COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

PUTRAJAYA CAMPUS
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER 1 2015 / 2016

PROGRAMME

: Bachelor of Electrical &Electronics Engineering (Hons)

Bachelor of Electrical Power Engineering (Hons)
Bachelor of Computer & Communications Engineering (Hons)

SUBJECT CODE

: EECB353

SUBJECT

: Communication Systems

DATE

: September 2015

TIME

: 3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

1.

This paper contains FOUR (4) questions in SEVEN (7) pages.

2.

Answer ALL questions.

3.

Write all answers in the answer booklet provided.

4.

Write answer to each question on a new page.

5.

Do not bring in unwarranted materials except those that are allowed.

THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 8 PRINTED PAGES INCLUDING THIS

COVER PAGE.

EECB353 Semester 1 2015/2016

QUESTION 1 [15 marks]

A television receive-only (TRVO) terminal used for reception of TV signals is shown in
Figure 1. A transmission line of 125 feet in length connects the TV set to an antenna
system. The transmission line has a loss of 3 dB/100 ft.

125 ft of transmission line with

B
loss of 3 dB/100 ft

TV set
F = 16 dB

Figure 1
(a) Find the overall noise figure (NF) for the receiving system.
[4 marks]

(b) An ideal pre-amplifier that has a gain of 40 dB over an affective bandwidth of 10

MHz is connected at point A. It is given that it has a noise temperature of 30 oC
with an input signal power of 10 x 10-12W. Discuss what happen to the signal
quality in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as it reaches at the input of the TV
set (point B). Justify your results with calculations. Use Boltzmanns constant, K=
1.38 10-23 J/K.
[6 marks]

(c) A non-linear low-noise amplifier (LNA) which has a NF of 8 dB and power gain
of 12 dB is inserted at point B. How much is the additional noise incurred in the
LNA?
[5 marks]

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EECB353 Semester 1 2015/2016

QUESTION 2 [30 marks]

A radio station employs a consultant to design a system to transmit audio signals with
frequency ranging from 300 Hz to 20 kHz. The system should be designed in such that
the quantization distortion of any audio signals DOES NOT exceed 4% of the peak-topeak analog signal voltage.
(a) Determine the minimum Nyquist bandwidth if the system employs bipolar NRZ
line coding for transmission.
[5 marks]

(b) Design a PCM codebook that meets the system requirements above. It is given
that the range of allowable voltage is 8 volts. Present your design by stating the
signal-to-quantization error (SQR) in dB. Support your design with calculations
and state all your assumptions.
[8 marks]

(c) The consultant proposed to employ a non-linear quantization in the system as

shown in Figure 2(a). At the transmitter, the non-linear quantization requires a
non-linear compressor to be employed prior to linear quantizer. At the receiver, it
is de-quantized and expanded back to its original signal. The transfer
characteristic of the compressor is shown in Figure 2(b). One of the widely used
analog companding is the -law companding. The compression characteristic
for-law companding can be expressed as:

ln [1 + (

)]

ln[1 + ]

where Vmax is the maximum uncompressed analog input amplitude (in V) and the
parameter determines the degree of compression. A practical value for is 255.
Design a non-linear quantization for the system while keeping the same values of
the linear quantizer as in part (b) above. Present your design by stating ONLY the
Page 3 of 8

EECB353 Semester 1 2015/2016

minimum and the maximum step size of the compressor input signal. Justify your
design with calculations.
[7 marks]
Input

Compressor

Linear
Quantizer

Linear Dequantizer

Output
Expander

(a)

(b)
(b)

Figure 2
(d) Compare the performance of the non-linear and the linear quantization
implemented in part (b) and (c), respectively in terms of dynamic range. Hence,
propose the best system implementation and justify your selection.
[5 marks]

(e) However, a typical audio transmission requires a minimum dynamic range (DR)
of 44dB. Therefore, the consultant was advised to make an amendment to his
design. Compare the performance of this newly designed system employing linear
quantization in terms of PCM coding efficiency and actual SQR, with that in part
(a) and (b) above.
[5 marks]

Page 4 of 8

EECB353 Semester 1 2015/2016

QUESTION 3[25 marks]

(a) A communication system is being built to transmit a signal as shown in Figure 3. The
transmission channel is band-limited to 4 MHz. Based on the transmitted output
signal in Figure 3:

(i)

Determine the type of modulation technique used.

[2 mark]

(ii)

Develop the constellation diagram

[4 marks]

(iii)

Determine the data rate, baud rate and bandwidth efficiency.

[4 marks]

Figure 3

(b) The communication system in part (a) is now being re-designed.

(i)

Propose other modulation technique that would still maintain the bit rate
and baud rate as in part (a).
[2 marks]
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EECB353 Semester 1 2015/2016

(ii)

Determine key parameters of the proposed modulation technique. Clearly

state any assumption made.
[6 marks]

(c) A binary data stream of 01001110 is encoded using NRZ-I technique and then
transmitted on a radio link at 5.0 MHz carrier frequency using QPSK modulation.
Design the modulator with the following constraint:

Utilize only -90o phase shift network

Present your design using block diagram, truth table, constellation diagram and
indicate your choice of reference carrier signal. Draw the output waveform of the
QPSK signal.
[7 marks]

Page 6 of 8

EECB353 Semester 1 2015/2016

QUESTION 4 [30 marks]

(a) User A, B and C are able to transmit data simultaneously using the same carrier
frequency over wireless medium. What is the most suitable multiple access technique
in this case? Prove that all users can transmit data simultaneously without causing
interference to each other.
[8 marks]
(b) Broadband cable of 125 MHz bandwidth is used for telephony services in residential
area.

(i)

Determine the minimum data rate that can be supported by the cable.
[2 marks]

(ii)

Between analog and digital multiplexing technique, which technique can

support more voice channels? State clearly your assumptions and show your
calculations.
[6 marks]

(iii)

If the number of users multiplexed using digital multiplexing need to be

increased by 3 times without affecting the cable bandwidth, suggest how to
realize this.
[2 marks]

(c) Design a multiplexing system that can accommodate three (3) analog signals of 3.5
kHz, 5 kHz and 4 kHz, respectively. The design should consider the following
requirements:

The maximum transmission rate is 258 kbps.

Minimum quantization error is considered.

Less overhead

Encoded using 8 bits

[12 marks]

Page 7 of 8

EECB353 Semester 1 2015/2016

Bessel Function of the First Kind, Jn(m)

Modulation
Index

Carrier

Side Frequency Pairs

J0

J1

J2

J3

J4

J5

J6

J7

J8

J9

J10

J11

J12

J13

J14

0.00

1.00

0.25

0.98

0.12

0.50

0.94

0.24

0.03

1.00

0.77

0.44

0.11

0.02

1.50

0.51

0.56

0.23

0.06

0.01

2.00

0.22

0.58

0.35

0.13

0.03

2.40

0.00

0.52

0.43

0.20

0.06

0.02

2.50

-0.05

0.50

0.45

0.22

0.07

0.02

0.01

3.00

-0.26

0.34

0.49

0.31

0.13

0.04

0.01

4.00

-0.40

-0.07

0.36

0.43

0.28

0.13

0.05

0.02

5.00

-0.18

-0.33

0.05

0.36

0.39

0.26

0.13

0.05

0.02

5.45

0.00

-0.34

-0.12

0.26

0.40

0.32

0.19

0.09

0.03

0.01

6.00

0.15

-0.28

-0.24

0.11

0.36

0.36

0.25

0.13

0.06

0.02

7.00

0.30

0.00

-0.30

-0.17

0.16

0.35

0.34

0.23

0.13

0.06

0.02

8.00

0.17

0.23

-0.11

-0.29

-0.10

0.19

0.34

0.32

0.22

0.13

0.06

0.03

8.65

0.00

0.27

0.06

-0.24

-0.23

0.03

0.26

0.34

0.28

0.18

0.10

0.05

0.02

9.00

-0.09

0.25

0.14

-0.18

-0.27

-0.06

0.20

0.33

0.31

0.21

0.12

0.06

0.03

0.01

10.00

-0.25

0.05

0.25

0.06

-0.22

-0.23

-0.01

0.22

0.32

0.29

0.21

0.12

0.06

0.03

0.01

MFSK : f i f c (2i 1 M )f

-END OF QUESTION PAPER-

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