Layout H

/*
* layout.h - Ntfs on-disk layout structures. Originated from the Linux-NTFS pr

oject.
*
* Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Anton Altaparmakov
* Copyright (c)
2005 Yura Pakhuchiy
* Copyright (c) 2005-2006 Szabolcs Szakacsits
*
* This program/include file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
* by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program/include file is distributed in the hope that it will be
* useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty
* of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program (in the main directory of the NTFS-3G
* distribution in the file COPYING); if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation,Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
#ifndef _NTFS_LAYOUT_H
#define _NTFS_LAYOUT_H
#include "types.h"
#include "endians.h"
#include "support.h"
/* The NTFS oem_id */
#define magicNTFS
#define NTFS_SB_MAGIC
const_cpu_to_le64(0x202020205346544e)
0x5346544e
/* "NTFS
" */
/* 'NTFS' */
/*
* Location of bootsector on partition:
*
The standard NTFS_BOOT_SECTOR is on sector 0 of the partition.
*
On NT4 and above there is one backup copy of the boot sector to
*
be found on the last sector of the partition (not normally accessible
*
from within Windows as the bootsector contained number of sectors
*
value is one less than the actual value!).
*
On versions of NT 3.51 and earlier, the backup copy was located at
*
number of sectors/2 (integer divide), i.e. in the middle of the volume.
*/
/**
* struct BIOS_PARAMETER_BLOCK - BIOS parameter block (bpb) structure.
*/
typedef struct {
le16 bytes_per_sector;
/* Size of a sector in bytes. */
u8 sectors_per_cluster;
/* Size of a cluster in sectors. */
le16 reserved_sectors;
/* zero */
u8 fats;
/* zero */
le16 root_entries;
/* zero */
le16 sectors;
/* zero */
u8 media_type;
/* 0xf8 = hard disk */
le16 sectors_per_fat;
/* zero */
/*0x0d*/le16 sectors_per_track;
/* Required to boot Windows. */
/*0x0f*/le16 heads;
/* Required to boot Windows. */
/*0x11*/le32 hidden_sectors;
/* Offset to the start of the partition

relative to the disk in sectors.
Required to boot Windows. */
/* zero */
/*0x15*/le32 large_sectors;
/* sizeof() = 25 (0x19) bytes */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) BIOS_PARAMETER_BLOCK;
/**
* struct NTFS_BOOT_SECTOR - NTFS boot
*/
typedef struct {
u8 jump[3];
le64 oem_id;
/*0x0b*/BIOS_PARAMETER_BLOCK bpb;
u8 physical_drive;
u8 current_head;
u8 extended_boot_signature;
u8 reserved2;
/*0x28*/sle64 number_of_sectors;
Gives
sle64 mft_lcn;
sle64 mftmirr_lcn;
s8 clusters_per_mft_record;
u8 reserved0[3];
s8 clusters_per_index_record;
u8 reserved1[3];
le64 volume_serial_number;
le32 checksum;
/*0x54*/u8 bootstrap[426];
le16 end_of_sector_marker;
sector structure.
/*
/*
/*
/*
/*
/*
/*
/*
/*
/*
/*
/*
/*
/*
/*
/*
/*
Irrelevant (jump to boot up code).*/

Magic "NTFS
". */
See BIOS_PARAMETER_BLOCK. */
0x00 floppy, 0x80 hard disk */
zero */
0x80 */
zero */
/* Number of sectors in volume.
maximum volume size of 2^63 sectors.
Assuming standard sector size of 512
bytes, the maximum byte size is
approx. 4.7x10^21 bytes. (-; */
Cluster location of mft data. */
Cluster location of copy of mft. */
Mft record size in clusters. */
zero */
Index block size in clusters. */
zero */
Irrelevant (serial number). */
Boot sector checksum. */
Irrelevant (boot up code). */
End of bootsector magic. Always is
0xaa55 in little endian. */
/* sizeof() = 512 (0x200) bytes */

} __attribute__((__packed__)) NTFS_BOOT_SECTOR;
/**
* enum NTFS_RECORD_TYPES *
* Magic identifiers present at the beginning of all ntfs record containing
* records (like mft records for example).
*/
typedef enum {
/* Found in $MFT/$DATA. */
magic_FILE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x454c4946), /* Mft entry. */
magic_INDX = const_cpu_to_le32(0x58444e49), /* Index buffer. */
magic_HOLE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x454c4f48), /* ? (NTFS 3.0+?) */
/* Found in $LogFile/$DATA. */
magic_RSTR = const_cpu_to_le32(0x52545352), /* Restart page. */
magic_RCRD = const_cpu_to_le32(0x44524352), /* Log record page. */
/* Found in $LogFile/$DATA. (May be found in $MFT/$DATA, also?) */
magic_CHKD = const_cpu_to_le32(0x444b4843), /* Modified by chkdsk. */
/* Found in all ntfs record containing records. */
magic_BAAD = const_cpu_to_le32(0x44414142), /* Failed multi sector
transfer was detected. */
/*
* Found in $LogFile/$DATA when a page is full or 0xff bytes and is
* thus not initialized. User has to initialize the page before using
* it.
*/
magic_empty = const_cpu_to_le32(0xffffffff),/* Record is empty and has
to be initialized before
it can be used. */
} NTFS_RECORD_TYPES;
/*
* Generic magic comparison macros. Finally found a use for the ## preprocessor
* operator! (-8
*/
#define ntfs_is_magic(x, m)
( (u32)(x) == (u32)magic_##m )
#define ntfs_is_magicp(p, m)
( *(u32*)(p) == (u32)magic_##m )
/*
* Specialised magic comparison
*/
#define ntfs_is_file_record(x)
#define ntfs_is_file_recordp(p)
#define ntfs_is_mft_record(x)
#define ntfs_is_mft_recordp(p)
#define ntfs_is_indx_record(x)
#define ntfs_is_indx_recordp(p)
#define ntfs_is_hole_record(x)
#define ntfs_is_hole_recordp(p)
#define
#define
#define
#define
macros for the NTFS_RECORD_TYPES defined above.

ntfs_is_magic (x, FILE) )
ntfs_is_magicp(p, FILE) )
ntfs_is_file_record(x) )
ntfs_is_file_recordp(p) )
ntfs_is_magic (x, INDX) )
ntfs_is_magicp(p, INDX) )
ntfs_is_magic (x, HOLE) )
ntfs_is_magicp(p, HOLE) )
(
(
(
(
ntfs_is_magic (x,
ntfs_is_magicp(p,
ntfs_is_magic (x,
ntfs_is_magicp(p,
ntfs_is_rstr_record(x)
ntfs_is_rstr_recordp(p)
ntfs_is_rcrd_record(x)
ntfs_is_rcrd_recordp(p)
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
RSTR)
RSTR)
RCRD)
RCRD)
)
)
)
)
#define ntfs_is_chkd_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, CHKD) )

#define ntfs_is_chkd_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, CHKD) )
#define ntfs_is_baad_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, BAAD) )
#define ntfs_is_baad_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, BAAD) )
#define ntfs_is_empty_record(x)
#define ntfs_is_empty_recordp(p)
#define NTFS_BLOCK_SIZE
#define NTFS_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS
( ntfs_is_magic (x, empty) )

( ntfs_is_magicp(p, empty) )
512
9
/**
* struct NTFS_RECORD *
* The Update Sequence Array (usa) is an array of the le16 values which belong
* to the end of each sector protected by the update sequence record in which
* this array is contained. Note that the first entry is the Update Sequence
* Number (usn), a cyclic counter of how many times the protected record has
* been written to disk. The values 0 and -1 (ie. 0xffff) are not used. All
* last le16's of each sector have to be equal to the usn (during reading) or
* are set to it (during writing). If they are not, an incomplete multi sector
* transfer has occurred when the data was written.
* The maximum size for the update sequence array is fixed to:
*
maximum size = usa_ofs + (usa_count * 2) = 510 bytes
* The 510 bytes comes from the fact that the last le16 in the array has to
* (obviously) finish before the last le16 of the first 512-byte sector.
* This formula can be used as a consistency check in that usa_ofs +
* (usa_count * 2) has to be less than or equal to 510.
*/
typedef struct {
NTFS_RECORD_TYPES magic;/* A four-byte magic identifying the
record type and/or status. */
le16 usa_ofs;
/* Offset to the Update Sequence Array (usa)
from the start of the ntfs record. */
le16 usa_count;
/* Number of le16 sized entries in the usa
including the Update Sequence Number (usn),
thus the number of fixups is the usa_count
minus 1. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) NTFS_RECORD;
/**
* enum NTFS_SYSTEM_FILES - System files mft record numbers.
*
* All these files are always marked as used in the bitmap attribute of the
* mft; presumably in order to avoid accidental allocation for random other
* mft records. Also, the sequence number for each of the system files is
* always equal to their mft record number and it is never modified.
*/
typedef enum {
FILE_MFT
= 0,
/* Master file table (mft). Data attribute
contains the entries and bitmap attribute
records which ones are in use (bit==1). */
FILE_MFTMirr
= 1,
/* Mft mirror: copy of first four mft records
in data attribute. If cluster size > 4kiB,
copy of first N mft records, with
N = cluster_size / mft_record_size. */
FILE_LogFile
= 2,
/* Journalling log in data attribute. */
FILE_Volume
= 3,
/* Volume name attribute and volume information
attribute (flags and ntfs version). Windows
refers to this file as volume DASD (Direct
Access Storage Device). */
FILE_AttrDef
= 4,
/* Array of attribute definitions in data
attribute. */
FILE_root
= 5,
/* Root directory. */
FILE_Bitmap
= 6,
/* Allocation bitmap of all clusters (lcns) in
data attribute. */
FILE_Boot
= 7,
/* Boot sector (always at cluster 0) in data
attribute. */
FILE_BadClus
= 8,
/* Contains all bad clusters in the non-resident
data attribute. */
FILE_Secure
= 9,
/* Shared security descriptors in data attribute
and two indexes into the descriptors.
Appeared in Windows 2000. Before that, this
file was named $Quota but was unused. */
FILE_UpCase
= 10, /* Uppercase equivalents of all 65536 Unicode
characters in data attribute. */
FILE_Extend
= 11, /* Directory containing other system files (eg.
$ObjId, $Quota, $Reparse and $UsnJrnl). This
is new to NTFS3.0. */
FILE_reserved12 = 12, /* Reserved for future use (records 12-15). */
FILE_reserved13 = 13,
FILE_reserved14 = 14,
FILE_mft_data = 15, /* Reserved for first extent of $MFT:$DATA */
FILE_first_user = 16,
/* First user file, used as test limit for

whether to allow opening a file or not. */
} NTFS_SYSTEM_FILES;
/**
* enum MFT_RECORD_FLAGS *
* These are the so far known MFT_RECORD_* flags (16-bit) which contain
* information about the mft record in which they are present.
*
* MFT_RECORD_IS_4 exists on all $Extend sub-files.
* It seems that it marks it is a metadata file with MFT record >24, however,
* it is unknown if it is limited to metadata files only.
*
* MFT_RECORD_IS_VIEW_INDEX exists on every metafile with a non directory
* index, that means an INDEX_ROOT and an INDEX_ALLOCATION with a name other
* than "$I30". It is unknown if it is limited to metadata files only.
*/
typedef enum {
MFT_RECORD_IN_USE
= const_cpu_to_le16(0x0001),
MFT_RECORD_IS_DIRECTORY
MFT_RECORD_IS_4
MFT_RECORD_IS_VIEW_INDEX
MFT_REC_SPACE_FILLER
= 0xffff, /* Just to make flags
16-bit. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) MFT_RECORD_FLAGS;
/*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
mft references (aka file references or file record segment references) are
used whenever a structure needs to refer to a record in the mft.
A reference consists of a 48-bit index into the mft and a 16-bit sequence
number used to detect stale references.
For error reporting purposes we treat the 48-bit index as a signed quantity.
The sequence number is a circular counter (skipping 0) describing how many
times the referenced mft record has been (re)used. This has to match the
sequence number of the mft record being referenced, otherwise the reference
is considered stale and removed (FIXME: only ntfsck or the driver itself?).
If the sequence number is zero it is assumed that no sequence number
consistency checking should be performed.
FIXME: Since inodes are 32-bit as of now, the driver needs to always check
for high_part being 0 and if not either BUG(), cause a panic() or handle
the situation in some other way. This shouldn't be a problem as a volume has
to become HUGE in order to need more than 32-bits worth of mft records.
Assuming the standard mft record size of 1kb only the records (never mind
the non-resident attributes, etc.) would require 4Tb of space on their own
for the first 32 bits worth of records. This is only if some strange person
doesn't decide to foul play and make the mft sparse which would be a really
horrible thing to do as it would trash our current driver implementation. )-:
Do I hear screams "we want 64-bit inodes!" ?!? (-;
FIXME: The mft zone is defined as the first 12% of the volume. This space is
reserved so that the mft can grow contiguously and hence doesn't become
fragmented. Volume free space includes the empty part of the mft zone and
when the volume's free 88% are used up, the mft zone is shrunk by a factor
of 2, thus making more space available for more files/data. This process is
* repeated every time there is no more free space except for the mft zone until
* there really is no more free space.
*/
/*
* Typedef the MFT_REF as a 64-bit value for easier handling.
* Also define two unpacking macros to get to the reference (MREF) and
* sequence number (MSEQNO) respectively.
* The _LE versions are to be applied on little endian MFT_REFs.
* Note: The _LE versions will return a CPU endian formatted value!
*/
#define MFT_REF_MASK_CPU 0x0000ffffffffffffULL
#define MFT_REF_MASK_LE const_cpu_to_le64(MFT_REF_MASK_CPU)
typedef u64 MFT_REF;
typedef le64 leMFT_REF;
/* a little-endian MFT_MREF */
#define MK_MREF(m, s)
((MFT_REF)(((MFT_REF)(s) << 48) |

