Janus Another Yet General-Purpose Multiagent Platf

JANUS: Another Yet General-Purpose Multiagent Platform
www.janus-project.org
St
ephane Galland
on behalf of Janus Development Team
ICAP Team,
Laboratoire Syst`emes et Transports (SeT),
Universite de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM),
F-90 000 Belfort, France
stephane.galland@utbm.fr
http://www.multiagent.fr
Outlines
1 Introduction
Context
Hypothesis and Problems
2 From ASPECS to JANUS
3 Janus Metamodel
Organizational concepts of Janus

Agent-related concepts of Janus
Other concepts
4 Example: Market-like Community
How to define an Organization

How to define an Agent
5 Conclusion
6 Demos
S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`
emes et Transports UTBM
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Outlines
1 Introduction
Context
3 Janus Metamodel

Other concepts

5 Conclusion
6 Demos
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Introduction
Context
Massive Multi-Agent Based Simulation
Design and Simulation of Complex Systems
AOSE: From Analysis to Deployment Methodology and Tools
Main Application Domain: Massive crowd simulation in
virtual environment
Janus and ASPECS Consortium
SeT Belfort, France
Voxelia S.A.S Belfort, France
CITAT Tucuman, Argentina
ICAR-CNR Palermo, Italy

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Introduction Why Another Platform?

To Help Agent-Oriented Software Engineering
To support organizational concepts as first-class abstractions:

Role and Organization.
Direct integration with the ASPECS1 methodology and CRIO

metamodel.
Contribute to fill the gap between design and implementation

phases in AOSE.
To strictly respect agent fundamental characteristics:

autonomy.
see: www.aspecs.org

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Introduction Why Another Platform?

To Help Developers
1
To implement with the same general-purpose platform:

Agent-oriented, Organisational, Holonic, Eco-Agent, BDI,
Simulation.
A developer-oriented platform designed to develop applications

dealing with real case studies (large, complex, etc.)
To preserve computational performance (realtime, mobile

devices, embedded systems)

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Janus Platform Architecture

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Outlines
1 Introduction
Context
3 Janus Metamodel

Other concepts

5 Conclusion
6 Demos
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ASPECS and CRIO Introduction: 3 levels of abstraction

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ASPECS Fundementals
Explicitly deals with the design of open, dynamic and complex
systems.
Assumption: system is hierarchically decomposable in
sub-systems.
Adoption of organisational approach: intra and inter-level
Vertical delegate the responsibility of an organisation at
level n to sub-organisations at level n-1
Horizontal collaboration of several entities at the same level
to fulfil the required functionalities.
Domain related ontological knowledge is used as a tool for
enhancing the quality of design.
Joint use of holonic and agency concepts:
Holonic modelling of collective and compositional
aspects of the system.
Agent modelling of individual aspects and personal
goals.
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Outlines
1 Introduction
Context
3 Janus Metamodel

Other concepts

5 Conclusion
6 Demos
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Outlines
1 Introduction
Context
3 Janus Metamodel

Other concepts

5 Conclusion
6 Demos
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Janus Metamodel Organizational Concepts

Direct implementation of CRIO1 organizational concepts.
Capacity, Role, Interaction, Organization

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Organization
An organisation is defined by a collection of roles that take part in
systematic institutionalised patterns of interactions with other roles
in a common context. This context consists in shared knowledge
and social rules/norms, social feelings, etc and is defined according
to an ontology.

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Role
An expected behaviour (a set of role tasks ordered by a plan) and
a set of rights and obligations in the organization context.

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Janus Metamodel Role Architecture

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Interaction
A dynamic, not a priori known sequence of events (a specification
of some occurrence that may potentially trigger effects on the
system) exchanged among roles, or between roles and entities
outside the agent system to be designed. Roles may react to the
events according to theirs behaviors.

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Capacity
A specification of a transformation of a part of the designed
system. This transformation guarantees resulting properties if the
system before the transformation satisfies a set of constraints. It
may be considered as a specification of the pre- and
post-conditions of a goal achievement.

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Janus Metamodel Organizational Architecture of an agent

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Outlines
1 Introduction
Context
3 Janus Metamodel

Other concepts

5 Conclusion
6 Demos
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Janus Metamodel Agent-related Concepts

Direct implementation of CRIO Agent-related concepts.

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Janus Metamodel Agent

Agent
An abstract rational entity that adopts a decision in order to
obtain the satisfaction of one or more of its own goals. An
autonomous entity may play a set of Agent Roles within various
groups. These roles interact each other in the specific context
provided by the entity itself. The entity context is given by the
knowledge, the capacities owned by the entity itself. Roles share
this context by the simple fact of being part of the same entity.

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Janus Metamodel Agent

Agent
An abstract rational entity that adopts a decision in order to
obtain the satisfaction of one or more of its own goals. An
autonomous entity may play a set of Agent Roles within various
groups. These roles interact each other in the specific context
provided by the entity itself. The entity context is given by the
knowledge, the capacities owned by the entity itself. Roles share
this context by the simple fact of being part of the same entity.
Holon
A holon is a self-similar structure composed of holons as
sub-structures. This hierarchical structure is called a holarchy. A
holon may be seen, depending on the level of observation, either as
an autonomous atomic entity or as a group of interacting holons.
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Agent Architecture in Janus

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Janus Metamodel Agent Interaction

Message (Inter-agent communication)
An object sent by an agent or one of its roles to another
agents or these roles. In addition to data, a Message contains
the emitter and the receivers. In organizational point of view, a
message is restricted to the roles organization. In agent point of
view, messages are exchanged by agents without scope restriction.

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Message (Inter-agent communication)
An object sent by an agent or one of its roles to another
agents or these roles. In addition to data, a Message contains
the emitter and the receivers. In organizational point of view, a
message is restricted to the roles organization. In agent point of
view, messages are exchanged by agents without scope restriction.
Signal (Intra-agent communication)

An event inside the scope of an agent. This signal may be
triggered by the agent itself or one of its roles. Listener on signals
could be any object created and registered as signal listener by the
agent itself or by one of its roles. A signal contains information
and the address of the emitter, but not the signal receivers.

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Channel (Agent-Outside communication)
A bi-directional communication mean between an agent and the
Environment. The Environment is composed of all objects that are
not agents.
Channel could be restricted to one communication direction.
Channel is providing getter and setter functions to obtain
informations from and influence the agent.
Two main types of channels are basically used: GUI binding, Probe
on agents.

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Janus Metamodel Agent Mind State

Agent Attributes and Properties
Hard-coded values in the agent source code. They are fields in the
agent class.

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Janus Metamodel Agent Mind State

Agent Attributes and Properties
Hard-coded values in the agent source code. They are fields in the
agent class.
Agent Memory
A memory space owned by the agent in which several data may be
stored. In addition to previous attributes and properties, agent is
able to exhibit a specific type of memory architecture: blackboard,
etc.

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Holon in Janus

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Outlines
1 Introduction
Context
3 Janus Metamodel

Other concepts

5 Conclusion
6 Demos
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Janus Platform Architecture

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Janus Metamodel Execution/life-cycle related concepts

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Implementation Metamodel Kernel

Organizational Management System
manages roles and organisations and their instantiations in
form of groups.
dynamic acquisition, instantiation and liberation of roles,
dynamic acquisition and execution of capacities.

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Organizational Management System
manages roles and organisations and their instantiations in
form of groups.
dynamic acquisition, instantiation and liberation of roles,
dynamic acquisition and execution of capacities.
Life Cycle Management and Execution Policies

management of the holon life cycle management
various role execution policies
a concurrent execution model.
a synchronous engine (MABS).

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Intra- and extra-Kernel Message Transport Service
various policies for the messages management (i.e. MABS)
role-oriented communication
control the exchange of messages within the platform.
event-based communication
network support

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Intra- and extra-Kernel Message Transport Service
various policies for the messages management (i.e. MABS)
role-oriented communication
control the exchange of messages within the platform.
event-based communication
network support
Observation Management System

provides instrumentation based on probes allowing a role to
observe another role.
channels to GUI

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Outlines
1 Introduction
Context
3 Janus Metamodel

Other concepts

5 Conclusion
6 Demos
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Market-like Community Example How to define an organization
Client is requesting to Broker the best offer for a service.
Broker is contacting Providers for offer submission and select

the best one.
Broker is giving back to Client the best offer.
Client and Provider are contracting.

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ProvidingOrganization.java
public class ProvidingOrganization extends Organization {
public ProvidingOrganization(CRIOContext context){
super(context);
addRole(Provider.class);
addRole(PBroker.class);
}
}
ContractingOrganization.java
public class ContractingOrganization extends Organization {
public ContractingOrganization(CRIOContext context){
super(context);
addRole(Buyer.class);
addRole(Seller.class);
}
}
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Market-like Community Example How to define a role

PBroker.java
public class PBroker extends Role {
private State state;
public PBroker() {
addObtainCondition(
new HasAllRequiredCapacitiesCondition(
FindLowestCostProposalCapacity.class,
FindShortestTimeProposalCapacity.class)));
}
public Status activate(Object... parameters) {
this.state = State.WAITING FOR CLIENT BROKER;
getSignalEmitter().addSignalListener(this.signalListener);
return StatusFactory.ok(this);
}

