Ch. 5 Sec. 1 What Is Energy?

Pages 146150
Directions: Please complete all of the guided notes for Chapter 5 Section 1 WHAT IS ENERGY.
Start reading the section from the beginning and fill out the guided notes as you go. Respond
using a DIFFERENT COLOR. Submit your guided notes to the CANVAS page upon completion.
We will review the information tomorrow in class.
Energy, Work, and Power.
1. TRUE or FALSE: When wind moves a house, or even a leaf, it causes a change. (If the
statement is false, please rewrite it to make it true.)
2. Define energy.
Work and Energy
3. TRUE or FALSE: When an object or living thing does work on another object, some of its
energy is transferred to that object. (If the statement is false, please rewrite it to
make it true.)
4. You can think of work as the ________________________. When energy is
transferred, the object upon which the work is done _______________ energy.
Power and Energy
5. If the _____________ of energy is ____________, then power is the rate at which
_____________ is transferred, or the amount of energy transferred in a unit of time.
6. What is the formula for energy?

7. In Figure 1 on page 147, explain how the tornados energy and power works/changes.

Kinetic Energy
8. Two basic kinds of energy are ____________ energy and ______________ energy.

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9. TRUE or FALSE: Whether energy is kinetic or potential does not depend on whether an
object is moving or not. (If the statement is false, please rewrite it to make it true.)

10.

Define kinetic energy.

Factors Affecting Kinetic Energy

11.

The kinetic energy of an object depends on both its _________ and its

_____________.
12.
Explain the example of kinetic energy in Figure 2 on page 148 in your science
textbook.

13.

TRUE or FALSE: Kinetic energy also increases when velocity increases. (If the

statement is false, please rewrite it to make it true.)

14.

Explain the example of the bowling ball with the greater velocity in Figure 2 on

page 148 in your science textbook.

Calculating Kinetic Energy

15.

What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy?

16.

Do changes in velocity and mass have the same effect on kinetic energy?

Potential Energy
17.

TRUE or FALSE: An object does not have to moving to have energy. (If the

statement is false, please rewrite it to make it true.)

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18.

Define potential energy.

Gravitational Potential Energy

19.

Define gravitational potential energy.

20.

What is the formula for work?

21.
22.

The force you use to lift an object is equal to its _____________.

The distance you move the object is its _____________.

23.

Gravitational potential energy =

24.

TRUE or FALSE: The more and object weighs, or the greater the objects height,

the greater its gravitational potential energy. (If the statement is false, please rewrite
it to make it true.)
Elastic Potential Energy
25.

Define elastic potential energy.

Ch. 5 Sec. 2 Forms Of Energy

Pages 151--155
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Directions: Please complete all of the guided notes for Chapter 5 Section 2 FORMS OF
ENERGY. Start reading the section from the beginning and fill out the guided notes as you go.
Respond using a DIFFERENT COLOR. Submit your guided notes to the CANVAS page upon
completion. We will review the information tomorrow in class.

Mechanical Energy
1

Define mechanical energy.

2 How is a thrown football a good example of mechanical energy? Explain.

3 What is the formula for mechanical?

Mechanical Energy =

4 TRUE or FALSE: An object with mechanical energy can do work on another object. (If the
statement is FALSE, please rewrite it to make it TRUE.)
Other Forms of Energy
5 What are most other forms of energy associated with?
6 Forms of energy are associated with _______________ of objects include
_______________ energy, ______________ energy, _______________ energy,
______________ energy, and ____________________ energy.
Thermal Energy
7 All objects are made up of particles called ____________ and _______________.
8 TRUE or FALSE: Because these particles are constantly in motion, they have kinetic energy. (If
the statement is FALSE, please rewrite it to make it TRUE.)
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9 The faster the particles move, the ____________ kinetic energy they have.
10 TRUE or FALSE: These particles are not arranged in in specific ways in different objects.
Therefore, they do not have potential energy. (If the statement is FALSE, please rewrite it to
make it TRUE.)
11 Define thermal energy.

12 Explain how eating ice cream on a hot day is a good example of thermal energy.

Electrical Energy
13 Define electrical energy.

14 Depending on whether the charges are _____________ or _____________, electrical energy

can be a form of kinetic and potential energy.
15 Name some objects that you rely on electrical energy for.

Chemical Energy
16 TRUE or FALSE: Everything you see, touch, or taste is composed of chemical compounds. (If
the statement is FALSE, please rewrite it to make it TRUE.)

17 Chemical compounds are made up of ______________ and _______________.

18 Bonds between the _____________ and ______________ hold ______________________
together. These bonds have chemical energy.
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19 Define chemical energy.

20 Explain what happens when bonds in chemical compounds break.

Nuclear Energy
21 Define nuclear energy.

22 Nuclear energy is released during a __________________.

23 One kind of nuclear reaction, known as _____________________, occurs when a
_______________ splits.
24 How do nuclear power plants produce energy?

Electromagnetic Energy
25 Define electromagnetic energy.