\
((MFT_REF)(m) & MFT_REF_MASK_CPU)))
#define MK_LE_MREF(m, s) const_cpu_to_le64(((MFT_REF)(((MFT_REF)(s) << 48) | \
((MFT_REF)(m) & MFT_REF_MASK_CPU))))
#define
#define
#define
#define
MREF(x)
MSEQNO(x)
MREF_LE(x)
MSEQNO_LE(x)
((u64)((x) & MFT_REF_MASK_CPU))

((u16)(((x) >> 48) & 0xffff))
((u64)(const_le64_to_cpu(x) & MFT_REF_MASK_CPU))
((u16)((const_le64_to_cpu(x) >> 48) & 0xffff))
#define IS_ERR_MREF(x) (((x) & 0x0000800000000000ULL) ? 1 : 0)

#define ERR_MREF(x)
((u64)((s64)(x)))
#define MREF_ERR(x)
((int)((s64)(x)))
/**
* struct MFT_RECORD - An MFT record layout (NTFS 3.1+)
*
* The mft record header present at the beginning of every record in the mft.
* This is followed by a sequence of variable length attribute records which
* is terminated by an attribute of type AT_END which is a truncated attribute
* in that it only consists of the attribute type code AT_END and none of the
* other members of the attribute structure are present.
*/
typedef struct {
/*Ofs*/
/* 0 NTFS_RECORD; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like unnamed structs. */
NTFS_RECORD_TYPES magic;/* Usually the magic is "FILE". */
le16 usa_ofs;
/* See NTFS_RECORD definition above. */
le16 usa_count;
/* 8*/ leLSN lsn;
/* 16*/ le16 sequence_number;
/* 18*/ le16 link_count;

of
/* $LogFile sequence number for this record.

Changed every time the record is modified. */
/* Number of times this mft record has been
reused. (See description for MFT_REF
above.) NOTE: The increment (skipping zero)
is done when the file is deleted. NOTE: If
this is zero it is left zero. */
/* Number of hard links, i.e. the number
directory entries referencing this record.
NOTE: Only used in mft base records.
NOTE: When deleting a directory entry we
check the link_count and if it is 1 we
/* 20*/ le16 attrs_offset;
/*
/* 22*/ MFT_RECORD_FLAGS flags; /*

/* 24*/ le32 bytes_in_use;
/*
/* 28*/ le32 bytes_allocated;
/*
delete the file. Otherwise we delete the

FILE_NAME_ATTR being referenced by the
directory entry from the mft record and
decrement the link_count.
FIXME: Careful with Win32 + DOS names! */
Byte offset to the first attribute in this
mft record from the start of the mft record.
NOTE: Must be aligned to 8-byte boundary. */
Bit array of MFT_RECORD_FLAGS. When a file
is deleted, the MFT_RECORD_IN_USE flag is
set to zero. */
Number of bytes used in this mft record.
Number of bytes allocated for this mft
record. This should be equal to the mft
record size. */
/* 32*/ leMFT_REF base_mft_record;

/* This is zero for base mft records.
When it is not zero it is a mft reference
pointing to the base mft record to which
this record belongs (this is then used to
locate the attribute list attribute present
in the base record which describes this
extension record and hence might need
modification when the extension record
itself is modified, also locating the
attribute list also means finding the other
potential extents, belonging to the non-base
mft record). */
/* 40*/ le16 next_attr_instance; /* The instance number that will be
assigned to the next attribute added to this
mft record. NOTE: Incremented each time
after it is used. NOTE: Every time the mft
record is reused this number is set to zero.
NOTE: The first instance number is always 0.
*/
/* The below fields are specific to NTFS 3.1+ (Windows XP and above): */
/* 42*/ le16 reserved;
/* Reserved/alignment. */
/* 44*/ le32 mft_record_number; /* Number of this mft record. */
/* sizeof() = 48 bytes */
/*
* When (re)using the mft record, we place the update sequence array at this
* offset, i.e. before we start with the attributes. This also makes sense,
* otherwise we could run into problems with the update sequence array
* containing in itself the last two bytes of a sector which would mean that
* multi sector transfer protection wouldn't work. As you can't protect data
* by overwriting it since you then can't get it back...
* When reading we obviously use the data from the ntfs record header.
*/
} __attribute__((__packed__)) MFT_RECORD;
/**
* struct MFT_RECORD_OLD - An MFT record layout (NTFS <=3.0)
*
* This is the version without the NTFS 3.1+ specific fields.
*/
typedef struct {
/*Ofs*/
NTFS_RECORD_TYPES magic;/* Usually the magic is "FILE". */
le16 usa_ofs;
le16 usa_count;
/* 8*/ leLSN lsn;
/* 16*/ le16 sequence_number;
/* 18*/ le16 link_count;

of
/* 20*/ le16 attrs_offset;

/* $LogFile sequence number for this record.
Changed every time the record is modified. */
/* Number of times this mft record has been
reused. (See description for MFT_REF
above.) NOTE: The increment (skipping zero)
is done when the file is deleted. NOTE: If
this is zero it is left zero. */
/* Number of hard links, i.e. the number
/*
/* 22*/ MFT_RECORD_FLAGS flags; /*

/* 24*/ le32 bytes_in_use;
/*
/* 28*/ le32 bytes_allocated;
/*
directory entries referencing this record.

NOTE: Only used in mft base records.
NOTE: When deleting a directory entry we
check the link_count and if it is 1 we
delete the file. Otherwise we delete the
FILE_NAME_ATTR being referenced by the
directory entry from the mft record and
decrement the link_count.
FIXME: Careful with Win32 + DOS names! */
Byte offset to the first attribute in this
mft record from the start of the mft record.
Bit array of MFT_RECORD_FLAGS. When a file
is deleted, the MFT_RECORD_IN_USE flag is
set to zero. */
Number of bytes used in this mft record.
Number of bytes allocated for this mft
record. This should be equal to the mft
record size. */
/* 32*/ leMFT_REF base_mft_record;

/* This is zero for base mft records.
When it is not zero it is a mft reference
pointing to the base mft record to which
this record belongs (this is then used to
locate the attribute list attribute present
in the base record which describes this
extension record and hence might need
modification when the extension record
itself is modified, also locating the
attribute list also means finding the other
potential extents, belonging to the non-base
mft record). */
/* 40*/ le16 next_attr_instance; /* The instance number that will be
assigned to the next attribute added to this
mft record. NOTE: Incremented each time
after it is used. NOTE: Every time the mft
record is reused this number is set to zero.
NOTE: The first instance number is always 0.
*/
/*
* When (re)using the mft record, we place the update sequence array at this
* offset, i.e. before we start with the attributes. This also makes sense,
* When reading we obviously use the data from the ntfs record header.
*/
} __attribute__((__packed__)) MFT_RECORD_OLD;
/**
* enum ATTR_TYPES - System defined attributes (32-bit).
*
* Each attribute type has a corresponding attribute name (Unicode string of
* maximum 64 character length) as described by the attribute definitions
* present in the data attribute of the $AttrDef system file.
*
* On NTFS 3.0 volumes the names are just as the types are named in the below
* enum exchanging AT_ for the dollar sign ($). If that isn't a revealing
* choice of symbol... (-;
*/
typedef enum {
AT_UNUSED
= const_cpu_to_le32(
0),
AT_STANDARD_INFORMATION
0x10),
AT_ATTRIBUTE_LIST
0x20),
AT_FILE_NAME
0x30),
AT_OBJECT_ID
0x40),
AT_SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR
0x50),
AT_VOLUME_NAME
0x60),
AT_VOLUME_INFORMATION
0x70),
AT_DATA
0x80),
AT_INDEX_ROOT
0x90),
AT_INDEX_ALLOCATION
0xa0),
AT_BITMAP
0xb0),
AT_REPARSE_POINT
0xc0),
AT_EA_INFORMATION
0xd0),
AT_EA
0xe0),
AT_PROPERTY_SET
0xf0),
AT_LOGGED_UTILITY_STREAM
0x100),
AT_FIRST_USER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE = const_cpu_to_le32(
0x1000),
AT_END
= const_cpu_to_le32(0xffffffff),
} ATTR_TYPES;
/**
* enum COLLATION_RULES - The collation rules for sorting views/indexes/etc
* (32-bit).
*
* COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING - Collate Unicode strings by comparing their binary
*
Unicode values, except that when a character can be uppercased, the
*
upper case value collates before the lower case one.
* COLLATION_FILE_NAME - Collate file names as Unicode strings. The collation
*
is done very much like COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING. In fact I have no idea
*
what the difference is. Perhaps the difference is that file names
*
would treat some special characters in an odd way (see
*
unistr.c::ntfs_collate_names() and unistr.c::legal_ansi_char_array[]
*
for what I mean but COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING would not give any special
*
treatment to any characters at all, but this is speculation.
* COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONG - Sorting is done according to ascending le32 key
*
values. E.g. used for $SII index in FILE_Secure, which sorts by
*
security_id (le32).
* COLLATION_NTOFS_SID - Sorting is done according to ascending SID values.
*
E.g. used for $O index in FILE_Extend/$Quota.
* COLLATION_NTOFS_SECURITY_HASH - Sorting is done first by ascending hash
*
values and second by ascending security_id values. E.g. used for $SDH
*
index in FILE_Secure.
* COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONGS - Sorting is done according to a sequence of ascending
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*/
typedef
le32 key values. E.g. used for $O index in FILE_Extend/$ObjId, which

sorts by object_id (16-byte), by splitting up the object_id in four
le32 values and using them as individual keys. E.g. take the following
two security_ids, stored as follows on disk:
1st: a1 61 65 b7 65 7b d4 11 9e 3d 00 e0 81 10 42 59
2nd: 38 14 37 d2 d2 f3 d4 11 a5 21 c8 6b 79 b1 97 45
To compare them, they are split into four le32 values each, like so:
1st: 0xb76561a1 0x11d47b65 0xe0003d9e 0x59421081
2nd: 0xd2371438 0x11d4f3d2 0x6bc821a5 0x4597b179
Now, it is apparent why the 2nd object_id collates after the 1st: the
first le32 value of the 1st object_id is less than the first le32 of
the 2nd object_id. If the first le32 values of both object_ids were
equal then the second le32 values would be compared, etc.
enum {
COLLATION_BINARY
= const_cpu_to_le32(0), /* Collate by binary

