Common FEA Applications
Mechanical/Aerospace/Civil/Automotive
Engineering
Structural/Stress Analysis
Static/Dynamic
Linear/Nonlinear
Fluid Flow
Heat Transfer
Electromagnetic Fields
Soil Mechanics
Acoustics
Biomechanics
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A GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

Preprocessing
Define the geometric domain of the problem.
Define the element type(s) to be used (Chapter 6).
Define the material properties of the elements.
Define the geometric properties of the elements (length, area, and the like).
Define the element connectivities (mesh the model).
Define the physical constraints (boundary conditions). Define the loadings.
Solution
computes the unknown values of the primary field variable(s)
computed values are then used by back substitution to compute additional, derived
variables, such as
reaction forces, element stresses, and heat flow.
Post processing
Postprocessor software contains sophisticated routines used for sorting, printing, and
plotting
Selected results from a finite element solution.
Beam Element
The usual assumptions of elementary beam theory are applicable here:
1. The beam is loaded only in the y direction.
2. Deflections of the beam are small in comparison to the characteristic dimensions of the
beam.
3. The material of the beam is linearly elastic, isotropic, and homogeneous. The beam is
prismatic and the cross section has an axis of symmetry in the plane of bending
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1. STEPPED BAR
AIM: For stepped bar to find the nodal displacement, stress in each element at the fixed
end.A1 = 200 mm^2, A 2 = 100 mm^2 and E1 = E2 = 200GPa.
200 mm
1000 N
100 mm
500 N
PREPROCESSING
1.Main Menu > Preprocessor> Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete >Add >Structural Link >
3D finit stn 180> OK>Close.
2.Main Menu >Preprocessor > real Constants >Add/Edit/Delete >Add >OK
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Cross-Sectional area AREA > Enter 200 >Add >OK
Cross-sectional area AREA >Enter 100 >OK >Close.

3. Main Menu >Preprocessor >Material Props >Material Models
Material Model Number 1,click Structural >Linear >Elastic >Isotropic
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Enter EX = 200E3 and PRXY = 0.3 >OK

(Close the Define Material Model Behavior window.)
Create the Nodes and elements. As it is stated in the problem that uses 2 element model
Hence create 3 nodes and 2 elements.
4. Main MENU >Preprocessor > Modeling >Create > Nodes >In Active CS Enter the
coordinates of node 3>OK.
5. Main Menu >Preprocessor >Modeling > Create >Elements > Elem Attributes > OK
>Auto Numbered > Thru nodes Pick The 1st and 2nd node >OK.
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Elem Attributes >change the Real content set number to 2 >OK>Auto Numbered >thru
nodes Pick the 2nd and 3rd node >OK.
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6.Main Menu >Preprocessor >loads >Define Loads >Apply >Structural >Displacement

>On Nodes Pick the 1st node >Apply >All DOF = 0 >OK.
7. Main Menu >Preprocessor >loads >Define Loads >Apply >Structural >Force/Moment

