Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Company Background
Cempaka Construction Sdn. Bhd. was incorporated on the 19th April, 2015 and was
registered in the same year as a wholly owned Bumiputera Company. Its Head Office is located
at No. 2, Jalan Wawasan 8, Kawasan Perindustrian Sri Gading, 83300 Batu Pahat, Johor Darul
Takzim.
Cempaka Construction Sdn. Bhd. is a civil engineering and building contractor backed by a team
of whole Bumiputera professionals with the experience and resources, registered with Lembaga
Pembangunan Industri Pembinaan Malaysia (CIDB) as GRADE G7 contractor and recognized as
a Kontraktor Bumiputera by Pusat Khidmat Kontraktor (PKK) of Kementerian Kerja Raya
Malaysia.
Contractor.
Cempaka Construction Sdn. Bhd. are prepared to undertake and fulfill the construction works
within the time frame stipulated competently to prove that we seriously and actively involved in
activities which contribute toward achieving the company primary mission.
TO
PARTICIPATE
AND
CONTRIBUTE
IN
WHATEVER
WAYS
TO
OUR
1.1.1
Corporate Information
Company Name
Business Address
: 904128-P
Telephone Number
Facsimile Number
: +607-453 6350
: cempakaconstructionsdnbhd@gmail.com
Web/Blog
: www.cempakaconstructionsdnbhd.com.my
Date of Incorporation
: 19 April 2015
: 14131211101918
Registration
1.1.2
Organization Chart
CHAIRMAN
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
TECHNICAL DIRECTOR
1.2
Employer
An employer is a person or institution that hires employees or workers. Employers offer
wages or a salary to the workers in exchange for the worker's work or labor. One speaks of
wages if the employee is paid by the hour and of salary if he is paid a set rate per pay period.
Wages are paid for all hours worked, including overtime, but a salary is typically not paid more
for more hours worked than the minimum.
Employers include everything from individuals to governments and businesses which may hire
many thousands of employees. In most western societies governments are the largest single
employers, but most of the work force is employed in small and medium businesses in the
private sector. One of the important employer's requirements in construction industry was the
employer must provide the safety and health policy for their company.
2.0
POLICY
2.1
Introduction
A safety and health policy is a written document which recognizes that safety and health
2.2
Company Policy
HEALTH
ACT AND
REGULATIONS
FOR
________________________________
______________________________
Chairman
Executive Director
Constructor
When acting as a constructor, Cempaka Construction Sdn. Bhd. must:
Ensure that the Occupational Safety & Health Act, OSHA, and Construction Regulations
are respected, followed and implemented as a minimum standard on every project.
Ensure that all employees and other workers on a project comply with the OSHA and
regulations.
Ensure that the safety & health of all employees on a project is protected.
Provide leadership in the formation and maintenance of S&H representative or Joint
Safety & Health Committee.
Ensure that each prospective contractor for the project receives a list of any designated
substances present at the project.
Employer
Cempaka Construction Sdn. Bhd. workers.
Appoint a competent person as supervisor.
Ensure the OSHA and construction regulations are followed on the project.
Provide equipment, materials and protective devices and that they are well maintained.
Provide information, instruction and supervision to all worker to protect their safety and
health.
Provide any information (medical or otherwise) necessary in the event of an emergency.
Provide accident prevention education courses (ie. WHMIS, First Aid, Propane Safety,
7
Senior Officer
Provide the necessary support and resources to implement, support, and enforce the
safety and health policy and program within the company.
Prepare and review a written corporate occupational safety & health policy.
Review accident reports and communicate with government labour authorities regarding
notices respecting critical injuries, accidents and other events.
Review all project safety inspection reports.
Conduct planned and unplanned project safety inspections of conditions and methods.
Promote the exchange of safety & health information with outside groups and
associations.
Provide support for the Safety & Health Program and any safety related initiative (ie.
health & safety targets/goals).
Respond to project hazards raised on all projects.
Conduct an annual safety review meeting with all staff.
Attend at least 1 safety and health committee meeting at a project each year.
Project Supervisor
Review the project safety & health program with contractors before they start work.
Perform accident investigation and complete accident report when required.
Identify project hazards, advise workers of any danger, outline appropriate safe work
8
Worker
Work in accordance with the Occupational Safety & Health Act (OSHA) and
Construction Regulations.
Participate in project inspections when required.
Never work in a manner that may endanger anyone.
Use or wear the equipment, protective devices or clothing that the Constructor and the
employer require to be used.
Implement project inspection and safety meeting recommendations.
Report hazardous conditions or contraventions of the OSHA and Construction
Regulations to the Safety & Health representative or project supervisor.
Report all accidents, injuries and near misses to the Safety & Health representative or
project supervisor.
Never remove or make ineffective any protective device required by the regulations or by
the Constructor or Employer, without providing temporary protection.
When in doubt about any practice, ask for information from the project supervisor.
Not use or be under the influence of alcohol, or drugs while on a project.
Attend training programs as required by the Cempaka Construction Sdn. Bhd.
Contractor
Guidelines
Under the OSHA, the constructor and/or employer have the greatest involvement and exercise
the greatest control and direction over a construction project and all persons working on it.
Therefore, as constructor/employer, Cempaka Construction Sdn. Bhd. must ensure compliance
with all prescribed safety requirements. It is also the constructor/employers obligation to take
10
12
13
Discipline Policy
Progressive, corrective discipline must be applied to ensure the OSHA, construction regulations
and relevant manufacturers instructions are followed. It is essential that discipline be applied
consistently to all people. Written safety violation notices are to be distributed to the offender,
their employer and copies are to be kept on the project.
Discipline is necessary to ensure every reasonable precaution is taken to protect the safety of all
project personnel and is not intended as punishment. Its purpose is to ensure effective job
performance through enhanced behavior or practices. Discipline also illustrates the seriousness
with which the employer views departure from accepted safe practices and behaviors. The
employer will point out incidents of misconduct to workers when they occur as well as the
behavior that is required. The employer views the discipline situation as essentially a problem for
the worker to resolve; failure to do so will place employment at risk. The employer will prompt
the worker to adopt the required behavior and will acknowledge progress.
Where the potential consequences of the violation are severe, management and the project
supervisory personnel reserve the right to by-pass the normal progressive disciplinary response
to enforce immediate removal of the offender. The following are violations that should be met
with documented steps of corrective discipline. This list is not all-inclusive, but is in addition to
violations to the Act, regulations and company/client policies:
15
employees, where possible, to their regular job as soon as possible. The program will focus on
the employees new level of capabilities and will provide for a fair, consistent, and gradual return
17
Supervisor
Show respect and recognition for the workers new level of capabilities.
Remain positive throughout the program and provide encouragement to the worker.
Communicate information to the returning employees co-workers concerning job
related activities.
Provide meaningful, productive work within the new level of capabilities.
Maintain contact with the returning worker.
Maintain confidentiality.
Co-Workers
Assist with duties beyond the capabilities of the worker.
Show respect and recognition for the workers new level of capability.
Remain positive and provide encouragement throughout the program.
Worker
Notify Cempaka Construction Sdn. Bhd., of an injury or illness as soon as possible.
Maintain contact with Cempaka Construction Sdn. Bhd. and provide updated medical
capabilities.
Take an active role in the Return to Work Program and work according to new level of
capabilities.
Supply all medical information related to Return to Work.
Remain positive throughout the program and cooperate to the best of their ability.
Maintain confidentiality.
Return to Work Procedures
When an injury occurs:
1. Follow established First Aid Procedures if required.
2. A senior supervisor accompanies the injured employee to the treating medical
agency.
19
23
27
Hazard/Incident Reporting
Guidelines
The strength of any safety program relies on the involvement of all workers on a project to
identify hazardous conditions to their direct supervisors. It is up to the supervisors to take
reasonable measures to correct or eliminate the problems. In all cases, there must be a combined
effort to recognize, assess and control hazards before an injury occurs.
Cempaka Construction Sdn. Bhd. and S&H project inspection report, S&H meetings, incident
reporting and incident investigations and hazard reports as the methods of identifying project
hazards, assessing their severity and controlling them to reduce the risk of injury. When hazards
are reported to project supervisors, through hazard reporting and follow-up can lead to a
reduction in accidents.
Roles & Responsibilities
Employer
Provide support to project staff for comprehensive hazard report review.
Maintain records of all injuries, accidents, and hazards for each project.
Compile records of project safety performance.
Review hazard reports and make recommendations for improvement.
Train employees about hazard reporting procedures and hazard resolution
Supervisor
Review all hazard reports.
Take corrective action to reduce risks of injury from hazards identified in hazard reports.
Inform all workers via progress reports to S&H committees of identified health and
safety issues.
Discipline workers who knowingly disregard safety rules to expose themselves or others
to hazards.
Submit all records of orientation, training, safety meetings and hazard reports to
management, with a copy available on the project.
28
Worker
Report any potential hazardous chemical to a direct supervisor and to the project
supervisor.
Report any symptom of hazardous chemical exposure immediately to the project
supervisor.
Be informed of all hazards and potential hazards.
Report any damage or defect to any equipment or process that may contribute to a
hazardous chemical release.
35
E - Emergency Planning
Emergency Response Plan
Emergency Response Procedures
Emergency response procedures will vary depending on many factors including the severity of
the incident and the type of construction project. Several elements will remain constant
however:
All incidents are to be treated seriously and investigated thoroughly.
Priority in the case of an accident goes to:
Saving a life.
Saving a limb.
Maintaining an essential service or utility.
Making the injured comfortable.
Preventing damage to equipment or property (without risk of injury).
All emergencies must be treated with caution as circumstances can arise that put those who are
unprepared, ill equipped and not sufficiently trained into situations of extreme danger.
36
When responding to the following incidents, all project personnel must be informed of the
procedures to be followed.
Emergency Communication System
The project supervisor must ensure that an effective communications system is in place with
strategically placed equipment and properly defined responsibilities to relay information quickly.
It is recommended to have a backup system in place, in case the system is rendered useless by
the emergency.
The type and location of emergency communication systems must be posted on the project. This
will include location of telephones or 2-way radios, a list of personnel included in the emergency
communication system, and any other equipment available.
First Aid/Major Accident Response
The project supervisor and a certified first aid/CPR provider are notified of the accident. Care is
arranged for the injured employee based on the evaluation of the severity of the injury. If EMS
is notified, the emergency access route is attended and emergency care is provided until support
arrives. Senior management and the Ministry of Labour (if applicable) are informed of the
accident. A company representative is sent to the hospital to determine the injured workers
condition. The accident scene is secured and an accident investigation is launched including
interviewing witnesses and completing reports (see Accident Investigation Procedures).
Loss of Power
In the event of power loss, all employees on project must turn off all equipment. This is due
to the hazardous circumstances that may result from equipment that is unattended when
power is restored. If the power failure involves loss of lighting and no emergency lighting is
present, the employees must leave any building as a precaution. All workers should present
themselves for a head count at the main project entrance. The utility supplier must be
contacted to determine the duration of the power loss.
Fire Response
37
Cloth
Oils
Gasoline
Wood
Rubber
Oil Paints
Propane
Paper
Plastics
Acetylene
Class C
ELECTRICAL
Motors
Switchgear
Electrical
Panels
Electrical
Wiring
Solvents
Hazardous Spills
In the event of a hazardous spill, the following actions should be taken:
Evacuate area of spill and surrounding area.
Notify project supervisor of spill type and area.
Provide chemical information for Emergency Spills Response Team.
Severe Weather
38
Accident Investigation
Guidelines
Investigating incidents and accidents is a critical process that provides insight into the
contributing factors and allows decisive action to reduce future risks. All incidents that result in
injury or property damage or that could have resulted in serious injury or property damage (near
miss) must be reported to the Ministry of Labour and thoroughly investigated. These include:
Fatalities.
Critical injuries, defined as an injury of a serious nature that:
Places life in jeopardy.
Produces unconsciousness.
Results in substantial loss of blood
Results in substantial loss of blood.
Involves the fracture of a leg or arm.
Involves the amputation of a leg, arm, hand or foot.
Consists of burns to a major portion of the body.
Causes the loss of sight in an eye.
Fire, explosion or hazardous material release.
Lost time injuries or accident requiring medical treatment.
Occupational illnesses.
Any worker who has had their fall arrested.
Roles and Responsibilities
40
43
Ensure a worker (trained in First Aid/CPR) observes any worker in the confined
space (known as the attendant).
Discontinue work if any unusual health effect is felt; e.g., headaches, dizziness, irritation
or other ill effect or when unusual operating conditions occur.
Attendant
Housekeeping
Guidelines
Proper housekeeping procedures are essential to an effective Safety & Health Program. A
successful S&H program is proven to reduce or prevent accidents, injuries and illnesses and
ultimately, save lives. Consistent with company policy, Cempaka Construction Sdn. Bhd. will
not tolerate an untidy project. It is the responsibility of subcontractors to clean their area of work
daily, or as often as necessary to maintain a clean standard. When subcontractors waste and
debris create a hazard and are not cleaned up in a reasonable time, it will be cleaned up by
Cempaka Construction Sdn. Bhd. at the expense of the subcontractor. No warnings need to be
given before such action.
A project that does not emphasize good housekeeping practices is susceptible to workplace
injuries. The following procedures and practices must be undertaken at every Cempaka
Construction Sdn. Bhd. project.
Housekeeping Responsibilities
Project Supervisor
Arrange for work areas to be cleaned up at least daily, and for debris to be removed to
project containers.
47
Worker
Perform daily clean up of work area.
Store materials safely and in an organized fashion.
Dispose of debris in refuse containers provided.
Bring housekeeping related hazards to the attention of the S&H representative, project
supervisor and other workers on the project.
Housekeeping Procedures
General
Daily cleanup of all work areas, disposal of debris provided by Cempaka Construction
Sdn. Bhd.
Visually inspect work areas at the beginning and end of each shift.
Regular remove of debris, material and garbage from project garbage bins.
Stacked/piled material must be well clear of walkways and exits.
All walkways, stairways, passageways and gangways must be clear of materials, tools,
48
Storage
Flammable Materials
Use copper grounding straps to reduce static electricity build up.
Ensure electric fixtures and switches are explosion-proof where flammable materials are
stored.
Hazardous Chemicals
Refer to Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for specific safety and storage information
on each controlled substance.
Follow manufacturers recommendations for storage.
Comply with all restrictions concerning environmental factors and minimum distance
requirements.
Post legible warning signs where required.
Provide suitable equipment for prompt spills response where required.
Store empty containers in a secure location, apart from full containers.
49
Project Supervisor
Ensure the protective equipment is used properly whenever necessary by all workers on a
project.
Ensure protective equipment is provided for use by workers whenever necessary.
Familiarize project personnel with all hazards to which they may not be aware.
Review protective equipment compliance problems and requirements in safety meetings
with all workers.
Worker
Participate in protective equipment training when applicable (ie. respirators, hearing).
Bring all hazards to the attention of the S&H representative, project supervisor and other
workers on the project.
Remove or make ineffective any protective device required by the regulations or by his
employer.
Be informed of all hazards and potential hazards on a project.
Radiation Controls
Guidelines
There are two main sources of workplace exposure to radiation for workers in construction:
ionizing (microwave and radio-frequency) and non-ionizing (ultraviolet). Ultraviolet (UV)
radiation is a form of ionizing electromagnetic radiation, like radio waves, x-rays and light.
Sources of UV radiation in construction that can become excessive include various kinds of
welding arcs and exposure the sun. Although exposure to small amounts of UV radiation can
have beneficial effects, overexposure can cause serious health effects: Sunburn, Skin Cancer,
Photo aging (premature aging of the skin), and Senile Cataracts (a clouding of the lens of the
eye). Radio-frequency radiation is a form of non-ionizing radiation produced by devices such as
radio and TV transmitters, induction heaters, and dielectric heaters. Microwave radiation is
produced by microwave ovens, parabolic (dish) antennas, and radar devices. Health hazards
result from heating of body tissues as the body absorbs energy. Prolonged exposure to strong
51
Radiation procedures
Recognize
Assess
Control
53
PROJECT ________________________________________
VEHICLE
(TYPE, MAKE, MODEL) __________________________
______________
OK (Yes / No)
54
DATE ___________
SERIAL NO
COMMENTS
CHECKED BY _____________________________________
IF ANYTHING IS WRONG AS NOTED ON THE ABOVE CHECKLIST, THE
VEHICLE MUST NOT BE USED, AND IT MUST BE REPAIRED/REPLACED AS
SOON AS POSSIBLE.
PROJECT ________________________________________
TOOL EQUIPMENT
(MAKE & MODEL) __________________________
______________
SERIAL NO
OK (Yes / No)
55
DATE ___________
COMMENTS
CHECKED BY _____________________________________
IF ANYTHING IS WRONG AS NOTED ON THE ABOVE CHECKLIST, THE TOOL
OR EQUIPMENT
MUST NOT BE USED, AND IT MUST BE
REPAIRED/REPLACED AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.
Workplace Lighting
Guidelines
Lighting levels should suit the type of work being performed. Every worker should have a clear
and unobstructed view of his or her work area. No one should be forced to bend and peer to
compensate for poor lighting. Poor lighting has been a contributing factor in many workplace
injuries and is one of the easiest hazards to correct.
Adequate lighting should be available for all workers in temporary and permanent work
situations alike. Lighting must be adequately guarded to reduce the risk of exposure to
uncontrolled energy hazards (ie. cages protecting bare light bulbs from damage).
56
Forklift Procedures
Guidelines
Contributing factors include the prevalence of forklifts and environmental conditions, but
primarily causes relate to training, testing and certification of operators and the absence forklift
safety programs. All contractors operating forklifts on construction projects are expected to
adhere to the general duties of the OHSA and construction regulations relating to equipment as
well as the MOL guideline.
Roles & Responsibilities
57
Ladder Safety
Guidelines
Falls from ladders occur throughout construction and pose one of the most serious safety
problems in construction. Most often, ladder accidents happen because:
Ladders are not secured.
Slipping due to poor footing on rungs.
Failing to grip ladder adequately when ascending/descending.
Taking unsafe positions (ie. leaning out too far).
Placing ladders on poor footing or at improper angles.
Ladders are defective.
High winds topple ladders.
Careless handing near electrical lines.
Ladder stabilizers are not used.
Ladders are used when workers should use more suitable access equipment.
In order to reduce the risk of ladder accidents, this policy includes information on the types of
ladders to be used, the methods for use, and requirements for inspection and maintenance.
59
Electrical Safety
Electricity presents the most common energy hazard to construction projects. Electrocution
continues to be a significant contributor to the total number of construction related deaths each
year. On average, one out of every five construction deaths is caused by electrocution. In most
cases, this occurs because of a failure to identify hazardous or potentially hazardous situations
involving an uncontrolled electrical energy source.
On construction projects, electrical hazards can come from:
60
Lock Out/Tag Out and Operations near Powerline procedures are designed to provide a method
of controlling energy hazards through a set of safe work practices and rules. These work
practices and rules must be applied to every project and every circumstance where workers can
come into contact with uncontrolled energy sources.
62
3.0
many parts of the world, as measured by work-related mortality, workers compensation, injury
and fatality rates. From commercial to small-scale residential, construction sites can be
dangerous places. No matter how safe you think your construction site is, accidents are
inevitable.
In construction industries there a lot types of accidents happened and all those accidents
are always things to happen with workers on construction site. Plus, it got causes why the
accidents can actually happened.
63
Types of accidents
3.1.1
3.1.2
3.1.3
3.1.4
3.1.5
3.1.6
3.1.7
3.1.8
3.1.9
3.1.10
3.3
Causes of Accidents
Type of
Accidents
Falling from
height
Falling at same
level
Hit by falling
object
Buried under
falling earth/
structure
Causes of Accidents
-No fencing of hazardous work area
- Lack of workplace / equipment maintenance
-No prior inspection of workplace / equipment
-Installation of equipment by incompetent persons
-No provison of safety harness
-Faulty design of structure / stairs
-Use of damaged stairs /scaffold
-Use of unsuitable stairs / scaffold
-Improper position of stairs / scaffold
-Poor house keeping
-Lack of proper housekeeping programme
-No designated area for storage of equipments
-Poor housekeeping
-No toe-board on work platform
-No overhead protection
-No installation of safety net
-Improper lifting techniques
-No installation of earth support
-No guidelines and safe work procedures
-Overloading
-Faulty design of structure
-Use of unsuitable/ damaged scaffolding
-Position of scaffold in unsuitable
-Position of scaffold is unsuitable
-No proper maintenance of work area/ scaffold
64
Electric shock
Drowning
Hit by Vehicle
3.3
Inhalation of
toxic Chemicals
Contact with
moving
machinery
-No guards
-Use of damaged / faulty guards
-Lack of training for workers
-Unsuitable design of guards
-Guards placed in effective positions
every five workplace deaths is a construction worker. Construction, however, can be a safe
occupation. Workers must be aware of the hazards, and use an effective safety and health
program. Here are some more specific ways construction employers and employees can take
action in order to solve the accident problem at a construction site.
3.1.11 Provide safety training for all employees.
65
Figure 1:
Safety training by employer to his workers
3.1.12 Hold frequent crew safety meetings.
At some workplaces these meetings should be held daily, for example, if
high-risk work is being done. Employees should be reminded to stay focused and
relevant issues should be addressed. Real-life factual and job specific safety
information tends to be more motivating for workers. Employers with good safety
records typically hold mandatory safety meetings at the start of each day to ensure
safety is top-of-mind. These meetings provide a good opportunity to update
workers on what will be happening that day and if any new equipment or
machinery will be in use. Holding a safety meeting at the start of each day will
ensure all workers are on the same page. In the safety meeting, employer can
66
67
Prevent falls.
Falls are the leading cause of fatalities in the construction industry. It is
important that workers are protected from falls on the job. The installation of fall
protection systems can protect construction workers. These systems should
consist of such items as guardrails, toe boards, screens, canopy structures or
nets. Scaffolding can prevent falls, but must be installed properly to make sure it
is constructed well enough to hold the intended weight load. After it is put up,
scaffolding must be inspected regularly.
3.3.7
hazards. A risk assessment can protect workers health and safety. After
completing the risk assessment, a list of preventive measures should be made and
implemented. It is important to ensure that all workers receive appropriate
information, education, and training.
3.3.8
designed, the manufacturers built in safety features can no longer be relied on.
Misusing equipment may also damage the equipment and cause employee
injuries. The equipment itself should meet OSHA standards.
3.3.10 Follow OSHA guidelines and report any dangerous working conditions.
Employers and employees who cut corners on the procedures and rules of
OSHA increase the risks for construction site injuries. Any incidents or violations
of OSHA regulations should be recorded and reported for the safety of all
involved.
3.3.11 Regular Breaks
Make sure all workers take regular breaks to reduce the chances of
accidents due to exhaustion. A good employer is someone that can tolerate with
their employee in terms of giving a break to them because most of the work
activities in construction work need a lot of energy and stamina such as brick
work activities. Hence, the employee need a break to prevent from affects their
safety and health at a workplace.
3.3.12 Reflective apparel
High-visibility clothing and vests reduce the chances of construction
vehicles or those of the public striking workers.
69
71
4.0 CONCLUSION
To conclude, whatever sort of construction company you are, there is always the
possibility of an accident or damage to someone's health. All work exposes people to
hazards, be they: loads which have to be manually handled; dangerous machinery; toxic
substances; electricity; working with display screen equipment or even psychological
hazards such as stress. In order to make a good practice of safety and health, a company
72
5.0
REFFERENCE
By Books
AW201 Occupational Safety and Healths Module Kota Kinabalu Politechnic, Sabah.
BFC43502 Occupational Safety and Healths Slide Notes Tun Hussein Onn University.
By Links
73
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj6iZqc2o
zQAhVDSSYKHYW8BusQFghJMAY&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.michigan.gov
%2Fdocuments%2Fdleg
%2Fdeleg_wsh_cetsp01_326406_7.doc&usg=AFQjCNERXcJT2TSlqYXHgLGKIALyi
G8FlA&bvm=bv.137132246,d.eWE
74