compare where the first byte is most
significant. */
COLLATION_FILE_NAME
= const_cpu_to_le32(1), /* Collate file names
as Unicode strings. */
COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING = const_cpu_to_le32(2), /* Collate Unicode
strings by comparing their binary
Unicode values, except that when a
character can be uppercased, the upper
case value collates before the lower
case one. */
COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONG
= const_cpu_to_le32(16),
COLLATION_NTOFS_SID
COLLATION_NTOFS_SECURITY_HASH = const_cpu_to_le32(18),
COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONGS
} COLLATION_RULES;
/**
* enum ATTR_DEF_FLAGS *
* The flags (32-bit) describing attribute properties in the attribute
* definition structure. FIXME: This information is based on Regis's
* information and, according to him, it is not certain and probably
* incomplete. The INDEXABLE flag is fairly certainly correct as only the file
* name attribute has this flag set and this is the only attribute indexed in
* NT4.
*/
typedef enum {
ATTR_DEF_INDEXABLE
= const_cpu_to_le32(0x02), /* Attribute can be
indexed. */
ATTR_DEF_MULTIPLE
= const_cpu_to_le32(0x04), /* Attribute type
can be present multiple times in the
mft records of an inode. */
ATTR_DEF_NOT_ZERO
= const_cpu_to_le32(0x08), /* Attribute value
must contain at least one non-zero
byte. */
ATTR_DEF_INDEXED_UNIQUE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x10), /* Attribute must be
indexed and the attribute value must be
unique for the attribute type in all of
the mft records of an inode. */
ATTR_DEF_NAMED_UNIQUE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x20), /* Attribute must be
named and the name must be unique for
the attribute type in all of the mft
records of an inode. */
ATTR_DEF_RESIDENT
= const_cpu_to_le32(0x40), /* Attribute must be
ATTR_DEF_ALWAYS_LOG
resident. */
= const_cpu_to_le32(0x80), /* Always log
modifications to this attribute,
regardless of whether it is resident or
non-resident. Without this, only log
modifications if the attribute is
resident. */
} ATTR_DEF_FLAGS;
/**
* struct ATTR_DEF *
* The data attribute of FILE_AttrDef contains a sequence of attribute
* definitions for the NTFS volume. With this, it is supposed to be safe for an
* older NTFS driver to mount a volume containing a newer NTFS version without
* damaging it (that's the theory. In practice it's: not damaging it too much).
* Entries are sorted by attribute type. The flags describe whether the
* attribute can be resident/non-resident and possibly other things, but the
* actual bits are unknown.
*/
typedef struct {
/*hex ofs*/
/* 0*/ ntfschar name[0x40];
/* Unicode name of the attribute. Zero
terminated. */
/* 80*/ ATTR_TYPES type;
/* Type of the attribute. */
/* 84*/ le32 display_rule;
/* Default display rule.
FIXME: What does it mean? (AIA) */
/* 88*/ COLLATION_RULES collation_rule; /* Default collation rule. */
/* 8c*/ ATTR_DEF_FLAGS flags;
/* Flags describing the attribute. */
/* 90*/ sle64 min_size;
/* Optional minimum attribute size. */
/* 98*/ sle64 max_size;
/* Maximum size of attribute. */
/* sizeof() = 0xa0 or 160 bytes */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) ATTR_DEF;
/**
* enum ATTR_FLAGS - Attribute flags (16-bit).
*/
typedef enum {
ATTR_IS_COMPRESSED
ATTR_COMPRESSION_MASK = const_cpu_to_le16(0x00ff), /* Compression
method mask. Also, first
illegal value. */
ATTR_IS_ENCRYPTED
ATTR_IS_SPARSE
} __attribute__((__packed__)) ATTR_FLAGS;
/*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Attribute compression.
Only the data attribute is ever compressed in the current ntfs driver in
Windows. Further, compression is only applied when the data attribute is
non-resident. Finally, to use compression, the maximum allowed cluster size
on a volume is 4kib.
The compression method is based on independently compressing blocks of X
clusters, where X is determined from the compression_unit value found in the
non-resident attribute record header (more precisely: X = 2^compression_unit
clusters). On Windows NT/2k, X always is 16 clusters (compression_unit = 4).
There are three different cases of how a compression block of X clusters
* can be stored:
*
* 1) The data in the block is all zero (a sparse block):
*
This is stored as a sparse block in the runlist, i.e. the runlist
*
entry has length = X and lcn = -1. The mapping pairs array actually
*
uses a delta_lcn value length of 0, i.e. delta_lcn is not present at
*
all, which is then interpreted by the driver as lcn = -1.
*
NOTE: Even uncompressed files can be sparse on NTFS 3.0 volumes, then
*
the same principles apply as above, except that the length is not
*
restricted to being any particular value.
*
* 2) The data in the block is not compressed:
*
This happens when compression doesn't reduce the size of the block
*
in clusters. I.e. if compression has a small effect so that the
*
compressed data still occupies X clusters, then the uncompressed data
*
is stored in the block.
*
This case is recognised by the fact that the runlist entry has
*
length = X and lcn >= 0. The mapping pairs array stores this as
*
normal with a run length of X and some specific delta_lcn, i.e.
*
delta_lcn has to be present.
*
* 3) The data in the block is compressed:
*
The common case. This case is recognised by the fact that the run
*
list entry has length L < X and lcn >= 0. The mapping pairs array
*
stores this as normal with a run length of X and some specific
*
delta_lcn, i.e. delta_lcn has to be present. This runlist entry is
*
immediately followed by a sparse entry with length = X - L and
*
lcn = -1. The latter entry is to make up the vcn counting to the
*
full compression block size X.
*
* In fact, life is more complicated because adjacent entries of the same type
* can be coalesced. This means that one has to keep track of the number of
* clusters handled and work on a basis of X clusters at a time being one
* block. An example: if length L > X this means that this particular runlist
* entry contains a block of length X and part of one or more blocks of length
* L - X. Another example: if length L < X, this does not necessarily mean that
* the block is compressed as it might be that the lcn changes inside the block
* and hence the following runlist entry describes the continuation of the
* potentially compressed block. The block would be compressed if the
* following runlist entry describes at least X - L sparse clusters, thus
* making up the compression block length as described in point 3 above. (Of
* course, there can be several runlist entries with small lengths so that the
* sparse entry does not follow the first data containing entry with
* length < X.)
*
* NOTE: At the end of the compressed attribute value, there most likely is not
* just the right amount of data to make up a compression block, thus this data
* is not even attempted to be compressed. It is just stored as is, unless
* the number of clusters it occupies is reduced when compressed in which case
* it is stored as a compressed compression block, complete with sparse
* clusters at the end.
*/
/**
* enum RESIDENT_ATTR_FLAGS - Flags of resident attributes (8-bit).
*/
typedef enum {
RESIDENT_ATTR_IS_INDEXED = 0x01, /* Attribute is referenced in an index
(has implications for deleting and
modifying the attribute). */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) RESIDENT_ATTR_FLAGS;
/**
* struct ATTR_RECORD - Attribute record header.
*
* Always aligned to 8-byte boundary.
*/
typedef struct {
/*Ofs*/
/* The (32-bit) type of the attribute. */
/* 4*/ le32 length;
/* Byte size of the resident part of the
attribute (aligned to 8-byte boundary).
Used to get to the next attribute. */
/* 8*/ u8 non_resident;
/* If 0, attribute is resident.
If 1, attribute is non-resident. */
/* 9*/ u8 name_length;
/* Unicode character size of name of attribute.
0 if unnamed. */
/* 10*/ le16 name_offset;
/* If name_length != 0, the byte offset to the
beginning of the name from the attribute
record. Note that the name is stored as a
Unicode string. When creating, place offset
just at the end of the record header. Then,
follow with attribute value or mapping pairs
array, resident and non-resident attributes
respectively, aligning to an 8-byte
boundary. */
/* 12*/ ATTR_FLAGS flags;
/* Flags describing the attribute. */
/* 14*/ le16 instance;
/* The instance of this attribute record. This
number is unique within this mft record (see
MFT_RECORD/next_attribute_instance notes
above for more details). */
/* 16*/ union {
/* Resident attributes. */
struct {
/* 16 */
le32 value_length; /* Byte size of attribute value. */
/* 20 */
le16 value_offset; /* Byte offset of the attribute
value from the start of the
attribute record. When creating,
align to 8-byte boundary if we
have a name present as this might
not have a length of a multiple
of 8-bytes. */
/* 22 */
RESIDENT_ATTR_FLAGS resident_flags; /* See above. */
/* 23 */
s8 reservedR;
/* Reserved/alignment to 8-byte
boundary. */
/* 24 */
void *resident_end[0]; /* Use offsetof(ATTR_RECORD,
resident_end) to get size of
a resident attribute. */
} __attribute__((__packed__));
/* Non-resident attributes. */
struct {
/* 16*/
leVCN lowest_vcn;
/* Lowest valid virtual cluster
number
for this portion of the attribute value or
0 if this is the only extent (usually the
case). - Only when an attribute list is used
does lowest_vcn != 0 ever occur. */
/* 24*/
leVCN highest_vcn; /* Highest valid vcn of this extent o
f
the attribute value. - Usually there is only one
portion, so this usually equals the attribute

value size in clusters minus 1. Can be -1 for
zero length files. Can be 0 for "single extent"
attributes. */
/* 32*/
le16 mapping_pairs_offset; /* Byte offset from the
beginning of the structure to the mapping pairs
array which contains the mappings between the
vcns and the logical cluster numbers (lcns).
When creating, place this at the end of this
record header aligned to 8-byte boundary. */
/* 34*/
u8 compression_unit; /* The compression unit expressed
as the log to the base 2 of the number of
clusters in a compression unit. 0 means not
compressed. (This effectively limits the
compression unit size to be a power of two
clusters.) WinNT4 only uses a value of 4. */
/* 35*/
u8 reserved1[5];
/* Align to 8-byte boundary. */
/* The sizes below are only used when lowest_vcn is zero, as otherwise it would
be difficult to keep them up-to-date.*/
/* 40*/
sle64 allocated_size; /* Byte size of disk space
allocated to hold the attribute value. Always
is a multiple of the cluster size. When a file
is compressed, this field is a multiple of the
compression block size (2^compression_unit) and
it represents the logically allocated space
rather than the actual on disk usage. For this
use the compressed_size (see below). */
/* 48*/
sle64 data_size;
/* Byte size of the attribute
value. Can be larger than allocated_size if
attribute value is compressed or sparse. */
/* 56*/
sle64 initialized_size; /* Byte size of initialized
portion of the attribute value. Usually equals
data_size. */
/* 64 */
void *non_resident_end[0]; /* Use offsetof(ATTR_RECORD,
non_resident_end) to get
size of a non resident
attribute. */
/* sizeof(uncompressed attr) = 64*/
/* 64*/
sle64 compressed_size; /* Byte size of the attribute
value after compression. Only present when
compressed. Always is a multiple of the
cluster size. Represents the actual amount of
disk space being used on the disk. */
/* 72 */
void *compressed_end[0];
/* Use offsetof(ATTR_RECORD, compressed_end) to
get size of a compressed attribute. */
/* sizeof(compressed attr) = 72*/
} __attribute__((__packed__)) ATTR_RECORD;
typedef ATTR_RECORD ATTR_REC;
/**
* enum FILE_ATTR_FLAGS - File attribute flags (32-bit).
*/
typedef enum {
/*
* These flags are only present in the STANDARD_INFORMATION attribute
* (in the field file_attributes).
*/
FILE_ATTR_READONLY
FILE_ATTR_HIDDEN
FILE_ATTR_SYSTEM
/* Old DOS volid. Unused in NT.
=
=
=
=
const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000001),
const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000008), */
FILE_ATTR_DIRECTORY
/* FILE_ATTR_DIRECTORY is not considered valid in NT. It is reserved
for the DOS SUBDIRECTORY flag. */
FILE_ATTR_ARCHIVE
FILE_ATTR_DEVICE
FILE_ATTR_NORMAL
FILE_ATTR_TEMPORARY
FILE_ATTR_SPARSE_FILE
FILE_ATTR_REPARSE_POINT
FILE_ATTR_COMPRESSED
=
=
=
=
FILE_ATTR_OFFLINE
FILE_ATTR_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED
FILE_ATTR_ENCRYPTED
FILE_ATTR_VALID_FLAGS
= const_cpu_to_le32(0x00007fb7),
/* FILE_ATTR_VALID_FLAGS masks out the old DOS VolId and the
FILE_ATTR_DEVICE and preserves everything else. This mask
is used to obtain all flags that are valid for reading. */
FILE_ATTR_VALID_SET_FLAGS
= const_cpu_to_le32(0x000031a7),
/* FILE_ATTR_VALID_SET_FLAGS masks out the old DOS VolId, the
FILE_ATTR_DEVICE, FILE_ATTR_DIRECTORY, FILE_ATTR_SPARSE_FILE,
FILE_ATTR_REPARSE_POINT, FILE_ATRE_COMPRESSED and FILE_ATTR_ENCRYPTED
and preserves the rest. This mask is used to to obtain all flags that
are valid for setting. */
/**
* FILE_ATTR_I30_INDEX_PRESENT - Is it a directory?
*
* This is a copy of the MFT_RECORD_IS_DIRECTORY bit from the mft
* record, telling us whether this is a directory or not, i.e. whether
* it has an index root attribute named "$I30" or not.
*
* This flag is only present in the FILE_NAME attribute (in the
* file_attributes field).
*/
FILE_ATTR_I30_INDEX_PRESENT
/**
* FILE_ATTR_VIEW_INDEX_PRESENT - Does have a non-directory index?
*
* This is a copy of the MFT_RECORD_IS_VIEW_INDEX bit from the mft
* record, telling us whether this file has a view index present (eg.
* object id index, quota index, one of the security indexes and the
* reparse points index).
*
* This flag is only present in the $STANDARD_INFORMATION and
* $FILE_NAME attributes.
*/
FILE_ATTR_VIEW_INDEX_PRESENT
} __attribute__((__packed__)) FILE_ATTR_FLAGS;
/*
* NOTE on times in NTFS: All times are in MS standard time format, i.e. they
* are the number of 100-nanosecond intervals since 1st January 1601, 00:00:00
* universal coordinated time (UTC). (In Linux time starts 1st January 1970,
* 00:00:00 UTC and is stored as the number of 1-second intervals since then.)
*/
/**
* struct STANDARD_INFORMATION - Attribute: Standard information (0x10).
*
* NOTE: Always resident.
* NOTE: Present in all base file records on a volume.
* NOTE: There is conflicting information about the meaning of each of the time
*
fields but the meaning as defined below has been verified to be
*
correct by practical experimentation on Windows NT4 SP6a and is hence
*
assumed to be the one and only correct interpretation.
*/
typedef struct {
/*Ofs*/
/* 0*/ sle64 creation_time;
/* Time file was created. Updated when
a filename is changed(?). */
/* 8*/ sle64 last_data_change_time;
/* Time the data attribute was last
modified. */
/* 16*/ sle64 last_mft_change_time;
/* Time this mft record was last
modified. */
/* 24*/ sle64 last_access_time;
/* Approximate time when the file was
last accessed (obviously this is not
updated on read-only volumes). In
Windows this is only updated when
accessed if some time delta has
passed since the last update. Also,
last access times updates can be
disabled altogether for speed. */
/* 32*/ FILE_ATTR_FLAGS file_attributes; /* Flags describing the file. */
/* 36*/ union {
/* NTFS 1.2 (and previous, presumably) */
struct {
/* 36 */ u8 reserved12[12];
/* Reserved/alignment to 8-byte
boundary. */
/* 48 */ void *v1_end[0];
/* Marker for offsetof(). */
/* NTFS 3.0 */
struct {
/*
* If a volume has been upgraded from a previous NTFS version, then these
* fields are present only if the file has been accessed since the upgrade.
* Recognize the difference by comparing the length of the resident attribute
* value. If it is 48, then the following fields are missing. If it is 72 then
* the fields are present. Maybe just check like this:
*
if (resident.ValueLength < sizeof(STANDARD_INFORMATION)) {
*
Assume NTFS 1.2- format.
*
If (volume version is 3.0+)
*
Upgrade attribute to NTFS 3.0 format.
*
else
*
Use NTFS 1.2- format for access.
*
} else
*
Use NTFS 3.0 format for access.
* Only problem is that it might be legal to set the length of the value to
* arbitrarily large values thus spoiling this check. - But chkdsk probably
* views that as a corruption, assuming that it behaves like this for all
* attributes.
*/
/* 36*/ le32 maximum_versions; /* Maximum allowed versions for
file. Zero if version numbering is disabled. */
/* 40*/ le32 version_number;
/* This file's version (if any).
Set to zero if maximum_versions is zero. */
/* 44*/ le32 class_id;
/* Class id from bidirectional
class id index (?). */
/* 48*/ le32 owner_id;
/* Owner_id of the user owning
the file. Translate via $Q index in FILE_Extend
/$Quota to the quota control entry for the user
owning the file. Zero if quotas are disabled. */
/* 52*/ le32 security_id;
/* Security_id for the file.
Translate via $SII index and $SDS data stream
in FILE_Secure to the security descriptor. */
/* 56*/ le64 quota_charged;
/* Byte size of the charge to
the quota for all streams of the file. Note: Is
zero if quotas are disabled. */
/* 64*/ le64 usn;
/* Last update sequence number
of the file. This is a direct index into the
change (aka usn) journal file. It is zero if
the usn journal is disabled.
NOTE: To disable the journal need to delete
the journal file itself and to then walk the
whole mft and set all Usn entries in all mft
records to zero! (This can take a while!)
The journal is FILE_Extend/$UsnJrnl. Win2k
will recreate the journal and initiate
logging if necessary when mounting the
partition. This, in contrast to disabling the
journal is a very fast process, so the user
won't even notice it. */
/* 72*/ void *v3_end[0]; /* Marker for offsetof(). */
/* sizeof() = 72 bytes (NTFS 3.0) */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) STANDARD_INFORMATION;
/**
* struct ATTR_LIST_ENTRY - Attribute: Attribute list (0x20).
*
* - Can be either resident or non-resident.
* - Value consists of a sequence of variable length, 8-byte aligned,
* ATTR_LIST_ENTRY records.
* - The attribute list attribute contains one entry for each attribute of
* the file in which the list is located, except for the list attribute
* itself. The list is sorted: first by attribute type, second by attribute
* name (if present), third by instance number. The extents of one
* non-resident attribute (if present) immediately follow after the initial
* extent. They are ordered by lowest_vcn and have their instance set to zero.
* It is not allowed to have two attributes with all sorting keys equal.
* - Further restrictions:
*
- If not resident, the vcn to lcn mapping array has to fit inside the
*
base mft record.
*
- The attribute list attribute value has a maximum size of 256kb. This
*
is imposed by the Windows cache manager.
* - Attribute lists are only used when the attributes of mft record do not
* fit inside the mft record despite all attributes (that can be made
* non-resident) having been made non-resident. This can happen e.g. when:
*
- File has a large number of hard links (lots of file name
*
*
*
*
*
*
*/
typedef
/*Ofs*/
/* 0*/
/* 4*/
/* 6*/
attributes present).
- The mapping pairs array of some non-resident attribute becomes so
large due to fragmentation that it overflows the mft record.
- The security descriptor is very complex (not applicable to
NTFS 3.0 volumes).
- There are many named streams.
struct {
ATTR_TYPES type;
le16 length;
u8 name_length;
/* Type of referenced attribute. */