>On nodes Pick the 3rd Node >Ok >Force/Moment value = 500 in FX direction
>OK>Force/Moment >On Nodes pick the 2nd node >OK >Force/Moment value = -1000
in FX direction.
The model-building step is now complete, and we can process to the solution. First to be
safe, save the model.
Solution. The interactive solution proceeds.
8.Main MENU >Solution >Solve >Current LS >OK
The/STATUS Command window displays the problem parameters and the Solve Current
Load Step window is shown. Check the solution options in the/STATUS window and if
all is OK,select File >Close.
In the Solve Current Load Step window, Select OK, and when the solution is complete,
close the Solution is Done! Window.
POSTPROCESSING
We can now plot the results of this analysis and also list the computed values.
9. Main Menu>General postproc >Plot Results >Contour Plot >Nodal Solu >DOF
>Solution >Displacement vector sum >OK.
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10.Main Menu >General Postproc >Element Table >Define Table >ADD Select
Bysequence num and LS and type 1 after LS as shown in fig. >OK
11.Main Menu >General Post Proc >Plot Results >Contour Plot >Elem Table >Select
LS1 >OK
Stress pattern for stepped bar
Result:
Thus the given model is simulated and verified stress and deflection.
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2. TRUSS
AIM: Determine the nodal displacements, element stresses and support reactions for the
three members truss A = 800 mm^2 and E = 200GPa for all members.
12 KN
8 KN
1.5 m
2m
2m
PREPROCESSING
1. Main Menu > Preprocessor> Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete >Add >Structural
Link > 3D finit stn 180> OK>Close.
2. Main Menu >Preprocessor > real Constants >Add/Edit/Delete >Add >OK
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Create the Nodes and elements. As it is stated in the problem that uses 2 element model
hence create 3 nodes and 2 elements.
5. Main Menu >Preprocessor >Modeling > Create >Elements > Elem Attributes > OK
>Auto Numbered > Thru nodes Pick The 1st and 2nd node >OK.
Elem Attributes >change the Real content set number to 2 >OK>Auto Numbered >thru
nodes Pick the 2nd and 3rd node >OK.
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6. Main Menu >Preprocessor >loads >Define Loads >Apply >Structural >Displacement

>On Nodes Pick the 1st node >Apply >All DOF = 0 >OK
7. Main Menu >Preprocessor >loads >Define Loads >Apply >Structural

>Force/Moment > On nodes Pick the 2nd Node >Ok >Force/Moment value = 8000
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in FX direction >OK>Force/Moment >On Nodes pick the 2nd node >OK

>Force/Moment value = -12000 in FY direction.
Main Menu >Preprocessor >loads >Define Loads >Apply >Structural
>Displacement >On Nodes Pick the 3rd node >Apply >FY = 0 >OK
The model-building step is now complete, and we can process to the solution. First to be
safe, save the model.
Solution. The interactive solution proceeds.
8. Main MENU >Solution >Solve >Current LS >OK
The/STATUS Command window displays the problem parameters and the Solve Current
Load Step window is shown. Check the solution options in the/STATUS window and if
all is OK, select File >Close.
In the Solve Current Load Step window, Select OK, and when the solution is complete,
close the Solution is Done! Window.
POSTPROCESSING
We can now plot the results of this analysis and also list the computed values.
9. Main Menu>General Postproc >Plot Results >Contour Plot >Nodal Solu >DOF
>Solution >Displacement vector sum >OK.
10.Main Menu >General Postproc >Element Table >Define Table >ADD Select
Bysequence num and LS and type 1 after LS as shown in fig. >OK.
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11. Main Menu >General Post Proc >Plot Results >Contour Plot >Elem Table >Select
LS1 >OK.
Result:
Thus the given model is simulated and verified stress and deflection.
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3. Natural Frequency of Cantilever Beam

AIM: To Determine the First Two Natural Frequencies.
2.5 m
Let E = 207 GPa, Poissons Ratio = 0.3, Length L= 2.5m,Cross sectional

Area A= 1m^2,Mass Density =7800 kg/m^3.
PREPROCESSING
1.Main Menu > Preprocessor> Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete >Add >Structural Link >
3D finit stn 180> OK>Close.
2.Main Menu >Preprocessor > real Constants >Add/Edit/Delete >Add >OK
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Cross sectional AREA >Enter 1 >OK>Close.

Enter the Material Properties.

Click structural >Linear >Density =7800
Create the Key points and lines as shown in the figure.
.
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Key point number
1
2
Date :
Key point locations
X coordinate
0
2.5
Y coordinate
0
0
5.Main Menu >Preprocessor >Modeling >Create >Lines >Lines >Stright Line Pick the 1
st and 2 nd key point >OK.
Page 45

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
6.Main Menu >Preprocessor >Messing >Size Controls >Manual Size >Lines >All Lines
>Enter NDIV No.of Element divisions =10.
7. Main Menu >preprocessor>Meshing>Mesh>Lines>Click Pick All
8. Main Menu >Solution>Analysis Type>New Analysis>Select Model>OK.
Page 46

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
9. Main Menu >Preprocessor>Loads >Apply>Structural >Displacement >On

nodes Pick the Lest most node >Apply >Select All DOF>OK
Page 47

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
10. Main Menu>Solution >Analysis Type >Analysis options>Select

Reduced option Enter No.of modes to extract =2
Enter FREQE Frequency range 0 -2500> OK.
Main Menu>Solution >Master DOFs>user selected >DEFINE >Pick all

nodes except left most node>Ok >Select UX from Leb 1 1st DOF>OK.
Page 48

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Solution: The interactive solution proceeds.

