Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

Residential/Mixed use project

@ GKW Rajajinagar, Bangalore

Structural Systems Report

Preliminary Report

January 24, 2011 (Ver.1.0)

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

1. Introduction

Iconic Towers is now replaced

By two more high-rise structure

High-rise Apartment
(S+32 upper floors)

Luxury
Apartment
(S+25 upper
floors)

Premium Apartment
(S+18 upper floors)

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

The project consists of 5 towers of high rise apartment structures, 24 nos. villas, 5
towers of premium apartments and 4 towers of Luxury apartments.This Report briefs the
structural analysis and design process involved.

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

2. Structural system:

Column elements
Beam elements
Slab elements

Image: 3D perspective of the mathematical model (S+32. Floors)

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

Column elements
Beam elements
Slab elements

Image: Extruded view of the structural system at the 1st floor level

The Structural system is cast in-situ RCC framed structure having Slabs, Beams &
Columns.
The podium system is a waffle slab system for long spans and such a system
possesses high Strength to Weight ratios.
The lift walls are idealized as Shear walls to transmit lateral forces to the foundation.
3. Structural Analyses and Design
A three dimensional structural analysis iscarried out to obtain stress resultants and
deflections. Standard finite element software namely ETABS was used to analyze and design
the structure.
Beams and Columns are modeled as Frame Elements with 6 DOFs,majority of the
floor objects as Membrane Elements and rest of the floor as Shell Elements with 6 DOFs.
The RCC floor slabs are idealized as Rigid Diaphragms to effectively transfer the
lateral forces.
The Lift walls are modeled as Shear walls connected with link elements, to the main
structure for their composite action in resisting the lateral forces derived from Wind and
Earthquakes.

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

Image: Floor plans line diagram indicating column sizes (upto 1st Floor)

Image: Floor plans line diagram indicating column sizes (for typical floors)

The reaction from the superstructure at the foundation level, obtained from
preliminary analysis is tabulated below.

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

Load

FX
KN

FY
KN

FZ(gravi
ty)
KN

SW

0.1

-0.06

214631.
2

MX
KN-M
189828
5

49747.0
2

417174

104402.
1
33948.5
9
10966.5
6
413695.
4

918675
287081
102048

LIVE

0.06

-0.01

WALL

0.16

-0.06

FF

0.02

-0.01

FILL

0.04

0.01
=

MZ
KN-M
1.256
0.378
2.985
0.042
1.115

( 41370 MT)

Percentage Contribution of loads

51.88
12.03
25.24
8.21
2.65

SW
LIVE
WALL
FF
FILL
super built-up per floor

MY
KN-M
458564
8
106536
3
222067
7
726972
234384

704 m2

Approx. Raft area =

999
m2
Approx. upward soil
414.10 KN/
<
KN/
pressure =
95
m2
= 450 m2
(Considering SBC for disintegrated rock as per Soil report pg.10)

Hence the Raft foundation for the High-rise tower is justified.

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

4. Material specification
a) Proposed Concrete grades:
All structural concrete shall have characteristic cube strength varying from 25 N/mm 2
to 60 N/mm2 at 28 days (M25, M30, M35, M40,M45, M50, M55& M60).Leveling course
of plain cement concrete shall have characteristiccube strength of 10N/mm2 at 28 days
(M10).
b) Proposed Reinforcement grades
High yield strength deformed (HYSD) bars withYield Strength of 500N/mm 2shall be
used within all R.C.C members exceptfor stirrups,wherein bars with Yield Strength of 415
N/mm2 are to be used. Bars of diameter 8, 10, 12,16,20,25& 32 shall be used.
5. Soil data
Soil data used in the design of foundations are strictly in accordance with the detailed
report provided by the soil consultant. After in-depth study of the bore-log data furnished
by the soil consultant, a Raft foundation is found to be ideal.
6. Load data
A) Super imposed loads
Weight of materials shall be calculated on the basis of unit weights given in I.S:875PART 1.
Unit weight of reinforced cement concrete

= 25 KN/m3

Unit weight of plain cement concrete

= 24 KN/m3

Unit weight of steel

= 78.5 KN/m3

Unit weight of cement mortar/plaster

= 20.40 KN/m3

Filling material of sunken floors ******

= 20 KN/m3

Filling material for Landscaping

= 20 KN/m3

Water load

= 10 KN/m3

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

Lime concrete with burnt clay aggregates

= 19.2 KN/m3

b) Other loads considered for design

Floor finishes

= 1.5 KN/m2

UnknownPartition wall (equivalent area)

= 1.0KN/m2

c) Live load
On the basis of intended occupancy & use,the loading shall be based on I.S: 875PART2.
Stair case

= 3kN/m2

Electrical Room

=7.5kN/m2

Toilets

=2kN/m2

Parking

=3.5kN/m2

S.T.P Plant Room

=As per actuals.

D.G Room
Lobby
Balcony

= Placed on Natural Ground & As per actuals

=3kN/m2
= 4 kN/m2

Terrace
All other rooms

=1.5 kN/m2(Access provided)

= 2 kN/m2

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

d) Wind load
Wind loads for design of structures shall be based on the design wind speeds based on
I.S:875- PART 3.