/* Byte size of this entry. */
/* Size in Unicode chars of the name of the
attribute or 0 if unnamed. */
/* 7*/ u8 name_offset;
/* Byte offset to beginning of attribute name
(always set this to where the name would
start even if unnamed). */
/* 8*/ leVCN lowest_vcn;
/* Lowest virtual cluster number of this portion
of the attribute value. This is usually 0. It
is non-zero for the case where one attribute
does not fit into one mft record and thus
several mft records are allocated to hold
this attribute. In the latter case, each mft
record holds one extent of the attribute and
there is one attribute list entry for each
extent. NOTE: This is DEFINITELY a signed
value! The windows driver uses cmp, followed
by jg when comparing this, thus it treats it
as signed. */
/* 16*/ leMFT_REF mft_reference;/* The reference of the mft record holding
the ATTR_RECORD for this portion of the
attribute value. */
/* 24*/ le16 instance;
/* If lowest_vcn = 0, the instance of the
attribute being referenced; otherwise 0. */
/* 26*/ ntfschar name[0];
/* Use when creating only. When reading use
name_offset to determine the location of the
name. */
/* sizeof() = 26 + (attribute_name_length * 2) bytes */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) ATTR_LIST_ENTRY;
/*
* The maximum allowed length for a file name.
*/
#define NTFS_MAX_NAME_LEN
255
/**
* enum FILE_NAME_TYPE_FLAGS - Possible namespaces for filenames in ntfs.
* (8-bit).
*/
typedef enum {
FILE_NAME_POSIX
= 0x00,
/* This is the largest namespace. It is case sensitive and
allows all Unicode characters except for: '\0' and '/'.
Beware that in WinNT/2k files which eg have the same name
except for their case will not be distinguished by the
standard utilities and thus a "del filename" will delete
both "filename" and "fileName" without warning. */
FILE_NAME_WIN32
= 0x01,
/* The standard WinNT/2k NTFS long filenames. Case insensitive.
All Unicode chars except: '\0', '"', '*', '/', ':', '<',
'>', '?', '\' and '|'. Further, names cannot end with a '.'
or a space. */
FILE_NAME_DOS
= 0x02,
/* The standard DOS filenames (8.3 format). Uppercase only.
All 8-bit characters greater space, except: '"', '*', '+',
',', '/', ':', ';', '<', '=', '>', '?' and '\'. */
FILE_NAME_WIN32_AND_DOS
= 0x03,
/* 3 means that both the Win32 and the DOS filenames are
identical and hence have been saved in this single filename
record. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) FILE_NAME_TYPE_FLAGS;
/**
* struct FILE_NAME_ATTR - Attribute: Filename (0x30).
*
* NOTE: All fields, except the parent_directory, are only updated when the
*
filename is changed. Until then, they just become out of sync with
*
reality and the more up to date values are present in the standard
*
information attribute.
* NOTE: There is conflicting information about the meaning of each of the time
*
fields but the meaning as defined below has been verified to be
*
correct by practical experimentation on Windows NT4 SP6a and is hence
*
assumed to be the one and only correct interpretation.
*/
typedef struct {
/*hex ofs*/
/* 0*/ leMFT_REF parent_directory;
/* Directory this filename is
referenced from. */
/* 8*/ sle64 creation_time;
/* Time file was created. */
/* 10*/ sle64 last_data_change_time;
/* Time the data attribute was last
modified. */
/* 18*/ sle64 last_mft_change_time;
/* Time this mft record was last
modified. */
/* 20*/ sle64 last_access_time;
/* Last time this mft record was
accessed. */
/* 28*/ sle64 allocated_size;
/* Byte size of on-disk allocated space
for the data attribute. So for
normal $DATA, this is the
allocated_size from the unnamed
$DATA attribute and for compressed
and/or sparse $DATA, this is the
compressed_size from the unnamed
$DATA attribute. NOTE: This is a
multiple of the cluster size. */
/* 30*/ sle64 data_size;
/* Byte size of actual data in d
ata
attribute. */
/* 38*/ FILE_ATTR_FLAGS file_attributes;
/* Flags describing the file. */
/* 3c*/ union {
/* 3c*/ struct {
/* 3c*/ le16 packed_ea_size;
/* Size of the buffer needed to
pack the extended attributes
(EAs), if such are present.*/
/* 3e*/ le16 reserved;
/* Reserved for alignment. */
/* 3c*/ le32 reparse_point_tag;
/* Type of reparse point,
present only in reparse
points and only if there are
no EAs. */
/* 40*/ u8 file_name_length;
/* 41*/ FILE_NAME_TYPE_FLAGS file_name_type;
/* 42*/ ntfschar file_name[0];
} __attribute__((__packed__)) FILE_NAME_ATTR;
/* Length of
(Unicode)
/* Namespace
/* File name
file name in
characters. */
of the file name.*/
in Unicode. */
/**
* struct GUID - GUID structures store globally unique identifiers (GUID).
*
* A GUID is a 128-bit value consisting of one group of eight hexadecimal
* digits, followed by three groups of four hexadecimal digits each, followed
* by one group of twelve hexadecimal digits. GUIDs are Microsoft's
* implementation of the distributed computing environment (DCE) universally
* unique identifier (UUID).
*
* Example of a GUID:
*
1F010768-5A73-BC91-0010-A52216A7227B
*/
typedef struct {
le32 data1;
/* The first eight hexadecimal digits of the GUID. */
le16 data2;
/* The first group of four hexadecimal digits. */
le16 data3;
/* The second group of four hexadecimal digits. */
u8 data4[8];
/* The first two bytes are the third group of four
hexadecimal digits. The remaining six bytes are the
final 12 hexadecimal digits. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) GUID;
/**
* struct OBJ_ID_INDEX_DATA - FILE_Extend/$ObjId contains an index named $O.
*
* This index contains all object_ids present on the volume as the index keys
* and the corresponding mft_record numbers as the index entry data parts.
*
* The data part (defined below) also contains three other object_ids:
*
birth_volume_id - object_id of FILE_Volume on which the file was first
*
created. Optional (i.e. can be zero).
*
birth_object_id - object_id of file when it was first created. Usually
*
equals the object_id. Optional (i.e. can be zero).
*
domain_id
- Reserved (always zero).
*/
typedef struct {
leMFT_REF mft_reference;
/* Mft record containing the object_id
in the index entry key. */
union {
struct {
GUID birth_volume_id;
GUID birth_object_id;
GUID domain_id;
u8 extended_info[48];
} __attribute__((__packed__)) OBJ_ID_INDEX_DATA;
/**
* struct OBJECT_ID_ATTR - Attribute: Object id (NTFS 3.0+) (0x40).
*
*/
typedef struct {
GUID object_id;
/* Unique id assigned to the
file.*/
/* The following fields are optional. The attribute value size is 16
bytes, i.e. sizeof(GUID), if these are not present at all. Note,
the entries can be present but one or more (or all) can be zero
meaning that that particular value(s) is(are) not defined. Note,
when the fields are missing here, it is well possible that they are
to be found within the $Extend/$ObjId system file indexed under the
above object_id. */
union {
struct {
GUID birth_volume_id; /* Unique id of volume on which
the file was first created.*/
GUID birth_object_id; /* Unique id of file when it was
first created. */
GUID domain_id;
/* Reserved, zero. */
u8 extended_info[48];
} __attribute__((__packed__)) OBJECT_ID_ATTR;
#if 0
/**
* enum IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITIES *
* The pre-defined IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITIES
* the SID structure (see below).
*/
typedef enum {
SECURITY_NULL_SID_AUTHORITY
=
SECURITY_WORLD_SID_AUTHORITY
=
SECURITY_LOCAL_SID_AUTHORITY
=
SECURITY_CREATOR_SID_AUTHORITY =
SECURITY_NON_UNIQUE_AUTHORITY =
SECURITY_NT_SID_AUTHORITY
=
} IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITIES;
#endif
used as SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY in
{0,
{0,
{0,
{0,
{0,
{0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
/* SID
0, 0,
0, 0,
0, 0,
0, 0,
0, 0,
0, 0,
string prefix. */
0, 0}, /* S-1-0
0, 1}, /* S-1-1
0, 2}, /* S-1-2
0, 3}, /* S-1-3
0, 4}, /* S-1-4
0, 5}, /* S-1-5
*/
*/
*/
*/
*/
*/
/**
* enum RELATIVE_IDENTIFIERS *
* These relative identifiers (RIDs) are used with the above identifier
* authorities to make up universal well-known SIDs.
*
* Note: The relative identifier (RID) refers to the portion of a SID, which
* identifies a user or group in relation to the authority that issued the SID.
* For example, the universal well-known SID Creator Owner ID (S-1-3-0) is
* made up of the identifier authority SECURITY_CREATOR_SID_AUTHORITY (3) and
* the relative identifier SECURITY_CREATOR_OWNER_RID (0).
*/
typedef enum {
/* Identifier authority. */
SECURITY_NULL_RID
= 0, /* S-1-0 */
SECURITY_WORLD_RID
= 0, /* S-1-1 */
SECURITY_LOCAL_RID
= 0, /* S-1-2 */
SECURITY_CREATOR_OWNER_RID
SECURITY_CREATOR_GROUP_RID
= 0, /* S-1-3 */
= 1, /* S-1-3 */
SECURITY_CREATOR_OWNER_SERVER_RID = 2, /* S-1-3 */
SECURITY_CREATOR_GROUP_SERVER_RID = 3, /* S-1-3 */
SECURITY_DIALUP_RID
= 1,
SECURITY_NETWORK_RID
= 2,
SECURITY_BATCH_RID
= 3,
SECURITY_INTERACTIVE_RID
= 4,
SECURITY_SERVICE_RID
= 6,
SECURITY_ANONYMOUS_LOGON_RID
= 7,
SECURITY_PROXY_RID
= 8,
SECURITY_ENTERPRISE_CONTROLLERS_RID=9,
SECURITY_SERVER_LOGON_RID
= 9,
SECURITY_PRINCIPAL_SELF_RID
= 0xa,
SECURITY_AUTHENTICATED_USER_RID = 0xb,
SECURITY_RESTRICTED_CODE_RID
= 0xc,
SECURITY_TERMINAL_SERVER_RID
= 0xd,
SECURITY_LOGON_IDS_RID
SECURITY_LOGON_IDS_RID_COUNT
= 5,
= 3,
SECURITY_LOCAL_SYSTEM_RID
= 0x12,
SECURITY_NT_NON_UNIQUE
= 0x15,
SECURITY_BUILTIN_DOMAIN_RID
= 0x20,
/*
* Well-known domain relative sub-authority values (RIDs).
*/
/* Users. */
DOMAIN_USER_RID_ADMIN
DOMAIN_USER_RID_GUEST
DOMAIN_USER_RID_KRBTGT
= 0x1f4,
= 0x1f5,
= 0x1f6,
/* Groups. */
DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_ADMINS
=
DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_USERS
=
DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_GUESTS
=
DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_COMPUTERS
=
DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_CONTROLLERS
=
DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_CERT_ADMINS
=
DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_SCHEMA_ADMINS
=
DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_ENTERPRISE_ADMINS=
DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_POLICY_ADMINS
=
0x200,
0x201,
0x202,
0x203,
0x204,
0x205,
0x206,
0x207,
0x208,
/* Aliases. */
DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ADMINS
DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_USERS
DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_GUESTS
DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_POWER_USERS
=
=
=
=
0x220,
0x221,
0x222,
0x223,
DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ACCOUNT_OPS
DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_SYSTEM_OPS
DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_PRINT_OPS
DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_BACKUP_OPS
=
=
=
=
0x224,
0x225,
0x226,
0x227,
DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_REPLICATOR
= 0x228,
DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_RAS_SERVERS
= 0x229,
DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_PREW2KCOMPACCESS = 0x22a,
} RELATIVE_IDENTIFIERS;
/*
* The universal well-known SIDs:

*
*
NULL_SID
S-1-0-0
*
WORLD_SID
S-1-1-0
*
LOCAL_SID
S-1-2-0
*
CREATOR_OWNER_SID
S-1-3-0
*
CREATOR_GROUP_SID
S-1-3-1
*
CREATOR_OWNER_SERVER_SID
S-1-3-2
*
CREATOR_GROUP_SERVER_SID
S-1-3-3
*
*
(Non-unique IDs)
S-1-4
*
* NT well-known SIDs:
*
*
NT_AUTHORITY_SID
S-1-5
*
DIALUP_SID
S-1-5-1
*
*
NETWORD_SID
S-1-5-2
*
BATCH_SID
S-1-5-3
*
INTERACTIVE_SID
S-1-5-4
*
SERVICE_SID
S-1-5-6
*
ANONYMOUS_LOGON_SID
S-1-5-7
*
PROXY_SID
S-1-5-8
*
SERVER_LOGON_SID
S-1-5-9
*
SELF_SID
S-1-5-10
*
AUTHENTICATED_USER_SID S-1-5-11
*
RESTRICTED_CODE_SID
S-1-5-12
*
TERMINAL_SERVER_SID
S-1-5-13
*
*
(Logon IDs)
S-1-5-5-X-Y
*
*
(NT non-unique IDs)
S-1-5-0x15-...
*
*
(Built-in domain)
S-1-5-0x20
*/
(aka null logon session)

(aka domain controller account)
(self RID)
(running restricted code)
(running on terminal server)
/**
* union SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY - A 48-bit value used in the SID structure
*
* NOTE: This is stored as a big endian number.
*/
typedef union {
struct {
be16 high_part;
/* High 16-bits. */
be32 low_part;
/* Low 32-bits. */
u8 value[6];
/* Value as individual bytes. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY;
/**
* struct SID *
* The SID structure is a variable-length structure used to uniquely identify
* users or groups. SID stands for security identifier.
*
* The standard textual representation of the SID is of the form:
*
S-R-I-S-S...
* Where:
*
- The first "S" is the literal character 'S' identifying the following
*
digits as a SID.
*
- R is the revision level of the SID expressed as a sequence of digits
*
in decimal.
*
- I is the 48-bit identifier_authority, expressed as digits in decimal,
*
if I < 2^32, or hexadecimal prefixed by "0x", if I >= 2^32.
*
- S... is one or more sub_authority values, expressed as digits in
*
decimal.
*
* Example SID; the domain-relative SID of the local Administrators group on
* Windows NT/2k:
*
S-1-5-32-544
* This translates to a SID with:
*
revision = 1,
*
sub_authority_count = 2,
*
identifier_authority = {0,0,0,0,0,5}, // SECURITY_NT_AUTHORITY
*
sub_authority[0] = 32,
// SECURITY_BUILTIN_DOMAIN_RID
*
sub_authority[1] = 544
// DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ADMINS
*/
typedef struct {
u8 revision;
u8 sub_authority_count;
SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY identifier_authority;
le32 sub_authority[1];
/* At least one sub_authority. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) SID;
/**
* enum SID_CONSTANTS - Current constants
*/
typedef enum {
SID_REVISION
=
SID_MAX_SUB_AUTHORITIES
=
SID_RECOMMENDED_SUB_AUTHORITIES =
for SIDs.
1,
15,
1,
/* Current revision level. */

/* Maximum number of those. */
/* Will change to around 6 in
a future revision. */
} SID_CONSTANTS;
/**
* enum ACE_TYPES - The predefined ACE types (8-bit, see below).
*/
typedef enum {
ACCESS_MIN_MS_ACE_TYPE
= 0,
ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE_TYPE
= 0,
ACCESS_DENIED_ACE_TYPE
= 1,
SYSTEM_AUDIT_ACE_TYPE
= 2,
SYSTEM_ALARM_ACE_TYPE
= 3, /* Not implemented as of Win2k. */
ACCESS_MAX_MS_V2_ACE_TYPE
= 3,
ACCESS_ALLOWED_COMPOUND_ACE_TYPE= 4,
= 4,
/* The following are Win2k only. */
ACCESS_MIN_MS_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 5,
ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 5,
ACCESS_DENIED_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 6,
SYSTEM_AUDIT_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE
= 7,
SYSTEM_ALARM_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE
= 8,
ACCESS_MAX_MS_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 8,
= 8,
/* This one is for WinNT&2k. */

ACCESS_MAX_MS_ACE_TYPE
= 8,
} __attribute__((__packed__)) ACE_TYPES;
/**
* enum ACE_FLAGS - The ACE flags (8-bit) for audit and inheritance.
*
* SUCCESSFUL_ACCESS_ACE_FLAG is only used with system audit and alarm ACE
* types to indicate that a message is generated (in Windows!) for successful
* accesses.
*
* FAILED_ACCESS_ACE_FLAG is only used with system audit and alarm ACE types
* to indicate that a message is generated (in Windows!) for failed accesses.
*/
typedef enum {
/* The inheritance flags. */
OBJECT_INHERIT_ACE
= 0x01,
CONTAINER_INHERIT_ACE
= 0x02,
NO_PROPAGATE_INHERIT_ACE
= 0x04,
INHERIT_ONLY_ACE
= 0x08,
INHERITED_ACE
= 0x10, /* Win2k only. */
VALID_INHERIT_FLAGS
= 0x1f,
/* The audit flags. */
SUCCESSFUL_ACCESS_ACE_FLAG
= 0x40,
FAILED_ACCESS_ACE_FLAG
= 0x80,
} __attribute__((__packed__)) ACE_FLAGS;
/**
* struct ACE_HEADER *
* An ACE is an access-control entry in an access-control list (ACL).
* An ACE defines access to an object for a specific user or group or defines
* the types of access that generate system-administration messages or alarms
* for a specific user or group. The user or group is identified by a security
* identifier (SID).
*
* Each ACE starts with an ACE_HEADER structure (aligned on 4-byte boundary),
* which specifies the type and size of the ACE. The format of the subsequent
* data depends on the ACE type.
*/
typedef struct {
ACE_TYPES type;
/* Type of the ACE. */
ACE_FLAGS flags;
/* Flags describing the ACE. */
le16 size;
/* Size in bytes of the ACE. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) ACE_HEADER;
/**
* enum ACCESS_MASK - The access mask (32-bit).
*
* Defines the access rights.
*/
typedef enum {
/*
* The specific rights (bits 0 to 15). Depend on the type of the
* object being secured by the ACE.
*/
/* Specific rights for files and directories are as follows: */
/* Right to read data from the file. (FILE) */
FILE_READ_DATA
/* Right to list contents of a directory. (DIRECTORY) */

FILE_LIST_DIRECTORY
/* Right to write data to the file. (FILE) */
FILE_WRITE_DATA
/* Right to create a file in the directory. (DIRECTORY) */
FILE_ADD_FILE
/* Right to append data to the file. (FILE) */
FILE_APPEND_DATA
/* Right to create a subdirectory. (DIRECTORY) */
FILE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY
/* Right to read extended attributes. (FILE/DIRECTORY) */
FILE_READ_EA
/* Right to write extended attributes. (FILE/DIRECTORY) */
FILE_WRITE_EA
/* Right to execute a file. (FILE) */
FILE_EXECUTE
/* Right to traverse the directory. (DIRECTORY) */
FILE_TRAVERSE
/*
* Right to delete a directory and all the files it contains (its
* children), even if the files are read-only. (DIRECTORY)
*/
FILE_DELETE_CHILD
/* Right to read file attributes. (FILE/DIRECTORY) */
FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES
/* Right to change file attributes. (FILE/DIRECTORY) */
FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES
/*
* The standard rights (bits 16 to 23). Are independent of the type of
* object being secured.
*/
/* Right to delete the object. */
DELETE
/*
* Right to read the information in the object's security descriptor,
* not including the information in the SACL. I.e. right to read the
* security descriptor and owner.
*/
READ_CONTROL
/* Right to modify the DACL in the object's security descriptor. */
WRITE_DAC
/* Right to change the owner in the object's security descriptor. */
WRITE_OWNER
/*
* Right to use the object for synchronization. Enables a process to
* wait until the object is in the signalled state. Some object types
* do not support this access right.

*/
SYNCHRONIZE
/*
* The following STANDARD_RIGHTS_* are combinations of the above for
* convenience and are defined by the Win32 API.
*/
/* These are currently defined
STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ
STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE
STANDARD_RIGHTS_EXECUTE
to
=
=
=
READ_CONTROL. */
/* Combines DELETE, READ_CONTROL, WRITE_DAC, and WRITE_OWNER access. */

STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED
= const_cpu_to_le32(0x000f0000),
/*
* Combines DELETE, READ_CONTROL, WRITE_DAC, WRITE_OWNER, and
* SYNCHRONIZE access.
*/
STANDARD_RIGHTS_ALL
= const_cpu_to_le32(0x001f0000),
/*
* The access system ACL and maximum allowed access types (bits 24 to
* 25, bits 26 to 27 are reserved).
*/
ACCESS_SYSTEM_SECURITY
MAXIMUM_ALLOWED
/*
* The generic rights (bits 28 to 31). These map onto the standard and
* specific rights.
*/
/* Read, write, and execute access. */
GENERIC_ALL
/* Execute access. */
GENERIC_EXECUTE
/*
* Write access. For files, this maps onto:
*
FILE_APPEND_DATA | FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES | FILE_WRITE_DATA |
*
FILE_WRITE_EA | STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE | SYNCHRONIZE
* For directories, the mapping has the same numerical value. See
* above for the descriptions of the rights granted.
*/
GENERIC_WRITE
/*
* Read access. For files, this maps onto:
*
FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES | FILE_READ_DATA | FILE_READ_EA |
*
STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ | SYNCHRONIZE
* For directories, the mapping has the same numerical value. See
* above for the descriptions of the rights granted.
*/
GENERIC_READ
} ACCESS_MASK;
/**
* struct GENERIC_MAPPING *
* The generic mapping array. Used to denote the mapping of each generic
* access right to a specific access mask.
*
* FIXME: What exactly is this and what is it for? (AIA)
*/
typedef struct {
ACCESS_MASK generic_read;
ACCESS_MASK generic_write;
ACCESS_MASK generic_execute;
ACCESS_MASK generic_all;
} __attribute__((__packed__)) GENERIC_MAPPING;
/*
* The predefined ACE type structures are as defined below.
*/
/**
* struct ACCESS_DENIED_ACE *
* ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE, ACCESS_DENIED_ACE, SYSTEM_AUDIT_ACE, SYSTEM_ALARM_ACE
*/
typedef struct {
/* 0 ACE_HEADER; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like unnamed structs. */
ACE_TYPES type;
/* Type of the ACE. */
ACE_FLAGS flags;
/* Flags describing the ACE. */
le16 size;
/* Size in bytes of the ACE. */
/* 4*/ ACCESS_MASK mask;
/* Access mask associated with the ACE. */
/* 8*/ SID sid;
/* The SID associated with the ACE. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE, ACCESS_DENIED_ACE,
SYSTEM_AUDIT_ACE, SYSTEM_ALARM_ACE;
/**
* enum OBJECT_ACE_FLAGS - The object ACE flags (32-bit).
*/
typedef enum {
ACE_OBJECT_TYPE_PRESENT
ACE_INHERITED_OBJECT_TYPE_PRESENT
} OBJECT_ACE_FLAGS;
/**
* struct ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT_ACE */
typedef struct {
/* 0 ACE_HEADER; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't
ACE_TYPES type;
/* Type of the ACE.
ACE_FLAGS flags;
/* Flags describing
le16 size;
/* Size in bytes of
like unnamed structs. */