12. Main Menu>Solution >Solve >Current LS>ok
The/STATUS Command window displays the problem parameters and the
Solve Current Load Step window is shown. Click the solution options in
the/STATUS window and if all is OK, select FILE >Close.
In the solve, Current load step window, Select OK, and the solution is
complete, Close the Solution is DONE, window.
POSTPROCESSING
13. Main Menu >General Postproc>Results Summary
The result is shown as Frequency values in Hz
14. Main Menu >General Postproc >Read Results >First Set
15. Main Menu>General Postproc >Plot Results >Counter Plot>Nodal
Solu>DOF.
This result is shown in fig.
Result:
Thus the given model is simulated and verified Natural Frequency at each node of
elements.
Page 49

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
4. WALLS
AIM: To Determine the Temperature Distribution of combined plane walls.
To
h T
K1
0.3m
K2
K3
0.15m
0.15m
PREPROCESSING
1. Main Menu > Preprocessor> Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete >Add
>Structural Link > 3D finit stn 180> OK>Close.

2. Main Menu>Preprocessor>Element Type>Add/Edit/Delete>Add>Click
on Link>then on 3D conduction (Link 33)>OK>Add>Click on Link >then
on 3D convection 34 >Ok>Close.
Page 50

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Page 51

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
3. Main Menu>Preprocessor >Real Constants>Add/Edit/Delete>Add>Click

on Link 32>Ok.
Enter cross-sectional area AREA>Enter 1>OK
Add>Click on Link 34>Ok

Enter cross sectional area AREA>Enter 1>Ok>Close.
Enter the material properties.

4. Main Menu >Preprocessor>Material props>Material Models
Material Model Number 1,
Click Thermal >Conductivity >Isotropic
Enter KXX=30>ok
Page 52

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Then in the material model window click on Material menu >New

model>OK
Click Thermal>Conductivity>isotropic
Enter KXX=50>Ok
Then in the material Model window click on Material menu>New

Model>OK
Click Thermal>Conductivity>Isotropic
Enter KXX=20>ok.
Page 53

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Then in the material model window click on Material menu >New

Model>OK
Click Thermal>Convection or film coef.
Enter HF=25>ok
Page 54

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :

Create the nodes and elements.
5. Main Menu>Preprocessor>Modeling>Create>Nodes>InActive CS Enter
the coordinates of node1>Apply Enter the coordinates of node 2>Apply
Enter the coordinates of node 3>Apply>Enter the coordinates of node
4>Apply Enter the coordinates of node 5>Ok
6.
Main
Menu>Preprocessor>Modeling>Create
>Elements>Elem
Attributes>ok>Auto Numbered>Thru nodes Pick the 1 st and 2nd node>Ok
>Elem Attributes>change the material number to 2>Ok>Auto
Numbered>Thru nodes Pick the 2nd and 3 rd node>Ok
>Elem Attributes>change the material number to 3>OK>Auto
Numbered>Thru nodes Pick the 3 rd and 4th node>OK
>Elem Attributes >change the element type to Link 34>Change the material
number to 4>Change the real constant set number to 2>Ok>Auto
Numbered>Thru nodes Pick the 1st and 5th node >Ok
Apply the boundary condition and temperature.
7. Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Define Loads>Apply>Thermal>

Temperature>On nodes pick the 4th node >Apply >Click on TEMP and Enter
Value -20>OK
Page 55

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
8. Main Menu>Preprocessor>Loads>Define Loads>Apply>Thermal>

Temperature>On nodes pick the 5th node>Apply>Click on TEMP
and Enter Value =800>OK.
Solution: The interactive solution proceeds.