The parameters for calculation of design wind speed as per

I.S:875-PART 3 are as follows:
Basic wind speed (vb)

= 33 m/sec

Risk co-efficient, k1

= 1.05

Terrain height structure, size factor, k2

Category 2,& class C

= 1.21

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

Topography factor, k3
Design wind speed,vz

=1.00
= vb x k1 x k2x k3
= 0.6vz2

Design wind pressure, pz

e) Seismic loads:

Seismic loads for design of structures shall be considered as per I.S.1893-2002

Zone

II

Zone factor

0.10

Importance factor

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

Response reduction factor, R

Horizontal seismic co-efficient, Ah
Soil Type

3
=

ZxIxSa
2 xRxg

Medium Soil
The following Load cases were analyzedfor
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35

Load Combinations
1.5DL
1.5(DL+LL)
1.2(DL+LL+WLX)
1.2(DL+LL-WLX)
1.2(DL+LL+WLY)
1.2(DL+LL-WLY)
1.5(DL+WLX)
1.5(DL-WLX)
1.5(DL+WLY)
1.5(DL-WLY)
0.9DL+1.5WLX
0.9DL-1.5WLX
0.9DL+1.5WLY
0.9DL-1.5WLY
1.2(DL+LL+EQX)
1.2(DL+LL-EQX)
1.2(DL+LL+EQY)
1.2(DL+LL-EQY)
1.5(DL+EQX)
1.5(DL-EQX)
1.5(DL+EQY)
1.5(DL-EQY)
0.9DL+1.5EQX
0.9DL-1.5EQX
0.9DL+1.5EQY
0.9DL-1.5EQY
1.2(DL+LL+SPECX)
1.2(DL+LL+SPECY)
1.2(DL+LL+SPECZ)
1.5(DL+SPECX)
1.5(DL+SPECY)
1.5(DL+SPECZ)
0.9DL+1.5SPECX
0.9DL+1.5SPECY
0.9DL+1.5SPECZ

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

STRUCTURAL BRIEF FOR SUB-STRUCTURE & PROTECTION SYSTEM BASED ON SOIL

INVESTIGATION REPORT & SITE SURVEY PLAN
For the structural safety of adjoining structure, while excavating for basements;following
precautionary measures need to be implemented
1. While shallow excavation for basements of depth not exceeding 4 mts., the soil is to be cut
maintaining a slope of 1:1 at all extents; along with a wrap of HDPE sheets duly anchored at
the top and toe with either sand bags or PCC.
2. In case water-table is encountered, dewatering shall be carried out keeping in view that, at any
point during excavation the water table shall be maintained atleast 1.2 mts, below the level to
be excavated by deploying suitable de-watering system like open well system using pre-cast
rings at the required spacing.

FIRE SAFTY OF BUILDINGS

For the FIRE SAFTY OF BUILDINGS vide IS CODE 1641-1988 buildings have been
classified based on occupancy, Apartment buildings come under the heading residential building
group A , sub heading A-4 group.
Based on the development areas, the fire zone have been created as fire zone 1, 2, 3. Group A
residentialfall underfire zone I.
Vide IS 1642-1988.There is restrictions on type of construction for new construction.
Building erected in fire zone 1 should confirm to construction of type 1, 2, 3 or 4.
Vide TABLE 1, under heading fire resistance ratings of structural elements in hours, the
structure demands 2 hours rating for load bearing and 1 hour for non-load bearing.
Vide IS 456-2000 under heading 21 FIRE-RESISTANCE. The minimum thickness of various
members must be as follows.
TABLE 1
Fire
resistance
in hours
2 hours

Minimum
beam
width
200

Rib
width
of
slabs

Minimum
thickness
of floors

125

125

Column dimensions
Fully
exposed

50%

300

200

exposed

Min wall thk

One
face
exposed
160

P<
0.4%

0.4%1%

P>1%

160

100

TABLE 2(Nominal cover to meet specified period of fire resistance)

Fire resistance in
hours
2 hours

Beams
s.sup
40

Slabs
cont
30

s.sup
35

Ribs
cont
25

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

s.sup
45

Columns
cont
35

40

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

Vide IS 456-2000 21.3, the reinforcement detailing should reflect the changing pattern of structural
sections & ensure that both individual elements & structure as a whole contain adequate support;
bonds & anchorages for the required resistance.

Appendix:
Few results of Lateral load analysis

Drift-x at terrace
0.00014 < 0.004

Image: Deformed shape In the Analytical Model (Scaled to 200 times the actual)

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

Image: Fundamental Mode time period in the model

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

DESIGN CODES, STANDARDS AND REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

IS 456 2000

Plain and Reinforced Concrete (Code of practice)

IS 875 1987 (Part I to

III & Part V)
IS 1893 2002

Code and Practice for Design Loads (Other than

earthquake) for Building and Structures like Dead, Imposed,
Wind and other Loads
Criteria for Earthquake resistant deign of Structures

SP 16
SP- 34

Design aids for Reinforced concrete Structure.

Handbook on Concrete Reinforcement and Detailing

IS 1786

Specification for High Strength Deformed Steel bars and

wires for concrete reinforcement
Earthquake resistant Design and construction of Buildings

IS 4326 1993
IS 1904
IS 2950
IS 800-1980

Code and Practice for design and Construction of

Foundations in Soils
Code and Practice for Design and Construction of Raft
Foundations
Code of Practice for general Construction in Steel.

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Structural design Philosophy for GKW project @ Rajajinagar, Bangalore

Prasad Consultants, Structural Engineers, Bangalore.

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