*/
the ACE. */
the ACE. */
/* 4*/ ACCESS_MASK mask;

/* Access mask associated with the ACE. */
/* 8*/ OBJECT_ACE_FLAGS object_flags; /* Flags describing the object ACE. */
/* 12*/ GUID object_type;
/* 28*/ GUID inherited_object_type;
/* 44*/ SID sid;
/* The SID associated with the ACE. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT_ACE,
ACCESS_DENIED_OBJECT_ACE,
SYSTEM_AUDIT_OBJECT_ACE,
SYSTEM_ALARM_OBJECT_ACE;
/**
* struct ACL - An ACL is an access-control list (ACL).
*
* An ACL starts with an ACL header structure, which specifies the size of
* the ACL and the number of ACEs it contains. The ACL header is followed by
* zero or more access control entries (ACEs). The ACL as well as each ACE
* are aligned on 4-byte boundaries.
*/
typedef struct {
u8 revision;
/* Revision of this ACL. */
u8 alignment1;
le16 size;
/* Allocated space in bytes for ACL. Includes this
header, the ACEs and the remaining free space. */
le16 ace_count; /* Number of ACEs in the ACL. */
le16 alignment2;
} __attribute__((__packed__)) ACL;
/**
* enum ACL_CONSTANTS - Current constants for ACLs.
*/
typedef enum {
/* Current revision. */
ACL_REVISION
= 2,
ACL_REVISION_DS
= 4,
/* History of revisions. */
ACL_REVISION1
= 1,
MIN_ACL_REVISION
= 2,
ACL_REVISION2
= 2,
ACL_REVISION3
= 3,
ACL_REVISION4
= 4,
MAX_ACL_REVISION
= 4,
} ACL_CONSTANTS;
/**
* enum SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONTROL *
* The security descriptor control flags (16-bit).
*
* SE_OWNER_DEFAULTED - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the
*
SID pointed to by the Owner field was provided by a
*
defaulting mechanism rather than explicitly provided by the
*
original provider of the security descriptor. This may
*
affect the treatment of the SID with respect to inheritance
*
of an owner.
*
* SE_GROUP_DEFAULTED - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the
*
SID in the Group field was provided by a defaulting mechanism
*
rather than explicitly provided by the original provider of
*
the security descriptor. This may affect the treatment of
*
the SID with respect to inheritance of a primary group.
*
* SE_DACL_PRESENT - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the
*
security descriptor contains a discretionary ACL. If this
*
flag is set and the Dacl field of the SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR is
*
null, then a null ACL is explicitly being specified.
*
* SE_DACL_DEFAULTED - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the

*
ACL pointed to by the Dacl field was provided by a defaulting
*
mechanism rather than explicitly provided by the original
*
provider of the security descriptor. This may affect the
*
treatment of the ACL with respect to inheritance of an ACL.
*
This flag is ignored if the DaclPresent flag is not set.
*
* SE_SACL_PRESENT - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the
*
security descriptor contains a system ACL pointed to by the
*
Sacl field. If this flag is set and the Sacl field of the
*
SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR is null, then an empty (but present)
*
ACL is being specified.
*
* SE_SACL_DEFAULTED - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the
*
ACL pointed to by the Sacl field was provided by a defaulting
*
mechanism rather than explicitly provided by the original
*
provider of the security descriptor. This may affect the
*
treatment of the ACL with respect to inheritance of an ACL.
*
This flag is ignored if the SaclPresent flag is not set.
*
* SE_SELF_RELATIVE - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the
*
security descriptor is in self-relative form. In this form,
*
all fields of the security descriptor are contiguous in memory
*
and all pointer fields are expressed as offsets from the
*
beginning of the security descriptor.
*/
typedef enum {
SE_OWNER_DEFAULTED
SE_GROUP_DEFAULTED
SE_DACL_PRESENT
SE_DACL_DEFAULTED
SE_SACL_PRESENT
SE_SACL_DEFAULTED
SE_DACL_AUTO_INHERIT_REQ
SE_SACL_AUTO_INHERIT_REQ
SE_DACL_AUTO_INHERITED
SE_SACL_AUTO_INHERITED
SE_DACL_PROTECTED
SE_SACL_PROTECTED
SE_RM_CONTROL_VALID
SE_SELF_RELATIVE
} __attribute__((__packed__)) SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONTROL;
/**
* struct SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_RELATIVE *
* Self-relative security descriptor. Contains the owner and group SIDs as well
* as the sacl and dacl ACLs inside the security descriptor itself.
*/
typedef struct {
u8 revision;
/* Revision level of the security descriptor. */
u8 alignment;
SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONTROL control; /* Flags qualifying the type of
the descriptor as well as the following fields. */
le32 owner;
/* Byte offset to a SID representing an object's
owner. If this is NULL, no owner SID is present in
the descriptor. */
le32 group;
/* Byte offset to a SID representing an object's
primary group. If this is NULL, no primary group
SID is present in the descriptor. */
le32 sacl;
/* Byte offset to a system ACL. Only valid, if

SE_SACL_PRESENT is set in the control field. If
SE_SACL_PRESENT is set but sacl is NULL, a NULL
is specified. */
le32 dacl;
/* Byte offset to a discretionary ACL. Only valid,
SE_DACL_PRESENT is set in the control field. If
SE_DACL_PRESENT is set but dacl is NULL, a NULL
(unconditionally granting access) is specified.
/* sizeof() = 0x14 bytes */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_RELATIVE;
ACL
if
ACL
*/
/**
* struct SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR - Absolute security descriptor.
*
* Does not contain the owner and group SIDs, nor the sacl and dacl ACLs inside
* the security descriptor. Instead, it contains pointers to these structures
* in memory. Obviously, absolute security descriptors are only useful for in
* memory representations of security descriptors.
*
* On disk, a self-relative security descriptor is used.
*/
typedef struct {
u8 revision;
/* Revision level of the security descriptor. */
u8 alignment;
SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONTROL control;
/* Flags qualifying the type of
the descriptor as well as the following fields. */
SID *owner;
/* Points to a SID representing an object's owner. If
this is NULL, no owner SID is present in the
descriptor. */
SID *group;
/* Points to a SID representing an object's primary
group. If this is NULL, no primary group SID is
present in the descriptor. */
ACL *sacl;
/* Points to a system ACL. Only valid, if
SE_SACL_PRESENT is set in the control field. If
SE_SACL_PRESENT is set but sacl is NULL, a NULL ACL
is specified. */
ACL *dacl;
/* Points to a discretionary ACL. Only valid, if
SE_DACL_PRESENT is set in the control field. If
SE_DACL_PRESENT is set but dacl is NULL, a NULL ACL
(unconditionally granting access) is specified. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR;
/**
* enum SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONSTANTS *
* Current constants for security descriptors.
*/
typedef enum {
/* Current revision. */
SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_REVISION
= 1,
SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_REVISION1 = 1,
/* The sizes of both the absolute and relative security descriptors is
the same as pointers, at least on ia32 architecture are 32-bit. */
SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_MIN_LENGTH = sizeof(SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR),
} SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONSTANTS;
/*
* Attribute: Security descriptor (0x50).
*
* A standard self-relative security descriptor.

*
* NOTE: Can be resident or non-resident.
* NOTE: Not used in NTFS 3.0+, as security descriptors are stored centrally
* in FILE_Secure and the correct descriptor is found using the security_id
* from the standard information attribute.
*/
typedef SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_RELATIVE SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_ATTR;
/*
* On NTFS 3.0+, all security descriptors are stored in FILE_Secure. Only one
* referenced instance of each unique security descriptor is stored.
*
* FILE_Secure contains no unnamed data attribute, i.e. it has zero length. It
* does, however, contain two indexes ($SDH and $SII) as well as a named data
* stream ($SDS).
*
* Every unique security descriptor is assigned a unique security identifier
* (security_id, not to be confused with a SID). The security_id is unique for
* the NTFS volume and is used as an index into the $SII index, which maps
* security_ids to the security descriptor's storage location within the $SDS
* data attribute. The $SII index is sorted by ascending security_id.
*
* A simple hash is computed from each security descriptor. This hash is used
* as an index into the $SDH index, which maps security descriptor hashes to
* the security descriptor's storage location within the $SDS data attribute.
* The $SDH index is sorted by security descriptor hash and is stored in a B+
* tree. When searching $SDH (with the intent of determining whether or not a
* new security descriptor is already present in the $SDS data stream), if a
* matching hash is found, but the security descriptors do not match, the
* search in the $SDH index is continued, searching for a next matching hash.
*
* When a precise match is found, the security_id corresponding to the security
* descriptor in the $SDS attribute is read from the found $SDH index entry and
* is stored in the $STANDARD_INFORMATION attribute of the file/directory to
* which the security descriptor is being applied. The $STANDARD_INFORMATION
* attribute is present in all base mft records (i.e. in all files and
* directories).
*
* If a match is not found, the security descriptor is assigned a new unique
* security_id and is added to the $SDS data attribute. Then, entries
* referencing the this security descriptor in the $SDS data attribute are
* added to the $SDH and $SII indexes.
*
* Note: Entries are never deleted from FILE_Secure, even if nothing
* references an entry any more.
*/
/**
* struct SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_HEADER *
* This header precedes each security descriptor in the $SDS data stream.
* This is also the index entry data part of both the $SII and $SDH indexes.
*/
typedef struct {
le32 hash;
/* Hash of the security descriptor. */
le32 security_id; /* The security_id assigned to the descriptor. */
le64 offset;
/* Byte offset of this entry in the $SDS stream. */
le32 length;
/* Size in bytes of this entry in $SDS stream. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_HEADER;
/**
* struct SDH_INDEX_DATA */
typedef struct {
le32 hash;
le32 security_id;
le64 offset;
le32 length;
le32 reserved_II;

/* The security_id assigned to the descriptor. */
/* Padding - always unicode "II" or zero. This field
isn't counted in INDEX_ENTRY's data_length. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) SDH_INDEX_DATA;
/**
* struct SII_INDEX_DATA */
typedef SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_HEADER SII_INDEX_DATA;
/**
* struct SDS_ENTRY *
* The $SDS data stream contains the security descriptors, aligned on 16-byte
* boundaries, sorted by security_id in a B+ tree. Security descriptors cannot
* cross 256kib boundaries (this restriction is imposed by the Windows cache
* manager). Each security descriptor is contained in a SDS_ENTRY structure.
* Also, each security descriptor is stored twice in the $SDS stream with a
* fixed offset of 0x40000 bytes (256kib, the Windows cache manager's max size)
* between them; i.e. if a SDS_ENTRY specifies an offset of 0x51d0, then the
* the first copy of the security descriptor will be at offset 0x51d0 in the
* $SDS data stream and the second copy will be at offset 0x451d0.
*/
typedef struct {
/* 0 SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_HEADER; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like
unnamed structs. */
le32 hash;
le64 offset;
le32 length;
/* 20*/ SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_RELATIVE sid; /* The self-relative security
descriptor. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) SDS_ENTRY;
/**
* struct SII_INDEX_KEY - The index entry key used in the $SII index.
*
* The collation type is COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONG.
*/
typedef struct {
} __attribute__((__packed__)) SII_INDEX_KEY;
/**
* struct SDH_INDEX_KEY - The index entry key used in the $SDH index.
*
* The keys are sorted first by hash and then by security_id.
* The collation rule is COLLATION_NTOFS_SECURITY_HASH.
*/
typedef struct {
le32 hash;
} __attribute__((__packed__)) SDH_INDEX_KEY;
/**
* struct VOLUME_NAME - Attribute: Volume name (0x60).
*
* NOTE: Present only in FILE_Volume.
*/
typedef struct {
ntfschar name[0];
/* The name of the volume in Unicode. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) VOLUME_NAME;
/**
* enum VOLUME_FLAGS - Possible flags for the volume (16-bit).
*/
typedef enum {
VOLUME_IS_DIRTY
VOLUME_RESIZE_LOG_FILE
VOLUME_UPGRADE_ON_MOUNT
VOLUME_MOUNTED_ON_NT4
VOLUME_DELETE_USN_UNDERWAY
VOLUME_REPAIR_OBJECT_ID
VOLUME_CHKDSK_UNDERWAY
VOLUME_MODIFIED_BY_CHKDSK
VOLUME_FLAGS_MASK
= const_cpu_to_le16(0xc03f),
} __attribute__((__packed__)) VOLUME_FLAGS;
/**
* struct VOLUME_INFORMATION - Attribute: Volume information (0x70).
*
* NOTE: Present only in FILE_Volume.
* NOTE: Windows 2000 uses NTFS 3.0 while Windows NT4 service pack 6a uses
*
NTFS 1.2. I haven't personally seen other values yet.
*/
typedef struct {
le64 reserved;
/* Not used (yet?). */
u8 major_ver;
/* Major version of the ntfs format. */
u8 minor_ver;
/* Minor version of the ntfs format. */
VOLUME_FLAGS flags;
/* Bit array of VOLUME_* flags. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) VOLUME_INFORMATION;
/**
* struct DATA_ATTR - Attribute: Data attribute (0x80).
*
*
* Data contents of a file (i.e. the unnamed stream) or of a named stream.
*/
typedef struct {
u8 data[0];
/* The file's data contents. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) DATA_ATTR;
/**
* enum INDEX_HEADER_FLAGS - Index header flags (8-bit).
*/
typedef enum {
/* When index header is in an index root attribute: */
SMALL_INDEX
= 0, /* The index is small enough to fit inside the
index root attribute and there is no index
LARGE_INDEX
allocation attribute present. */