9. Main Menu>Solution>Solve>Current LS>ok
The/STATUS Command window displays the problem parameters and the
solve current Load Step Window is shown. Check the solution options in
the/STATUS window and if all is OK, select File>Close
In the solve Current Load Step window, Select OK, and when the solution is
complete, Close the Solution is done.
Post processing
We can now plot the results of this analysis and also list the computed
values.
10. Main Menu >General Postproc >Plot Results>Counter Plot>Nodal
Solu>DOF
Page 56

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
11. Main Menu >General Postproc>List Results>Nodal Solu>Select

Temperature>Ok
Result:
Thus the given model is simulated and verified Temperature at each node
of elements.
Page 57

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
INTRODUCTION
WORD DETAILS:
Although the control will, in general, accept part programming words in any sequence,
it is recommended that the following word order for each block is used.
N; G; X or U; Z or W; I; K; F; S; T;
O: PROGRAM NUMBER
The O followed by a 4 digit numeral value is used to assign a program number.
Example: O1002
N: SEQUENCE NUMBER
The N word may be omitted. When programmed, the sequence number following
the N address is a four digit numerical value and is used to identify a complete block of
information. Although ascending, descending, or duplicate numbering is allowed, it is
best to program in ascending order in increments of 10. This allows for future editing and
simplified sequence number search.
G: PREPARATORY COMMAND:
The two digit G command is programmed to set up the control to perform an
automatic machine operation. A full list of G codes are given, one G word from each
modal group and one non modal G word can be programmed on the same block.
Example:
Valid N 100 G00 G40 G41 G90 G95
*G40 & G41 are from the same group.
A retained G word (Modal) from one group remains active until another G word from the
same group is programmed.
One-shot G word (Non-Modal) must be programmed in every block when required.
Page 58

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
G-CODES LISTING FOR DENFORD FANUC LATHES:

Note: - NOT ALL G CODES APPLY TO EACH MACHINE.
Group 1
1
1
1
0
0
6
6
9
9
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
7
7
7
0
0
12
12
4
4
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
2
G00
G01
G02
G03
G04
G10
G20
G21
G22
G23
G27
G28
G29
G30
G31
G32
G34
G36
G37
G40
G41
G42
G50
G65
G66
G67
G70
G71
G72
G73
G74
G75
G76
G90
G92
G94
G96
Positioning (Rapid Traverse)

Liner Interpolation (Feed)
Circular Interpolation CW
Circular Interpolation CW
Dwell
Offset Value Setting By Program
Inch Data Input
Metric Data Input
Stored Stroke Check On
Stored Stroke Check Off
Reference Point Return Check
Reference Point Return
Return from Reference Point
Return to 2nd Reference Point
Skip Function
Thread Cutting
Variable Lead Thread Cutting
Automatic Tool Compensation X
Automatic Tool Compensation Z
Tool Nose Radius Compensation cancels
Tool Nose Radius Compensation Left
Tool Nose Radius Compensation Right
Work Co-ord. Change/Max. Spindle Speed setting
Macro call
Macro Modal Call Cancel
Macro Modal Call Cancel
Finishing Cycle
Stock Removal in Turning
Stock Removal in Turning
Pattern Repeating
Peck Drilling in Z Axis
Grooving in X Axis
Thread Cutting Cycle
Cutting Cycle A
Thread Cutting Cycle
Cutting Cycle B
Constant surface Speed Control
Page 59

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
2
11
11
G97
G98
G99
Date :
Constant Surface Speed Control Cancel
Feed per Minute
Feed per Revolution
NOTES FOR G CODE LISTING:

Note 1:G Codes of 0 group represent those non modal and are effective to the designed
block.
Note 2:G Codes of different groups can be commanded to the same block. If more than
one G codes from the same group are commanded, the latter becomes effective.
AIXS DEFINITIONS:Z AXIS:The Z axis is along a line between the spindle and the tailstock, or the center line
of rotation of the spindle. Minus (-) movements of the tool are left toward the head stock;
positive (+) movements are right towards the tailstock.
X AXIS:The X axis is 90 degrees from the Z axis (perpendicular to the Z axis). Minus (-)
movements of the tool are toward the center-line of rotation, and positive (+) movements
are away from the center line of rotation.
X: X AXIS COMMAND:The X word is programmed as a diameter which is used to command a change in
position perpendicular to the spindle center-line.
U: X AXIS COMMAND:The U word is an incremental distance (diameter value) which is used to
command a change in position perpendicular to the spindle center-line. The movement is
the programmed value.
Z: Z AXIS COMMAND:-
Page 60

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
The Z word is an absolute dimension which is used is used to command a change

in position parallel to the spindle center-line.
W: Z AXIS COMMAND:The W word is an incremental distance which is used to command a change of
position parallel to the spindle center-line.
Do not program X & U or Z & W in the same block. If an X axis command calls
for no movement it may be omitted.
X, U or P: DWELL:The X word is used with G04 to command a dwell in seconds.
The P word is used with G04 to command a dwell in milliseconds.
I WORD:For are programming (G02 or G03), the K Value (with sign) is programmed to
define the incremental distance parallel to the Z axis, between the start of the arc and the
arc center.
K WORD:For arc programming (G02 or G03), the K value (with sign) is programmed to
define the incremental distance parallel to the Z axis, between the start of the arc and the
arc center.
The maximum arc for I & K programming is limited to the quadrant. If I or K is
zero, it must be omitted.
F WORD:a) In G99 mode the F word is used to command feed/rev.
b) In G98 mode the F word is used to command feed/min.
c) In G32 mode the F word specifies the lead (pitch) of the thread.
P WORD:a) Used in automatic cycles to define the first block of a contour.
b) Used with M98 to define a subroutine number.
Q WORD:Q words are used in automatic cycles to define the last block of a contour.
Page 61

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
R WORD:For circular interpolation (G02 or G03) the R word defines the arc radius from the
center of the tool nose radius (G40 active) - or the actual radius required (G41/ G42
active).
S WORD:a) In the constant surface speed mode (G96) the four digit S word is used to
command the required surface speed in either feet or meters per minute.
b) In the direct r.p.m mode (G97), the four digit S word is used to command the
spindle speeds incrementally, in r.p.m., between the ranges available for the
machine.
c) Prior to entering constant surface speed mode (9G96) the S word is used to
specify a speed constraint, the maximum speed you wish the spindle to run at. To
set this restraint the S word is programmed in conjunction with the G50 word.
T WORD:The T words are used in conjunction with M06. Those are used to call up the
required tool on an automatic indexing turret machine, and to activate its tool offsets.
M WORD:An M word is used to initiate auxiliary functions particular to the machine. One
M code can be programmed with in one program block together with other part program
information.
M- CODE LIST FOR DENFORD FANUC LATHES :All M Codes marked with an asterisk will be executed at the end of a block
(i.e., after the axis movement).
NOTE: - NOT ALL M CODES ARE AVAILABLE ON EACH MACHINE.
*
*
*
*
M00
M01
M02
M03
M04
M05
M06
M07
M08
M09
M10
M11
PROGRAM STOP
OPTIONAL STOP
PROGRAM RESET
SPINDLE FORWARD
SPINDLE REVERSE
SPINDLE STOP
AUTO TOOL CHANGE
COOLANT "B" ON
COOLANT "A" ON
COOLANT OFF
CHUCK OPEN
CHUCK CLOSE
Page 62

