Lesson 2 LEAVES - THE FOOD FACTORY OF PLANTS

SHORT ANSWERS
1. Name the different parts of a leaf.

2. What is chlorophyll? What is its role in the process of

photosynthesis?
The green substance present in the leaves is called chlorophyll.
Chlorophyll absorbs energy from sunlight.
3. Define the term photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is the process by which leaves make food, using
carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and
chlorophyll.
Photo /
synthesis
Light
Prepare
4. Give two examples each of a stem, root, leaf, seed and fruit
that store food.
STEM: Sugarcane, Potato
ROOT: Carrot, Beetroot
LEAF: Cabbage, Spinach
SEED: Rice, Pea
FRUIT: Apple, Banana
5. What are fungi? Give two examples.
Fungi are non-green plants. They do not have chlorophyll. They
cannot produce their own food.
Eg: mushroom, bracket fungi

LONG ANSWERS
1. Write a short note on stomata.
Tiny pores on the lower surface of a leaf
During photosynthesis, they take in carbondioxide and give
out oxygen and water vapour

2. Explain the process by which leaves make food for plants.

Green leaves contain chlorophyll which absorbs sunlight and
prepares food from carbon dioxide and water.
This process is called photosynthesis.
The food is in the form of a sugar.

3. Describe how plants use the food made by leaves.

Plants use the food made by the leaves,
To get energy
For their growth
To store extra food as vegetables.
4. What happens to the extra food?
The extra food is stored as starch in other parts of the plant
such as root, stem, leaves, fruits or seeds.
STEM: Sugarcane, Potato
ROOT: Carrot, Beetroot
LEAF: Cabbage, Spinach
SEED: Rice, Pea
FRUIT: Apple, Banana
5. What are the functions of a leaf?
Prepare food for the plant by photosynthesis through
chlorophyll
Take in carbondioxide and give out oxygen, water vapour
by transpiration through stomata
Store extra food. Eg: spinach, lettuce.

6. What are insectivorous plants?

Some plants attract, capture, kill and digest insects. Such plants
are called insectivorous plants. Eg: Pitcher, Sundew, Venus flytrap
7. Explain how a pitcher plant obtains its food.
The pitcher is brightly coloured and attracts insects.

When an insect enters a pitcher plant, the lid closes, it gets

trapped and digested inside.

8. Explain the flow of energy between living organisms.

Sun provides energy for plants to make their own food
Animals and human beings either directly or indirectly
depend on plants for food
In this manner, the energy of the sun flows to plants and
then to animals and human beings.
9. Plants and animals are interdependent on each other.
Justify this statement with the help of an example.
Animals need oxygen and food which is obtained from
plants.
Animals breathe out carbondioxide, which is used by plants
to make food.
So, plants and animals are interdependent on each other.

10. How can you show that carbondioxide is necessary for

plants to make food?

11. What happens when a green leaf is boiled in alcohol?

The chlorophyll is dissolved in alcohol.

12. What happens when a leaf with green and non-green

portions is tested for starch?
Green portions turn blue-black which shows starch is present.
Non-green portions do not turn blue-black. Hence photosynthesis
occurs only in green plants.
13. What happens when a leaf is covered with Vaseline for
some time, plucked and then tested for starch?
Vaseline blocks stomata due to which carbon dioxide cannot
enter the leaf. This stops the process of photosynthesis. Hence
the leaf does not turn blue-black in starch test.