= 1, /* The index is too large to fit in the index
root attribute and/or an index allocation
attribute is present. */
/*
* When index header is in an index block, i.e. is part of index
* allocation attribute:
*/
LEAF_NODE
= 0, /* This is a leaf node, i.e. there are no more
nodes branching off it. */
INDEX_NODE
= 1, /* This node indexes other nodes, i.e. is not a
leaf node. */
NODE_MASK
= 1, /* Mask for accessing the *_NODE bits. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) INDEX_HEADER_FLAGS;
/**
* struct INDEX_HEADER *
* This is the header for indexes, describing the INDEX_ENTRY records, which
* follow the INDEX_HEADER. Together the index header and the index entries
* make up a complete index.
*
* IMPORTANT NOTE: The offset, length and size structure members are counted
* relative to the start of the index header structure and not relative to the
* start of the index root or index allocation structures themselves.
*/
typedef struct {
/* 0*/ le32 entries_offset;
/* Byte offset from the INDEX_HEADER to first
INDEX_ENTRY, aligned to 8-byte boundary. */
/* 4*/ le32 index_length;
/* Data size in byte of the INDEX_ENTRY's,
including the INDEX_HEADER, aligned to 8. */
/* 8*/ le32 allocated_size;
/* Allocated byte size of this index (block),
multiple of 8 bytes. See more below.
*/
/*
For the index root attribute, the above two numbers are always
equal, as the attribute is resident and it is resized as needed.
For the index allocation attribute, the attribute is not resident
and the allocated_size is equal to the index_block_size specified
by the corresponding INDEX_ROOT attribute minus the INDEX_BLOCK
size not counting the INDEX_HEADER part (i.e. minus -24).
*/
/* 12*/ INDEX_HEADER_FLAGS ih_flags;
/* Bit field of INDEX_HEADER_FLAGS. */
/* 13*/ u8 reserved[3];
/* Reserved/align to 8-byte boundary.*/
/* sizeof() == 16 */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) INDEX_HEADER;
/**
* struct INDEX_ROOT - Attribute: Index root (0x90).
*
*
* This is followed by a sequence of index entries (INDEX_ENTRY structures)
* as described by the index header.
*
* When a directory is small enough to fit inside the index root then this
* is the only attribute describing the directory. When the directory is too
* large to fit in the index root, on the other hand, two additional attributes
* are present: an index allocation attribute, containing sub-nodes of the B+
* directory tree (see below), and a bitmap attribute, describing which virtual
* cluster numbers (vcns) in the index allocation attribute are in use by an

* index block.
*
* NOTE: The root directory (FILE_root) contains an entry for itself. Other
* directories do not contain entries for themselves, though.
*/
typedef struct {
/* Type of the indexed attribute. Is
$FILE_NAME for directories, zero
for view indexes. No other values
allowed. */
/* 4*/ COLLATION_RULES collation_rule; /* Collation rule used to sort the
index entries. If type is $FILE_NAME,
this must be COLLATION_FILE_NAME. */
/* 8*/ le32 index_block_size;
/* Size of index block in bytes (in
the index allocation attribute). */
/* 12*/ s8 clusters_per_index_block;
/* Size of index block in clusters (in
the index allocation attribute), when
an index block is >= than a cluster,
otherwise sectors per index block. */
/* 13*/ u8 reserved[3];
/* Reserved/align to 8-byte boundary. */
/* 16*/ INDEX_HEADER index;
/* Index header describing the
following index entries. */
/* sizeof()= 32 bytes */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) INDEX_ROOT;
/**
* struct INDEX_BLOCK - Attribute: Index allocation (0xa0).
*
* NOTE: Always non-resident (doesn't make sense to be resident anyway!).
*
* This is an array of index blocks. Each index block starts with an
* INDEX_BLOCK structure containing an index header, followed by a sequence of
* index entries (INDEX_ENTRY structures), as described by the INDEX_HEADER.
*/
typedef struct {
NTFS_RECORD_TYPES magic;/* Magic is "INDX". */
le16 usa_ofs;
/* See NTFS_RECORD definition. */
le16 usa_count;
/* See NTFS_RECORD definition. */
/* 8*/ leLSN lsn;
/* $LogFile sequence number of the last

modification of this index block. */
/* 16*/ leVCN index_block_vcn; /* Virtual cluster number of the index block. */
/* 24*/ INDEX_HEADER index;
/* Describes the following index entries. */
/* sizeof()= 40 (0x28) bytes */
/*
* When creating the index block, we place the update sequence array at this
* offset, i.e. before we start with the index entries. This also makes sense,
* When reading use the data from the ntfs record header.
*/
} __attribute__((__packed__)) INDEX_BLOCK;
typedef INDEX_BLOCK INDEX_ALLOCATION;
/**
* struct REPARSE_INDEX_KEY *
* The system file FILE_Extend/$Reparse contains an index named $R listing
* all reparse points on the volume. The index entry keys are as defined
* below. Note, that there is no index data associated with the index entries.
*
* The index entries are sorted by the index key file_id. The collation rule is
* COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONGS. FIXME: Verify whether the reparse_tag is not the
* primary key / is not a key at all. (AIA)
*/
typedef struct {
le32 reparse_tag;
/* Reparse point type (inc. flags). */
leMFT_REF file_id;
/* Mft record of the file containing the
reparse point attribute. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) REPARSE_INDEX_KEY;
/**
* enum QUOTA_FLAGS - Quota flags (32-bit).
*/
typedef enum {
/* The user quota flags. Names explain meaning. */
QUOTA_FLAG_DEFAULT_LIMITS
QUOTA_FLAG_LIMIT_REACHED
QUOTA_FLAG_ID_DELETED
QUOTA_FLAG_USER_MASK
/* Bit mask for user quota flags. */
/* These flags are only present in the quota defaults index entry,
i.e. in the entry where owner_id = QUOTA_DEFAULTS_ID. */
QUOTA_FLAG_TRACKING_ENABLED
QUOTA_FLAG_ENFORCEMENT_ENABLED = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000020),
QUOTA_FLAG_TRACKING_REQUESTED = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000040),
QUOTA_FLAG_LOG_THRESHOLD
QUOTA_FLAG_LOG_LIMIT
QUOTA_FLAG_OUT_OF_DATE
QUOTA_FLAG_CORRUPT
QUOTA_FLAG_PENDING_DELETES
} QUOTA_FLAGS;
/**
* struct QUOTA_CONTROL_ENTRY *
* The system file FILE_Extend/$Quota contains two indexes $O and $Q. Quotas
* are on a per volume and per user basis.
*
* The $Q index contains one entry for each existing user_id on the volume. The
* index key is the user_id of the user/group owning this quota control entry,
* i.e. the key is the owner_id. The user_id of the owner of a file, i.e. the
* owner_id, is found in the standard information attribute. The collation rule
* for $Q is COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONG.
*
* The $O index contains one entry for each user/group who has been assigned
* a quota on that volume. The index key holds the SID of the user_id the
* entry belongs to, i.e. the owner_id. The collation rule for $O is
* COLLATION_NTOFS_SID.
*
* The $O index entry data is the user_id of the user corresponding to the SID.
* This user_id is used as an index into $Q to find the quota control entry
* associated with the SID.
*
* The $Q index entry data is the quota control entry and is defined below.
*/
typedef struct {
le32 version;
/* Currently equals 2. */
QUOTA_FLAGS flags;
/* Flags describing this quota entry. */
le64 bytes_used;
/* How many bytes of the quota are in us
e. */
sle64 change_time;
/* Last time this quota entry was changed. */
sle64 threshold;
/* Soft quota (-1 if not limited). */
sle64 limit;
/* Hard quota (-1 if not limited). */
sle64 exceeded_time;
/* How long the soft quota has been exceeded. */
/* The below field is NOT present for the quota defaults entry. */
SID sid;
/* The SID of the user/object associated with
this quota entry. If this field is missing
then the INDEX_ENTRY is padded to a multiple
of 8 with zeros which are not counted in
the data_length field. If the sid is present
then this structure is padded with zeros to
a multiple of 8 and the padding is counted in
the INDEX_ENTRY's data_length. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) QUOTA_CONTROL_ENTRY;
/**
* struct QUOTA_O_INDEX_DATA */
typedef struct {
le32 owner_id;
le32 unknown;
/* Always 32. Seems to be padding and it's not
counted in the INDEX_ENTRY's data_length.
This field shouldn't be really here. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) QUOTA_O_INDEX_DATA;
/**
* enum PREDEFINED_OWNER_IDS - Predefined owner_id values (32-bit).
*/
typedef enum {
QUOTA_INVALID_ID
QUOTA_DEFAULTS_ID
QUOTA_FIRST_USER_ID
} PREDEFINED_OWNER_IDS;
/**
* enum INDEX_ENTRY_FLAGS - Index entry flags (16-bit).
*/
typedef enum {
INDEX_ENTRY_NODE = const_cpu_to_le16(1), /* This entry contains a
sub-node, i.e. a reference to an index
block in form of a virtual cluster
number (see below). */
INDEX_ENTRY_END = const_cpu_to_le16(2), /* This signifies the last
entry in an index block. The index
entry does not represent a file but it
can point to a sub-node. */
INDEX_ENTRY_SPACE_FILLER = 0xffff, /* Just to force 16-bit width. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) INDEX_ENTRY_FLAGS;
/**
* struct INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER - This the index entry header (see below).
*
*
==========================================================
*
!!!!! SEE DESCRIPTION OF THE FIELDS AT INDEX_ENTRY !!!!!
*
==========================================================
*/
typedef struct {
/* 0*/ union {
leMFT_REF indexed_file;
struct {
le16 data_offset;
le16 data_length;
le32 reservedV;
/* 8*/ le16 length;
/* 10*/ le16 key_length;
/* 12*/ INDEX_ENTRY_FLAGS flags;
} __attribute__((__packed__)) INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER;
/**
* struct INDEX_ENTRY - This is an index entry.
*
* A sequence of such entries follows each INDEX_HEADER structure. Together
* they make up a complete index. The index follows either an index root
* attribute or an index allocation attribute.
*
* NOTE: Before NTFS 3.0 only filename attributes were indexed.
*/
typedef struct {
/* 0 INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER; -- Unfolded here as gcc dislikes unnamed structs. */
union {
/* Only valid when INDEX_ENTRY_END is not set. */
leMFT_REF indexed_file;
/* The mft reference of the file
described by this index
entry. Used for directory
indexes. */
struct { /* Used for views/indexes to find the entry's data. */
le16 data_offset;
/* Data byte offset from this
INDEX_ENTRY. Follows the
index key. */
le16 data_length;
/* Data length in bytes. */
le32 reservedV;
/* Reserved (zero). */
/* 8*/ le16 length;
/* Byte size of this index entry, multiple of
8-bytes. Size includes INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER
and the optional subnode VCN. See below. */
/* 10*/ le16 key_length;
/* Byte size of the key value, which is
in the
index entry. It follows field reserved. Not
multiple of 8-bytes. */
/* 12*/ INDEX_ENTRY_FLAGS ie_flags; /* Bit field of INDEX_ENTRY_* flags. */
/* Reserved/align to 8-byte boundary. */
/*
End of INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER */
/* 16*/ union {
/* The key of the indexed attribute. NOTE: Only present
if INDEX_ENTRY_END bit in flags is not set. NOTE: On
NTFS versions before 3.0 the only valid key is the
FILE_NAME_ATTR. On NTFS 3.0+ the following
additional index keys are defined: */
FILE_NAME_ATTR file_name;/* $I30 index in directories. */
SII_INDEX_KEY sii;
SDH_INDEX_KEY sdh;
GUID object_id;
/* $SII index in $Secure. */