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
M13
M14
M15
M16
M19
M20
M21
M22
M23
M25
M26
M29
M30
M31
M37
M38
M39
M40
M41
M43
M44
M45
M48
M49
M50
M51
M52
M53
M54
M56
M57
M62
M63
M64
M65
M98
M99
Date :
SPINDLE FORWARD & COOLANT ON
SPINDLE REVERSE & COOLANT ON
PROGRAM INPUT USING."MIN P" (SPECIAL FUNCTION)
SPECIALTOOL CALL (TOOL CALL IGNORES TURRET)
SPINDLE ORIENTATE
SPINDLE INDEX A
SPINDLE INDEX 2A
SPINDLE INDEX 3A
SPINDLE INDEX 4A
QUILL EXTEND
QUILL RETRACT
SELECT "DNC" MODE
PROGRAM RESET & REWIND
INCREMENT PARTS COUNTER
DOOR OPEN TO STOP
DOOR OPEN
DOOR CLOSE
PARTS CATCHER EXTEND
PARTS CATCHER RETRACT
SWARF CONVEYOR FORWARD
SWARF CONVEYOR REVERSE
SWARF CONVEYOR STOP
LOCK % FEED AND % SPEED AT 100%
CANCEL M48 (DEFAILT)
WAIT FOR AXIS IN POSITION SIGNAL (CANCELS
CONTINUOUS PATH)
CANCEL M50 (DEFAILT)
PULL-OUT IN THREADING = 90 DEGRESS (DEFAILT)
CANCEL M52
DISABLE SPINDLE FLUCTUATION TESTING (DEFAILT)
SELECT INTERNAL CHUCKING (FROM PLC EDITION "F")
SELECT EXTERNAL CHUCKING (FROM PLC EDITION "F")
AUX.1 ON
AUX.2 ON
AUX.1 OFF
AUX.2 OFF
SUB PROGRAM CALL
SUB PROGRAM END
Page 63

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
1. FACING CYCLE
[BILLET X25 Z70]

G21 G98;
G28 U0W0;
M06 T1 ;( FACING TOOL)
M03 S1200;
G00 X26 Z0;
G94 X0 Z-0.5 F50;
Z-1.0
Z-1.5
Z-2.0
Z-2.5
Z-3.0
Z-3.5
Z-4.0
Z-4.5
Z-5.0
Z-5.5
Z-6.0
Z-6.5
Z-7.0
Z-7.5
Z-8.0
Z-8.5
Z-9.0
Z-9.5
Z-10.0
G28 U0W0;
M05;
M30;
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TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Page 65

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
2. TURNING CYCLE
[BILLET X28 Z70]

G21 G98;
G28 U0W0;
M06 T1 ;( FACING TOOL)
M03 S1000;
G00 X25 Z1;
G94 X24 Z45 F50;
X23
X22
X21
X20
X19 Z-40
X18
X17
X16
X15
X14 Z-20
X13
X12
X11
X10
G28 U0W0;
M05;
M30;
Page 66

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Page 67

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
3. LINEAR & CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION (Milling)

G21 G94
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M06 T06
M03 S1300
G90 G00 X0 Y0 Z5
[S]
G00 X2 Y30
G01 Z-1 F60
G01 X10 Y30
G03 X15 Y35 R5
G01 X15 Y37.5
G03 X10 Y42.5 R5
G01 X17 Y42.5
G02 X2 Y50
G02 X7 Y55 R5
G01 X15 Y55
G00 Z2
[V]
G00 X20 Y55
G01 Z-1 F60
G01 X27.5 Y30
G01 X33 Y55
G00 Z2
[C]
G00 X51 Y55
G01 Z-1 F60
Page 68

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
G01 X43 Y55

G03 X38 Y50 R5
G01 X38 Y35
G03 X43 Y30 R5
G01 X51 Y30
G00 Z2
[E]
G00 X69 Y55
G01 Z-1F60
G01 X56 Y55
G01 X56 Y42.5
G01 X69 Y42.5
G01 X56 Y42.5
G01 X56 Y30
G01 X69 Y30
G00 Z2
[T]
G00 X81.5 Y30
G01 Z-1 F60
G01 X81.5 Y55
G01 X74 Y55
G01 X87 Y55
G00 Z2
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0Y0
M05
M30
Page 69

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
CFD
ANALYSIS
Page 70

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
CFD ANALYSIS OF STEAM NOZZLE

AIM: To Determine the velocity and pressure distribution in Steam Nozzle.(Boundary
conditions of -Inlet Mass flow rate=0.05kg/s, Outlet pressure 1 bar)
Step 1.Create 3D model in solid works as showing above 2D drawing.
Step2: Export to .IGS format.