26 Electromagnetic energy travels in ________________.

27 These waves have some ________________ properties and some __________________
properties.
28 Provide at least two examples of electromagnetic waves.
Ch. 5 Sec. 3 Energy Transformations and Conservation
Pages 158163
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Directions: Please complete all of the guided notes for Chapter 5 Section 3 ENERGY
TRANSFORMATIONS AND CONSERVATION. Start reading the section from the beginning
and fill out the guided notes as you go. Respond using a DIFFERENT COLOR. Submit your guided
notes to the CANVAS page upon completion. We will review the information tomorrow in class.
Energy Transformations
1

TRUE or FALSE: Most forms of energy can be transformed into other forms. (If the
statement is FALSE please rewrite it to make it TRUE.)

2 Define energy transformation.

Single Transformations
3 Sometimes, one form of energy needs to be transformed into another to
____________________________________.
4 Provide one example from your book of a single energy transformation.

Multiple Transformations
5 TRUE or FALSE: A series of energy transformations is hardly ever needed to do work.
(If the statement is FALSE please rewrite it to make it TRUE.)
6 Provide one example from your book of a multiple energy transformation.

Transformations Between Potential and Kinetic Energy

7 One of the most common energy transformations is the transformation between
____________________ and ______________________.
8 Explain how Niagara Falls is a great example of how potential is transformed into kinetic
energy.
Energy Transformation in Juggling
9 TRUE or FALSE: Any object that rises or falls experiences a change in its kinetic and
gravitational potential energy. (If the statement is FALSE please rewrite it to make it
TRUE.)
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10 Describe how energy transformations occur in juggling. (Hint: Look at Figure 11 on page
160 in your book to help guide your response.)

Energy Transformation in a Pendulum

11 In a pendulum, a _________________ transformation between kinetic and potential
energy takes place.
12 Describe how energy transformations occur in a pendulum. (Hint: Look at Figure 12 on
page 160 in your book to help guide your response.)

Energy Transformation in a Pole Vault

13 TRUE or FALSE: A pole-vaulter transforms kinetic energy to elastic potential energy,
which then becomes gravitational potential energy. (If the statement is FALSE please
rewrite it to make it TRUE.)
14 Describe how energy transformations occur in a pole-vaulter. (Hint: Look at Figure 13 on
page 161 in your book to help guide your response.

Conservation of Energy
15 Define law of conservation of energy.

16 According to the law of conservation of energy is the same

_________________________________________________________________.
17 What happens if you add up all the new forms of energy after a transformation?

Energy and Friction

18 What happens to the energy of a top like the one in figure 14 on page 162?
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19 Explain the energy transformation that occurs when you rub your hands together.

20 TRUE or FALSE: The fact that friction transforms mechanical energy to thermal energy
explains why no machine is 100 percent efficient. (If the statement is FALSE please
rewrite it to make it TRUE.)

Energy and Matter

21 Describe what Albert Einsteins theory of relativity is.

22 Define matter.

23 Just as one form of energy can be transformed to other forms, Einstein discovered that
__________________________________________________________________.
24 Einsteins discovery meant that the _______________________________ had to be
adjusted.
25 Since matter can be _________________ to _________________, scientists say
matter and energy together are always _____________________.

Ch. 5 Sec. 4 Energy and Fossil Fuels

Pages 166169
Directions: Please complete all of the guided notes for Chapter 5 Section 4 ENERGY AND
FOSSIL FUELS. Start reading the section from the beginning and fill out the guided notes as
you go. Respond using a DIFFERENT COLOR. Submit your guided notes to the CANVAS page
upon completion. We will review the information tomorrow in class.
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Formation of Fossils Fuels

1 What is a fuel?
2 Provide examples of fuel.

3 Define fossil fuels.

4 Describe what coal is made of and the process in which it is made.

Energy From the Sun

5 TRUE or FALSE: Fuels do not create energy. (If this statement is FALSE, please rewrite
it to make it TRUE.)
6 Fossil fuels contain energy that came from ___________________.
7 TRUE or FALSE: The sun is the source of energy for most of Earths processes. (If this
statement is FALSE, please rewrite it to make it TRUE.)
8 Within the dense core of the sun, during the process of _______________________,
nuclear energy is transformed into _______________________________ as well as
other forms.

The Suns Energy on Earth

9 What happens to the suns energy once it reaches Earth?

10 How is energy stored in animals?

Use of Fossil Fuels

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11 Fossil fuels can be burned to release the _____________________ stored millions of

years ago.
12 Define combustion.

13 Explain what happens to fuel during combustion.

14 Thermal energy from the combustion stage can be used to do what?

15 In modern, coal-fired power plants, the _____________ is raised to a very high
temperature in a boiler.
16 What happens when the steam leave the boiler?

17 Describe what a turbine and how it functions.

18 Then turbines are connected to _________________.

19 Explain what happens when the turbines spin the generators.

20 A power plant transforms _____________energy to _____________ energy to

________________ energy to ________________ energy.

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