Solution:

Determination of the cross sectional profile of concrete gravity dam for the following data and
plot the profile by the single step method of design.
(maximum water depth to be retained)= 45m
Tail water depth, h=0
Top (or crest) width, L=4m
Unit weight of concrete,=25KN/m3
Unit weight of water,

w=10KN/m3

Uplift intensity factor,=1.0

Allowable coefficient of friction within concrete and between concrete and foundation,
(f=0.65)
Ultimate shear resistance of dam and foundation, Sa=4MPa
Minimum permissible shear friction safety factor ,S.F.F=5
Wind velocity over water,
Fetch
Maximum allowable inclined stress in dam or foundation,=3MPa

Step one: Let to derive the base width of base of the elementary profile
B=

= 36.9m ==37m

Now it is possible to calculate the base width of the triangular profile

b=37-4 =33m
Lets consider the downstream inclination (d)

Using this value we can calculate the height of the triangular profile:

Before checking whether this dam is stable or not first lets determine the free
board of the dam as follow
Computing the significant wave height:Hs = significant wave height for this we use the equation :-

Hs = 0.0032

+0.76-0.24

= 0.0032

+0.76-0.24

= 1.95m

Wave rise above still water level (Freeboard),

then

Take the free board 3.0 m

Therefore, height of the dam

4.80

Fig 1: the cross section of the dam

Step 2: Now lets check the stability of the dam for empty reservoir condition
Computation of forces:Item

W1
W2

Description and
dimension

Force KN
Vertical force

Weight of dam
4*48*25
0.5*33*40.2*25
Sum

4800
16582.5
21382.5

Horizontal
force

Moment arm
from toe

Moment
about the toe

35
22

168000
364815
532815

Step 3: Cheek whether the resultant is in the middle third (kern) i.e.

(The negative sign indicates the resultant

passes towards the heel)

The resultant force was outside of the middle third at empty reservoir condition. Hence it needs
to provide an upstream batter.
Step 4: With the upstream slope provided, take moment of the upstream middle third point, for
the now base width.
Dam with upstream flare (batter)

Figure: free body diagram force analysis for the providing upstream batter
By Applying Moment Area Method, lets calculate the centroid of the crest mass ( )
Total area (

AeF)* BE = 4(3) (2) + 1/2*4.9*4(2.67)

(12 + 9.8)BE = 24 + 26.17

BE = 2.3 m
From triangle similarity theorem ACD

ABE

Y= 45- 8.4=36.6m

Now consider the dam for empty reservoir condition

For reservoir empty condition (Taking summation of moment about the new upstream
middle third

item

Description and dimension

Force in KN

Lever arm
from point
Horiz
m
ontal
force

Moment about point m

Vertical
force

Antic lock wise

(+ve)

Clockwise
(-ve)

self weight
W1

0.5*25*Bf*36.6

457.5Bf

12.33 - Bf

5640.98Bf-305

W2

4*48*25

4800

10.33

49584

W3

0.5*25*40.2*33

16582.5

2/3*33(12.33-4)

226682.8

=5640.98BF-305BF2+49584-226682.8
Using quadratic equation we can solve the values of
?????
Take the positive value of

Check the stability of the dam for this section about the heel for reservoir empty
condition.

Table1: Stability analysis for empty reservoir including upstream batter

item Description and
dimension

W1
W2
W3

self weight
0.5*25*Bf*36.6
4*48*25
0.5*25*40.2*33

Force in KN
Vertical
Horizont
force
al force

Lever arm
Moment about point m
from the toe Antic lock wise
Clockwise
(+ve)
(-ve)

3202.5
4800
16582.5

39.33
35
24.67

125954.33
168000
409090.28

=703044.61

Therefore the resultant force lies in the middle third.

Now lets check the stability of the dam for reservoir empty condition
A. Stability against overturning
Not necessary since it is stable in empty condition!
B. overstress

C. Vertical stress

D. Horizontal Normal Stress

Upstream:.36(

) =38.32

Downstream:
= 55.8
=37.6
E. Shear stress

= -45.76 KN/m2, .........Safe

F. Principal Stress
Upstream

= 1099.96

-------------------------safe

Down stream

92.4048

--- -----------------------safe

 for full reservoirs condition

Figure: Free body diagram for full reservoirs condition

The detail force analysis in the below table
Table: Force analysis for full reservoir condition
Item

W1
W2
W3

Ph

Description and
dimension
I/self weight
0.5*7*36.6*25
0.5*25*37*45
25*3.6*3+(0.5*3.6*4.2
5*25)
Sum
II/water pressure
0.5*10*(45)2

Force KN
Vertical
force

Lever arm
Horizont From the
al force toe

3202.5
4800
16582.5

39.33
35
24.67

24585

Moment about from the toe

Anticlockwise Clockwise
(+ve)
(-ve)
125954.33
168000
409090.28
703044.61

10125

15

151875

Pv1
Pv2

7*8.4*10
.5*10*7*36.6
lll. Wave Pressure
Pwave 2*10*
lV.uplift pressure
Pv
10*44*.5*45

588
1281

40.5
41.67
76.13

-(9900)
16544

Including uplift pressure,

23814
53379.27

48

3654.24

29.33

290400

=16544KN

445929.24(Including Up lift)
334308.4
Excluding uplift pressure,
Check the resultant force in kern

Check the stability

I)

stability against overturning

II)

Stability against sliding

Sliding factor ,
Shear friction factor

where S - shear resistance ,

III) stability against stressing (here All computation of stress is Excluding Uplift)

Vertical normal stress ,z

-------safe

Shear stress
Upstream face

=
Downstream face,

Horizontal normal stress , y

Upstream face

Downstream face,

Principal Stresses
Up stream
-450(0.0361)
=

503.89

-------------safe

Downstream
--here P= 0 (no tail water)
=1159.913

-----------------safe

Figure: Final profile of the dam

Remark: Silt load, tail water and earthquake acceleration are neglected