Uniformly Accelerated Motion Displacement-Time Graphs

Uniformly Accelerated Motion

Displacement-Time Graphs
Velocity-Time Graphs
Acceleration-Time Graphs
Dulku Physics 20 Unit 1 (Kinematics) Topic H
Specific Outcomes:
i. I can explain, qualitatively and quantitatively, uniform and uniformly
accelerated motion when provided with written descriptions and
numerical and graphical data.
ii. I can construct graphs to demonstrate the relationships among
displacement, velocity, acceleration and time for uniform and
uniformly accelerated motion.
iii. I can analyze a graph of empirical data to infer the mathematical
relationships among displacement, velocity, acceleration and time for
uniform and uniformly accelerated motion.
iv. I can relate acceleration to the slope of, and displacement to the area
under, a velocity-time graph.

Uniformly accelerated motion occurs when
the magnitude of velocity changes for an
object
Recall: describe the following d-t graphs:
Here, there is a non-zero acceleration!

If the magnitude of velocity increases,
acceleration is positive (+)
If the magnitude of velocity decreases,
acceleration is negative (-)
uniform
motion (+
direction)
t
d
at rest
t
uniform
motion (direction)
at rest
uniform motion
(+ direction)
at rest
Recall: describe the following d-t graphs:
Displacement-time graphs of uniformly
accelerated motion:
at rest
uniform
motion (+
direction)
uniform
motion (direction)
t
t
magnitude of velocity is decreasing (negative acceleration)

Displacement-time graphs of uniformly

accelerated motion:
t
d
We will analyze d-t graphs of uniformly

accelerated motion (curved d-t graphs) in the
next topic
In that topic, we will find the instantaneous
velocity by drawing a tangent to the curve
t
magnitude of velocity is increasing (positive acceleration)
ex. 1:
Remember that in a velocity-time graph:
Find the
v
acceleration for
the first 5.0 s.
a) time is the manipulated variable

b) velocity is the responding variable
If there is uniformly accelerated motion, the

objects velocity is changing
The slope tells us an objects acceleration
5.0 s
10.0 s
a=
rise
Area under the line tells us its displacement
run
20 m/s 0 m/s
5.0 s - 0 s
= +4.0 m/s2
= 4.0 m/s2 [forward]
ex. 2:
20 m/s [forward]
30
ex. 2:
20
v
(m/s 10
[E])
0
30
20
v
(m/s 10
[E])
0
5.0 10
15 20
t (s)
30
a) Find the acceleration from 10 s to 15 s.

rise
20 m/s 30 m/s
a=
=
= -2.0 m/s2
run
15 s - 10 s
= 2.0 m/s2 [W]
5.0 10
15 20
t (s)
30
b) Find the acceleration from 15 s to 20 s.

rise
20 m/s 20 m/s
a=
=
= 0 m/s2
run
20 s - 15 s
The area under the line of a v-t graph can

tell us the displacement of the object:
v
v
t
area of a rectangle
area of a triangle
= base x height = bh
= (base)(height) = bh
ex. 1:
Find the
displacement
after 10.0 s.
v
5.0 s
10.0 s
d=
(5.0 s)(20 m/s)
+ (5.0 s)(20 m/s)

2
= 1.5 x 102 m [forward]
Velocity-Time Graphs FIX FITB

ex. 2:
20 m/s [forward]
ex. 2:
30
20
v (m/s
[forward]) 10
0
30
20
v (m/s
[forward]) 10
0
0
5.0 10
15 20
t (s)
30
a) find the displacement between 0 and 5.0 s

(5.0 s)(30 m/s)
d=
= 75 m [forward]
2
5.0 10
15 20
t (s)
30
b) find the displacement from 5.0 s to 10 s.

d = (5.0 s)(30 m/s) = 1.5 x 102 m [forward]
ex. 2:
ex. 2:
30
20
v (m/s
[forward]) 10
0
20
v (m/s
[forward]) 10
0
0
5.0 10
15 20
t (s)
30
c) find the displacement between 10 and 15 s

(5.0 s)(10 m/s)
d=
+ (5.0 s)(20 m/s)
2
30
ex. 3:
30
20
v (m/s
[forward]) 10
0
20
10
v
(m/s 0
[N]) -10
5.0 10
15 20
t (s)
30
d) find the displacement between 0 and 30 s
d = (5.0 s)(20 m/s) +
+ 350 m
[forward]
5.0 10
15 20
t (s)
30
a) find the distance moved from 0 s to 5.0 s
(10 s)(20 m/s)

= 5.5 x
15 20
t (s)
= 125 m = 1.3 x 102 m [forward]
102 m
5.0 10
c) find the displacement between 10 and 15 s
ex. 2:
30
(2.5 s)(10 m/s)

d=
(2.5 s)(10 m/s)

2
= 25 m
ex. 3:
If the v-t graph is a rising straight line
diagonal:
20
10
v
(m/s 0
[N]) -10
v
0
5.0 10
15 20
t (s)
30
b) find the displacement from 0 s to 5.0 s

(2.5 s)(-10 m/s)
d=
(2.5 s)(10 m/s)

2
a
t
(+) uniformly accelerated motion

OR (+) uniform acceleration
=0m
If the v-t graph is a falling straight line
diagonal:
+
v
a
t
(-) uniformly accelerated motion

OR (-) uniform acceleration

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