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PBroker.java
public enum State {
WAITING FOR CLIENT BROKER,
WAITING FOR PROVIDER READY,
CONTACT PROVIDER,
WAIT PROVIDER PROPOSAL,
SELECT PROPOSAL,
NOTIFY PROVIDERS,
WAIT CONTRACT GROUP;
}
public Status live() {
switch (this.state) {
case WAITING FOR CLIENT BROKER: break;
case WAITING FOR PROVIDER READY: break;
case CONTACT PROVIDER: break;
case WAIT PROVIDER PROPOSAL: break;
case SELECT PROPOSAL: break;
case WAIT CONTRACT GROUP: break;
}
}
}

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Market-like Community Example How to define an agent

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Market-like Community Example How to define an agent

BrokerAgent.java
public class BrokerAgent extends Agent {
public Status activate(Object... params) {
CapacityContainer cc = getCapacityContainer();
cc.addCapacity(new FindLowestCostProposalCapacityImpl());
cc.addCapacity(new FindShortestTimeProposalCapacityImpl());
GroupAddress clientGA = getOrCreateGroup(PurchaseOrganization.class);
if (!requestRole(CBroker.class, clientGA)) {
return StatusFactory.cancel(this);
}
GroupAddress providerGA = getOrCreateGroup(ProvidingOrganization.class);
if (!requestRole(PBroker.class, providerGA, this.providerCount)) {
return StatusFactory.cancel(this);
}
}
}
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Outlines
1 Introduction
Context
3 Janus Metamodel

Other concepts

5 Conclusion
6 Demos
37/42
Conclusion
Developer Features An Integrated Approach
Direct integration with the ASPECS2 methodology and CRIO
metamodel.
Contribute to fill the gap between design and implementation
phases in AOSE.
A full set of facilities for launching, displaying, developing and
monitoring agents, holons, organisations, groups, roles...
A developer-oriented platform designed to develop applications
dealing with real case studies (large, complex, etc).
see: www.aspecs.org

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Conclusion
Janus Kernel Development Constraints
Complete support of organisational concepts as first-class
abstractions: Role and Organisation.
Sake of preserving computational performance (realtime,
mobile devices, embedded)
Sake of strictly respecting agent fundamental characteristics:
autonomy.
Successfully Used In
Crowd simulation in virtual reality
Energy management of buildings
Chat rooms
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Perspectives
Agent Architecture
Complete ACL and BDI modules - February 2011
Complete FIPA compliance.

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Perspectives
Agent Architecture
Development Tools
Java Micro-Edition fully compliance, deployment on Google
Android - August 2011
A CASE tools to enable automatic code generation and assist
the deployment.

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Perspectives
Agent Architecture
Development Tools
A CASE tools to enable automatic code generation and assist
the deployment.
Deployment Features
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Outlines
1 Introduction
Context
3 Janus Metamodel

Other concepts

5 Conclusion
6 Demos
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Simple Demos on Janus
Ant colony
Forager Bots
Boids
Available on http://www.janus-project.org

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Movie: Pedestrian Simulation in Metro Station from Voxelia
Realtime pedestrian simulation in urban environment.

available on Janus-Jasim (Continuous Environment)

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JANUS: Another Yet General-Purpose Multiagent Platform

Seventh AOSE Technical Forum December 15th, 2010 Paris

Janus Another Yet General-Purpose Multiagent Platf

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JANUS: Another Yet General-Purpose Multiagent Platform

Organizational concepts of Janus

How to define an Organization

Organizational concepts of Janus

How to define an Organization

Janus and ASPECS Consortium

SeT Belfort, France

Voxelia S.A.S Belfort, France

CITAT Tucuman, Argentina

ICAR-CNR Palermo, Italy

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Introduction Why Another Platform?

To support organizational concepts as first-class abstractions:

Direct integration with the ASPECS1 methodology and CRIO

Contribute to fill the gap between design and implementation

To strictly respect agent fundamental characteristics:

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Introduction Why Another Platform?

To implement with the same general-purpose platform:

A developer-oriented platform designed to develop applications

To preserve computational performance (realtime, mobile

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Janus Platform Architecture

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Organizational concepts of Janus

How to define an Organization

ASPECS and CRIO Introduction: 3 levels of abstraction

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Organizational concepts of Janus

How to define an Organization

Organizational concepts of Janus

How to define an Organization

Janus Metamodel Organizational Concepts

Capacity, Role, Interaction, Organization

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Janus Metamodel Organizational Concepts

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Janus Metamodel Organizational Concepts

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Janus Metamodel Role Architecture

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Janus Metamodel Organizational Concepts

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Janus Metamodel Organizational Concepts

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Janus Metamodel Organizational Architecture of an agent

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Organizational concepts of Janus

How to define an Organization

Janus Metamodel Agent-related Concepts

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Janus Metamodel Agent

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Janus Metamodel Agent

Agent Architecture in Janus

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Janus Metamodel Agent Interaction

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Janus Metamodel Agent Interaction

Signal (Intra-agent communication)

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Janus Metamodel Agent Interaction

S. Galland et al. Laboratoire Syst`

Janus Metamodel Agent Mind State