Step 3.File>Save as>file name (nozzle.igs) >Save.
Page 71

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Open ICEM CFD Software,

(Start>All programs>Ansys-14>Meshing>ICEM CFD 14)
Step4:Nozzle.igs file Import to ICEM CFD
(File>Import Geometry>STEP/IGS>Apply
Page 72

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
After importing Nozzle.igs File,(Click model>Geometry click display and surfaces) it

will identify. And mean while change parts name(like Inlet,Outlet names
Step5:Geometry>repair geometry and Build Topology Tolerance valve 0.09>Apply.
Page 73

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Step6: Mesh>Global Mesh step up>Click Volume meshing parameters
Give Global Element Scale Parameters>Scale factor =1> max element 0.>Apply.
Step 7 Go to Compute mesh>select Compute(Tetrahedral mesh creating).
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TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
\
Step 8:Select output >output solver>output solver>Ansys CFX>Ansys>Apply.
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TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Click Write input>give file name>save>if you want change directory, change Done.
Page 76

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Visible volume mesh,
Page 77

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Step9: Save mesh file

Step10 : Open CFX Software,
(Start>All programs>Ansys-14>Fluid Dynamics>CFX 14>Click CFX-Pre.14.0)
Meshing completed.
Start Analysis in CFX-Pre processing
Step 11: File> new case>General >OK>OK
Step12: Import ICEM CFD file in to CFX-Pre.
Create Domain and Boundary conditions (Inlet, outlet, materials>Fluid>steam3>OK
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TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Page 79

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Boundary conditions: Inlet: mass flow rate: 0.05kg/s

Outlet: Average pressure: 1 bar.
Step 13.Solver the problem: Solver control>
Define run>File name>save. Start run.
Page 80

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Now go to post processing Results:
Launch post processing Results, OK.
Page 81

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Counter plot Results (velocity and Pressure)
Page 82

TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
Experiment No.
Date :
Page 83

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SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

BTech IV year -1st sem as per JNTU ANANTAPUR

CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

PART MODELING(SOLID WORKS)

STEPPED BAR(TAPER BAR)

LINEAR & CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

Aim: To develop a 2D model of given figure as per the given dimentions.

Select first line or (polyline/distance/Angle/trim/method): Select second line.

Specify center point for circle or (3p/2p/ttr (tan tan radius) :

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

Specify center point for circle or(3p/2p/ttr(tan tan radius)

Result: The 2D model is obtained as per the given Dimensions.

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

Delete source objects?(yes/no) :n

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

Aim: To develop a 2Dmodel of given figure as per the given dimensions

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

Basics of Solids Modeling with Solid Works

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

Description of Extrusion Future:

Sketch a 2D profile of the square model as shown in the figure

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

2. Extrude the sketch perpendicular to sketch plane

3. Draw a circle of Diameter 50 mm,

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

6. Extrude the sketch perpendicular to sketch plane

4. Draw the circle for the Diameter of 35 mm and

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

1. Revolve, the sketch to 360 degree on top sketched line, by (Insert>

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

4. And remove the material by (Insert>cut>Extrude), through all, OK.

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

5. Add fillet R12.7mm inner(Insert>Features>Fillet/Round),add fillet 5.08mm for

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

6. Click Circular Pattern ,click (View>Temporary Axes,) select center axis as

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

3. Three layer Rope

( select close dialog box andexit sketch.)

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

( select close dialog box and exit sketch.)

4.at one end of the 3D curve, create new plane.

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

6.Before finishing sketch(select Tools sketch tools circular step and

7.Take sweep (insert boss/base sweep) command and give

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

The Purpose of FEA

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

A GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

2.Main Menu >Preprocessor > real Constants >Add/Edit/Delete >Add >OK

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &