Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Damage Analysis
with Lubrication
Reference Guide
Featuring:
Ball
Cylindrical
Needle
Spherical
Tapered
Introduction
Timken stands behind its products
and the customers it serves.
Whether training a team of
maintenance personnel on proper
bearing installation in the Powder
River Basin area of Wyoming or
providing application engineering
assistance from our technology
center in Bangalore, India,Timken
friction management knowledge
and expertise spans the globe,
supporting major industries.
More than 100 years of
expertise in material science and
tribology along with our long
history of being a quality steel
manufacturer makes Timken
uniquely qualified in bearing
damage analysis. Our sales and
service teams are trained to both
assess bearing damage issues
on site, as well as work with
customers to offer preventive
maintenance techniques to
improve performance.
The purpose of this reference
guide is to help maintenance and
operations personnel identify
some of the more common types
of bearing damage, explain
possible causes and discuss corrective actions. In many cases, the
bearing damage may be due to a
combination of causes.This guide
also contains useful bearing references and lubrication guidelines.
For more information on
bearing damage analysis, contact
your Timken sales or service
engineer, or visit www.timken.com.
Table of
Contents
Page
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Types of Bearings and Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Tapered Roller Bearing Speed Capability Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Conversion Equivalents for U.S. and Metric Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Conversion Chart Showing Millimetre, Fractional and Decimal Inch Sizes . . . . . 32
Temperature Conversion Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Friction Management Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3
6. Disassemble equipment
(either partially or completely).
Record an assessment of the
mounted bearing condition.
Abrasive Wear
Fine foreign material in the bearing
can cause excessive abrasive wear.
Sand, fine metal from grinding or
machining, and fine metal or carbides from gears will wear or lap
the rolling elements and races. In
tapered bearings, the roller ends
and cone rib will wear to a greater
degree than the races.This wear
will result in increased end play
or internal clearance which can
reduce fatigue life and result in
misalignment in the bearing.
Abrasive wear can also affect other
parts of the machine in which
the bearings are used.The foreign
particles may get in through badly
worn or defective seals. Improper
initial cleaning of housings and parts,
ineffective filtration or improper
filter maintenance can allow
abrasive particles to accumulate.
Grooving
Grooving is caused by extremely heavy wear from chips or metal
particles.These contaminants become wedged in the soft cage material
and cause cut grooves in the rolling elements. This condition results in
improper rolling contact geometry and can reduce service life.
Fig. 6: Large particle contamination
imbedded into the soft cage material can
result in grooving, as shown here.
Debris Contamination
Common causes of external debris contamination include dirt, sand and environmental particles. Common
causes of internal debris contamination include wear from gears, splines, seals, clutches, brakes, joints,
housings not properly cleaned, and failed or spalled components.These hard particles travel within the
lubrication, through the bearing, and eventually bruise (dent) the internal surfaces.The dents form
shoulders that act as surface-stress risers, causing premature surface damage and reduced bearing life.
Fig. 11
Etching Corrosion
Etching Corrosion
Etching or corrosion is one of the most serious problems encountered in anti-friction bearings.The high degree
of finish on races and rolling elements makes them susceptible to corrosion damage from moisture and water.
Etching is most often caused by condensate collecting in the bearing housing due to temperature changes.
The moisture or water oftentimes gets in through damaged, worn or inadequate seals. Improper washing and
drying of bearings when they are removed for inspection can also cause considerable damage. After cleaning
and drying or whenever bearings are put into storage, they should be coated with oil or another preservative
and wrapped in a protective paper. Bearings, new or used, should always be stored in a dry area and kept in
original packaging to reduce risk of static corrosion appearing before mounting.
Inadequate Lubrication
Inadequate Lubrication
Fatigue Spalling
Fatigue Spalling
Spalling is simply defined as the
pitting or flaking away of bearing
material. Spalling primarily occurs
on the races and the rolling elements. It is important to realize
that there are many types of
primary bearing damage shown
throughout this reference guide,
and they will eventually deteriorate
into a secondary damage mode of
spalling.Timken classifies three
distinct spalling damage modes:
Geometric Stress
Excessive Preload or
Overload
Excessive preload can generate a
large amount of heat and cause
damage similar in appearance to
inadequate lubrication damage.
Often the two causes may be
confused, so a very thorough
check is required to determine
the root problem.A lubricant that
is suitable for normal operation
may be unsuitable for a heavily
preloaded bearing, as it may not
have the film strength to carry
the very high loads.The breakdown of lubricant caused in high
preloads can cause the same type
of damage as shown in the
previous description of inadequate
lubrication damage discussed on
page 8.
Another type of damage can
result from heavy preloads, even
if a lubricant, such as an extreme
pressure type of oil that can
carry heavy loads, is used.
Although the lubricant can take
care of the loads so that no
rolling element or race scoring
takes place, the heavy loads may
cause premature sub-surface
fatigue spalling.The initiation of
this spalling and subsequently
the life of the bearing would
depend upon the amount of
preload and the capacity of the
bearing.
11
12
Fig. 40: This spherical roller bearing inner race depicts a fractured toe flange caused by
the use of improper installation tools.
Fig. 42: A hardened driver caused a broken rib on this needle roller bearing.
Fig. 44: Inaccurate housing machining caused metal pick-up and galling on this needle
roller bearing.
Fig. 45: Tapered roller spaced nicking was caused by the roller edges hitting the race
during assembly. These nicks/dents have raised edges that can lead to excessive noise,
vibration or act as points of stress concentration.
13
Fig. 46: This cage deformation was caused by an improperly installed or dropped bearing.
Fig. 47: Binding and skewing of these tapered rollers was due to the compression of the
cage ring during installation or interference during service.
Fig. 48: Rough handling during maintenance caused a bent bridge on this cylindrical
roller bearing cage.
14
15
Fig. 55: A loose cup fit in a rotating wheel hub (typically tight) caused this bearing race
damage.
Fig. 57: This ball bearing inner ring fracture is a result of being installed on top of a metal
contaminant or raised metal nick.
Fig. 58: An out-of-round or oversized shaft caused this fracture on a tapered roller
bearing cone.
16
False Brinelling
False Brinelling
False brinelling is, as the name implies, not true brinelling or denting. False brinelling is actually fretting
wear. It is caused by slight axial movement of the rolling elements while the bearing is stationary. A groove
is worn into the race by the sliding of the rolling element back and forth across the race.Vibration causes
the sliding movement.
There are times when this cannot be prevented, such as when automobiles or other types of equipment
are shipped by rail or truck for relatively long distances. It can also occur during shipment by ocean freight.
The vibration present may cause enough movement to produce some of this false brinelling. It can be
greatly reduced or eliminated by reducing the potential for relative movement and decreasing the static
weigh present during shipment or storage.
Rolling element bearings also exhibit false brinnelling when used in positions that encounter very small
reversing angular oscillation (less than one complete rotation of the rolling element).
False brinelling can be distinguished from true brinelling by examining the depression or wear area. False
brinelling will actually wear away the surface texture whereas the original surface texture will remain in the
depression of a true brinell.
Fig. 65: False brinelling under extreme vibration caused deep roller spaced wear on the inner raceway of this needle bearing.
Fig. 66: Wear caused by vibration or relative axial movement between the rollers and
races is depicted here in this tapered roller bearing outer ring.
18
Fig. 67: Electric arc pitting or small burns, magnified 10X here, were created by arcs from
improper electric grounding while the bearing was stationary.
Fig. 69: Magnified by a factor of 10, this fluting, defined as a series of small axial burns,
was caused by an electric current passing through the bearing while it was rotating.
19
Cam FractureWide Inner Ring Ball Bearings/Roll Out (Sub CaseYielding,Case Crushing)
Cam Fracture Wide Inner Ring Ball Bearings
An undersized shaft or an outer ring that cannot be aligned due to the
housing may cause a broken cam, a misaligned travel path or bearing
wobble.
This type of bearing damage may be prevented by using the correct
size shaft and by using the Timken Fafnir self-aligning feature, a
spherical outer ring to compensate for initial misalignment and correctly
mount bearings.The proper mounting procedure is to:
Align the bearing in its housing and slide unit into position on the
shaft;
Bolt the housing tightly to its mounting support;
Engage and tighten locking collar and setscrew.
Fig. 70A: Shaft below suggested tolerance
levels.
Fig. 71: High loads and extreme misalignment caused roll out of this needle roller
bearing outer ring.
20
C
15
A
Stamped end
ofStamped
bearing
end
of
Generous bearing
Generous
chamfer
chamfer
or rounding
or rounding
for
for easy
easybearing
bearing
installation
installation
Ball detent
D
E
Fig. 75: An
installation tool
with 15 degree
backangle,
for drawn cup
bearing
installation is
shown here.
Fig. 75 Key:
A = 1/64 in. (0.4 mm) less than housing bore
B = .003 in. (0.08 mm) less than shaft diameter
C = distance bearing will be inset into housing;
minimum of .008 in. (0.2 mm)
D = pilot length should be length of bearing
less 1/32 in. (0.8 mm)
E = Approximately one half of D
Rated Life
L10
20
15
10
10
11
12
13
14
22
Faulty mounting
Improper adjustment
Insufficient lubrication
Contamination
Poor or inconsistent
maintenance practices
High clearance
Light preload
Heavy preload
L10 life
Zero clearance
PRELOAD
CLEARANCE
Bearing Operating Setting
23
Overfilling
Overfilling a bearing with too much grease or oil can cause excess churning during operation and high
temperatures, resulting in overheating and excess grease purging* (leaking). Overheating occurs because
the heat generated cannot dissipate correctly, continually building until damage occurs. As the operating
temperature of the bearing rises, the oxidation (breakdown) rate of the grease sharply increases doubling
every 18 F degrees (10 C degrees).
*NOTE: During initial start-up, it is common for a properly lubricated bearing to purge a small amount of grease. A slight grease purge is often recommended
by original equipment manufacturers, as it acts as a barrier seal to help keep out external debris contamination (Figure 80). Always follow original equipment manufacturers recommendations regarding grease purging and correct replenishment amounts.
An overfilled bearing may also purge grease during initial start-up. However, over time and as temperature rises, excess grease will continue to purge
from an overfilled bearing and have a darkened color (Figure 79).
Underfilling
Underfilling a bearing with grease can also have adverse consequences.
As in overfilling, heat can be generated but for different reasons. When
the grease amount is low, a grease starvation condition may be created,
causing heat generation or excessive metal wear during operation. If a
bearing suddenly becomes noisy and/or the temperature increases,
excessive wear may be taking place.
24
Incorrect Grease
The base oil in a particular grease may have a different thickness (viscosity) than what is recommended for
your application. If the base oil viscosity is too heavy, the rolling elements may have difficulty in pushing
through the grease and begin to skid (Figure 82). If this occurs, excessive grease oxidation (breakdown)
(Figure 83) may cause premature grease degeneration and excessive wear of bearing components. If the
viscosity is too light, peeling (micro-spalling) and wear (Figure 84) may result due to thin lubricant film from
elevated temperatures. In addition, the additives contained in a particular grease may be inappropriate or
even incompatible with surrounding components in your system.
Mixing Greases
A bearing may be running well with the correct grease. However,
while performing routine maintenance, a technician may decide to
lubricate the bearing with a different type of grease. If the greases are
not compatible, or are an incorrect consistency, the grease mixture
will do one of two things: 1) soften and leak out of the bearing due to
grease thickener incompatibility, or 2) become lumpy, discolored and
hard in composition (Figure 85).
Worn-Out Grease
Grease is a precise combination
of additives, oil and thickener
(Figure 86). Grease acts like a
sponge to retain and release
the oil. As a result of time and
temperature conditions, the oil
release properties can become
depleted. When this occurs, the
grease is worn-out (Figure 87).
C
Fig. 85: Grease A and Grease B are not
compatible. When mixed together they
become lumpy, discolored and hard in
composition (Grease C).
25
Water Contamination
Figure 89 shows the effect of water on grease by comparing fresh grease to a grease emulsified with 30 percent
water. The fresh grease is smooth and buttery compared to the water laden grease, which is milky white in
appearance. As little as one percent water in grease can have a significant impact on bearing life.
Fresh grease
Grease with
30 percent water
Fig. 90
A tapered roller bearing (Fig. 90) and a
ball bearing outer race and balls (Fig. 91)
are rusting with pitting and corrosion
from moisture/water exposure. This condition is referred to as etching.
26
Fig. 91
Lubrication Guidelines
Lubrication Guidelines Required Grease Quantity
Where:
Polyurea S S
Polyurea
Li Complex
Li 12 Hydroxy
Li Stearate
Clay Non-Soap
Ca Sulfonate
Ca Complex
= Incompatible
Ca 12 Hydroxy
= Borderline
Ca Stearate
= Compatible
Al Complex
= Best Choice
Ba Complex
Aluminum Complex
Timken Food Safe
Barium Complex
Calcium Stearate
Calcium 12 Hydroxy
Calcium Complex
Calcium Sulfonate
Timken Premium Mill
Timken Heavy Duty Moly
Clay Non-Soap
Lithium Stearate
Lithium 12 Hydroxy
Lithium Complex
Polyurea Conventional
Polyurea Shear Stable
Timken Multi-Use
Timken All Purpose
Timken Premium Synthetic
Timken High Speed
Timken Pillow Block
27
Glossary
Abrasive Wear
Fatigue
Fillet Radius
Adhesive Wear
Axial Load
Load acting in direction parallel
with bearing axis.Also known as
thrust.
Brinelling
A dent or depression in the
bearing raceway due to extremely
high impact or static loads.
Brinelling False
Wear grooves in the raceway
caused by minute movement or
vibration of the rolling elements
while the bearing is stationary.
Bruising
The denting or plastic indentation
in the raceways and rolling elements
due to the contamination of foreign
particles in the bearing.
Etching Corrosion
Usually caused by moisture or
water contamination and can vary
from light staining to deep pitting.
28
Fixed Bearing
Bearing which positions shaft
against axial movement in both
directions.
Floating Bearing
Bearing so designed or mounted
as to permit axial displacement
between shaft and housing.
Fluting
Preload
The absence of end play or
internal clearance.All of the rolling
elements are in contact or in
compression with the inner and
outer races or cups and cones.
Internal load on the rolling elements
of bearing, which is the result of
mounting conditions or design. Can
be intentional or unintentional.
Radial Load
Fretting Corrosion
Housing Fit
Amount of interference or
clearance between bearing outside
surface and housing bearing seat.
Life
Rating Life
L10 of group of apparently
identical bearings is predicted life
in millions of revolutions that 90
percent of group will complete or
exceed.
Scoring
Caused by metal-to-metal
contact, resulting in the removal and
transfer of metal from one component of a bearing to another.Various
degrees of scoring can be described
as scuffing, smearing, sliding, galling
or any other sliding motion.
Shaft Fit
Misalignment
Spalling Flaking
Amount of interference or
clearance between bearing inside
diameter and shaft bearing seat
outside diameter.
16
17
21
20
22
23
18
15
24
10
25
27
27
19
26
27
27
11
5
Cylindrical
Roller Bearing
Tapered
Roller Bearing
Angular Contact
Ball Bearing
12
16
4
2
13
14
28
29
27
27
29
5
Drawn Cup B
Bearing
Drawn Cup J
Bearing
Spherical
Roller Bearing
8. Thrust Face
5. Outer Ring
27. Cage
6. Ball
7. Counter Bore
Speed Capability
Guidelines
The usual measure of the speed
of a bearing is the circumferential velocity of the midpoint of
the inner race large end rib.This
may be calculated as:
Rib speed:
Vr = Dmn/60 000 (m/s)
Vr = Dmn/12 (ft/min)
Where:
Inner race rib diameter
Dm
Dm = Inner race rib diameter (mm, in)
n = Bearing speed (rev/min)
Fig. 94: The inner race rib diameter can
= 3.1416
be scaled from a drawing or can be
approximated as the average of the
bearing inner and outer diameter.
Oil jets
Oil-mist/oil-air
Circulating oil
Oil level
Grease
0
0
10
2000
20
4000
30
6000
40
8000
50
10 000
100
20 000
200 m/s
40 000 ft/min
30
Physical Quantity
Multiply by
Length
inch (in.)
inch (in.)
miles
millimetre (mm)
centimetre (cm)
kilometre (km)
kilometre (km)
25.4
2.54
1.609
0.03937
0.3937
0.6214
3280.8
Area
Volume
inch3 (in.3)
cubic centimetre (cc, cm3)
litre (1 1 = 1000 cc, cm3)
Fluid
Volume
Weight/Mass
pound (lb.)
ounce (oz.)
kilogram (kg)
gram (gm)
metric ton (1 t = 1000 kg)
Force
ounce-force
pound-force (lbf)
newton (N)
newton (N)
0.278
4.448
3.5969
0.2248
newton (N)
newton (N)
ounce-force
pound-force (lbf)
Engine
Torque
foot-pound (ft.-lb.)
newton-metre (Nm)
1.3558
0.7376
newton-metre (Nm)
foot-pound (ft.-lb.)
Hardware
Torque
foot-pound (ft.-lb.)
foot-pound (ft.-lb.)
inch-pound (in. lbf)
kilogram-metre (kg-m)
newton-metre (Nm)
kilogram-metre (kg-m)
newton-metre (Nm)
0.138
1.3558
0.113
7.23
0.7376
9.807
0.102
kilogram-metre (kg-m)
newton-metre (Nm)
newton-metre (Nm)
foot-pound (ft.-lb.)
foot-pound (ft.-lb.)
newton-metre (Nm)
kilogram-metre (kg-m)
Pressure
pound/inch2 (PSI)
kilopascal (kPa)
6.895
0.145
kilopascal (kPa)
pound/inch2 (PSI)
Power
horsepower (hp)
kilowatt (kW)
0.746
1.341
kilowatt (kW)
horsepower (hp)
Velocity
1.609
0.621
Fuel
Usage
0.425
2.353
645.2
6.4516
0.00155
0.155
16.387
0.061
61.0237
0.946
3.785
1.057
0.264
0.22
4.546
0.4536
28.35
2.2046
0.035
2204.6
To get an equivalent in
millimetre (mm)
centimetre (cm)
kilometre (km)
inch (in.)
inch (in.)
miles
foot (ft.)
square millimetre (mm2)
square centimetre (cm2)
square inch (sq. in.)
square inch (sq. in.)
cubic centimetre (cc, cm3)
inch3 (in.3)
inch3 (in.3)
litre (l)
litre (l)
quart, U.S. (qt.)
gallon, U.S.
gallon, U.K.
litre (l)
kilogram (kg)
gram (gm)
pound (lb.)
ounce (oz.)
pound (lb.)
31
1/64
1/32
3/64
1/16
32
Dec.
Equiv.
Millimetre
.0039
.0059
.0079
.0098
.0118
.0135
.0138
.0145
.0156
.0157
.0160
.0177
.0180
.0197
.0200
.0210
.0217
.0225
.0236
.0240
.0250
.0256
.0260
.0280
.0276
.0292
.0295
.0310
.0312
.0315
.0320
.0330
.0335
.0350
.0354
.0360
.0370
.0374
.0380
.0390
.0394
.0400
.0410
.0413
.0420
.0430
.0433
.0452
.0465
.0469
.0472
.0492
.0512
.0520
.0531
.0550
.0551
.0570
.0591
.0595
.0610
.0625
.0629
.0635
.0649
.0669
.0670
.1
.15
.2
.25
.3
...
.35
...
.39
.4
...
.45
...
.5
...
...
.55
...
.6
...
...
.65
...
...
.7
...
.75
...
.79
.8
...
...
.85
...
.9
...
...
.95
...
...
1.0
...
...
1.05
...
...
1.1
1.15
...
1.19
1.2
1.25
1.3
...
1.35
...
1.4
1.45
1.5
...
1.55
1.59
1.6
...
1.65
1.7
...
Fractional
5/64
3/32
7/64
1/8
9/64
5/32
Dec.
Equiv.
Millimetre
.0689
.0700
.0709
.0728
.0730
.0748
.0760
.0767
.0781
.0785
.0787
.0807
.0810
.0820
.0827
.0846
.0860
.0866
.0885
.0890
.0905
.0925
.0935
.0937
.0945
.0960
.0964
.0980
.0984
.0995
.1015
.1024
.1040
.1063
.1065
.1082
.1094
.1100
.1102
.1110
.1130
.1141
.1160
.1181
.1200
.1220
.1250
.1260
.1279
.1285
.1299
.1338
.1360
.1378
.1405
.1406
.1417
.1440
.1457
.1470
.1476
.1495
.1496
.1520
.1535
.1540
.1562
1.75
....
1.8
1.85
...
1.9
...
1.95
1.98
...
2.0
2.05
...
...
2.1
2.15
...
2.2
2.25
...
2.3
2.35
...
2.38
2.4
...
2.45
...
2.5
...
...
2.6
...
2.7
...
2.75
2.78
...
2.8
...
...
2.9
...
3.0
...
3.1
3.18
3.2
3.25
...
3.3
3.4
...
3.5
...
3.57
3.6
...
3.7
...
3.75
...
3.8
...
3.9
...
3.97
Fractional
11/64
3/16
13/64
7/32
15/64
1/4
17/64
Dec.