/* $SDH index in $Secure. */
/* $O index in FILE_Extend/$ObjId: The
object_id of the mft record found in
the data part of the index. */
REPARSE_INDEX_KEY reparse;
/* $R index in
FILE_Extend/$Reparse. */
SID sid;
/* $O index in FILE_Extend/$Quota:
SID of the owner of the user_id. */
le32 owner_id;
/* $Q index in FILE_Extend/$Quota:
user_id of the owner of the quota
control entry in the data part of
the index. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) key;
/* The (optional) index data is inserted here when creating.
leVCN vcn;
If INDEX_ENTRY_NODE bit in ie_flags is set, the last
eight bytes of this index entry contain the virtual
cluster number of the index block that holds the
entries immediately preceding the current entry.
If the key_length is zero, then the vcn immediately
follows the INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER.
The address of the vcn of "ie" INDEX_ENTRY is given b
y
(char*)ie + le16_to_cpu(ie->length) - sizeof(VCN)
*/
} __attribute__((__packed__)) INDEX_ENTRY;
/**
* struct BITMAP_ATTR - Attribute: Bitmap (0xb0).
*
* Contains an array of bits (aka a bitfield).
*
* When used in conjunction with the index allocation attribute, each bit
* corresponds to one index block within the index allocation attribute. Thus
* the number of bits in the bitmap * index block size / cluster size is the
* number of clusters in the index allocation attribute.
*/
typedef struct {
u8 bitmap[0];
/* Array of bits. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) BITMAP_ATTR;
/**
* enum PREDEFINED_REPARSE_TAGS *
* The reparse point tag defines the type of the reparse point. It also
* includes several flags, which further describe the reparse point.
*
* The reparse point tag is an unsigned 32-bit value divided in three parts:
*
* 1. The least significant 16 bits (i.e. bits 0 to 15) specify the type of
*
the reparse point.
* 2. The 13 bits after this (i.e. bits 16 to 28) are reserved for future use.
* 3. The most significant three bits are flags describing the reparse point.
*
They are defined as follows:
*
bit 29: Name surrogate bit. If set, the filename is an alias for
*
another object in the system.
*
bit 30: High-latency bit. If set, accessing the first byte of data will
*
be slow. (E.g. the data is stored on a tape drive.)
*
bit 31: Microsoft bit. If set, the tag is owned by Microsoft. User
*
defined tags have to use zero here.
*/
typedef enum {
IO_REPARSE_TAG_IS_ALIAS
IO_REPARSE_TAG_IS_HIGH_LATENCY = const_cpu_to_le32(0x40000000),
IO_REPARSE_TAG_IS_MICROSOFT
IO_REPARSE_TAG_RESERVED_ZERO
IO_REPARSE_TAG_RESERVED_ONE
IO_REPARSE_TAG_RESERVED_RANGE
IO_REPARSE_TAG_CSV
IO_REPARSE_TAG_DEDUP
IO_REPARSE_TAG_DFS
IO_REPARSE_TAG_DFSR
IO_REPARSE_TAG_HSM
IO_REPARSE_TAG_HSM2
IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT
IO_REPARSE_TAG_NFS
IO_REPARSE_TAG_SIS
IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK
IO_REPARSE_TAG_WIM
IO_REPARSE_TAG_WOF
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
IO_REPARSE_TAG_VALID_VALUES
} PREDEFINED_REPARSE_TAGS;
const_cpu_to_le32(0x8000000A),
const_cpu_to_le32(0xC0000004),
const_cpu_to_le32(0xA0000003),
const_cpu_to_le32(0xA000000C),
= const_cpu_to_le32(0xf000ffff),
/**
* struct REPARSE_POINT - Attribute: Reparse point (0xc0).
*
*/
typedef struct {
le32 reparse_tag;
/* Reparse point type (inc. flags). */
le16 reparse_data_length;
/* Byte size of reparse data. */
le16 reserved;
/* Align to 8-byte boundary. */
u8 reparse_data[0];
/* Meaning depends on reparse_tag. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) REPARSE_POINT;
/**
* struct EA_INFORMATION - Attribute: Extended attribute information (0xd0).
*
*/
typedef struct {
le16 ea_length;
/* Byte size of the packed extended
attributes. */
le16 need_ea_count;
/* The number of extended attributes which have
the NEED_EA bit set. */
le32 ea_query_length; /* Byte size of the buffer required to query
the extended attributes when calling
ZwQueryEaFile() in Windows NT/2k. I.e. the
byte size of the unpacked extended
attributes. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) EA_INFORMATION;
/**
* enum EA_FLAGS - Extended attribute flags (8-bit).
*/
typedef enum {
NEED_EA = 0x80,
/* Indicate that the file to which the EA

belongs cannot be interpreted without
understanding the associated extended
attributes. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) EA_FLAGS;
/**
* struct EA_ATTR - Attribute: Extended attribute (EA) (0xe0).
*
* Like the attribute list and the index buffer list, the EA attribute value is
* a sequence of EA_ATTR variable length records.
*
* FIXME: It appears weird that the EA name is not Unicode. Is it true?
* FIXME: It seems that name is always uppercased. Is it true?
*/
typedef struct {
le32 next_entry_offset; /* Offset to the next EA_ATTR. */
EA_FLAGS flags;
/* Flags describing the EA. */
u8 name_length;
/* Length of the name of the extended
attribute in bytes. */
le16 value_length;
/* Byte size of the EA's value. */
u8 name[0];
/* Name of the EA. */
u8 value[0];
/* The value of the EA. Immediately
follows the name. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) EA_ATTR;
/**
* struct PROPERTY_SET - Attribute: Property set (0xf0).
*
* Intended to support Native Structure Storage (NSS) - a feature removed from
* NTFS 3.0 during beta testing.
*/
typedef struct {
/* Irrelevant as feature unused. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) PROPERTY_SET;
/**
* struct LOGGED_UTILITY_STREAM - Attribute: Logged utility stream (0x100).
*
*
* Operations on this attribute are logged to the journal ($LogFile) like
* normal metadata changes.
*
* Used by the Encrypting File System (EFS). All encrypted files have this
* attribute with the name $EFS. See below for the relevant structures.
*/
typedef struct {
/* Can be anything the creator chooses. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) LOGGED_UTILITY_STREAM;
/*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
$EFS Data Structure:

The following information is about the data structures that are contained
inside a logged utility stream (0x100) with a name of "$EFS".
The stream starts with an instance of EFS_ATTR_HEADER.
* Next, at offsets offset_to_ddf_array and offset_to_drf_array (unless any of

* them is 0) there is a EFS_DF_ARRAY_HEADER immediately followed by a sequence
* of multiple data decryption/recovery fields.
*
* Each data decryption/recovery field starts with a EFS_DF_HEADER and the next
* one (if it exists) can be found by adding EFS_DF_HEADER->df_length bytes to
* the offset of the beginning of the current EFS_DF_HEADER.
*
* The data decryption/recovery field contains an EFS_DF_CERTIFICATE_HEADER, a
* SID, an optional GUID, an optional container name, a non-optional user name,
* and the encrypted FEK.
*
* Note all the below are best guesses so may have mistakes/inaccuracies.
* Corrections/clarifications/additions are always welcome!
*
* Ntfs.sys takes an EFS value length of <= 0x54 or > 0x40000 to BSOD, i.e. it
* is invalid.
*/
/**
* struct EFS_ATTR_HEADER - "$EFS" header.
*
* The header of the Logged utility stream (0x100) attribute named "$EFS".
*/
typedef struct {
/* 0*/ le32 length;
/* Length of EFS attribute in bytes. */
le32 state;
/* Always 0? */
le32 version;
/* Efs version. Always 2? */
le32 crypto_api_version;
/* Always 0? */
/* 16*/ u8 unknown4[16];
/* MD5 hash of decrypted FEK? This field is
created with a call to UuidCreate() so is
unlikely to be an MD5 hash and is more
likely to be GUID of this encrytped file
or something like that. */
/* 32*/ u8 unknown5[16];
/* MD5 hash of DDFs? */
/* 48*/ u8 unknown6[16];
/* MD5 hash of DRFs? */
/* 64*/ le32 offset_to_ddf_array;/* Offset in bytes to the array of data
decryption fields (DDF), see below. Zero if
no DDFs are present. */
le32 offset_to_drf_array;/* Offset in bytes to the array of data
recovery fields (DRF), see below. Zero if
no DRFs are present. */
le32 reserved;
/* Reserved. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) EFS_ATTR_HEADER;
/**
* struct EFS_DF_ARRAY_HEADER */
typedef struct {
le32 df_count;
/* Number of data decryption/recovery fields in
the array. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) EFS_DF_ARRAY_HEADER;
/**
* struct EFS_DF_HEADER */
typedef struct {
/* 0*/ le32 df_length;
/* Length of this data decryption/recovery

field in bytes. */
le32 cred_header_offset;
/* Offset in bytes to the credential hea
der. */
le32 fek_size;
le32 fek_offset;
/* Size in bytes of the encrypted file

encryption key (FEK). */
/* Offset in bytes to the FEK from the s
tart of
the data decryption/recovery field. */
/* 16*/ le32 unknown1;
/* always 0? Might be just padding. */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) EFS_DF_HEADER;
/**
* struct EFS_DF_CREDENTIAL_HEADER */
typedef struct {
/* 0*/ le32 cred_length;
/* Length of this credential in bytes. */
le32 sid_offset;
/* Offset in bytes to the user's sid fro
m start
of this structure. Zero if no sid is
present. */
/* 8*/ le32 type;
/* Type of this credential:
1 = CryptoAPI container.
2 = Unexpected type.
3 = Certificate thumbprint.
other = Unknown type. */
union {
/* CryptoAPI container. */
struct {
/* 12*/
le32 container_name_offset;
/* Offset in bytes to
the name of the container from start of this
structure (may not be zero). */
/* 16*/
le32 provider_name_offset;
the name of the provider from start of this
structure (may not be zero). */
le32 public_key_blob_offset;
the public key blob from start of this
structure. */
/* 24*/
le32 public_key_blob_size;
/* Size in bytes of
public key blob. */
/* Certificate thumbprint. */
struct {
/* 12*/
le32 cert_thumbprint_header_size;
/* Size in
bytes of the header of the certificate
thumbprint. */
/* 16*/
le32 cert_thumbprint_header_offset;
/* Offset in
bytes to the header of the certificate
thumbprint from start of this structure. */
le32 unknown1; /* Always 0? Might be padding... */
le32 unknown2; /* Always 0? Might be padding... */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) EFS_DF_CREDENTIAL_HEADER;
typedef EFS_DF_CREDENTIAL_HEADER EFS_DF_CRED_HEADER;
/**
* struct EFS_DF_CERTIFICATE_THUMBPRINT_HEADER */
typedef struct {
/* 0*/ le32 thumbprint_offset;
/* Offset in bytes to the thumbprint. */
le32 thumbprint_size;
/* Size of thumbprint in bytes. */
/* 8*/ le32 container_name_offset;
/* Offset in bytes to the name of the

container from start of this
structure or 0 if no name present. */
le32 provider_name_offset;
/* Offset in bytes to the name of the
cryptographic provider from start of
this structure or 0 if no name
present. */
/* 16*/ le32 user_name_offset;
/* Offset in bytes to the user name
from start of this structure or 0 if
no user name present. (This is also
known as lpDisplayInformation.) */
} __attribute__((__packed__)) EFS_DF_CERTIFICATE_THUMBPRINT_HEADER;
typedef EFS_DF_CERTIFICATE_THUMBPRINT_HEADER EFS_DF_CERT_THUMBPRINT_HEADER;
typedef enum {
INTX_SYMBOLIC_LINK =
const_cpu_to_le64(0x014B4E4C78746E49ULL), /* "IntxLNK\1" */
INTX_CHARACTER_DEVICE =
const_cpu_to_le64(0x0052484378746E49ULL), /* "IntxCHR\0" */
INTX_BLOCK_DEVICE =
const_cpu_to_le64(0x004B4C4278746E49ULL), /* "IntxBLK\0" */
} INTX_FILE_TYPES;
typedef struct {
INTX_FILE_TYPES magic;
/* Intx file magic. */
union {
/* For character and block devices. */
struct {
le64 major;
/* Major device number. */
le64 minor;
/* Minor device number. */
void *device_end[0];
/* Marker for offsetof(). */
/* For symbolic links. */
ntfschar target[0];
} __attribute__((__packed__)) INTX_FILE;
#endif /* defined _NTFS_LAYOUT_H */

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/*

* layout.h - Ntfs on-disk layout structures. Originated from the Linux-NTFS pr

/* Offset to the start of the partition

Irrelevant (jump to boot up code).*/

/* sizeof() = 512 (0x200) bytes */

macros for the NTFS_RECORD_TYPES defined above.

#define ntfs_is_chkd_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, CHKD) )

( ntfs_is_magic (x, empty) )

/* First user file, used as test limit for

((MFT_REF)(((MFT_REF)(s) << 48) |

((u64)((x) & MFT_REF_MASK_CPU))

#define IS_ERR_MREF(x) (((x) & 0x0000800000000000ULL) ? 1 : 0)

/* 18*/ le16 link_count;

/* $LogFile sequence number for this record.

/* 20*/ le16 attrs_offset;

/* 22*/ MFT_RECORD_FLAGS flags; /*

/* 28*/ le32 bytes_allocated;

delete the file. Otherwise we delete the

/* 32*/ leMFT_REF base_mft_record;

/* 18*/ le16 link_count;

/* 20*/ le16 attrs_offset;

/* See NTFS_RECORD definition above. */

/* 22*/ MFT_RECORD_FLAGS flags; /*

/* 28*/ le32 bytes_allocated;

directory entries referencing this record.

/* 32*/ leMFT_REF base_mft_record;

le32 key values. E.g. used for $O index in FILE_Extend/$ObjId, which

= const_cpu_to_le32(0), /* Collate by binary

portion, so this usually equals the attribute

/* Type of referenced attribute. */

* The universal well-known SIDs:

(aka null logon session)

/* Current revision level. */

/* This one is for WinNT&2k. */

/* Right to list contents of a directory. (DIRECTORY) */

* do not support this access right.

/* Combines DELETE, READ_CONTROL, WRITE_DAC, and WRITE_OWNER access. */

like unnamed structs. */

/* 4*/ ACCESS_MASK mask;

* SE_DACL_DEFAULTED - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the

/* Byte offset to a system ACL. Only valid, if

* A standard self-relative security descriptor.

/* Hash of the security descriptor. */

allocation attribute present. */

* cluster numbers (vcns) in the index allocation attribute are in use by an

/* $LogFile sequence number of the last

/* $SII index in $Secure. */

/* Indicate that the file to which the EA

$EFS Data Structure:

* Next, at offsets offset_to_ddf_array and offset_to_drf_array (unless any of

/* Length of this data decryption/recovery

/* Size in bytes of the encrypted file

/* 8*/ le32 container_name_offset;

/* Offset in bytes to the name of the

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/* 22/ MFT_RECORD_FLAGS flags; /

/* 22/ MFT_RECORD_FLAGS flags; /