Equiv.
Millimetre
.1570
.1575
.1590
.1610
.1614
.1654
.1660
.1673
.1693
.1695
.1719
.1730
.1732
.1770
.1771
.1800
.1811
.1820
.1850
.1870
.1875
.1890
.1910
.1929
.1935
.1960
.1968
.1990
.2008
.2010
.2031
.2040
.2047
.2055
.2067
.2086
.2090
.2126
.2130
.2165
.2187
.2205
.2210
.2244
.2263
.2280
.2283
.2323
.2340
.2344
.2362
.2380
.2401
.2420
.2441
.2460
.2480
.2500
.2520
.2559
.2570
.2598
.2610
.2638
.2656
.2657
.2660
....
4.0
....
...
4.1
4.2
...
4.25
4.3
...
4.37
...
4.4
...
4.5
...
4.6
...
4.7
4.75
4.76
4.8
...
4.9
...
...
5.0
...
5.1
...
5.16
...
5.2
...
5.25
5.3
...
5.4
...
5.5
5.56
5.6
...
5.7
5.75
...
5.8
5.9
...
5.95
6.0
...
6.1
...
6.2
6.25
6.3
6.35
6.4
6.5
...
6.6
...
6.7
6.75
6.75
...
Fractional
9/32
19/64
5/16
21/64
11/32
23/64
3/8
25/64
13/32
Dec.
Equiv.
Millimetre
Fractional
Dec.
Equiv.
Millimetre
.2677
.2716
.2720
.2756
.2770
.2795
.2811
.2812
.2835
.2854
.2874
.2900
.2913
.2950
.2953
.2968
.2992
.3020
.3031
.3051
.3071
.3110
.3125
.3150
.3160
.3189
.3228
.3230
.3248
.3268
.3281
.3307
.3320
.3346
.3386
.3390
.3425
.3437
.3445
.3465
.3480
.3504
.3543
.3580
.3583
.3594
.3622
.3641
.3661
.3680
.3701
.3740
.3750
.3770
.3780
.3819
.3838
.3858
.3860
.3898
.3906
.3937
.3970
.4040
.4062
.4130
.4134
6.8
6.9
....
7.0
...
7.1
...
7.14
7.2
7.25
7.3
...
7.4
...
7.5
7.54
7.6
...
7.7
7.75
7.8
7.9
7.94
8.0
...
8.1
8.2
...
8.25
8.3
8.33
8.4
...
8.5
8.6
...
8.7
8.73
8.75
8.8
...
8.9
9.0
...
9.1
9.13
9.2
9.25
9.3
...
9.4
9.5
9.53
...
9.6
9.7
9.75
9.8
...
9.9
9.92
10.0
...
...
10.32
...
10.5
27/64
.4219
.4330
.4375
.4528
.4531
.4687
.4724
.4843
.4921
.5000
.5118
.5156
.5312
.5315
.5469
.5512
.5625
.5709
.5781
.5906
.5937
.6094
.6102
.6250
.6299
.6406
.6496
.6562
.6693
.6719
.6875
.6890
.7031
.7087
.7187
.7283
.7344
.7480
.7500
.7656
.7677
.7812
.7874
.7969
.8071
.8125
.8268
.8281
.8437
.8465
.8594
.8661
.8750
.8858
.8906
.9055
.9062
.9219
.9252
.9375
.9449
.9531
.9646
.9687
.9843
.9844
1.000
10.72
11.0
11.11
11.5
11.51
11.91
12.0
12.30
12.5
12.7
13.0
13.10
13.49
13.5
13.89
14.0
14.29
14.5
14.68
15.0
15.08
15.48
15.5
15.88
16.0
16.27
16.5
16.67
17.0
17.06
17.46
17.5
17.86
18.0
18.26
18.5
18.65
19.0
19.05
19.45
19.5
19.84
20.0
20.24
20.5
20.64
21.0
21.03
21.43
21.5
21.83
22.0
22.23
22.5
22.62
23.0
23.02
23.42
23.5
23.81
24.0
24.21
24.5
24.61
25.0
25.03
25.4
7/16
29/64
15/32
31/64
1/2
33/64
17/32
35/64
9/16
37/64
19/32
39/64
5/8
41/64
21/32
43/64
11/16
45/64
23/32
47/64
3/4
49/64
25/32
51/64
13/16
53/64
27/32
55/64
7/8
57/64
29/32
59/64
15/16
61/64
31/32
63/64
1
C
-73.33
70.55
67.78
65.00
62.22
59.44
56.67
53.89
51.11
48.33
45.56
44.44
43.33
42.22
41.11
40.00
38.89
37.78
36.67
35.56
34.44
33.33
32.22
31.11
30.00
28.89
28.33
27.78
27.22
26.67
26.11
25.56
25.00
24.44
23.89
23.33
22.78
22.22
21.67
21.11
20.56
20.00
19.44
18.89
18.33
17.78
17.22
16.67
16.11
15.56
15.00
14.44
13.89
13.33
12.78
12.22
11.67
11.11
10.56
10.00
9.44
8.89
8.33
7.78
7.22
6.67
6.11
5.56
5.00
4.44
3.89
3.33
2.78
2.22
1.67
BASE
TEMP.
F or C
-100
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
48
46
44
42
40
38
36
34
32
30
28
26
24
22
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
+1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
BASE
TEMP.
F or C
-148.0
139.0
130.0
121.0
112.0
103.0
94.0
85.0
76.0
67.0
58.0
54.4
50.8
47.2
43.6
40.0
36.4
32.8
29.2
25.6
22.0
18.4
14.8
11.2
7.6
4.0
2.2
0.4
+1.4
3.2
5.0
6.8
8.6
10.4
12.2
14.0
15.8
17.6
19.4
21.2
23.0
24.8
26.6
28.4
30.2
32.0
33.8
35.6
37.4
39.2
41.0
42.8
44.6
46.4
48.2
50.0
51.8
53.6
55.4
57.2
59.0
60.8
62.6
64.4
66.2
68.0
69.8
71.6
73.4
75.2
77.0
78.8
80.6
82.4
84.2
1.11
0.56
0.00
+0.56
1.11
1.67
2.22
2.78
3.33
3.89
4.44
5.00
5.56
6.11
6.67
7.22
7.78
8.33
8.89
9.44
10.00
10.56
11.11
11.67
12.22
12.78
13.33
13.89
14.44
15.00
15.56
16.11
16.67
17.22
17.78
18.33
18.89
19.44
20.00
20.56
21.11
21.67
22.22
22.78
23.33
23.89
24.44
25.00
25.56
26.11
26.67
27.22
27.78
28.33
28.89
29.44
30.00
30.56
31.11
31.67
32.22
32.78
33.33
33.89
34.44
35.00
35.56
36.11
36.67
37.22
37.78
38.33
38.89
39.44
40.00
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
F
86.0
87.8
89.6
91.4
93.2
95.0
96.8
98.6
100.4
102.2
104.0
105.8
107.6
109.4
111.2
113.0
114.8
116.6
118.4
120.2
122.0
123.8
125.6
127.4
129.2
131.0
132.8
134.6
136.4
138.2
140.0
141.8
143.6
145.4
147.2
149.0
150.8
152.6
154.4
156.2
158.0
159.8
161.6
163.4
165.2
167.0
168.8
170.6
172.4
174.2
176.0
177.8
179.6
181.4
183.2
185.0
186.8
188.6
190.4
192.2
194.0
195.8
197.6
199.4
201.2
203.0
204.8
206.6
208.4
210.2
212.0
213.8
215.6
217.4
219.2
BASE
TEMP.
F or C
40.56
41.11
41.67
42.22
42.78
43.33
43.89
44.44
45.00
45.56
46.11
46.67
47.22
47.78
48.33
48.87
49.44
50.00
50.56
51.11
51.67
52.22
52.78
53.33
53.89
54.44
55.00
55.56
56.11
56.67
57.22
57.78
58.33
58.89
63.44
60.00
60.56
61.11
61.67
62.22
62.78
63.33
63.89
64.44
65.00
65.56
68.33
71.11
73.89
76.67
79.44
82.22
85.00
87.78
90.56
93.33
96.11
98.89
101.67
104.44
107.22
110.00
112.78
115.56
118.33
121.11
123.89
126.67
129.44
132.22
135.00
137.78
140.56
143.33
146.11
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
221.0
222.8
224.6
226.4
228.2
230.0
231.8
233.6
235.4
237.2
239.0
240.8
242.6
244.4
246.2
248.0
249.8
251.6
253.4
255.2
257.0
258.8
260.6
262.4
264.2
266.0
267.8
269.6
271.4
273.2
275.0
276.8
278.6
280.4
282.2
284.0
285.8
287.6
289.4
291.2
293.0
294.8
296.6
298.4
300.2
302.0
311.0
320.0
329.0
338.0
347.0
356.0
365.0
374.0
383.0
392.0
401.0
410.0
419.0
428.0
437.0
446.0
455.0
464.0
473.0
482.0
491.0
500.0
509.0
518.0
527.0
536.0
545.0
554.0
563.0
148.89
151.67
154.44
157.22
160.00
162.78
165.56
168.33
171.11
173.89
176.67
179.44
182.22
185.00
187.78
190.56
193.33
196.11
198.89
201.67
204.44
207.22
210.00
212.78
215.56
218.33
221.11
223.89
226.67
229.44
232.22
235.00
237.78
240.56
243.33
246.11
248.89
251.67
254.44
257.22
260.00
262.78
265.56
268.33
271.11
273.89
276.67
279.44
282.22
285.00
287.78
290.56
293.33
296.11
298.89
301.67
304.44
307.22
310.00
312.78
315.56
318.33
321.11
323.89
326.67
329.44
332.22
335.00
337.78
340.56
343.33
346.11
348.89
351.67
354.44
BASE
TEMP.
F or C
300
305
310
315
320
325
330
335
340
345
350
355
360
365
370
375
380
385
390
395
400
405
410
415
420
425
430
435
440
445
450
455
460
465
470
475
480
485
490
495
500
505
510
515
520
525
530
535
540
545
550
555
560
565
570
575
580
585
590
595
600
605
610
615
620
625
630
635
640
645
650
655
660
665
670
572
581
590
599
608
617
626
635
644
653
662
671
680
689
698
707
716
725
734
743
752
761
770
779
788
797
806
815
824
833
842
851
860
869
878
887
896
905
914
923
932
941
950
959
968
977
986
995
1004
1013
1022
1031
1040
1049
1058
1067
1076
1085
1094
1103
1112
1121
1130
1139
1148
1157
1166
1175
1184
1193
1202
1211
1220
1229
1238
357.22
360.00
362.78
365.56
368.34
371.11
373.89
376.67
379.44
382.22
385.00
387.78
390.56
393.33
396.11
398.89
401.67
404.44
407.22
410.00
412.78
415.56
418.33
421.11
423.89
426.67
429.44
432.22
435.00
437.78
440.56
443.33
446.11
448.89
451.67
454.44
457.22
460.00
462.78
465.56
468.33
471.11
473.89
476.67
479.44
482.22
485.00
487.78
490.56
493.33
496.11
498.89
501.67
504.44
507.22
510.00
512.78
515.56
518.33
521.11
523.89
526.67
529.44
532.22
535.00
537.78
565.56
593.33
612.11
648.89
676.67
704.44
732.22
760.00
815.56
BASE
TEMP.
F or C
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
720
725
730
735
740
745
750
755
760
765
770
775
780
785
790
795
800
805
810
815
820
825
830
835
840
845
850
855
860
865
870
875
880
885
890
895
900
905
910
915
920
925
930
935
940
945
950
955
960
965
970
975
980
985
990
995
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1500
F
1247
1256
1265
1274
1283
1292
1301
1310
1319
1328
1337
1346
1355
1364
1373
1382
1391
1400
1409
1418
1427
1436
1445
1454
1463
1472
1481
1490
1499
1508
1517
1526
1535
1544
1553
1562
1571
1580
1589
1598
1607
1616
1625
1634
1643
1652
1661
1670
1679
1688
1697
1706
1715
1724
1733
1742
1751
1760
1769
1778
1787
1796
1805
1814
1823
1832
1922
2012
2102
2192
2282
2372
2462
2552
2732
33
34
Housed Units
Ball and spherical roller bearing
pillow block units, featuring a
unique sealing
design, are
easily
installed
and maintained in heavy-duty
environments.
Condition Monitoring Devices
From wireless units to online
systems, conditioning monitoring
devices give you powerful
WARNING:
Proper maintenance and
handling practices are
critical. Failure to follow
installation instructions and
to maintain proper lubrication
can result in equipment
failure, creating a risk of
serious bodily harm.
Never spin a bearing with
compressed air. The rollers
may be forcefully expelled
creating a risk of serious
bodily harm.
35